- that dislings sited slstesmsn the necessity of

, elusive

HAS'[.At{.l)’S (

.-\7.i«:i'ri-., MAY 14..

ran czsn’s asrssraiicit

The Emperor Alexander the Second evidently sgpreciates his new position. With the war w ich has just closed, he has been read in in- structive lesson. The drums of con nest in which his predecessors, from Peter to N cbolas, have indul ed, he has deliberate] abandoned. Large shn ing arinies, he now tin s, eat up the resources of his might empire, and two years of actual conflict witi the Western Nations have left him a sadder but a wiser man. The money pressure in Russia has induced him to disband the militia, and henceforth he seems determined to recruit his exhausted resources by the legitimate operations of trade and com- merce. "o attain this desirable object, he has wisely ordered all the light-houses to blaze. ‘and uoye to be laid down in the Gulfs of Botlinia and Finland, and in the Baltic and VVhi‘te Seas. 'l‘he export from Poland of the produce of that country is permitted, and no trader, anxious to bring " grist to his own mill," can display a more laudable anxiety to atone for the errors of the past tlnin the son 0 ‘ the man, whose soul, during his lon reign. was constantly occupied with the thoughtol conquest and with subjugating the nationali- ties of Europe. Adversity is sometimes :i painful schoo in which to graduate. but it is also an instructive one, and to the present ruler of all the Russias belongs the honour of accommodating himself to the altered circum- stances of his situation.

But the most remarkable proof of the since-

rity ofliis new course of action is to be found in the sentiments of a speech, which the C’/.:ll' has recently delivered to his nobles in the old Mnscovitc capital-Moscow. An extract from this remarkable document is worth quoting. “ \Var” says the Czar, “ is an abnormal state. and the greatest success obtained by it scarcely compensates for the evils it occasions. it has caused an interruption of the commercial rela- tions of the Empire with most of the states of Europe. I should certainly have carried it on had not the voice of neighbouring states pro- nounced against the policy of late years. Sup- posing the fate of arms should liavo remained constantly favourable to us, as it has been in Asia, the empire would have exhausted its resources in keeping up largeurmics on diile- rent points, the soldiers of which would, in ii great measure. be taken away from agriculture and labour. in tho (iovcrninent of Moscow itself,many manufacturers have been com elled to close. 1 prrfer the real ;)r0speril_i/ of I e arts of coca to the vain glory of co ls. thrown open the ports of llussia to the com- merce of the world, the frontiers to the free circulation of foreign roducc. wish, hence- forth, that the greatest facility shall be aﬁbrded in our markets for the exchange of wares of every origin, and of the raw materials and manufactures of our soil.”

We have called this a remarkable speech, and no one who ponders on the large and libe- ral views enunciated in the passage we have quoted, can deem it otherwise. The olie which it foreshadows is in direct opposition to that of the late Czar, who was so essentially Conservative, that he desired_Russia to produce every thing she wanted for herself and to be as inde eudent as possible of foreign, and even of neig bouring states. in point of fact, the con- trust‘ between the past and the future of Rus- sia, as regards commercial developement, is quite as great, as was the old English protective s stem to our present ree-trade notions. The

mperor Alexander ll. is evidently a convert to t e doctrines of Messrs. Cobden and Bright, and he may be said to stand in the same rela- tive position as the late Sir Robert Peel, who turned a great national calamity to account- thc failure of the otato crop in lrelaud—in order to repeal the on Laws. The war with Russia has not been roductive of unmixed evil, when we lind,thst one of its earliest fruits is the annihilation of the old and the substitu- tion of a new and more enlightened system in the exchange of commodities, and thus it fre- quently hsppens, that what we regarded as s scourge to punish and humiliate, often proves a substantial blessing,-the’ inauguration of; new and better on for the advancement of the human race. . ,

Before the sittin s of the Paris Conference» co in m for one of the Yorkshire boroughs addressed a letter to ‘Mr. W. E. Glad- stone, the 0 ‘cm or which‘ ‘yes to urge ‘upon

9 43 0

Lord Clsreivdon's sttsntionto the ex- ifof Rhesh. with a view to render The repl of_ Mr. Gladstone,

dirsotin

the various

the advantages which the British Government‘ were prepared, in return to extend to them. The appeal, in nearly all the cases‘, was s failure—it was not responded to. These Pow- ers t'eared,that they might be overreaehed- that they would have t is worst half of the bargain -—and, impressed with this idea, they stood aloof. The Government of that day, then, saw that the best and wisest course for this country to pursue, was to abandon altogether the special treaty system. and with it our pro- tection to British products,—to throw open our orts to the commerce of the world. and to revise our ﬁscal system solely with reference to taxation and to production. Mr. Gladstone roceeded to show his correspondent. fill}! the success of this great experiment on our inter- nal prosperity, und the enormous augmentation 0 our imports and exports which followed its introduction, and which has only been arrested by the war, has had the ellcct of inducing imitation on the part of other nations, which rcvious persuasion could not induce. We had given them the best practical proofof our dis- intcrestedness, and the success of the result dissipated all doubt, and fully coiilirmed the wisdom of the principle. llitlioutattaching llllllCCCSS:ll'y importance to Mr. Gladstonc's timely exposition, we cannot hel thinking that his unanswerablc arguments, t It} result ol personal cxperit-nee, supported by the tables of the Board ol"l‘r:ide, to which be referred. must more or less have dictated the liberal policy on \vl:lL'll Russia has now entered, and additioinil proofof which iuay be seen in the text of the treaty o icace which is now given to the world. Certainly, these enlarged and statesnianlike views were hardly expected from the young l-Emperor, who L‘('l:ll‘Cd, on his accession, that ho was determined in his own person to carry out the policy of Peter, of Ca- therine, and of Nicliolas,—a policy which has humbled the military pride of ltussia, iind brought her to the verge of liankriiptcy and dismembcrmcnt. 'e regard the Moscow speech as an acknowledgment of repentance, not in an unworthy or ignoble sense, but as showing, that the head ol :1 great empire, to whom is committed the lives and fortunes of sixty millions of human beings, is 11ota,sI11u11ed to acknowledge the errors of the past, and tol ursue for the future a course which llllllit: iring bles.-ings to his people and honour to" himself.

Messrs Baring Brothers and Co. are at the head of the English companies who are seeking the privilege of being allowed to establish a bank in Russia.

AUSTRALIA.

The Royal Mail Ship Becmali, Captain Piclternell of the “ Black Ball” line, ap- pointed to carry the liomeward Austra- lian mails (in lieu of the Schomberg) ar- rived in the Mersey this morning, from Melbourne, with advices to the 31st of January, and 18,000 ounces ofgold, and a cargo of wood and copper-ore.

The average yield of gold is about 50, 000 ounces per week, and in addition to this, says the Mlebournc Herald, “:1 cer- tain amount of gold still continues to be brought to town by private hand, more particularly from gold-ﬁelds to which no escort runs, such as those of the Woody Yallock, near Bzillarat, Mount Ararat and Pleasant Creek in the Wim- mera district, and the minor ones of Caledonia and Anderson's Creek on the Yarra, near Melbourne, Steigitz Forest,

in the neighbourhood of Geelong and

Lake Omeo in the Australian Alps.

We are of opinion that about 3000 ounces

per week is brou ht into various towns

on the sea-board to these sources ; and

before the departure of any favourite ship, ' old- elds are inundated by the agents 0 Melbourne and, Geelong houses, who wish to buy gold to make reiniltence; and who.in order to save time bring down their purchases in some one or other of the well-appointed coaches

it is a matter of certainty that iminediately co

naszannis Gaznrrn. _.__ -_-;»__,__ '2; *-' Wednesday. Kay 14. 1856.

The British Mails arrived at 5o’clock on Monday Mornin , in the_packet, ll. Ingram. Tm: treaty 0 peace is concluded and the terms made known, but John Bull does not appear to relish the matter. The majority of the English nation seem to concur in the opinion that it was rather premature, that the nation had a right to expect more glorious results from such magniﬁcent preparations the great naval review displayed, and which must iave given foreigners an idea of the wealth, power and resources of Great Bi-itai_n, that would be likely to remain permanently impressed. it is natural enough for those who contemplated the vast and imposing force there assembled, to regret, that it had not been brought into ac- tion, and the naval power of Britain made to be felt by her aspiring foe; and yet when we rcllcct, it would seem better as it is.

peace to your adversary while on have the ad- vantage of him, and will tell ettcr in history than it peace concluded after years of contest harassing and impovcrishing to both parties, so that it had become more a matter of neces- sity than of choice. As it is,the nationbas had to restrain her own bellicose propensities in deference to the wishes, perhaps the neces- sitics ofher allies. The battle we are told is not always to the strong, and the truth of in- spiration is abundantly conﬁrmed by facts in the military history of every nation. Take Napoleon before Moscow. lie thought and Europe thought, that the immense Russian Empire was destined to be subjected to his imperial will. The burning of Moscow would have been unavailing to have stopped his pro- gress, had not Providence it woul seem exert- ed itself to crush his presumptuous wish. Think nothing gained, he cried, till neughtremnins On Moscow‘: walls. ’lill Gallic‘: standards lly, And all be mine beneath the polar shy. One of the earliest and severest winters ever known became pregnant with horrors that were scarcely to be conceived, and that noble army of gallant and devoted souls perished, miserably perished and its leader forced to fly, not from the battle field of mortal strife, but before the all-powerful arm of the God of But- tles, before an irresistible, iinpetuous, mighty force,against which. all his power bent and quailcd, as does the willow or the rush beneath h

the storm. And so it mi ht have been wit

that proud arm 0 ﬂoating batteries,‘ Croniitadt might have been reached and every preparation might have been made for securing its surrender or completing its destruction; and yet even then, these terrible messengers cf the power and might of llini who holds the universe in his hand, lightning and tent est, the storm and the hurricane might strewed the adjacent coasts with wrecks and cor see, and not a vestige of the power so late- ly eemed irresistible be left. It is better as it is. Blessed are the peace-makers!

But it does not follow, that because war has ceased, that there are no victories to achieve. “Peace has her triumphs too.” The electric ﬂash is yet to be spcedcd beneath the Atlantic‘ wave to the shores of the new world and Ame- rica and Europe brought within speaking dis- tance. New leviathans are yet to be set aﬂoat which will make the now weary waste of waters but a railwav track to be traversed in a week. Science which converts the dull cla beneath our feet into lustrous metal has stil greater wonders in store. Who will venture to predict what a half century of universal peace may not effect. What changes have taken place since the battle of Waterloo. llow many may take their date from the treaty just signed before our grandchildren’:-1 heads are white with a e? We trust, that the day is not far distant w en religion and reason aided by experience,

' shew to men. that war is trul an abnor- mal state; thst the energies, wealt and talent which are wasted in its service, if devoted to that of peace, would eﬂect chsn s mighty and beneﬁcial. such as the world as never yet he imagination of man cannot

E3 ...-

5 -i G

BANK OF P. I‘. ISLAND.

t the first neral Meeting of the Sharehold- ers of the Ban '0!’ Prince Edward island, held at the Court House on Monday, the 12th day 0 May. 1856, in accordance with notice pub- lished in the Royal‘ Game, ureusnt to the Third Section of the Act 0 Incorporation.

. . . . . . i There is something magnauimous in giving

After the ballot, it_wss announced that the

persons who had received the greatest number of votes were as follows :

-limel Puke. 31-. Hon. Daniel Brenan, Ralph, Breeken, lhq., Daniel liodgson, Esq., Hon. Joseph Ilensley, John Longworth, Esq., John Kenn , Esq.; who were then announced by the Chairman to be duly elected.

It was then resolved, that a copy of the By Laws signed by the hairmsn be transmitted to His Excellency the Lieut. Governor in Coun- cil for his sanction.

.__.__ 'l‘o 'l'Hl: Eniroii or ll.uzann’s GAzr:'r-rr:.

Sir,

In otfcring a few short observations upona letter of the Rev. Mr. Lloyd, which appeared in_your lastepaper, it may be necessary to pre- mise that as the Congregation of St. Pauls were invilcd and not “ direcled" by their cler

to appoint two Lay Delegates for the Sync , Vigil has to tender an apology to the Reverend Gentleman for the mistake c has unwittingly na 9.

Mr. Lloyd is erfectl r’ ht ' ' sh Vigil “ intended pto souiid allaIi'naiulv’m rid: an apprehension of danger, silence would be held inexcusable, but that the alarm is ground- less remains to be seen. If Synods are to be established with an infusion, as it has been termed Of -- the La element.” The " privi- loge" of sendiii dc egates from so important a '0 as Char ottctown, must merge into an unqucstioiiablo right. But enough of this.

be far from a majority of the Parishes having agreed ‘to the constitution of a Diocesan Synod, that point was cai_-ried,an.d has since been acted upon by a minority consisting at most, of 28 Ller_gym_en,. and 20 Delegates ! l is the act of a minority indicative of the wishes of the whole population of the diocese, or to compel obedi- ence to its decisions? '1‘hut also remains to be seen

Vigil applauds the people of Halifax for no negative characteristic, as Mr. Lloyd would in- pinuate, not because they waived their rights, int sim nly because they fearlessly maintained them. no. worthy Rector indeed overstops the limits of fair controversy altogether, when he attributes to Vigil a “meaning” which he never entertaiiicd, respecting the treatment of the Halifax Curates. U on that subject he ex- pressed no opinion; in act he did not allude to it in the slightest degree. The ﬂourish therefore about -' noble resistance" is gratui-

'5 .. B‘ :-

“Unh_app diocese" is perhaps an infelieitous expression ut do not the very tiumactions in question go far to shew with what justice it has been applied! _ Vigil's letter has been totally misunderstood, if any man of reflection deems it suggestive ofyelousies; nothing could have been more foreign from his meaning or alien from his heart. lle_would inuch rather avoid any thing that would yustly give oﬁ'ence,and advocate what would make for peace, but he is fully convinced, with others that the surrender of private judg- ment to the “teachings” of the Chufoh nd the investing its chief‘ pastors with irreh on- siblo power are far more likely to pro uce “unhappiness” than a tem erate and fearless maintenance of Christian Li erty.

Vioir..

Charlottetown, May 12th, 1856.

(For Hsszurd’s Gazette.) ENIGMA.

I em composed of 26 letters. My l, 5, 3, B, 21, and ii, is the name of a son. My 16,17, id, the. the name of s qusdruped. My 20, 25, lb, 23. is a men’: garment. My 1, 2, 9, 8 is 3 lillden wt-t. Mv 9. 4. 7, is a reptile. My 13,

3. 2. ll. 93, ?5, '14, is the title of a prince of one of the countries of Europe; also ofs large pro- portion or British subjects. My 1, 13, 10,20, 19, means the eesshare. My 20, 5, 7, 1.. mun ‘l“3d‘f"P°d- M I. I9. 14. 96. 13,25. is an 1.. land in the Paciﬁc. My 3, 4, 14, 21, 11, 10,,’ =c'""in°m- M16. 1!. 19.19. 3. 22, M. is . "3"" -'|Pl'"€d equally in the child at his a b c, and to the ﬁnished scholar. My whole is a body cslctlleted to armies and" develops, the Ilsntsl faculties of those under in inﬂuence. T. Y.

Belfast.

Died, On the ldth March, at the Windmill, near Rain.

eey, isle of Man, John Monk. ., aged 08 you-g,_ ','l0ntlemes~ttessrvedl reepsei b ell who knew him. Mr. Ilonli r ' in this lslhnd many years‘ W . l . ‘

wh_i _ was published at to. §1,lltO.,W_I_l‘ most plying dill! between town and the rm, 3"“, 3. '1.nd,'.,.,,_, 15.,‘ ' ' ,1, l

Iwnhlic seam alibi." l':1pi:|tll££ 213.: mmms uiwnshlpai ’ - I .l:tini:ii.‘Ksnn 3:! A Clilelrman ofmttlioe, mrovi. Po"'ofI(i:Ii'I:ii'sli>’“'°t°"n

ax-um“: Willi!‘ Rl|“ll1l£&°'||lP°“Ml‘H5‘ N ' The pm“ of gold continues at ‘Q4 153' sionsl Con.mit’tee sq pointed at the ublic M‘ _""'v 9*“ ‘min ""l"u “‘“r“| (“di-

eajeo ; Oelint-‘Or --sq Daren sellers , , 4 , . . eetisg he.d anon th Msrch,repertedthst ~-°~»,',- °,-,-

aow. Itr.—'- 0 chord. In lhlrbble ..A .motion, brought forward in the said Committee -‘FM to snninber of By ""5 9'"! ”‘.l""°» Wol-II. Liverpool: pals. 0°-,',"*°* "",‘_, ‘,',§';,°_,§,",“°‘,°,,°" ',l}°;i in the Legislativﬁ Council 1. Mr..omm, I-,,'.",; f,<fr"'he' ,lI'Ir‘feni6ni‘of the Corporation. 93,9 “°",:_.',;".°',,{,';- I},-3';-__3°*-cs Oliv- ia. T ‘_ . , sf,.Trsde,_:d:ﬁle‘iii -°'"’;°“l-’.°““-""‘ " '°.’. 58°» “WW8 '-‘iiiiuiemn ‘I:ws"‘h‘:et.n’g'b“I'l1vlIll t . ,V""‘ c“" ""' """“‘°' "'5" "49",- - :1. 7*. It cause». now ed -«st-I form obiacttlae abolmou ot..the.pro.-em to .i.. Mee ..;.wo......a to with 3' -t 0,," ,,,_,_ , ,-,"° 3' ;,,,_‘;“.'''.'‘'°- W " ..".- ~ etieseto leeirttﬂl 'oﬁn expat dutyon gold0(lIl|f--II-t‘mw.I.pe1',alterations... . 4 .. . E .9 . ' ' s in A '

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