race coon TIIE iilillllilllilunn GUARDIAN

Morning Dolly (Founded In ilfl)

President: um. Col. w. Chester s 03mm Vice-President: J. B. " it» F. J. I. flecretnry: Llent. Col. l). A. Alullinnon. 0.8.0. [alter nud Managing Director: J. ll. Burnett. IJ-l. Associate Editors: Frank Walker nnn Lient. inn A. Burnett. LCJtV-L (On Active Service)

“The Strongest Memory is Weaker Th! the Weakest Ink.’

uuuusnav. DECEMBER. u. 1544

Collective Farming

‘While a strong case can be made for the permanent stabilization of Canadian agricul- ture and other primary industries in Canada, collective farming is not the solution, according to a study of “Co-operative and Collective Farming" just issued by the Canadian Econ- omic Research Bureau.

The report, which reviews the Saskatche- wan (iovermncnfs proposed experiments in soc- ialized agriculture, outlines the experience of Mennonite and Hutterite communities in Can- ada with co-operative and collective farming. The collective farm policy of the Soviet Union is also examined and the report concludes: "While co-operation among individual farm- ers has in the main been successful no collcctfvc farming effort so far has produced successful results."

Distinction is made between era-operative effort, in which farmers on adjoining lands coin- bine their efforts but retain individual owner- ship of lands and chattels, and collective farm- ‘nzg where a group of farmers pool their efforts but hold common ownership of lands and have r common purse. Since the latter system ap- proximates the proposals of the C. C. F. Gov- ernment in Saskatchewan. the experiments are regarded as collective rather than co-operativr farming.

ln settling returned soldiers in farming com- munities of forty to fifty families sortie parts of the co-operntivc system successfully used by the early Mennonite settlers might be adopted, according to the study. It is emphasized, that farming. more than any other line of endeavor, is a business for the individual. Farmers as a class should not be regimented into collectives-

The supposition of western farmers that the national economy proposed by the C. C. F. contemplates socialization of all industry and services, except agriculture. is not in accordance with that party's announced policy. It would be impossible for any one group, such as farmers, to carry on free enterprise while all other groups are socialized. The proposed experiments in collective farming in Saskatchewan are taken as evidence that the new government recognizes this fact.

Let's Wail And See

A5 noted in these columns a few days ago, 11x senior officers of the Pacific Command (in- cluding Licut-Col. \\-'. I. MacDonald of Char- lottetown), have been fully exonerated 0f any infringement of King's Regulations in a DTrSS conference at which they reportedly exposed the failure of the King Government's voluntary rc- cruiting policy. It would be strange indeed if they had been penalized—~the Government it- self having made a valte face on the issue when

.conirunted by Parliament.

However, there is another angle to the situ- ation. It is voiced by Mr. W. L. Clark, column- ist in the lVindsar Star (Independent Liberal). Mr- Clark opines that if these senior officers had been tried by court-martial, public opinion would undoubtedly have been on their side, no matter what the rules and regulations say. And Mr. Clark adds in italics: "New that they have bun cleared officially, each officer’: career zuill be uialchcd. If lie is promoted, it tvill be ap- parent the clearance i1- gcnuinc. But, if he is quietly put on the shelf, it will be known l/mt the clearance was only official and the porter:- t/i/rt-be are still intent on taking it out of the officers’ hides.”

Sniping At Ralston

'One of the unlovely aftermaths of the storm over reinforcements, says an exchange, is a growing tendency in certain Li-beral quarters to disparage and smear Col. Ralston. It is being said that he brought on a crisis needlessly, with the hint thrown out, and none too subtly. that in doing so he was making himself the tool of “Big Business" in a ramp to get rid of Ur. King. On top of this are repeated insinuationl that Col. Ralston was a "poor administrator", that he had lmgged down the Defence Depart- ment in a morass of red tape.

If this inspiration comes from sources friendly to Mr. King it is singularly inappropri- ate-because it was Col. Ralston, and no one else, who in the final test of this reinforce- ments trouble. saved Mr. King. Had Col. Ralston declared his intention of supportirg the Progressive Conservative amendment, of voting "no confidence" in the Government, Mr. King might have found himself out of office. It was Ilalston, more than any other man, who saved him.

On the other hand, of course, it was Col. Ralston who brought the Zombie issue l0 R head, (lragging it out into the light where the public could see it and judge it. There are mme people who will never forgive an action of that kind~ And it must have been Wormwood to Prime Minister King to have to accept the sus- pended judgment vcrilict he got in Parliamlit from the hands of the man he had kicked out of his cabinet. I

Where. by the way‘, would our Queen's Ccunty stalwarts have stood if it had come in - question of voting on the initial issue of King

id no conscription, w. Ralston and reinforce- nts?

..x.._ _.__._.__-__1..____ ..-

Z-

War Problems ln- Perspective

The conference on supply and political ques- tions in liberated countries which Mr. Richard Law, British Minister of State, will hold in Washington with U. S. Secretary Stettinius,

and Mr. Harold Macmillan, British Resident Minister in the Central Mediterranean, will. it is hoped, be the first steps on the road to solu- tion of problems that have already created Jif- iiculties of the most complex nature for the Allies.

These difficulties, warns the Montreal Ga:- ellc, are by no means over. They will occur again and again as the Allies strike deeper into Europe and as one country after another is liberated. If anyone was deluded into believ- ing that the war was a simple affair he must have altered his opinion by this time. But rhat is no reason for the distorted view of the war’s progress and the pessimistic appraisal of the relations between its protagonists that have been adopted in many quarters. To listen to them is to be convinced that the Allies are losing zhc war, that the coalition that is fighting it is fall- ing apart, and that the great powers are now embarked on disparate policies of national aggrandizement- '

To focus attention on the intricacies, the difficulties and the mistakes is to lose sight of the grandeur of thescale on which the \\'ar is being waged and won; its successes outweigh its failures so cveiwvhelmingly that reason re- bels when one small part is held to repreL-cnl its sum.

EDIIURIAL NU I t3

More than 300 wells are operating on a rec- ently discovered oilfield in Britain. n- 4‘ at e ‘The Feast of St. Thomas, also known as Didymns, one of the twelve apostles; shared the danger with Jesus at Bethany when Lazarus lay dead; was filled with dismay when Jesus announced his departure at the Last Supper: re- fused to believe in thegresurrection till he hat]

seen and touched Jesus.

##1##

I Creamery butter production in Ontario dur- ing November amounted to 4,582,000 pounds, compared with output of 4,084,000 poundg in the same month in I943. Cumulative produc- tion 0f creamery butter for the first Ii months °l _1944» 110W (Owls 711054.000 pounds as against 73.793000 pounds in the first n months of 1943-1 reduction of 9.8 per cent. n- 4- »: i:

Sill“ D433)’ (5th June) a group of R. A. F. Transport Command, specially formed to deal with invasion traffic, has flown more than 203300.000 lbs. 0f vital supplies to forward .12.- fields lil France, Belgium and Holland. This group also flew more than 5,000 airborne troops to be dropped or landed by gliders behind the enemy's lines.

v o n: u

A substantial increase in egg pfodugjflor; in Canada 1S noted in the weekly report issued by the Dominion Department of Agriculture. It states that "one of the most notable achievements of agricultural production during the war has been to make Canadian consumers independent of storage eggs." The inference is that pro- duction of fresh stock is such as to be able to meet domestic requirements, while all surplus eggs go into storage for account of the Special Products Board for export purposes. The de- partment adds that "there have been no eggs stored in Canada for omestic consumption for {our years." '

Iltli

Exports of fish products are reaching new records m dollar value, it is indicated bv the

months ended October were worth $52,019,000, nearly $6,600,000 above the figures for January- Octobcr, 1943. Canada‘s importations of fish- eries products in January-October were valued at $2,317,000, an increase of little more than $400,000. So far as exports.are concerned, the 1944 increase would have been still greater if the Dominion had been able to supply all the fish that other countries wanted. 'l‘hcrc were larger outlets for fish products in those ten months than world production could supply. n w 1- m

Full feed bins today are like money in the bank for thousands of Canadian farmers. In 1942, just at the time when livestock produc- tion was rising to new records in response to the needs of a hungry world, Canada harvested a thumping crop of feed of all kinds, enough to establish a reserve and allow farmers to plan for a year ahead. In 1943, the crop was not so good, and by the late spring of 1944 many farmers found their feed reserves were gone. But department records show today that 1944 has been a good, if not a bumper year for feed, and the reserves on most farms have been hnilt up to the point where the demands of Catiada and her Allies for meats and dairy products probably can be met for a year or more.

¢_ n a u

Chiefly because of failure of the New South Wales and Victoria crops as a result of drought, Australian wheat production this season is not expected to exceed 50,000,000 bushels. The 1v- erage for 10 years before the \var was 177,- 000,000 bushels, with average export of 10o,- 000,000 bushels. The shortage in New South Wales this year is expected to be at least 9,- 000,000 bushels and may be more if the drought continues and large quantities are consequent- ly needed to feed stock- Flour millers and stock owners believe that New South Wales may have to import substantial amounts "next year. Since these are not available in other Australian

states, they believe imports my have to come from North or South America."

and the talks on Greece between Mr. Stettinius v1

Fisheries Department. Shipments during the to lak

ma CHARLOTTETOWN cukuotan

iiotes ily ‘The, Way

The WWW: lmtut ilena m the future is not Gevrgany, the JBPB 0r anybody else. It is whether 0r not America. will fully and sundown play her due role in W311i Poinagnlrm-(Pkom the plum.

100k Whore he may. Hitler onn see‘ only one ally left w 1 , JBPQII- "m! deep down 1n hisnenrt he cannot. be Proud of such an llly-—(Nllilfl n11; Review.)

{tolls bgerzhclciliigd flor

PB fl! . d

The Nntiog. At. lib‘: agorvflhlilgll t: private with n master's d lbrarfanshfp 1s oners.

The first loe cream lode in said to have been due to an error on the Pm of I young mun in Phila- delphia '10 years m. Some of the sodas of wartime production still are erro1s.— (Brockvllle Recorder and Times.)

esree warding war pris-

The announcement from official sources that the annual yield of potatoes throughout the world has a greater value than the annual production of gold may come as a Surprise to many people. Let no one henceforth despise the spuii-(Brartford Expositor.)

"Love is never lost. l! not recip- rocated, 1t; will flow back soften and purl (Washington Irving.)

Once lulu we admit that tired feeling which always overtakes us when we sit by the radio and hear one I of these academic so-cnllcd economists dilating on the way to make Canada prosperous and to do

ut 1t without. mentioning that there ls ln Canada such an indus- try as agrlcultum-(Lethbrldge Herald.) .

Every house In the town of Crayford. Kent, which had 7,201 houses 1n 1939, has been damaged twice on average by enemy bombs. —(Lond0n Dally Mall.)

We have i-teiy had-occasion to examine the baptismal record of one of the oldest of Eastern Onta- rlo parishes and have been struck by the simplicity of the names which part, of Canada gave w their ch11- dren. By 1820-30, 1t would appear, the people of Leeds and Grenville had departed from some of the preposterous names that the Loy- allsts bore and often inflicted on their children. We have in these records little repetition of the Je- hoiadas, Benonls, Comforts, Lib- erty, Ablathars, Adonlrams. Icha- bods, and so on. of the loyalist period. Instead, this later genera- tion inclined to extreme simplicity 1n the matter of names. Few ch11- dren xeceivecl more than one and such names as John, James. Anna,

llllam, Samuel, Sarah, Esther, Margaret, Thomas, Eliza, George and Henry predominated. If there were combinations they usually consisted of such simple names as Thomas William, Christopher James, Emlly Augusta and Eliza Jane.-—(Brockv1l1e Recorder and Times.)

Sign at a Quartermaster Corps laundry 1n England, Rs reported by This Week Maguzlie: "We don't. mangle your clothes with machin- ery-we do 1t carefully by hand."

ThLs week marked the third an‘- nlversary of the entrance into the war of our smallest but one of our promptest allies. Could you iden- tify 1t 1f you knew that: It. is about the size of Maryland. but. has the densest population of any Ameri- can republic. 148 persons to the square mile, against 41 1n United States? It 1s America's most volcanic country, with four major volcanoes 1n constant or re- cent eruption, three of them so strange 1n their behavior as L0 rank among volcanologlsts as scientific phenomena? One of its volcanoes, Izalco. has no crater? One of its volcanoes, which erupt- ed 1n 1917, boiled away an entire lake 1n the process. first signs of the eruptloi. being a dull glow under the water? The third of its phenomenal volcanoes is the only one known to have been born 1n o. e. all the flsii 1n which were killed by gases before the erup- tion’! It is the Republic of El Sal- valilpn-(Mlnneapolls Star Jour- na .

Development of "synthetic blood plasma" has been announced 1n Stockholm. A device described as an "artificial heart." was consid- erably publicized a few years ago. Now if somebody could just get busy and concoct synthetic bones and synthetic flesh. the next thing you know we will be confronted with artificial men. The only drow- back would be that they would

' have no brains and no soul. but

even today you run across people lke that.— (Montreal Gazette.)

Si. Pnui uses voting machines and has been well pleased with results, While the purchase 1n- volved an outlay of $351,000 for 325 machines (approximately one for every 500 voters), an estimated saving of $30,600 1n expenses is ef- fected at every election, the Mln- neapolis Star Journal reports. The number of voting precincts has been reduced from 237 to 154 and the number of action judges from 1.200 to 633. And St. Pnnl figures ther: are added lvldends 1n accurate counting, pres ge and the satisfaction of early returns.

Chemists, physicists and engin- eers have performed “innumerable miracles" in this war. Under the pressure of the necessities of war, "the mconce‘ ables", as one writer puts it. “of only four years nuo are today’: realities." The fact is that science 1s dputting into the hands of munkln the means of ridding themselves forever of ignorance, disease. poverty and economic 1n- securty. Whether or not we shall benefit. from the gift. depends upon the ability and willingness of men to do as much creative thinkln and ectin 1n the field of deccn Ihuman. re atlons as scientists and chemists have done 1n the explor- ation or “new continents of mat.- ter." flomeone has said. and it is not too grosss an exaggeration, that whatever man can dream, man con achieve. It 1a an opti- mistic and encouraging thought. Even the world's dream of uni- verssl peace will one day see ful- filment. Man. the dreamer. is the hope of the raee-(Haiifax Her- aid.)

lflnorfs KIHPIII.

1n tee for God and count

the early settler of this l°

runuc rouuu

THE BABE OI‘ BETHLEHEM

Sin-As we "npnrwch ll" Christmas" season we are thlzikms of our brave men and women who are eats‘; this most. awful war, Io g galluntly wherever duly calls, wherever the enemy lurk!- tom from the sheltered security of home and loving parent-t. 116i’- hupsulnever tfiOh-Ifillillm gorilla H $21.

r c e ves - “c m‘ , 11pm;- o! t and press. Bu have w! of n far greater ma- God made when r10 gave his onl begotten son wno came down rom Ivory Dllfllel ‘l0 be born as a babe 1n u rude stablc. He grew up a man amongst mop. Christ volunteered for wat dmy against a. foe a million times more dangerous than Hitler, roto

11-101 iiver thought rlflce that

‘or any man the world can pro-

duce. For this purpose the Son of

Man was manifested that He mlgn‘.

destroy the works of the Devil.

: He gave up his life

lght. llve. We

cleansed through his atoning sac-

rificial blood that was spilled an Calvary.

The greatest battle ever fought and won was carried that day by the Lord Jesus Christ, and Satan's dominion was dealt a staggering blow. Death could not hold its prey for up from the grave He arose three days followlnt; H15 Crucifixion.

His resurrection 1s one of the best proven events in history and He 1s still the same Jesus at the right hand of God. with n glori- fled body 1n perfect sym our spiritual and 911F503! nee?!- He 1.1 still the powerful and prac- tical Christ.

This Babe of Bethlehem has lifted Empires off their hinges and turned the streams of the cen- turles into new channels of bles- sing. Not only has He liquidated

ast empires and nations, but. He l; the answer to the present d11- emmn, and holds the key that will unlock the future. He ls neither behind time nor ahead of time. He 1s the Alpha and the Omega. the beginning and the end.

Gethsemane was the gateway of Calvary and Calvary the gateway glory. All other doors God closed. He became the new and living way.

May we magnify and adore Him more than ever before, this com- ing Christmas season.

I am, Sir, etc.. » MAY EATON, Pasadena, Calif.

Greece’s Tragedy

(Winnipeg Free Press)

The unity of all the people of Greece in the defence of their homeland, which took place under General Metaxus at. the moment when the Italians invaded the country, has clearly evaporated with the departure of the last Ger- man. The people of Greece are taking up the bloody struggle be- tween Republicans and Monarch- lsts which has kept that unhappy country 1n an uproar for more than a hundred years. or since Greece was freed from the 'I‘urks.

After the establishment of their independence, the Greeks, in 1832, chose Prince Otho of Bavaria as their king. In 1062 he was deposed by a military revoltand the Greeks drafted, on British suggestion, an- other German prince-William George of Schleswtg - Holstein - Sonderburg-Glucksburg. He became King Gear" I, who liberated Crete from the Turks. Assassins tried to get him 1n 1898. and suc- ceeded 1n 1913. He was followed on the throne by Prince Constan-

ne. who married a sister of the Kaiser, and was overthrown by the Allies in 1917. He was suc- ceeded by his son Alexander. When Alexander died hls younger brother, Prince Paul, refused the throne so the restoration of Con- stantine became a burning issue. After a plebiscite, allegedly rigged, Constantine returned 1n 1920. but. the Allies refused to recognize him. He led the Greeks in the Smyrna campaign against: t-he Turks and, after being disastrous- ly beaten. gave up the throne. His successor was King George II, the present ruler.

A revolution broke out and the king and queen left the country for Romania. A eb held 1n 1924 1n which the country voted better than two to one for (a republ‘ The republic quickly became a dictatorship under Gen- ernl Pangalos. One dictator fol- lowed another, with brief inter- ludes of democracy, until 1935, when General Metaxas. with the help, it 1s said. of the British for- elgn office. engineered the return of King George to the throne. There was another plebiscite, but again the charge was made that 1t was rigged _y the army.

Uncle;- General Metaxes and the king the jails bulged with repub- licans and liberals. Yet, when the Italians invaded 1n 1940. the coun- try rallied unltedly behind Metax- ea. This unity was maintained for some time after the German occu- pation. The EL A.S. was formed and this partisan group was sup- ported by the British fora con- siderable erlod. Later Britain

a veteran royalist who was enum- ed 1n n civil war with the ELLA S. However , pressure from inside Greece eventually forced the refu- gee government to recognize the ELAS. and zlve 1t slx places 1n the cabinet. The "anchester Guar- dian's comment on the resignation of the E.L.A.B. members brlngsthe story up to date: