__ PAGE mun THE GUARDIAN

_.Authoriscd on second cm. mu our office Department. Ottawa. The Island Guardian Publishing Co.

President and Associate Editor. inn A. Burnett. Auoélnia Editor. Frank Walker.

CIRCULATION . “Coven Prince Edward Island like the dew’

"The strongest memory is weaker than the weakest ink".

CHABLOTTETOWN. TUESDAY, run. i4, 195:

llatlonal Scholarships

Questions in the House of Commons by Mr. R. R. Knight of the CCF and Mr. George Drew, the Progressive Conserv- ative leader, have elicited the information that the Government is studying the pro- posals for a national scholarship system. Prime Minister St. Laurent has told a delegation from the National Federation of Canadian University Students that he has been trying to plan the machinery for dis- tributing scholarships, but that so far he has been unable to make recommenda- tions to the Cabinet.

As recommended by the Massey Com- mission, the machinery might consist of (1) the National Research Council, with an expanded program of grants for scholar- ships in the sciences and related fields; (2) the federal-provincial Vocational Training Plan, with the addition of an advisory com- mittee representing governments and the universities; (3) the Canada Council, which would be set up to administer a national system of undergraduate scholarships in the arts and humanities.

Mr. St. Laurent has not explained the difficulties standing in the way of a provin- ciai scholarship scheme‘. though he did men- tion the problem ofestablishing an organ- ization “quite divorced from any sugges- tion of political patronage." Although education is a provincial matter, it is not ‘expected that federal scholarships would run into any constitutional difficulty. '

They would have precedents in research grants, health and welfare training grants,

grants to veterans, and student aid under

the Vocational Training Plan. As to the composition of the Canada

Council, the Massey Commission disagreed with professional organizations that want- It favored government appointment of 15 citizens distinguished in the arts and humanities, and representative Perhaps differences of view on this question, sug- the And the setting up of a Canada Council with broad responsibilities apart from distributing scholarships will be a complicated as well as an expensive pro- of the nation. They would represent, in the words of Dr. Mackintosh of Queen’s University, "a cal- culated investment in the greatest of na- tional resources for which I foresee in a

ed representation.

of Canada’s cultures and regions.

gests an exchange, are

Prime Minister.

hampering

ject. But the scholarships would be great and enduring value to

few years the most urgent need."

Those Tax Agreements

An interesting statement on the Domin-

ion Government’s attitude toward tax ren- tal agreements was embodied in the bud- get speech of Finance Minister Abbott. It is the. Minister's contention that if federal financing today consisted only of the sort of expenditure \vhich, but a few years ago

was regarded as necessary or proper for the Federal Government to undertake, he could come very close to a balanced bud- traditional nineteenth century federal sources of revenue—liquor, tobacco and customs duties—at ‘his dis- posal. In such a situation he could safely recommend a complete repeal of all federal income, sales and excise taxes and succes-

get with only the

agreements left off. This plan was also un- acceptable to the‘ "Provinces. Again Mr. Ilsley had to devise"some temporary ar- rangement for the postwar era. This took the form of optional agreements relating solely to taxes, the virtue of the approach being that it was not dependent for success on the unanimous acceptance by all provin- ces. A cardinal principle in the offer was that no pressure, direct or indirect, should be placed on any province to accept an

I

ma GUAl{DIAN. ‘CHARLO‘l“l‘E’l‘OWN

agreement. This, Mr. Abbott maintains, has been a fundamental position in the Federal Government's attitude ever since.

One proposal which it is hoped will be discussed more fully by succeeding speak- ers was mentioned somewhat disparagingly by Mr. Abbott. That is the idea of straight fiscal need subsidies. The Minister contends that this “double-barrelled system” would imply the ' unanimous acceptance by all Provinces before it could be adopted. “This might never be possible," he added. “As a matter of fact, I am by no means sure if I were a provincial Minister of Fin- ance that I would agree to such an ar- rangement. I am afraid I would find some- thing repugnant in the idea that an out- side body—a Board, Council or Commis- sion——would be investigating provincial af- fairs and determining the size of _the fis- cal needs for a particular period - which amount in turn would be the measure of the federal grant."

Mr. Abbott did not say what he would do in such a position, if he found his rev- enue was inadequate without fiscal need subsidies and the Federaltax rental agree- ments left no other means available of carrying on without incurring large an- nual debt increases. Surely his attitude then would be, that it is incumbent upon the Federal Government to find another solution to the problem. The provisions of the present agreements, he says, "have been hammered out on the anvil of hard experience.” But perhaps a little more hammering would do them no harm. What Mr. Abbott calls the less well-off Provinces have still a long way to go before reach- ing a status of parity with their neighbors in the distribution of national wealth.

lI.K. Farm Flood Lossos

Srwift across the night we race Feet on earth and firmly down,

A preliminary survey of the agricultural losses suffered in the recent disastrous floods in England has just been issued by the U. K. Minister of Agriculture. It shows that coastal areas were affected in the counties of Essex, Kent, Lincolnshire, Nor- folk, East Suffolk and East Yorkshire. The acreage flooded is about 150,000, of which“Kefi't has 40,000 acres, Essex 35,000, and Norfolk 27,000. Livestock losses total- led: Cattle: 1,000 (Kent 550 and Fssex 200); Sheep: 8,000 (Kent 6,000); Pigs: 1,500 (Lincolnshire 700); Poultry: 20,000 (Lincolnshire and Norfolk 'combined 10,- 000). '

The number of farms affected is not yet known to any degree of accuracy. Few buildings are beyond repair but much re- conditioning is required. Main damage is to roads, fences and ditches. There are some losses of harvested crops and some machinery has been damaged.

WITH THE SPEED OF TIME

Perpendicular in space.

so it is with lighted town, ship at sea, and mountain face. Feet on earth and firmly down.

Yet we feel no slightest jar, Twenty-thousand-miles the pace. Standing perpendicular.

And by morning light shall see Dust still on the dal.sy'.s face, Birds unruffled on the tree.

——Chsrles Mslam in the New York Times.

Old Charlottetown

£A.ndP.I.l.|

, .:_

ROADS AND HORSES

"The roads on the Islahd are good.~not from the care of the Legislature and the liberal ex- penditure of public money, but from the kindly soil, which ren- ders road milking there mere play compared with Nova Scotia. Thcrc £40 a mile will make ll beautiful rand out of green woods, while in this Province £200 is scarcely sufficient. We once imi- ioped over 60 miles on one of the Island roads without meeting a hill. or any other obstacle suf- ficient to interrupt a gallop.

“And this reminds us of the horse flesh of the Island. The Island breed is something like our own; but during the administra- tion of the late Governor Ready prodigious advances were made in the improvement of horses.

The cost of the floods to the agricultural community is estimated very about 10 million pounds.

roughly at

. EDITORIAL NOIES ..

Festival of St. Matthias. , O .0 0!

The U. S. census of 1950 revealed that Iowa farmers have the highest level of farm living, followed by Connecticut, New Jersey and California. Mississippi, on the other hand, has the lowest index of farm level of living, Alabama, Arkansas and

sion duties, leaving these fields to the South Carolina being next lowest, respect-

Provinces. ively. ' He did not believe, however, that the “ ‘ "

majority of the people in any Province The late Rev. Francis McQuald was

would favor discontinuing the present bil- lion dollar nation-wide program of welfare expenditure, or the huge expenditures re- defense. These items necessarily involve centralization, "but no one in Ottawa has any liking for centraliz- The Government over the past twenty years had sought to find solutions to the grow- ing complexity of federal-provincial finan- Commis- sion in the late,1930's made an exhaustive study of the question, but their report was not acceptable to the provinces. Finance Mlnlate-r.Ilsl_ey was then under the neces- sity of improvising some workable com- promise for_the war period. The good faith ‘of the provinces and their willingness to to in helping to find a proper bol- utlon was reflected in their acceptance of

quired for national

ation as a principle or objective".

cia_l relations. The Rowell-Sirols

.0036

. «the moblom was still , Haifa] Government put for- ‘ ‘own account A comprehensive

widely known and esteemed throughout the Province, particularly in connection with his former services as bursar at St. Dunstan's University, and latterly as par- ish priest at Kinkora. He was devoted to his high calling. -and set a fine example to the younger generation as well as to all who were privileged to come in contact with him. . —~ ~ 0 O I ’ ‘ Chester William Nimitz, American Ad- miral, was born this date 1885. A Texan, he ‘graduated from Annapolis in 1905 and served in.-submarines in the First World War, rising to be_chlef of staff in the At- lantic fleet‘s submarine force. Following Pearl Harbour he became commander-im chief of the Pacific fleet and reorganized fighting groups and strategy. He retook the Solomon: in 1942-3, the Gilbert: in 1943 and the Marianas and Marshalls in 1944. He directed the initial stages of the lnvuioqh-of Okinawa in 1945. He will ap- pointed by the United Nations to admin- later thrploblscite in Jammu and Kash- mir’ ‘ _ ,

His Excellency Imported the fam- ous horsc, Roncesvulles. and his progeny is now very abundant, and much admired by connois- scurs. A gentleman in Charlotte- town l‘l(iL‘S a flvc-year-old gelding, for which he has been repeated- l_v nffcrcrl £80."

—-The Piclou Patriot, 1812.

Aug.

ll,

.5 co )

§ The Age-0 ll Storyg

v -— -v---M--.9—.w<a—..., Sci; your nffectlnn on things above, not on things on the earth.

Iron Tailoring and Alterations’ RITE - WAY

CLEAN ERS Phone 2387

pert Plumbing

and Heating. oouoi.'As n’os_.io. ; ' JONES LTD.

Be I’-leard Too

End-Of-Line’ Man Hopes To

2: Notes BX

North American educators pro- fess to be worried because fewer women appear to be entering the universities. And we are just. cuss- ed enough to applaud this clearing of the decks of the group which upon the whole, does least. work and causes most. trouble in the halls of learning. —-Peterboraugh Examiner.

When you see L stop sign, do you come to a full stop. as the law says you should? Or do you slow dovm, look to see if anyaneb com- ins. and then go ahead? Well. most people Just don't. come to a. full stop unless traffic forces them to. That's why the Tulsa. Oklahoma, police have adopted ll. new sign for street intersections — a sign which works wonders and gives the driver a break too. The sign does 110$ 88)’ “Sf-OP-" it says "Slow, Yield Right of Way." Used in resi- dential areas, it has almost ellmln. abed intersection collisions. Changing Times’ Magazine

Even for the lrrellginus, the ag- nostic and the backslider, the set- ting aside of one day in seven when routine jobs are abandoned has undeniable merit. We think that the world's workers are en- titled to a day of rest, and we should not like to see Sunday be- come like any other day. But we have never been able to infer from the principles of Christianity that Sunda ought to be a day when imrpen treble gloom should des- cend by statute upon the entire human race. — Calgary Herald.’

The newspapermcn uccoinpn y- lng Harry Truman home to Inde- pendence were so baffled by an expression of his that they had to send in a note requesting clarifica- tion. What he_ said was that per- haps the home folks at his return would "put. the big pot in the lit.- tle one and break them both." We are amazed that the correspon- dents did not know what. he meant. This is ancient and well-recognized Mid-western idiom for outxlolng yourself.—St. Louis Post-Despatch.

3.)’

inc debuted in all parts of the democratic world and, according to reports, the numbe _of those who are in favour of giving the franchise to the in year olds is increasing noticeably. some of the American states have

amended the law on that basis. The chief argument for the re- commendation appears tobc sound. If 18 year old boys—or men~aro intelligent. enough and mature enough to fight our were, they are intelligent. enough and mature ‘enough to share in the election of ;oux- governments. That is the way .the argument runs and it is hard for its opponents to find much to say against it. What they do say in effect is that soldierlng is some- thing different from voting. The fact that at young man happens to be good at the one does not neces- sarily mean that he would be good at the other. _ .

. . A soldier obeys orders; a ‘voter must make his own decisions. This approach to the question may have

its merits, but to an increasing number of people it isn't particu- larly convincing.

Predicting the course of events in any held of social relations is 9. ticklish business and usually it is a waste of time. But. there is no doubt in my mind that in un- uther ten years or so the vote at 18 will be standard practice almost everywhere in the democratic

The Way /.

High hbor colts are encount- ing a. vast do-it-yourself move. ment in the U. S. Newsweek es- timates that eleven million home owners in that country now have workshops of their own. In twen- ty-five per cent of new homes, the owner does part of the work him- self. Amateurs buy one-third of all building supplies, and do three quarters of all point work. In the past three years, sales of portable‘ power tools have doubled. and now amount to $80 million annually.-— Fort Erie utter-Review.

We thought when Ottawa’: Mayor whltton and Toronto‘: Mayor Lamport. had that plough- ing contest last. year that it was just a flash in the pan; but now we see that Edmont/on's Mayor’ Vciner is in the competitive business too. specializing in racing. both afoot and on horseback, on the ice. Per- haps this is the beginning of a trend to athleticism in Canadian mayors. If so. we can expect. Hom- llton’s Mayor Jackson to be dust- ing off his skates and his helmet (he was a double-threat man at university — hockey and root- ball). And we have the highest confidence that he will uphold the civic honour -— it wasn't. for noth- ing that they nicknamed him sing- ger in his college days. — Hamli- ton Spectator.

This has been an unusually grim winter on lawns. Deprived of. their usuai wintertime armor, the lawns throughout our city haven't. fared too well under the criss-crossing tracks of people ,who~ have no

respect for them. Pity the poor ‘

lawns; without the protection of frost. they get ground to bits and are dcfenceless to fight back. We

didn't know there were so many-

heels in Niagara Falls. but‘ the proof is in the battered lawns. Keeping people on the straight and narrow, off the edges of grssy plots, is like politely asking Jun- ior to wipe his feet before coming into the house. At the rate we are going now. there will be 9. lot. of lawn soddlng and rolling to do

come springtime.-7 Niagara Falls Review. ‘ .

never changes.

an appreciation of thrift.

DON

A Plan . that grows up with your child

The “Estate Builder" grows with Life‘: needs but the cost

It in 5 great family morale. hu|lder—n “Parent and Child" partnership, the finest of all gifts to n child and establishes

Consult! nny Great-west Life tlculnn of thin most popular policy.

HYNDMAN & on. no.

Provlnclnl Manager: Officer: CHABLOTTETOWN — 8UMl\lEnSlDE —- MONTAGIJE

ALLISON P. McLEAN — District Manager at Summenldo. CYRUS A. B. SHAW — District Manager It Monhnln ‘ THOMAS McAVlNN — Spdclnl Bepruonlutlva. V F. L. MpcNU’l“l' — Representative at Kcnslngton. . EARL! 8. JELI.l'.‘Y -— ....pi-asenhtlve at 0'I4cIry . J. FRANK. BTEENS -- Representative at South. I) llncDONALD — Bapnlenlatlvc at Auguntlnn Cove. J. C. UTHEIIAND - Representative at Charlottetown.

representative for full pu-

world.

No one seems to know exactly when or why the arbitrary figure 21, as indicating “fu-ll-age", be- came fixed in Anglo-Saxon usage and law. It. is probably one of those social customs that “Just '. Because it seemed to work fairly well it gradually took on the sure. of legal status. It is B curious thing, however, that whereas 21 indicates "full-age”, the “age of discretion" (in England, at. any rate) is fixed at 14.

O I 0

Just. where the difference comes in is something to ponder about. and the more one ponders about it the more bewildering it seems to be. No doubt, there are some 14 year old youngsters who know the meaning of discretion and are able to use it. On the other hand. ihdlscrctlon has been known to plague some people long after they have passed the 21 year milestone. One thing at least may be put down as true. In general, 18 year old boys of today (girls, too. of course) are better fitted intellectu- ally and emotionally to assume re- sponsibility than 21 year old men were. say, a hundred years ago. And they certainly should be if improved techniques in education have any meaning at all. In fact. some of them. by their own testi- mony, know a great deal more than their fathers and are infin- itely wiser than theirteachers. But then, ‘was always so.

Mark Twain once said: “When I was 14 my father was so ignorant that I could hardly stand to have the old man around. But when I got to be 21 I was astonished at how much the ,old man had learn-

The Passing’ Scene / Anoirr vormo AND vorsizs

There appears to be consider- able support; in this Province for the suggestion that the minimum age for voters should be lowered from 21 to 18. The question is be-

already

F1“Vf_|‘:|\‘fY.A nay _,

Observer ‘

To return to the matter of the franchise. my-personal opinion llll‘ what it is worth til. may not be worth anything to anyone else ‘um, ' it means a lot to me). is thatlme difference in between An 18 year old voter and s 21 year old one is exactly nil. A change in the law would not .1. feet the constitution or usefulng.-,5 of governments one way 0, me other. At the some time I am ml for closing the gap between mm. ‘‘ tary age and voting age.

Perhaps the most pressing need is for_ more systematic and plac- ticol training in the responsibility of ‘the franchise and in the mech- anics of practical politics for vot- "5 °‘ 5“ 3355- Indeed. I would imagine that such training shouid be required in schools of all scan. emic levels.

tlal eligibility

tit

Certain research Nganlzatlolls that make it their business to in- quire into such mattershave stated that there are any number or people in this country who do not; know the name of the pl‘e.srnt Prime Minister. I have even heard it said that there are adult P. E. Isandcrs who do not know the name of our Provincial Premier. What such instances are §yTnp[()- matlc of I'm sure I don't kllow, but whatever it is it isn't \'Crv creditable to anybody concerned and it doesn't add to our demo. cratic strength.

Apparently. it 1». spread om- qulte a large area. During the long regime of the late President Roosevelt thousands of Americans were polled on the seemingly sim- ple question: “Who is the present President of the United states?" A surprising number of people, who presumably had been mark- ing "X" on ballot papers for years and years gave wrong answers. some mentioned Mr. Churchill who at. that time was not in office anywhere. A few thought it might be Mrs. Roosevelt (whereupon some Republican wag conuneuted: “Technically, wrong; for all prac- tical purposes. correct!").

. . .

School-boy howlers make infer- estlng reading, but when they are carried over into the sphere of re- sponsible government they become alarming symptoms of something not exactly reassuring.

so for as the electoral districts in this Province go I do not think it matters 9. great deal whether they have one-man or two-men representation in the legislature. although I could not agree with A friend who recently expressed the view that they shouldn't. have any. But. I do think it. is terribly im- portant that every voter, includ- ing the 18. year old ones if and when they are declared eligible, should be aware of the deep re- sponsibility that goes with the right. of franchise. If this aware- ness is not general,’ s.!"some com- petent observers maintain. there is obviously a big task to be done. The sooner we get at. it, the bet- ter.

LONDON. (GP)-—-Benjamin Good- man. 86. reputed the oldest expert in the art. of making bearsklns for guardsmen in Britain. hopes to completes 700 of the colorful ar-

ed in seven yearsl"

tlcles in time -for the Coronation.

PROFESBSIONAL CARDS

A. Wclfhen Goiudet. l.L.ll.

BARBISTEB. SOLICITOB. Etc. Phillips Sulldlng lll Grafton Street

M. Alban Former. QC. B.A.. LLB. Barrister and Solicitor Bank of Commerce Building Charlottetown

Money to noon

J. S. Taylor OPTOMETBIST Eye: Examined. Ginsu Fitted Corner Kent and Queen 81:.

Money to Loan

Frederic A. Large. QC.

‘ Barrister. Solicitor, Notary

Royal Bank of Canada Bulldlnl Charlottetown. P. E. I.

Collection

lnjor the Provincial

~ '.n.'..,i

::“"‘ ‘

155 Kent sc._ Phone soon

March the 1st is the deadline for all entries to be Debating Competition and for thg. C:-oldnolecompetitlon. . Thessare ‘open ‘to any Organization. Team members to be under 31 -yam of age. Send entry to-Secretary. Junior crc, Fedgmtion, Box ,9 Charlottetown. . .

rt...

Farm-

Offlcc Phone llt5&—Houu ms

MccPhee 8- Trainer 8. F. M|cl'l-IEE. B.A.‘. QC.

' ll. SOMEIILED TIIAINOB. ILA. ulrrlltarn. Etc.

..___..l.___—.-———:—:— Gander 8: I-lcszurd GILBERT A. GAUDET. B.A.. LLB

Barristers and sollcltorl Money to Laura . Cnnldlnn Bank of Commerce Bids-

Malheson. Peaks 8.

. Nicholson A. W. MATllES()N. Q.C. A. R. PEAKE. llA.. LLB.

Loam on City and Farm Properties

Chas. R. Mcouaif ‘ BA

_ nsnnlsn-:3.’ soucrron. NOTARY, cm lantern Trust Bulltllng C!lARI.01"l‘ll'l‘0WN Phone I'll] __‘

Dr. K. A. Mcciochern DENTIST Dental X-my Above Chlrlottctown (Ilium 203 Queen 8%. Phone till

Dr. A. L. Moclsucc

JOHN P. mcuotson. LLB.

Bari-Intern. Etc. Collections — Money To honn 1'15 Grafton street

?~ J. A. Carruthcrs, 11.0. OPTOMETBIBT 1!! Kent Street ~ Phone 2873 (Next to Simpson’: Agency)

'A’I'ITson M. Glllis. i.I..s,

IABBISTEII. Sl)I.l(iI'I‘0B. EM.

Phone ‘D0

oroommusr - 1!! Kent Sheet V comma inure noun .

- cannon

IANDO P» IIIAPIIERSON. 0 A.

IHIA our offices at Halifax, Aloncto

McDONAlD.

'- oouurrnnn Montreal. Quebec.

tonne. am. otmmumnt

V 130 lilolimond st. — Lulrlottotown

Byron J. Grant. OD. Phone on

. i H. II. come 1. -coumov

MI amt (horn St. Clurlottafimn ‘ ‘ room. one .~ LPH W. MANNING.

lbntvlllai Liverpool. Now olugny

0ttawa.1‘oront.o. Saint John. lllorbrooke. V|“°°‘"m Kirkland Lalo, Mormon lluillton.

DENTIST Dental X-Ray GLORIA BUILDING H Hit (in ion St. l'Imn-‘:_-9’

Boll.‘ Muthlcson 8: Foster

Barristers. Sollcllarn. Ell .3. ll. BELL. Q-G d. n ‘ros-run. LLB- lllllll on City and FIT" Propertie- lw Blohmond street Chnrlolt town. P.E.l."__

I Dr. W. R. Carson

CHIBOPBACTOR

Phone I01!

ACCOUNTANT! M41

as Imvm J. mnnxmi. 5:“ n. so. Jolufl. Anahanfi 9"” True.

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cuml t. ;co.~ AO00ln¢'l‘AN1'l

Edmonton. 0hI|_'ll.c::tslowII- la.

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