@119 huorcliau.

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PAGE 4‘ FRIDAYTTMAY ‘ 307 19587

The Newfoundland Plan

The St. John’s Daily News reports that negotiations between the New- foundland and Federal Governments over the Hospital Insurance Plan have now reached the final stages and are awaiting final approval from Ottawa and the signing of the agreement. Newfoundland therefore becomes one of thefew Provinces where the plan will take effect on July 1, the earliest date suggested by Federal author- ities. _

-. The Newfoundland plan will give free ward hospitalization to every- body; but it will not include medical fees. Those patients who desire pri- vate or semi-private accommodation will be able to-have it by paying the difference. Out-patients’ diagnostic work and free X-Rays are also includ- ed.

Incidentally, Newfoundland _has

had a Children’s Hospitalization Plan in effect for some time. Under the plan, all children 16 years old and un- der are given virtually complete me- dical care. The Provincial Govern- ment claims——probably with justifica- tion——that it is the most generous medical coverage for children in Can- ada. In each case, the plan was work- ed‘ out by the Provincial Cabinet‘ in consultation with medical authorities. "' For a Province which—as Premier Smallwood claimed at the Dominion- Provincial Conference last Novem- ber—is still “a quarter of a century behind the‘ Maritime Provinces” in public services, Newfoundland is do- ing very well indeed. As we remark- ed before in ‘this connection, ,Mr. Smallwood must be quite a man. Pcr- hlaps we coulditake a leaf out of his book in our approach to Ottawa on financial matters.

3 ‘ Old Age Pensions

Ottawa authorities are said to be disturbed over the inability of the old age pension \fund to stay out of the’red, the 2 per cent tax on per- sonal and corporation incomes and commodity sales being ilisufficient to

keep it in balance. It isdoubtful, how- .

.ever, whether anyone ever seriously- believed that the fund could be sus- taining over a long period of time. The Government may as well get used . to the fact that regular budget ex- penditures will have to be used for the maintenance and the expansion of the old age pension plan. - At $40 per month, pension pay- ments ran ahead of contributions at first. with the difference being made up by loans from the treasury. But by 1956, four years after payments started, the gap was clos1'ng. The $15 per month increase since then, how- ever, has added more than $150 mil- lion to the annual total payment. Perhaps the best solution, suggests the» Ottawa Citizen, would be a com- bination of the two choices facing the government. Contributions could be raised, so as to reduce the drain on the treasury. But it might as well beflrecognized that the fund cannot be actuarily sound without increasing contributions to a large amount— possibly to as much as 5 or 6 percent of personal income and corporation taxes. After a reasonableilicrease in direct contributions, perhaps to 3 per- cent in each category, the remainder could be made up from general re-

"venue. The pension could be regarded

partially as an insurance plan, partial-I ly as a welfare scheme. Contributions could continue to be collected through ' the Department of National Revenue, thus keeping administrative costs low, and the plan could be flexible enough so that the contributing rate could be raised or lowered slightly as

circumstances required.

Farm Accldenis . An extensive study of farm ac- cidents in the United States has been made since the first Farm

- Safety Week was observed fifteen

Years ago. l\lachinerv, drowning fire arms an . . .' ’ d falls vseie found to cause

three Out of every four accidental farm deaths. Machinery most deadly

of the four, took nearly 4,000 lives

from 1949 to 1953. Nearly one out of

three farm accidents involved ma.

chinery. its chief victims were pe,._.

sons between 45 and 64 years of age. In a five-year period under study

in the United States it was found that drownings claimed the place of

I

No. 2 killer with more than 1,600 lives. About one out of four drowning victims was a child under five years of age. Uncovered wells on farms and unguarded swimming areas such as nearby ponds and streams are thought to be largely responsible for drowning accidents in farm life.

In the observance of Farm Safety Week in the United States this year a new approach is to be made in an effort to reach farm residents with a safety message. It is planned to enlist the help of rural clergymen who will be able to‘ deliver a safety message from the pulpits.

The situation in the United States'is no different from that in Canada. Very few days pass without a news report on an accident involving a farm family. They fall into the same category as our U.S. cousins- machinery, drownings, firearms and falls. And the major problem is ex- actly the same—how to get the safety message “across” to farm residents.

The Haggis Haggle

Revenue Minister Nowlan has done his best to clear himself of the foul suspicion that he harbors any de- signs upon the "reputation of Scot- land’s national dish. It was recently reported that the import of haggis had been banned by Canadian author- ities. Mr. Nowlan later explained in the House of Commons that ‘it is not prohibited under the Customs Act but that haggis cannot come into Canada unless it complies with regulations of the Animal Contagious Diseases Act and also the Meat and Canned Foods Act. Still implicit in his statement was the suspicion by Canadian au- thorities as to just’ what goes into a

haggis. H On this point Mr. Herridge, CCF member for Kootenay West, asked: “What is the mystery about the haggle over the haggis '7” That was so tricky question, and Mr. N owlan trod warily. He thought the fact that an M.P. of English extraction and a minister of Irish extraction should at- tempt to discuss haggis was a mys- tery in itself. He said that any haggis which complies with the regulations

, under the acts he had cited and which

bears at label authorized by National, Health and Welfare is automatically admitted to this country. “Those which do not, unfortunately, are bar- red. That is the haggle.” Mr. Nowlan added. That word “unfortunately” should be noted. Mr. ' Nowlan—-of Irish ex- traction-eis not going to say what goes into a haggis, or that it -is sus- pect as an- edible dish in any shape of form so far as his department is concerned. It is just a matter of health regulations—a problem that comes under the Health and Welfare Minister, Mr. Monteith. He implies that he hopes Mr. Monteith will be lenient and that there will befew if any haggises that will fail to make the grade,——and leaves it at that. We think Mr. Nowlan got out of the difficulty rather neatly. He is known as a sturdy political fighter, al- ways ready to lick his weight in an opponent; but this is one controversy in which he is understandably not anxious to be further involved.

EDITORIAL NOTES

The death of Lionel Shapiro'is a distinct loss to Canadian letters. He was a writer of great talent.

4- 4 -I. ,

Another American attempt to put a satellite in orbit has failed. Mr. Khrushchev will probably call the lat- est 21% pound sphere a “spoiled orange”. He referred to the successful ones as “little oranges.” *‘

' 4- 4 NA»

\ Premier Pflimlin will go down in history as the one'French Govern- ment leader who resigned before his time came to be fired by the As- sembly. No doubt, General de Gaulle will give him suitable reward.

. 4 4 ‘I’

In one of his platitude-ridden speeches for which he is noted, Pre- sident' Eisenhower made this state- ment: “The question is going to be not one of surmounting our problems but one of rising to our opportun- ities”.. The less rhetorically-minded will say that, even so, the problems

have to be surmounted before pro- ‘

gress can be made on the opportun-

“ ities.

4 .4 1- C

One product after another is being brought under the price stabilization program. Sugar beets and soya beans are the latest to receive the protec- tion. It will soon be time for potatoes to I09 given consideration. Represen- tations with this in View were made

' by Island growers to the Department

Of Agriculture two weeks ago. It Ought not to take much longer to coffle I90 a favorable decision. Potatoes 319 091 tamly as important to the economy 35 S0.Y a beans.

MAKING THE TAIL WAG THE DOG

OTTAWA REPORT

‘Housing Program Criticisedl

By Patrick Nicholson Special Correspondent for The Guardian

OTTAWA: “My Government will continue to promote a vigor- ous program of house building," promised Governor General Mas- sey in his speech from the throne when opening’ the new Parlia- ment this month.

This ‘was the first item of new legislation to receive the atten- tion of Parliament. During the de- hate, the small Opposition swamp-

' ed the massed ranks of the Gov-

ernment with a flood of largely justified criticism of our national home-building program. ’ " ’

As was inevitable in the very early days of a new Parliament, some of the protesters had failed to do their homework, ‘so their comments brought to_-mind that old saying, that “It is better to keep your mouth shut and be

thought a fool, than to open it and remove all doubt.”-

But there remained ample grounds upon which the Gov- ernment attracted criticism from those Opposition members who had studied the problems. The most obvious point was the failure of the Crown-owned Central Mort- gage and Housing Corporation to promote truly low-cost housing to- day, in place of the fancy-dan split-level and gingerbread homes financed by the taxpayers’ money yet which are aimed exclusively at buyers with an average in- come at unrepresentative level of $5,934 per year.

WHAT CANADA NEEDS

’I‘oday’s need is to provide durable basic housing, without the frills, at a cbst which is with-

THE AcAoIANs OF'P.E.|. De Pense~ns’MemoricII ,

By J. Henri Blanchard. LL.D. ~

(Continued from yesterday)‘

In 1731 do Pensenls went to France, and on March 5, 1732, he presented a memorial to the gov-

ernment which gives a very good account of the situation of the colony of lsle Saint-Jean at that time.

This memorial states that‘ Port Lajoie and the Northeast Riv- er (Hillsboro) were the most con- siderable areas in which the land was being cultivated. “Twenty- eight inhabitants are settled there and several of them sow as much as 10 or 12 barrels of grain, and the poorest of these inhabitants aresself-supporting. v

St. Peters is the most thickly settled community. The people are nearly all deep-sea fishermen and they own 24 shallops. Only eight are engaged in clearing land for wheat. “The fishermen had ahard time to make ends meet, although the fishing was exceedingly good, as they had to sell‘ their fish and secure their supplies from Louisbuhg at great

. cost.

At Tranchemonltalgne (South Lake) the settlement consisted of six families who were well on the way to self- support, but they found great difficulty in clearing the land which was covered with a thick growth of large oaks. MULPEQUE HARBOUR

Malpeque had a beautiful har- bour and good soil, but it too was covered with large oaks and pine and it was very difficult to clear

the land. An island in this harbor was the headquarters of the sav- ages who grew Indian corn. ,It could be seen that the land was very fentile as rich returns were obtained by very crude methods of husbandry. All they do is to make a hole in the ground with ,; .s'h-arrlp stick, pour in the seed,‘ and they do not touch it except to hill it; nevertheless, their small- est crop would amount sometime to 200 barrels. In time he expect- ed that this district would be the most densely inhabited. Four A- cadian families had established themselves there; they had reap- ed ten to one of their sorwing, and the prospects for the next year were bright. They had also built a mill, the advantage of which added to the fertility ‘of the soil would certainly at-Itnact many more families from Acadia.

The total population of the six settlements with two families of fishermen settled at East Point, amounted to 347 persons.

These then were the humble beginnings of settlement‘ in Isle Saint- Jean (now Prince Edward Island), after it was placed direc- tly under the Royal domain. With the exception of the settlement at Three Rivers (Bsrudenell Point) by de Roma, the number of set- tlements was not increased until 1749, when the mlgnation of the Acadians following the founding of Halifax, made it necessary to plant many new settlements in various parts of the island.

(To be continued)

Pcinic Feolrs About De Gaulle

By Alan HaPvey Canadian Press Staff Writer

Panic fears that Gen. Charles de Gaulle’s assumption of power in France might be the begin- ning of the end for the Western military alliance seem based on flimsy evidence. .

Some experienced observers are less pessimistic. They agree that de Gaulle has made bleak state- ments about NATO in_ the past and they concede he is an ex- ponent of priclklly nationalism. but they feel France needs NATO as much as NATO needs France. N0 HASTY MOVES

A lot will depend on how things go if and when- de Gaulle takes over. His first efforts will un- doubtedly be concentrated on trying to solve the Algerian prob- lem, so that hasty moves to with- draw from NATO are unlikely to rank high on his program.

He will cerlalnly stress his View of French interest, always a fixed idea with de Gaulle. and try for a change of emphasis in NATO activities. He will want to worry less about Europe and more about .\'ort‘h Africa. in line with his feeling that the colonial awakening is part of an Islamic crusade against the West, fold and fostered b_v communism. STRENGTHENING POSSIBLE

There is a posslliility that de Gaulle at the helm might

strengthen ratller than weaken NATO. Despite his aloof and authoigltarian manner, the war- time hero has always acted ‘cir- cumspect-ly in c o n s t i t,u tional terms, and if his access to power is achieved bloodlessly it might ultimately result in a greater measure of political stability for France, with obvious benefits to the Western alliance.

A second fea,r—that de Gaulle might try on his own to make a deal with Russia—may have little substance. Shortly after the Sec- ond World War, he appeared to be attracted by the idea, but the honeymoon is probably over. His aides are said to have given as- surances on this score.

His reputation for anti - Amer- ican feeling is probably exagger- ated. It may arise from his fear that France, which he sees as still a great power, is becoming

merely an American satellite, playing a subordinate role in NATO.

His vehement espousal of the French cause sometimes‘ can,-;ed_ headaclles to wartime leaders Winston Churchill and Franklin Roosevelt. Back in p()\,\'e1', dc Gaulle would undoubtedly be a difficult customer. but his rcic might be less unl”l‘lell:lly to NATO than some accounts suW°st.

co‘-

in the means of the average work- er. The government hires hun- dreds of “experts” in housing to advise how this could be done, but so far appears to have received -no effective advice from them. For a start, the Government might practice that historical re- rhedy, of firing one in" ten of those high-priced but inexpert “ex- pe ” in C.M.H.C. “pour en- courager les autres.” This. ex- ample would perhaps encourage thel remaining nine-tenths to sharpen their pencils and study with a sense of urgency such points astlie high interest rate on C.M.H.C. mortgages, criticized by Timiskaming’s Arnold Peters; as the failure of the C.M.H.C. program to provide: mortgage loans in small communities, cri- ticized by Fort Wi1liam’s Hubert Badanai; as the failure of the C.M.H.C. experts to recommend steps to make safe the outmoded firetraps created by electrical gadgetry, criticised by Tim- miris’ Murdo Martin. _

Specifically, the Cabinet could

profitably study the figures quoted by West K0otenay’s Bert Herridge, who doffed his jester-’s cap and bells to make a telling speech. 61 per cent of all Cana- dians who filed income tax Ire- turns in the last reponted year earned incomes of less than $3,000, he said. But of the would- be homeowners who were en-‘ abled to borrow gove‘rnme=nIt mortgages, only fioulr-tenths of one pe4r.cent were in the under- $3,000 income bracket.

IIALT SPECULATION

Of the many possible steps which would result in cheaper homes, the most effective might be for the Government to-order the C.M.H.C. to create. in all big communities, a supply of serviced building lots at cos-t price. This would have the ef- fect of reducing the present out- rageously inflated price of com.- peting vacant lots. The average lot price has risen in the past ten years from $523 to $2,443. evidence of the unjustified and exorbitant profits being made by speculators in a country where there should never be a short- age of land.

The government might also consider establishing a regular and ample supply of mortgage money at a cheaper rate. It is ’ borrowing flrom the public by the sale of government bonds yielding less than 41/4 per cent. Why should the government not ,borrow at this same rate on “Government Housing Bo-nds"— which is exactly what National Housing Act mortgages are - and lend this at cost, including charges, say 5 per cent in place of the present 6 per cent mort- gages? .

And when will some Govern- ment take steps to halt the long post-war. racket whereby loan sharks lend money on second mortgages at a discount, thus dodging the tax collector to ob- tain a bogus yet tax-free “cap- tal gain”?

The Liberal Government was asleep at the switch to permit these abuses to grow up while it was in office but obviously not in power. The Conservative Government is allowing its “ad- visers” to sleep, instead of in- forming itof these abuses which they must know should be cor- rected.

The Age Old Story

If thy brother shall trespass against thee, go and tell him his fault between thee and hiln a- lone.

OUR YESTERDAYS

(From The Guardian Files)

(May 30, 1933) TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO The schooner H. Macin-

tosh" Halifax, 128 tons. Captain William H. Collins of Newfound- land, went ashore on the east end of SIL. Peters llsleand early Sunday morning. They left Port Hawkesbury on Saturday for ‘Charlottetown to load a cargo of potatoes for’ Newfoundland. A dense fog arose shutting out all visibility and the ship struck a reef some distancc' from the ls- land. She im-medialelly filled with water allowing the men only time .to collect their belongings before abandoning ship.

One unit from this province

. spit.

A Word About Dental Problem

By Herman N. Bundesen. 31- WITH OUR modern Elena ‘ techniques and equlplriclih. body has to \\'01‘_1‘y mu“ t~ more about havlfl‘-3 a.‘~tCE[)‘A1 Dulled. HoweV€I‘~ 9"“. ““h 3°. “smoc-tllest" extraction. PEI-nv swe11'1ng and lTemorT'.hagmg‘ sometimes develop after a P3’: ' t‘ h me. . tle\Id17tl‘laIgte csanoyou ‘do? a-bwt Such dental emerg€‘f1'C195-

WHAT NOT TO DO _ Well first of all. d0fl"I l11V‘1le bleeding. Don‘! rinse Y°“-is mouth too violently and don suck too thoroughly when you

To halt bleeding once it begun rinse your mouth “ll a warm saline solution (mix one-half teaspoonful tgxf‘ salt in glass of warm \_va_ - _ ‘Then fold a 2-in. by 2-111- sterile gauze pad ‘la moisutenefi teabag will do) into _a 31113 hard mass and P130? it _°"er the site of the extraction. Bit; (:11: it’. with firm Pressure for 3 0

PUBLIC FORUM

1 pen to the discus- RI: bgohclxrnespbndents of qi-IESIIO“ °f ‘ terest The Guardian does not neses- Iflarily endorse the 0Pifl'1°“ °‘ °‘’"'“' poiidents.

ALASKA

Sir,-—-Two or three years ago -I was both interested and _amused by an announcf-‘m‘e“’t 1“ Th: Guardian of a» debate. that too place in St. Dunstans Univer- sity on the following questmni “Resolved that ‘Canada should procure Alaska from the United States in exchange for the M31“- time Provinces.”

The report of this debate would likely appear more amusing than seriously offensive to the average Canadian reader, Mari-timers in- cluded, and was not. We may Wen judge, intended to be taken too seriously by practical Canadian statesmen of the present day-

But before dlismissing the de- bate with a smile. Some Mam‘ timers like myself might _be tempted to modify the flor¢g01_Il'-S resolution by substituting in lieu of the Maritime Plpov-inces, a