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EXAMINE

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’ . sllars per Ye: 6 : : : 7 Th > wR : neh pecan S ee 7 ee > me hae — 4 This is True Liberty, when Frve Born Men, having to advise the Public, may speak free.”—Evripipgs. Single Copies two cents, . " eae an ed _aisesomtinsenap-asrneessanpersuntsencrmsseeanrenns-oseananeneete SeaeiRaoeMCC eee ee ao 2 a 1 % Ww ° . Vis as CHARLOTTETOWN, P: E. ISLAND; THURSDAY OCTOBER 7, 4897. NO 234 rm TONE Oe AED ONE eat ar 4

a "ur 4 . 7 x» * > ¥. « BE. »on " 5 gf . = savery man whe has yet to buy elothing cial i ot .

Quwantity tt suze Passes aNnvupines he k3 ni ero eri - - Be ‘ LF 43 " = -f “° > pieasure to snow. We wish to impress upon

2. f Pan e” ch a a

eagy-to wear Clothing than any house in the trade.

$23.95, SL.50, $5.50. $6.50, $7, 7.50, 10.50, 1S.50 all prices,

AQza ye . 9 i wT TR a i ond oil VA2aenAs @ Sale! &. «Aik

| vool, prices; iSoys’ Ulsters.

OUR

ace

going fasé.,

ing owes it to himsely to see our stock. of the Kind ever seen on P. EB. Esland.

the minds

In these goods we show a special value at $3.25

from Berlin, and are everything that fashion demand.

FALL HATS & CAPS—In alarge

He quality and and is really a souree of

of shoppers that we can do more for you

Youth’s Ulsters, all

seer

hese Jackets are direct

and stylish assortment. You get nothing but style the Bargain Corner

Ber 68856390438

Can You Rely Good Work

at our tailoring establishment. Not one stitch put in a garment by an apprentice, or an unexperienced hand. We employ none of that kind. We could easily boast of 50 workmen if we did. We are bound to hold the reputation we have made as high-class tailors.

ae oo 2] 22a]

MeKay Woolen Co.,

fiigh Grade Tailors.

BURGLARS WANTED.

To the Burglar who entered our office and broke the Handle of Safe we extend an invitation to call again, promising him a free entry into the safe, and thereby sav- ing him the use of the Stillson wrench. We will not insure his easy exit, but will be om hand with an ambulance and undertaker. ’

At the same time we give the Dairymena guarantee for one year with our twels gang Cheese Presses. Nearly al .hat were imported nerein the past required to be repaired within a year. é;

Our improved Cheese Vat is the most popular in the market,

Our Babcock Testers never sear re, :

e press hoops are right for eighty Ibs of curd.

And hel ot ial the n ALPHA de LAVAL SEPARATOR” is on f th fi

wayahead of all others

Write for prices. Terms made to suit customers.

Our Pumps are winningja oame for themselves at prices to beat any im

TT. A. MeLEAR

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——- = a"

Granby Rubbers

Rubber Boots, Croquet and Storm Rubbers. Get the best at the same money as the inferior.

COFF BROS.|

r > TIT} O14 aR AR A i 7A a ABOU I Ss 5 EEL are fan ilar with the most recent inves.

ONE WHO KNOWS EXPLAINS METH- ODS OF MANUFACTURE,

Careful Purchasers Must Be Well Posted. The Crucible, the Bessemor and the Open Hearth Steel—It Is What the MetalhCon- tains That Counts, After All.

What is steel?

A metal composed of from 97 pemeent to 99.06 of iron and from 8 per cent. to..04 ef carbon is properly called steel: Many other substances, however, are commonly found in steel. Among these are sulphur, phosphorus, silicon, copper and manga- nese. These ingredients give various prep- erties to the metal, according to the amounts present. There are also several alloys of steel with other metals, but these are generally designated by hyphenated ti- tles, such as ‘‘chrome-steel,’’’ ‘‘nickel- steel,’’ etc.

How is steel made?

In many ways if we consider details. The principal methods are three:. The re- sulting products are known) as. crucible steel, bessemer steel and open hearth. steel.

Whaé is crucible steel?

Crucible stcel is obtained. as. the result of fusing together in a crucible the sub- stances desired in any quality, of steel.

What is bessemer steel]?

Bessemer steel is rnade by forcinga blast of air through melted iron. By this proc- ess the substances not desired in the steel are burned up. Assome ingredients which are needed are also consumed, these sub- stances (carbon, etc.) are added before the liquid metal is permitted to. cook

What is open hearth steel?

Chemically the open hearth method is substantially the same as the bessemer process, but in making epen hearth steel the forced blast is done away with and the metal while melting and after complete liquefaction is kept exposed to the air in such a way that the impurities are oxi- dized or slowly burned out of the iron. The constituents other than iron are added before solidification.

Which is the best of these three kinds of steel?

There Is no answer to this question as it is phrased. That steel is best whose strength, ductility, hardness, toughness, etc., are best adapted and proportioned for the use for which it is intended. These qualities depend upon the composition of the steel and upon its treatment—t. e., whether it has been forged, rolled, drawn, tempered, annealed, etc.

It is wholly immaterial whether the mixing of the tron, carbon, manganese and the rest is done ina crucible, a bes- semer converter or an open hearth furnace so long aa the same materials are com- pounded with equal skill and the steels treated after manufacture with the same care and judgment.

But is it not generally conceded that crucible steel is the best steel?

By no means. There certainly was a time when the manufacturer of the cruci- ble method was more skillful and more successful than others. This process is the oldest, and its advocates attained excellence while others were experimenting—-indeed before the later methods were devised. It is not to be wondered at that the traditions of that time are still ourrent in muny shops and ate expressed in many books which discuss the properties of steel. The method is still in use and is well adapted to the production of small quantities of special grades of steel, but, as a matter of fact, while every method of manufacture has ite partisans, the superiority of crucible steel can no longer be demonstrated. This is conceded by prominent authorities and

is the necessary conclusion of those who |

gations and tests.

Has any one of these three: proeesses an edvzentage over the others?

‘The maker of steel will decide that qnes tion for himself, having due regard to his surronndings™and to the: xepe ef bis undertaking. -The weer of steel wilh ask what the stcel is made of, not what it is nizde in. He will aim to secure the prop- erties which suit his work without regard to the methods of manufacturing the metal. In generel, if a mam uses much steel he will be likely to. purchase where be can get large quantities:alalike. Cru- cible steel, made in lots not exceeding 100 pounds zach, would hardiy answer. A careful purchaser of steel analyzesand tests samples from each consignment which is received. To do this for one sample in ev- ery hundredweight would gall.for an intol- erable number of analyses, to:say nothing of the uneven quality oft the steel itself when considered in large quantities.

What is cast steel?

All steel made by the processes which we have discussed is really cast steel—tbat is, the metal becomes steel. while melted and is then run in molés. The name cast steel should be restricted to steel which is cast in the share in which it is intended to be used. The result. is inferior for most purposes to that obtained by forging and similar methods. There is. much confu- sion, however, in the: popular use of this term.

What is tool steel?»

The term has no» scientific meaning. Those who use it mean any steel suitable for making tools. It may be crucible steel, bessemer steel, opem hearth steel or steel made by some less. important method. For no good reason. the name tool steel is often regarded with almost superstitious awe. The agent of. the steelmaker calls a substance tool steel, knowing little or nothing of its composition and properties. The steel user buys it, the workman makes things of it, the consumer buys and uses the things Sometimes the steel is adapted to its use and everybody is satis- fied. Sometimes it is not, and the con- sumer finds famlt and the agent sells no more steel te;that manufacturer. Mean- time nobody concerned, except the original maker, has the least idea what the stuff called tool steeLreally is. No manufacturer knows what he is buying unless he has a laboratory where. hie purchase can be tested.

What is machine steel?

That is another shop name. It is ap- plied to any steel which is soft enough to be easily eut and drilled.

On the whole, does it make any differ- ence how steel is made?

Not te the consumer, provided the steel %3 correct in ohemical constitution and physical properties, and these are matters of fact to be ascertained by careful tests, not matiers or opinion to be decided by oratory. —Brooklyn Eag'<.

Wo0ndD’s PHOSPHODINE The Great English Remedy.

cure all forms of Nervous f Weakness, Emissions,Sperm- , et atorrhea, Impotency and all aS, aS effects of Abuse or Excesses, A eis Mental Worry, excessive use of Tobacco, Opium or Stimwu- Before and After. lants, which soon jead to In- Armity, Insanity, Consumption and an early grave. Has been prescribed over 35 years in thousands of cases; is the only Reliable and Honest Medicine known, Ask Gruggistfor Wood's Phosphodine; if he offers some worthless medicine in place of this, inclose price in letter, and we will send by return mail, Price, one package, $1; six, $5. One will please, siz wi cure. Pamphlets free to any address, The Wood Company, Windsor, Ont., Canada.

Sold in Charlottetown by Gee, E Hughes, Druggist.

—

an Pianos

are appreciated more each year by the ever increasing

Heintz

List oF PurcHASERS. They retain, as the years go by. that:meh, mvsical ‘owe that is so characteristic of them. Better to pay a little r.ore now when beying, and get

THE BEST

It will pay in the end.

LT

IR BRO

AA Bd DW The P. E. Island Musie House.

Are Sole Agents on P. ©. Island for this Piano

OUR BIG EXHIBIT — —— OF NEW CLOTH

__ We are opening our different lines for the new season,, with much the same feeling of confidence which a fellow ex- oan when he has a good thiag, So many good a. grouped together that it is impossible to tell you. all ab. hem. Come and see the rectus

REAUTIFUL LINES OF OVERCOATINGS

the finest ever brought to the eity. And Trouserings, the finest you ever laid eyeson; and for Suits, they are beautifu. in the extreme. Those goods will be shown with much pleasure, and will be or exhibit this afternoon and to-morrow

JOHN MACLEOD &CO

MERCHANT TAILORS,

The above shows the Myopia, or near-sighted eye, with and without

correcting lens, The eye-ball is too long, and this condition greatly interferes

with distant vision, and if neglected, may produce serious results. When at-

tending the exhibition, make i: a point to have your eyes examined # REK by

& ? HUTCHESON, Optician & Jeweler

ueen St,, opp. J. D. McLeod

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