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PAGE FOUR

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rm: BIIARLOTTETOWN GilAlllllAl

YI:lldent—W. Cheater S. MOLUIO, l.

P. Vice-Prealdant-J. B.

Secretary-Lleun-Uol. D. A. MaeKlnnon, D. S. 0. l-ldltor and Managing DirectowJ. R. Burugn

Aaaoclaia Editors-Frank

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lt is easy for a man to remain honest if he is not unduly tempted.

SATURDAY, DIICEDIBEB l0. 1932

THEN AND NOW

Secretary Stimson, 1n rgply to the British note on the war debts situation, says he is "confident that Congress will be ‘vllling to consider any reasonable suggestion made by your Government which will facili- tate payment of the sum due on Dec. 15." This is the diplomatic way of saying that Congress does illot propose to consider the sug- gestions already advanced for post- ponement oi‘ the payments due on Dec. l5.

It is interesting to compare the mtitiidc of Congress with the stow- mciits quoted yesterday oi leading

‘ Senators and Congressmen when the

war loans were made to the a.llicd countries by the United States. The money then was described as a “gift,” not a loan-a gift, as Con- gressman Fordney expressed 1t, “to aid them (the Allies) in the best way possible to Hfiit pifi- battles across the sea."

This, evidently, was the view aubseqently taken by General John J. Pershing, coinmander-in-chief of the American Expeditionary Force, when he said:

"If it had not been that the Allies were able to hold the line for fifteen months after we had entered the war, hold them with the support of the loans we made, the war might well have been lost.

"It seems to me there .is some middle ground where wc should bear a. certain part of the expense in maintaining the Allied Armies on the front. while we were pi~c~ paring, instead of calling all this money a. loan and insisting oii its payment. g

“We were responsible. We gave them money knowing it. would be used to hold the Boche until we could prepare. fifteen‘ months! flunk 0! it."

‘This is also the view of General John 0’Rya.n Commander oilme 2m. Division,’ a. m. n: _

“We entered‘ the war," says General O'.R.yan, "in partnership with Britain and France against a common enemy, and we were expected to play a man's role. We weren't ready. Fourteen months elapsed before we took over a. sec- tion of the line and in the‘ mean- time our third of that line was held by British and French. They did the dYiflQ"

“They did the dying!" ls that something Congress has forgotten in its present eagerness "to consider any reasonable suggestion wh’ch will facilitate payment of the sum due on Dec. 15th"?

REASSURING

During the past few days the prcss has carried news items o!

‘dirt-J; rmcl fnr reaching importance.

it) Canada from an economic stand- pont. These items, for the most part, have been of a decidedly en- couraging nature. For example:

figures have been issued by the Fsderal Government this week show- ing a. favorable balance of trade for the twelve months ended October 3i of nearly $62,000,000. Substantial gains in exports to France, Belgium, in.- Netherlands and the United Kingdom are noted. Commenting on this factor, the monthly commer- cial lcttcr for December of the Can- adan Bank of Commerce says Canada's achievement is all the more satsfactory in view OI m0 general decline of prices and the fact that world trade has been shrinking. The bank letter also notes "a burst of activity" in the secondary industries of the country and an improvement in employment in the early autumn.

The most memorable event of the past fcw days has been the Brits-h nap, urging postponement of the Dec. l5 installment of war debts to the United States. This note was a masterly ’ but its m; ‘ seemed to carry n0 weight at Washington. In the event which new seems probable of United States insisting on payment within the scheduled time, the gold reserve of the Bunk o: England will be reduc- ed, causing a further drop in the value of the British Pound.

which will have an unfavorable effect on the prices obtained in Britain for Canadian export pro- ducts. On the other hand, the British noteuindicated that if Britain is required to make this debt pay- ment it will be necessary for Her to restrict imports from. the United States, especially farm products. This would naturally mean a better market for Canadian farm products and certain other products. Some of the things that the United States has been exporirig to Britain in con- siderable quantity arc hams and bacon, barley, apples, milk products. canned salmon and undressed furs. Canada could expect a better mar- kct for these and other products if Britain restricted her importation from the United States.

Coming to the Maritime Provinc- es, the new; of the past few days contains many reassuring factors. Upward: of 300 trainmen, jncluding firemen, engineers and brakemen, have returnedto work on the At- lantic Region of the C. N. B. This is the result of grain and commod- ities being sent ‘eastward from Upper and Western Canada for shipment to Great Britain through Atlantic ports. The ports of Halifax and Saint John have been excep- tionally busy, handling the van- guard of grain shipments which will run into millions of bushels. 200 liner sailings are anticipated from St. John during the winter. ‘This week-end "the season's record will be shattered at Halifax, with ten ocean lners in port. In addition to grafn, heavy cattle shipments for Great Britain will be made through- out the winter.

An order for 500 allstcel C. N. R. gondola c/a s iron, the Trenton, N. S. plant, a, $ , 0,000 contract, has been announced within the past few days. This will give additional em- ployment, not only to car workers, but to the Sydney steel plant,

Another encouraging news item is the announcement of the decision of the British Government to make use of softwoods originating within the nnpire in all major building contracts that come under the sup- ewislon of the Commissioner 0d Works. Canada. is in the best po- sition of any Empire country to meet these requrements, and the Atlantic Coast provinces have the advantage of this trade by reason of proximity and shorter ocean transport.

BEL-GRASS SITUA TION

The col-grass situation on the Atlantic Coast is the subject of a lengthy article by Mr. Harrison l". Lewis, Chief Federal Migratory Bird Officer for Ontario and Quebec. Publication of the article, which ii

Issued by the Department of the ln- terior, begins in today's Guardian The idea of a. disease-causing organ- ism as the cause of the existhg scarcity of eel-grass, Mr. Lewis say-Y. cannot be considered more than a highly probable theory until the organism is found and the disease can be produced with it. specimens oi ell-grass in various stages of de- struction were gathered by him at a number of places in the Maritime Provinces in September last and were furnished as promptly as pos- sible to the laboratory of Plant Pathology, Ottawa, for examination. As a result of the examination made it can now be said only that no organism has yet been identified as the cause of the destruction, and that it is vvry unlikely that the causative organism is a funfliii- Search for some other possible whether it. be a. bacterium or an ultra-microscopic organism, must presumably be carried on in a suitable laboratory at the sea-shore, where sea-water and living eel grass are immediately available.

{rho rapid and widewread de-

Al . aar

atructlon of eel-gm that has taken

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place within the past two years indcaies that the destroying organ- ism was either‘ one that was new to the eel-grass attacked or was a new mutant from a strain previous- ly present; else there is no appar- ent reason why it should not have destroyed the eel-grass before. If this ls correct, where, asks Mr. Lcivis, has the destroying organism

cltm an interesting theory advanced by Dr. A. G. Huntsman. It seems that in the past year or two certain tropical fishes and plankton forms previously unusual or unknown in Canadian waters, including Salpa u?" (the Goose Barnacle) have been collected off the coast of Nova Scotia and even in the southern D111 of the Gulf of Si. Lawrence and in Northumberland Strait. This is considered t0 indicate increased connection between tropical waters and thme of the Maritime Provinces, due to an increased amount of water from the Gulf Stream enter- ing the coastal basins around these provinces. It is possible that -the mfihlfi organism that is believed to be destroying the eel-grass may bc a rpitive of the tropes, lying there on some other host plant or plants long adjusted to its attacks, that has now been discminated north- ward by the same movement that has brought the tropical fishes and plankton firms. Such an organism, finding in the eel-grass an abund- ant plant that was suited to its needs and that lacked resistance to

its attacks, might cause the scarcity observed.

The future course of an entirely new disease, says Mr. Lewis, cannot be predicted with any certainty. It may extend its range still further in 1933 or it may meet a. barrier of unfavorable conditions that will definitely limit its northward pro- gress. It is possible that the eel- grass in regions where the disease flourshes may never be able to N- s’st it and therefore may never be able to recover to an extent that will flfimit it to become abundant again. The history of new disease

it appear much more probable that there will be an eventual recovery, due ther to development of a re- sistan strain oi eel-grna or to de- crease in the virulence oi the at-

together. The scattered young, apparently healthy plants Ioulld by

N. B. last September, may possibly

grass. The Department of the Interior

scarcity of eel-grass in brant, can. ado geesn, and black ducks in Nova

Scotia, New Brimswick and Prince

Edward Island this fail, and will

‘continue to do so during the winter

and spring wherever in these pro- vinces the blrd may be found. While maximum distress is not to be expected until ice, snow and con- tinued feeding have further restrict- \"(1 the supply of food available in the region, marked effects attribut- able to the lack of eel grass have already been recorded in mme areas.

INANE’ CRITICISM

There never was a time when constructive criticism would be more helpful on the part of the Op- position press in Canada, or when the lack of such criticism was more

cent comment on the exchange situation in onc of the few con- tinuing Liberal newspapers oi im- portance, the Ottawa Citizen. Hon. Mr. Rhodes, Minister ‘of Finance, has pointed out that inflation of Canadian currency to bring the Canadian dollar down to the lcvci of the British pound would coat Canada an extra $150,000,000 per year on debt payments in the United States. The Citizen's reply to this statement is quoted, appar- ently with approval, in our local contemporary. It complains of Can- ldl bellil "dominated by fear of New York exchange," of “Canada's independence being put away on the shelf," and it suggests that the Government lacks confidence “in the real credit of Canada to strike out along an independent path whereby the nation could be fin- lnced without submitting to the rule of gold aa it is required by

conic from? In ths connect oii he‘

apparent. Take, for example, a re- l

IIDTES BY TIIE WAY

The reputation oi’ Europe la not on trial here, for the right oi debt- ors to ask for revision is as sacred in international trans-actions as it is when a Mississippi farmer comes in to the bank to ask for "a. little more time." But our reputation as a rcspons blc ziiid reliable iiieinbcr of illitflllllitiliill sccLcty is distinctly on trial. We cannot forever hold out hope and then pull it back with a string. We cannot, for example, ask other nations to accept our view of the Manchurian aflair and then snap “Pay or default" to an honest request for debt revision. The con- sequences of our folly and that of other countries are already to be seen crowding every employment of- fice and charitable institution.

Such Impressive utterances /as oc- casionally appear in the U. S. Press iurnsh some basis for hope that the Washington Government will have the wisdom and the courage to extend the Hoover moratorium at

least to Great Britain in order that further time may be available for reconsideration of the whole inter- national situation. The immeifaw future of civilization is largely at stake, for, as every competent auth- ority llfll‘ declared, there can be no liopc of u general recovery from a deprcszsioj, which has already lastcd three years until general confidence is restored. The best thing that could happen would be a cancella- tion or scaling down of war debts. which have long imposed an intol- erable burden oii two continenfi and which cannot and never will be paid in full. The Uni.“ States holds the key to the problem. The cyes of the whole world are turned upon Waslfngton. What will Mr. Hoover and his associates and a dying Con- grass have to say in reply to the British and French notes?

Expenditures no longer go un- challenged. Pecple who have had tn curtail their own expendtiires and

gance on the part of public admin- istrators, It is a very health)’ 51x11 of the times. ‘

farmers and wage earners will swal- 10w the arguments handed out to them by Mr. Woodsworth, Mr. Gar-

Bland at, the U. F. O. convention. Their game is a. transparent one. qhey- are capitalizing a world de- prcsslifffl in the hope of overturning existing institutions in this tountry- Mr. Woodsworth leads the so-caiied

tacking organism, or to both causes Co-OPQTWVB C°mm°“w“m‘ Rd‘

cruticii, which is frankly Socialistic and almost Communistlc in its 0b- jcctivcs. He has a great admiration

Mr. Lewis on the flats at Buctouche, m, Russ“, and he ma“ that can.

adians can benefit themselves by

the same road.

Now a woman up in Ont-if"?- I 96th birthday, has been telling o! duties as u sirl was to 1°°i< all" a common practice to carry a. bi! an occasional trip to the nearest

with a yoke of oxen. By Way of con- trast she motored 300 miles one daY last summer. Her father owned the first, oil burning lamp in the district. and it ‘H.213 mid r mwcd to biirii outdo: nil tiny iwfflrc UiPl’ would venture to take it in the house.

ma.

In 182B the School Board of Lan- caster, Ohio, refused permission YD use the schoolhouse to a Swill? wlfch wished to discuss the practic- ability of steam railways. The School Board, in its wisdom. replied thus: "You are welcome to use tht schoolhouse to debate all proper questions in, but such things as rail-

the New York money market."

What do these irinuendoes mean? Do they mean that Canada should repudiate her commitments in the United States? 1a that the "iride- pendent course" which the Liberal press would recommend? Our debt payments in the United States were incurred over a long pyriod of years by federal, provincial and muni- cipal bodiesfThc inflation of Cair- adian currency would increase the amount of these debts to auch an extent that, in the opinion of the Toronto Globe (Liberail increased taxes in Canada would be necessary and our present troubles would, in this respect at least, be greatly ag- gravated.

That is the situation, It la not one for which thc Bennett Govern- ment is responsible and it is too serious in its ramifications to at. ford excuse for the cheap partisan claPtralJ in which the Ottawa Cit-i- nn indulges. a

i Q a. iliijat

3.1.... w, a“... up.

hlrlClllNli TU HELP BREATHE DEEPLY

IS

Before and even during the war, a tank containing oxygen was part of the equipment of most hospitals. when a patient was in need of more air or oxygen during pneu- monia, or following an operation, it was customary to brlns the 0X?- gen tank to the bedside and the patient breathed the pure oxygen into the lungs.

Prof. Henderson and HAKBBTd 0f Yale in 1922 introduced the use of a mixture of carbon dioxide and oxygen as a. means of reviving vic- tims of carbon dioxide poisoning, and to remove ether and other an- aesthetics from the lungs after sur- gical operations. These inhalators are now used by many fire and police departments, and hundreds of lives are saved each year.

The idea is that by supplying oxygen and a little carbon dioxide as is found in the air and in air that has been breathed, the lungs are supplied with the exact mixture they need to enable them to work themselves. _

Within the past two years two new uses for the inhalator some- what similar to the above have been found and also a third or new use. The first is the resuscitation or reviving of the new born who fall to. breathe or who do not breathe properly. The inhalator would ap- pear to give better results than some of the old time methods. Also in youngsters whose lungs are not fully expanded, the inhalator by dEEPEuJIZ the breathing prevents pneumonia.

The third use is in the treatment

more or less obstructed and the heart has a. difficult time trying to pump blood into the lungs, and also get enough pure blood back into it

n is “imam u, think u“, an, to iehilid ftouall parts of the body. It eminent that Great Britain Wm considerable number of Canadian s s a ure of the heart to do take all legitimate measures to pm.

this difficult Job that causes most of the deaths in these ailments. It is certainly gratifying to see

invasions iii general, however, makes dine“ M,“ Mmphu-il 5nd Dr. Salem the "59 i” ""5 Willideriiil Yet Bim-

ple principle in the physiology of breathing being of such benefit td‘ mankind.

BABITAN T

represent a resistant strain of eel- rains a cimsidelable dlllim“ “m” T“ "WSW" "W" round the circ- wh°m m‘ sYmPhmifl °‘ Bemmvti"

ling shore,

The lake's cup level at the giant’; Brtistic experience, can have little

lip,

a observing the actual effect of the Mm Emmi. Gray, celebrating her Bending the blue sky u; the forest t° "it ideal-B 0i the cishteenth

floor

the "sood 01d tithes!’ One of her As the great ocean drowns the little sweeps of concentrated emotion.

ship;

the cattle on the farm and it was Secret and sunny“ in the graphic elemental passions, his architecture

trade

sticgasproteetion against the beflfl- 0i’ river clouds blown up from all human experience. l-le was

Tadousac,

viliase ten miles away was made 0r anxious troubler of the blrchen breath, first melting to tears and

shade

55°"! the P011988 where the mud is black:

‘lritc this silence Cfljflgs the duck in spring,

blade in siiniinci", and the moose at fall;

The druid loon with excellent web and wing

On lonely passages of lonely can, And where the admiral flies hi; brief amen,

O marvellous singing of the winter ' wreni

The

—-Davld McCoi-d, in Yale Review,

roads and tekzfllphs are impossibil- ities and rank infidelity. The" i; "Othins in the Word of God gbout them. If God had designed Lhgt m, intelligent creatres should travel at "w "ishtful Bpeed of fifteen miles an hour, by steam, He would have clearly foretold 1g through 3,8 holy Drvlthets. It la a device o: smu m 168d immortal souls down to Hell." What would we-have replied 1g w, had been on the board in 102a? And iI-rc our minds as closed today to idfls as new steam engine; we"; ‘ century ago?

'\\

thumb"

KIDNEY -

Situation In Persia

(Mail and Empire) Perslts cancellation of the con-

aian Oil (‘nampany reminds us that a well-known Tomato journalist, Mr. Peter 0'Donovan, represented that company at the coronation of the present Shah, Reza Khan, for- iiicriy Prime Minister, oii April 25,

clal interests in Persia greatly ex- ceeded those of any other country. but recently they have been losing ground through the activity of So- viet Russia. It is probable that the Soviet emissa lea have been stirred to retaliate against the clause ban- ning Ruasian dumping in the An- glo-Canadian trade agreement.

The efforts of Soviet Russia against British interests in Persia are described in the last issue of The New Outlook by Mr. George Dean, secretary of the American Missionary College at Tcheran. The actual tenets of Communism have never been taken up with enthug. ilmi by Bny considerable number of Persians. The reasons for this are inherent in the characteristics of the Persians themselves-and in the prevailing social structure of the country. But there as well as elsewhere in the East “face" counts for a lot. I