'. '"-3” W 1bA-'4CA'fgi:'

THE GUARDIAN

lnhluooeesea-grad-da.vu-:uuuIuPnnonune(.L'nu &IIIlI..l.L.by'l'ho - Limited.

Nhven Plhu Ilwnrl Inland Min Iho Dew”

Idltnr, Frank Walker Ienenl Hauler. Inn A. numn

Inna office: at lununu-dun. Ilonntue and Anni-ton. Anthon- bdulepnIdf.lnnnlaIIbyIhePoetoffiuDopanmanL ONIII.

h Cu-nu clarlottnln lulu: . run In Ii. I. L aI.oo'."'o.t.nu l:rI:.:.nc'olnl?Id”l'J..:lm:.Ifl1..; Rf IIIIIIII. ”'.l'ho nhonxen memory In wake flu. the washout Ink.”

TUESDAY. JANUARY 25. 1855

The Paris Agreements

The few members of Parliament who have indicated their intention of voting against ratification of the Paris Agreements will, of course, not be able to hinder, or even llelay. the passage of the proposed legisla. tion. The only disconcerting feature about their refusal to go along with the general sense of the Commons is the obvious lack of unanimity on a very important subject. But that is nothing to be alarmed about; the same thing happened in Britain and, almost certainly, will happen in the United States

When Congress gets around to considel-jng,thiS subject has been made by Mr. Wilfred

the matter. It would be a mistake. however, to sup-

pose that the dissidents are speaking only for , pearing in the Sentinel-Review.

themselves and, perhaps, their constituents.

The fact is that there is a good deal of op- position in this country, and in all other free . rather than currently at our elbow. More countries, to the principle of West GernianlH('('llF3l9ll' P01'llP1DS it has

rearmament, especially among t h o s e who have had personal experience with militarism in one or other of the Great Wars.

nnce was more massive than it looks In any of the portraits. There was a strong expres- sion of shrewdness in his lineaments; the eye alone indicated the poetic character and temperament. It was large and of a dark cast, and literally glowed when he spoke. I never saw such another eye in a human head. His conversation expressed perfect self-con- fidence, without the least intrusive forward- ness." And Scott adds. as a footnote to the portrait: "He was much caressed in Edin- burgh, but the efforts made for his relief were extremely trifling."

The traditional Burns anniversary con- ccrt is being held here this evening under the auspices of Zion Men's Association, and no doubt will draw a large attendance both from rural and urban centres. It has done iso for years, and long may it continue as a isource of entertainment and inspiration on l this memorable day!

Agricultural Revolution That revolutionary changes are under way in agriculture has been noted by many commentators. A thoughtful contribution to

L. Bishop, secretary of the Oxford, Ontario, .Federation of Agriculture in an editorial ap- To many of us, says Mr. Bishop, the Industrial Revolu- tion is perhaps something out of the dim past

been a business phenomena which has been with us since the invention of the steam engine and periodical- ly heralds business innovations. Farm econ-

omisls used to talk of 1910 bringing in an,

. .'a......:o.;-ii... ... ...,....s

ergo n;;;iiisl;:ae'it F... Us

Perhaps it would not be wrong to suggest

that the Paris Agreements will be ratified by , era of commercialized rather than self-suf-l

all the Western powers, not because they ficient agriculture, but in the years following

promise an ideal solution to one of the pres- 3 the Second World War, changes and mechan-1 ization have affected agriculture at such an

sing problems of the times-how to achieve

Aulcl Lang Syne

William Kean Seymour In The Edinburgh Scotsman in December

European security-but simply because no In- tolfuture.

better solution has yet been devised. deed, the only conceivable alternative West German rearmament and admission to

the Western alliance, as things are at pres- ent and as they are likely to remain for some time to come, would be a virtual abandon- ment of Western Europe to Soviet designs. the Agree- mentsl the simple fact of modern history is that West German co-operation is essential to European security. This will be difficult enough to achieve in any case; with an un- friendly West Germany or a West Germany rendered indifferent by the application of old fears to new conditions, on the part of other Western powers. it would be quite im- P0S5lble- PTOOI Of this. if any Were needed: 1 son to believe changes may be almost as sig- can be f0Ul1d in S0Vl9t RUS5la'S 8ll9mDt5i by l nificant in these branches of farming as well. threats, cajolery. and every other "device known to the Kremlin, to keep the agree-

However anyone may feel about

political possibilities of the Paris

ments from being implemented.

Parliamentary opponents to the meas- ure now before the Commons are, of course, entitled to their opinions, and it would be quite wrong for anyone to impugn their motives. At the same time it is hard to see how they can find justification for their stand in the realities of the present world situation.

Burns Anniversary

The anniversary of the birth of Scot- land's greatwt poet has long since ceased to Wherever his songs have been sung. his poems read or re- cited, they have touched the human heart in such a manner as to leave no doubt as to the universality of his genius. Robert Burns was born in a humble cottage, and remained poor in worldly goods to the end of his days. But

be a merely national event.

he had riches far surpassing material wealth

and he spent it lavishly for the delight and his fellow men. His lyrics owe no doubt, to the fact of tiheit being an epitome of melodies, moods and memories that had belonged for centuries to the life of Scotland; but in gath-

inspiration of part of their popularity,

ering them from his ancestors Burns exalt

ed their work by asserting a new dignity for

their simplest themes. . g The affectations of his style are msig

nificant and rare. His prevailing character- lstic is an absolute sincerity. He compared himself to an Aeolian harp, strung to every

wind of heaven, and it is true that his gen

lus flowed over all living and lifeless things with a sympathy that found nothing mean An uprooted daisy became on his pages an enduring emblem of the fate of artless maid and simple bard. He dis- 0 0 0

or. insignificant.

turbed a mouse's nest to find in the "tim'

rous beastle" a fellow-mortal doomed like

” fmmelf to "thole the winters sleety dribble", One could but apter Better review of his work are a few lines I jggqarn poetry at its best; and consider- gg in confidant under which he lived it is " thntheadile-vulaomuchthat . . . l' V;a'lterScott.asaladoI'flfteen, saw

v I in am to Edinburgh to be

and drew his oft-repeated moral.

at for pages in praise of his genius;

, llmalbeendonebefore, and by ' ii more learned commentators.

ever increasing rate that in all probability 1950 will be the most likely milestone of the

How far this trend may go and what form it may take is not yet too clear. Revo- lut.onary changes have already struck the poultry branch of farming, bringing special- ized breeds and strains of birds for broiler production. egg production, capons or what you will. These along with the mechaniza- tion of poultry chores are promising to make poultry production a highly capitalized and specialized industry quite distinct, from the traditional raising of a few hundred birds under ordinary farm conditions. The pat- tern of what may be in the making is more obscure in the case of hogs, cattle and var- ious cash crops. There is, however, still rea-

Sweeping business changes, even though the final effect may be good, often bring temporary disadvantages and harm to both individuals and firms. It may well be that the current surpluses which are so depressing to most. branches of agriculture are at least accentuated by if not caused by these cur- rent "changes.

The agricultural revolution will ultimate- ly contribute to bringing in a better day for farmers and farm laborers and so strength- ening our whole Canadian economy. The length of time it will take to turn disadvant- ages to advantages will largely depend upon the amount of team work which may be de- veloped between agriculture and those bran- ches of credit service, manufacturing and merchandising dealing with farmers, toward marketing problems. credit problems and other obstacles to the smooth performance of the new agriculture.

EDITORIAL NOTES

Somerset Maugham, noted English novel- ist and playwright, born this date, 1874. His semi-autoblographal novel, "Of Human Bond- age", is highly rated, but perhaps his best - work is contained in his shorter stories and social satires.

' The decision of the Dundas Plowing Match Association to inaugurate a Maritime Championship class at next fall's fair will be welcomed by all plow enthusiasts. The ' more the merrier. Glen Morrisey, the 20- year-old 1954 champion; will meet all com- ers gladly-win or lose. They will have to be good to beat him or any of the other In- land champions.

' In 1952, one out of every two persons killed in railway accidents died at highway" crossings. One hundred and thirty-three out of 185 deaths occurred where these crossings were unprotected. At the end of 1952, 71.1 per cent of urban and 93.5 per cent of rural crossings had no protection, except for the familiar "cross-arms" that we have seen from time immemorial, and to which many people pay little heed.

Dairy farmers may have every reason in the world to send representatives to Ottawa ”to demonstrate on Parliament Hill”, as sug-

eratlon of Agriculture. It is doubtful, how- ever, that that sort of thing would have any goodeffect. Somehownltdoeanotaeemto . fit well with farmers. Thar! mint be better ways pf bringing their just grievances to the

geated by the secretary of the Ontario Ped- on

"Auld Lang Syne" is generally referred to as the best known, best loved, and most often sung of all Burn's songs. At this season of the year. it is safe to say that millions of men and women raise their voices and link arms and hands to the beat of its immortal tune. The song has become a univer- sal expression of nostalgic longimz and tender sentiment throughout the British Commonwealth and America, and. indeed, wherever Scots and "English-speaking" folk meet to see the Old Year out and the New Year in. But. even more. Syne” lective song-rite of innumerable other reunions. family gatherings. and all kinds of social and con- vivial occasions on land and sea and In the air.

Yet how many of the millions who sing or attempt to sing ”Auld Lang Syne" know its 24 lines by heart. or could give the meaning of the two final stanzas?

I recall that. only a few months back. a Scottish bank agent. and a Writer to the Signet were unable to explain the line, "And we'll tak a right guld-willie waught." One guessed that It meant "a hand- shake of good fellowship," and the other. ”a hearty expression of goodwill." Yet I am sure they never missed the feeling underlying the words.

Well, the world may as well know the sense of what it sings. So I rendered. for the benefit of some Scots and all Sassenachs. the line as "And we'll take a right good hearty drink."

0

"Auld Lang

when I came to the other con- vivial lines. ”And surely ye'll be ynur pint-stowp. And surely I'll be mine" (meaning. "And surely ye'll be your own tln measure capable of holding two quarts English. And surely I'll be mine"). I took my courage In both hands and rendered them. ”And ye shall stand a round or two. And surely I'll do mine"-a simple idiom of the convivial spirit that all friendly souls instantly understood without benefit of glossaries.

The origins of "Auld Lang Syne". however. are almost as fascinating as the guld braid Scots of the text. There were several earlier vers- ions. written long before Burns was born.

One, quoted by Allan Ramsay from I-Ierd'I "Ancient and Modern Scottish Songs.” uses the famous first line and part of the immortal refrain in its opening stanza. Should auld

forgot.

Tho' they return with scars? These are the noble hero's lot,

Obtalnld in glorious wars: Welcome. my Vow, to my breast.

Thy arms about me twind,

And make me once again as bloat,

As I was Inna sync.

C O i

We recognize hero authentic touc” of folk-mlnlltrclay, over- laid though they are with genteel sentiment. That is true. also. of a second version. in Watson's "Choice Collection," the which appeared In 1706, the year

atann reads: Should old forgot.

And never thought upon.

The Flames of Love extinguished. And freely past and gone?

cold. - In that Loving Breast of thine.

on Old-long-sync? . In their broadsheet which was

new ballad. entitled 'Old Syne! Newly corrected and

of several excellent love Ilnaa."

lI'I:IIlIC M

Wlantlonofthecanadlanpeople.

has become the final col-

acqualntance be

first volume . of before the Act of Union. The first Acqualntance be

In thy kind Heart now grown so

That thoucanat never once reflect

centenary edition. Henley and Henderson quote a Watson's original: "An Excellent and proper

Ldnl amend-

ed. with a large and new ndluon

than Scoltish. until. I788, Burns wrote from Ellisland to his friend Mrs. Dunlop. com- municating what we now regard as his first version. the opening verse and refrain reading: Should auld acquaintance be forgot. , And never thought upon? Let's hae a fwaught o' Malaga. For auld lang syne. For auld lang sync. my )0, For auld lang sync, Lets hae a waught 'o Malaga For auld lang syne. VA swig.) The verses that -followed. though in a different order. were lsubslantlally as we know them to-

lday. If we are puzzled why Burns chose a foreign wine for the cele-

-bration. we are even more mystified by his comment: "Light. lbe the turf on the breast of the .heavcn-inspired poet who com- posed this glorious fragment!"

' Obviously. the Scottish elements in the old much-tinkered song ldeeply attracted Burns. He must 'have savoured the magic phrases on his poetic palate until. five years later and three years before he died. he sent the final version ito George Thomson. the music pub- lisher. remarking that ”the air is but mediocre. but the following lsnng. the song of the olden times land which has never been in print 'nor even In manuscript. until I ltook it'down from an old man's lsinging, is eno 'r to recommend lany air."

l The "mediocre air" was rejected by Thomson in favour of the mel-

ody with which the words are

7Ae K7 7oe&'&-mm

T0 ROBERT BURNS

Had we two met. blithe-hearted Burns,

Though water is my daily drink.

May God forgive me. but I think

We should have roared our toasts by turns.

Inquisitive low whispering cares Had found no room In either pate. Until I asked thee. rather late. '1: there a handrail to the stain?

--Walter Savage Landor. ......m......-..m-:-.-

now indissolubly linked. and both words and music were printed for the first time in Thomaonls "Scot- tish Airs" In 1790. three years after the poet's death.

We need not pay too much re.- gard to Burn”: implicit denials of authorship. He was too fine an artist to wish to claim as his own lines that were rooted in the glori- ous paat of Scottish song.

None but he, however. could have achieved the evocative perfection of the two poignant middle verses, "We twn he run about the brace" ahd ”We twa hae paidlet I' the burn" or expressed no memorably the convivial lines already quoted. He had taken the re-made frag- ments of an old folk song and worked upon them lovingly until at last his singing aense was satis- fled.

The phrases. "auld acquaintance" and ”auld lang syne." remained. blown upon with the breath of his genius, so that, In singing them. cach successive generation recovers the memory of joys that seem to pass but yet remain eternal In the experience of mankind.

Dr. Lacleiinsl(y's Trials

Questions concerning the loyalty of civil servants and measures for rcslsting Communist infiltration have been troubling American lead- era for many months. The Senate condemnatoln of McCarthy was a mark of the disgust. which his crude mthods of investigation had provoked in the minds of many thoughtful citizens. But. that such execesses are not. confined to the legislative arm of government is being painfully demonstrated In some of the dismissals which the excutlve has ordered. The Op- penheimer, Davies and Condon cases have alarmed many people who wonder if the ndminisla-at.lon's whole security program has not gotten out of hand. or else become a political weapon by which the Republicans hope to establish them- selves as the only vigilant defend- ers against. the Communist men-

ICC.

But nothing the administration has done can rank with the Lade- jinsky use in spreading confusion and concern about the whole secur- ity program. Like John Paton Dav- ies. Dr. Ladejlnsky has been in the civil service a long time. having joined the Agriculture Department In 1935. Over the years he built an outstanding reputation. and after the war wal sent to Japan to head the land reform program which the occupation forces were setting up. His service: In this field were widely praised as being! highly In- strumental in forest: in. Com- munlam, and he received Ipecinl recognition from General MacAr- thur and from the Japanese gov- arnment. In I060 he became uri- cultunl attache at Tokyo under the State Department and he passed through the security probe: which have recently grown common that department. But. there was no question of Ladclinakrs loyalty and he was fully cleared even by Scott Mncbeod. the apeclal accur- lly officer whole appointment wan to comforting to those who feared clmununin Infiltration of the Amerlqn xave:nme.nt.

This has an arm-pumping refrain ' ' M I” W --rev ggfgnvr-Y-3; ..lri"ei'nc't'lrii"-l3n'I3"nl'e'n"o'3"t?.'1

Diva:-tment of Agriculture and

, The Age Old Slam,

my Heath Mlcqunrrle

three days before Christmas that department. announced that Dr. Ladejlnsky had failed to meet. security requirements. Powerful members of both parties im- mediately ralsed angry protests over the action and the Elsenhowe. administration found itself facing a most embarrrnsslnz situation. In which one of its department: had cleared a man on security grounds and another found him A risk. The Secretary of Agriculture was in a most uncomfortable position and one which became even more so when some of his officials were accused of anti-Semltlsm in con- nection wlth some aspects of the case. Although the- department made public the facts from Dr. Lndejlnaky'a life which caused concern. they y. " ” t” which had not been investigated by the State department and been common knowledge for many years. some of the incriminating facts dealt with Ladelinakfs birth in Russia. his two sisters still in residence there. his work II a translator for I Ruulnn trade agency In,New York when he was putting himself through colleu. But all of this was known to the Agriculture department all along and had been when It conferred upon Ladellnsky Its superior ur- vlce award. "

So neat n furore was raised over lhe affair that the Eisenhower ad- ministration sought to make speedy amend; and minimize the effects of the blunder. with White-Home approval. and partner, pruldlnl. Hr. Harold Stauen o the Fogslx operations Administration a , ced that Dr. LnddIn,:.k: has been appointed to handle d reform for his department In South. V t

In Nam, that sensitive area whim

wut hopes to keep ' from ulna Communist. Hr. Italian. says he has gone carefully over Indefin- skrn rrecord and gives him full clearance. . . H. .

And Dr. ladeflnaky Is he k "-3.3: ---it-.. ....... ...Z. c aerv cannot tt'n"fXhu-aumauin '- or counter ails

- l of Qua '

. ' 1 . 51' II

a , in . wind at of

henna: almost an

Md If it

' I

There are any reasons for a 5-

' year census: Canada It experienc-

ing one of the fastest Increase: in population of any country In the world. Buying habits are shifting npl with the quick Improve- ment living standards and popu- lation. Business benefit: when It has ,. ' knowledge of the market and perhaps a 10-year cen- .sua in no longer enough for this purpose. .. Ottawa Citizen.

The oaralennnsee of others In a prime menace on the highway. Many a driver - the sort who moves over and lives narrow mind: a wide road - in exasper- ated by the knowledge that any accident likely to befall him will be the result of the reckless driving of other motorists. A truck driver summed It up when he said: "I always drive as If everyone else on the road was crazy." - Port. Elgin Times. I