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"The strongest memory 5 weaker I1 the weakest link."

TUESDAY. AUGUST vfisst

New Manifesto ln scrapping its 19153 Regina Manifesto the C.(.'.F. has shown pol ticul asiuteness as well as a good uutlcrstunding of the role of eco- nomic forces in a free soceiy. Draft Committee clieiirmziii David Lewis stated the situation softly when he referred to the former tT.('.F. illwill towards cap tallsm as ”pol'.tically troublesome". lie might have added that it was one of the things which would have made a national social- ist government in this country an utter tmpossibilty. A determination to ”eradicate capitalism" may have been attractive to a lot of prospec- tive C.C.F. members in 1933; today it is without the sl'ghtest appeal. For one thing, capitalism has been divested, by one means or another, of most of its old-time terror; for another, most persons have invest- ments of some sort and, to that ex- tent, are "capitalists". g. f Similarly, the new manifesto is

, on safe ground in stating that "private profit must be subordinate to social planning”. This is 'simply putting into words a view held al- most universally; and not only held but advanced by practically all poli- tical groups. In this respect there is hardly any difference between the - qt Liberal approach and the Conserva- tive one. It is merely a question of which side would be the more like- ly to carry it out wisely. Now that the C.C.F. has dropped its "eradi- cation" program, its political prin- ciples have come so close to those of the other parties that ways and means of implementing them, rather . than any special qualities they may

.i possess, will decide their impact on 9 ., public opinion. This may disappoint 1' the few doctrinalre socialists who

i are still around; but it will greatly increase the national prospects of 4. the C.C.F.; and that, it may be pre- L sumed, is the matter of chief con- cern to its leaders.

Forward And Backward

The late Sir James Jeans, emin- ent British scientist, once stated this view: "As inhabitants of the earth we are living in the very beginning of time. We have come into being in the fresh glory of dawn, and a day of almost unthinkable l e n g t h stretches before us with unimagin- able opportunities for accomplish- ment. Our descendants of far-off ages, looking down this long vista of time from the other end, will see our age as the misty morning of the .world's history; our contemporaries of today will appear as dim heroic figures who fought their way through jungles of ignorance and error to discover truth, to learn how to harness the forces of na- ture, to make a world worthy of mankind to live in". i That cheerful prophecy may yet come true. There is hardly any doubt of it, in a material sense, that is, provided that all the prob- lems associated with nuclear force can be overcome; otherwise, of course, the prophecy must. fall. In any event, it is interesting to note that a contrary view is now being seriously considered in certain scien- tific circles. This view, in brief, is that man has reached the zenith of the evolutionary process, and from now on will go backward towards . Bavagery. Proponents of this argu- ment say that many times in the course of millions of years man has reached the point of maximum power and then, having turned that. power on himself-as he seems likely to do in the case of nuclear energy-reverted to his primitive pptntz. only to Itart Ill over again in an endless series of progrus and -I

to back it up; on the other hand there is nothing to disprove it. And, if there is one fact of modern times, of which every living person must be aware, it is that the time has come when man must use his new- found power for the good of the race, or these powers will turn and ultimately destroy the race-or, it may be, set it back to where it was in the very beginning of its upward climb. It is a frightening thought- but one that is being discussed more and more as the atomic age goes forward that, even if war can be avoided in the future. there could easily be enough uncontrolled and uncontrollable radioactivity from the industrial use of the new power to mutilate the human species, over a long period of time, beyond Tet cognition.

- Island Chautauqua

The seven children from this Province who attended the Gael.c College s u m m e r school at - St. Anne's, Cape Breton, have had a most enjoyable and valuable ex- perience. It is a rare privilegq,,in- deed to receive instruction in dan-' cing and piping from dstinguished Scottish teachers.

This Province is so deeply steep- ed in Highland traditions that it might be a good idea, if it were pos- sible, to establish a summer SCh00l here, somewhat after the fashion of the American Chautauqua Which. having originated in a WNPW YOTK town of that name, has now spread to a number of the more prominent summer tourist resorts from Maine to Oregon. Over the years these in- stitutions have developed into large scale cultural organizations giving access to the best in theatrical pro- ductions, music, lectures, and var- ious modes of high-class entertain- ment. As tourist attractions they are considered very highly; many thousands of holiday-makers travel to the towns where they are con- ducted just for the purpose of tak- ing advantage of the opportunities they afford for cultural enioyment in pleasant scenic surroundings.

There is ample talent here, sure- ly, to warrant some such pro- gramme with a special . Scottish flavour. It would, of course, have to be on a smaller scale than the Am- erican plan. at least to begin with. But, with the co-operation of all in- terested persons it could be done. What better advertisement for the Province could there be than a well- planned school dedicated to the fine arts of dancing and piping, and Per- haps in due course to the study of Gaelic which, unfortunately, has de- clined in recent years, as far as Is- landers are concerned. These arts deserve to be preserved in all their glory. An ”Island Chautauqua" would certainly be one way of dram- atizing their importance. It would be good for our summer visitors and very good indeed for ourselves.

EDITORIAL NOTES

The Quebec caisses populaires have rendered a public service by pointing out to the Commons Bank- ing Committee the dangers as well as the advantages involved in con- sumcr credit. Frugality is still an

economic principle of worth. I I 0 Congratulations to Mr. Tre- maine Lea. native Islander now living in British Columbia, who

celebrated his l00th birthday anni- versary on Sunday last. Now if he could visit the place of his birth. his centennial joy would be complete. C O 0

'Most of us would find either a bout. of influenza or a dental infec- tion a very weakening experience. The fact that Mr. Drew, leader of the Opposition, has come out of both indispositions with nothing more serious than a "feeling of tiredness"-his own words-is proof of his physical sturdiness. All Cana- dians, regardless of their political views, will wish him a restful period of recuperation. '

O I O

' External Affb?rs Minister Pear- son's advice to the Western na- tions not to indulge in "a competi- tive auction sale with the Soviet Union" in giving aid to underde- veloped countrles will be approved by most Cnmldlans. Economic aid to these countries is desirable and neceIIIry..But there ,1: such: th'ng economic ability Ilegtrdless of - Ii . my or may not

pduoipiuor this coun- ag ,. t .

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POSSIBLE UNFOR.ESEN DEVELOPMENTS"

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Suez Canal: The Real Issue

By W. N. Ewer United Kingdom Information Office

The rcal issue in the situation that has arisen as a consequence of the Egyptian Government's nat- innalizalion of the Suez Canal Company and its assets is not that of the Act of Nationalization twelve years before the date when the Canal wouuld have passed to Egyptian ownership under the terms of the concession. It is the safeguarding of the free use of the canal as an international wai- erway.

This question of the use of waterways which lat link two open seas and lb) lie within the territory or territorial waters of I single state is no new one.

They are of two classes. There are the natural straits: and there are artificial canals. Both have been the subject of agreements, disputes and discussions.

Denmark for over three centur- ies regarded ihe Danish section of the Sound (which is a narrow entry from the West to the Bal- tic Scat national property and levied dues on all shipping pas- sing ihrough it. Maritime nations frequcntly disputed this right and called for freedom of passage of the Sound as an international wal- erway. Settlcment was reached In 1857. It is interesting to note that it was reached by a conference of countries whose shipping most- ly used the route. Denmark ac- cepted the principle of free pas- sage and received 4 million pounds as compensation for the loss of dues.

QUESTION OF "STRAITS"

More famous is the question of tin: "Straits"-the Dardanelles and the Bosphorus which lie whol- 13' in Turkish waters. Turkey's right to their unrestricted control was challenged as soon as the Black Sea became an internat- ional "High Sea”-instead of I "Turkish Lake". it was the sub- ject of bitter Rllsso-Turkish and Anglo-Russian conflict for more than a century. The complex Mon- lreaux Convention of i936. which laid down the present rulcs nf pas- sage can be denounced by one signatory which gives two years notice. But the "principle of freedom of lrnnsit and navigation by we in the Straits" is In con- tinue ”wtthnut limit of time".

5" WWI Wizard to ”nntural" in- ternational waterways the accept. ed principle is quite clear. The power within whose territory they he has no right to restrict freedom of transit. unless such restrictions are specifically provided for in international conventions.

The same principle has been ac. Cvnled as npplyimz in man-made canals which join two open 5933, It is laid down in the Suez Canal convention of 1888 in the case of the Panama Canal. ii is incorporn. led In the Anglo-American treaty of 1901. "The canal shall be free and oven to vessels of commerce and of war of all nations on term, 0' N"irt' enualit.v'”. ”Conditlons and charges of traffic shall be JUN and equitable".

ANTIIER CASE

So there is no question that if "'9 Elyniian Government were to restrict freedom of pggsagg through the canal or wan to im- pose conditions or chnrges which ""0 Unjust or inequitable it W""'d 59 Vlolatinz what is now I gt-nerallyinccepted principle.

There has already bean one egg. which now assumes wider import. ance .thIn III the time. It iI Ezypis denial of CIIII pIssIge either to Israeli shipping or to shipping bound for ungu 'po.-g., The Egypilun Government claim- ed on several occulbin on which "19 matter came heft!" the Unit- sd N-Nona 59WI'lty,Counctl lint this did not ronstlttlm infringe- ment of the Canal conventions, But that view wary: Icqgpfgd DY members of tho ll-with the exception off R wnosi ll-

ilude WI! Imbigoollliri

no judicial decision on these points. tBut. the wording of the Convention seems quite plain. It provides that the Canal shall be "free and open in time of war as in time of peace". And although Egypt's right to take measures for its own defence in the Canal area is reserved. it is expressly stipulated that these must not interfere with the free use of the Canal."

Even if there had not been this example of the possibilities, the question must sooner or later have presented itself. It is now raised, though indirectly, by the national- ization of the Canal which gives the Egyptian Government com- plete control over its working.

it is whether the mere exist- ence of an international agree- ment which can in fact be violat- ed or even denounced by the po- wer ierritoriIliy in control, pro- vides In adequate guarantee of the free me of I vitally tm. portant international waterway. Should there not be some kind of international control, some body acting in the capacity of trustee for the users RESTRICTIONS ON SOVEREIGN RIGHTS

It is true that the establishment of such I system would involve acceptance by Egypt of some re- striction on its sovereign rights over I small portion of its ter- ritory. But many countries now accept as in their own Idvantage restrictions on soverelgh rights without regarding this In in any way an infringement of their sovereignly. Specifically, there are international controls of nIvlgIt- ion of international river water- wlpya like the Rhine and the Dan- u e.

There should therefore be It any rate I possibility of agree- ment along these lines though the difficulties are obviously very great. And it seems, that there in also I strong case for calm and considered reconslderanlon. perhaps by the United Nations. of the whole subject of laws Ind customs applicable to internation- al waterways.

OUR YESTERDAY)

From The Guardian Filen

TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO. (Aug. 7. 1931)

Mr. John H. Coiwill, Kings- ton, P.E.l., Provincial Grand Aud- itor of the Royal Orange Associa lion leaves for Winnipeg today to attend the annual meeting of the Grand Orange Lodge of British America.

Last night it was announced that the Lea Government was de- feated and the Conservatives und- er Hon. J.D. Stewart were return- ed in the P.E.l. general elections.

TEN YEARS AGO (Aug. 7. 1946)

Mr. W.E. Massey has been ap- pointed Deputy Provincial Treas- urer. III is succeeded in his for- mer position as Provincial Audi- for by Mr. H.R. Carruthers. Lieut- Col. C.J. Stewart. who was ac!- ing Provincial Deputy Treasur- er remains as clerk of the Execu- tive Council. in addition he is "uccessions Duty Officer.

Members of the Phalanx Fra- ternity and Phiai Sorolty of the Y.M.C.A. held a weekend camp It. Holland Cove camp, site with Mr. Ind Mrs. Arthur Duvnr as chap- erones. l

The SS. Lorne Park. of the Can- adian Steamship Lines docked It Buntain and Bell's wharf at 2 o'- clock yesterday morning.

MAXIMS

The weakest spot. in every mil II where he tblnkn himself I0 is the wisest.

SAYS SPORTS VITAL

NORTH BAY, Ont. (CP)-Ed- ward lMoosel Krause, athletic director of Notre Dame Univer- sity, South -Bend. lnd., Sunday night told 500 Scollard Hall ban- quet guests sports form I vital factor in youthful development. "Sports is anpintcgral part of the school curriculum. It is the most important factor in the develop- ment of I sound mind and sound body for our youngsters." he said.

House Of Many Complaints -

By Eric Gottgetnn AIIocl.Ited Preu, Jensnlom

JERUSALEM (AP( - On the border between the lsrIell' and Jordan sections of Jerusalem is the "House of I thousnnd com- plalnts."

its thick wIlls give consider- able protection against the sum- mer sun but little Igainst the heat. of debate that goes on inside.

The house is the heIdquIrie 2. of the Jordan-Israel mixed Irm stice commission entn bllshed eight. years ago under auspices of the United Nations truce Iupervtuon orgnn'. tlon, now hended by MIL- Gen. E. L. M. BurnI of Canadl. Once or twice I week two Jur- dIn and two Israeli Irmy officer! the chairmanship of

tablish ibllily for I boirdl incident.)

Usuall It party has lodud I complli ccuxlng the '

ers . In most clsesallalillh the flcllfbllt the two IldCl'l'Hi! agree flu! this evidence II corms!- when emulating motion In Bub- mmed. the chIlrI'nIn cut: III 69-

nnnlly. boll: pIrtlcI than Ic- cop! the verdict consul-lndr one side or the noun. or an-both sides: Ooculonll out 3 Il- legeo can the cm III eh uljd.

across the table, with the chair- man at the head.

The Syrian - lsracli and Leb- anese-lsracli commissions at or- ganized much like the Jordan- laracli . mmisslon, and convene It places close to those borders. The Eizyptlan-lsrnell commission hasn't met for almost in year he- cnuse of inability to agree upon I meeilnll place.

Complaints come In Ilmnst daily. Routine complaints involv- ing small incidents are filed until I bncklog of several hundred has Iccumulated. Then,.one day when mood. they are wiped off the both sides are in I conciliatory Igendn by mutual agreement.

After serious incident the com- mission calls -In emergency meet.- ing In Ioon as an investigation re- port by UN observer: is ready. Usually two or more observers g to the plIce of lilo club from t Isrldl -side Ind two from, the Ann Ilde, an evidence from rnlltury Ind civlllnn eyowluucul Ind make I thorough IxImlnItlII

of the Iren. t lt'I In open ucslion whethc the commission Ive contrl.-II

much to leucnglng boron" Inel- CIIII.

llrelllelllllllllllld

I lgnut the her bIby'I bend. Ilnybo tbll t ubilns. you rl bi now. P OPERJRAP '

There Ire; of course. mnny causes for the vIrlItlonI in.

had is fairly pliable Ind you my be able to help IbIpI your cblld'I bud into ltI proper form. - '

I don't want you pushing, prou- lng Ind Iqueexlng. I hope I don't have to tell you win! bum cIn be done by. Inch foolish Ictlonl.

But prenuu Ind position In great lactoru. Ilnce III the ImIll boneI have not united in I young lnlunt'I head: During the out two or three rnontlu I bIby'I bud increuu in circumference Ibout one inch I month. . CHANGE rosrrioh

By making Iure that your lil- by'I position in his crib is changed often enough, you can help mold his bud properly.

If your baby's crib is next to I wall, he naturally will Ittempt to tum toward the noises he bear: in the room. To prevent him from lying on one side of his head con- tinually, simply turn him or the cm Iround periodically. Thin give: the baby an incentive to change the pressure points.

There's another thing which sometimes worries new mothers. The eyes of many babies water and discharge Ihorily Ifter birth. Usually this is due to I chemical irritation from the medicine thnt is put into every baby's eyes II soon as he is born.

EYES WATER

Occasionally one eye will con- tinue to water. This is generally caused by the plugging of the small duct that drains the team and secretions from the eye to tho nose.

The condition cag usually be corrected simply by pressing gen- tly with the small finger in the corner of the eye toward the non. The opening of this little duct II in the edge of the lower lid in the corner of the eye.

If light presure doesn't. cleIr the duct. and tearing continues. better tell your doctor. QUESTION AND ANSWER

V.M.: Can I baby be delivered successfully by Caesnrean sect.- ion once the mother has died?

Answer: Many cases have ten reported in which I living by has been delivered by Caesarean section after the mother'I death.

The Age Old Story

Exnclneu in little duties II I wonderful Iource of cbeerfnlncn.

I SKETCH

In the shadow of the bIrn Beside the brook

A painter in I stained blue smock Reflects before his easel.

He tips I brush with umber

And careful II I lnrmer

Plants the apple tree

in black earth Ind gold Iun.

He steps bIck. Iqulniu, reiui-nI And Iprenda the green bougbs On I cloud.

The blossoms bud and open,

A few fall to the grass.

so swift

The growing of that Mny-time

tree!

The painter does not know That on the cInvII of my eyes Tree and cloud BIrn Ind brook ' include him too.

-Bcren Van Slyke. in the New York llerIld Tribune.

New Montgomery

Lucy Maud Montgomery- will long be remembered II the writer who brought to life Anne of Gr Gables. the girl when ' , ' and drums appealed to random young and old.-

Now. in "the Itory of L. M. Montgomery. Rye:-Ion ll lidI M. Rldley has produced In enter- taining blogrnpby pl the Prince EdwIrd Island writer who died It Toronto in 1912. on em feel the presence of "Anne" Ind her kin- dred spirits in this Itory of MlII Montgomery.

It show: I modest pcnon dedi- cIted to the liner thin of life; one who la.-Irned curly t IIIppl- ncu in round in the love of pcoplo Ind Inlure. in the cnltlvntlon of the lmlllnuton. . ,

Miss Bldley. nIuvo of spnru. 0ni.. Iuihar of two prevloun books Ind Irtlclu in vIrlouI porlodlaln o I that "Anne" reflected MIII

.l'l:;al:aIt-1! in will

, setting up I committee to make I

- comprehensive

Expolllor

II I' Mluldlll, ton flu "pollu- mel CI!-Illlt mumpl till tlu sum time. Yet then In complIlnfI tint -policemen never-4 cnlcb Iuy. thing.-OIliIIvI Tlrnges-Gnettdt

Pall! III't law to go II III! for drunk driving II Ionic in I becmdolng lntely. All the II I tqdp II to breIk up I-lip co bin...

tlon tint gen them in trouble... .

Port Arthur Newrchronlclo .

A conlompornry expressed ur- prlae tint mou girlI close their eyel wlien they Ire klued. No- body who hII beheld the Ive:-In male humnn nose It I run of one incl: to hIlf an inch will wish it otherwise.-Peterbourougl: Ex- Imlner

Our forelntbcrl in I861 didn't know how to make democracy dy- nnmlc. They went IheId Ind or- gnnlzed Confederation, inIl.:Id of

preliminary Itudy of in need for I lllWG)'-eEdmon- ton Journal .

We Ire not surprlned to learn that the Iecondnry Icbools of the British educnllon system contain no "Blackboard jungle,” that no teacher has been knlfed, beaten or otherwise Isnulied. Official surveryu show that while. "there may be some weeds" there is no "Jungle" in the American sense The British tend to respect Ill authority. The English teacher has Iuthority Ind I strnp, Isseu which ten to dlupell "blackboard jungles" too ardent young IIvIges.-Inndon Free Preu

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