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PAGE TWO

O“ THE 51500.4

~14 SA TURDA Y PEA TURF-

IMPROVEMENT IN EDUCATION

mi: cnaniioggpgwu GUARQIAN

TIONAL HORIZON

PRESENTING NEWS AND VIEWS OF INTEREST T0 TEACHERS AND ALL OTHERS SEEKING

THE FORMATION OF DESIRABLE PATTERNS OF CONDUCT

.. The direction of one'a life fr andblweakegtlyglkl d ‘l .- . avoura e a an mena with a decreasing amount of super health. s. Freedom "om “new essary emotional conflicts and dis- iiner control based upon intelli- ltgrbancesi n; The lhiblg; ‘gt-meg- l g tempa on resou ey, ect g L’ Habits o’. good workmanship energy into wholesome channels

ind pride in successful achieve- and inhibiting undesirable iient. 3. The habit of co-operat- pulses. 10. Habits of thrift in the use of time and energy as well as

vision and an increasing amount oi

gent purpose.

iig willingly with others and oi’

ierlvi g satisfaction therefrom. 4. of money.

rl‘ bl

Pl (

iii; l,'f‘lli‘l'llll.~l\' IMYHTKI the yoiing- dation of morality is destroyed.

truthfulness, eiinobled by

cheerful service to others: ylillliiil of services received.

.11‘? ill riuht. iind of aet-

acts of Justice, fair play. In every school and in every _ alas there are countless opportun- iliiitiglitfulncss. 5. Habitual ities for the exercise oi desirable of rottrtesy and good man- traits. In the development of character there is no substitute for consistent right conduct. When it of tieiiiig courageous- actions fail i0 measure up to knowledge and intention. the foun-

INSECTS

maneu- an nnall creatures hav-‘some insects than h others. M- liit lllnll" bothes" divided Into tlireeiler ill-ta?" Teach the adult . - ~ m‘, ubdolnpxldllltflv do not grow any larger

’ ‘ _ Their growth takes place during “Til m" m" ha” their larval or nymplial stages.

There are usually four stages in the life of an insect: these are the egg, the larva. the pupa and the adult or imtigo. But in some orders there are only three stages: these are the egg, the nymph, and the adult. During the growing sizige of an insect's life it under- goes a number of moults: a new soft skin is formed under the old

Normally insect

x i.l

~ t-"Ill

ii! legs-mover more. ~ mouth and eyes the i pair of jointed feel- diiiennae. The thorax zicned to i: the I -s and have two 1 : bu‘. there are lnw l\ that never h.id \\'lll[IS; oth- zhit have degenerated until . lost their irings: and in one iiitier, the Dipterd, there is only will.‘ p.iir of functional wings. the Il'I' ;i.iir linviiii: been reduced to

nos of mouths are found ts illii‘ adapted for biting and the other for sucking. In- " do no‘. breathe through their s but through openings in ' sidcs Their blood is color- Ii ~, They hive nerves and can ~ jov and pain the some as or livine‘ crctiiiires. Their inus-, <1» vlis are en tlzc inside. their skcIe-fcrops, 421 destroying forest trees ‘ens on the outside. of their bod-‘and timber, <3) doing damage ics. This skeleton is formed of a stored foods, clothing, etc.. once called chitin ikitinl. It

hard one. which is cast aside.

sub is riiiicli harder and thicker iiierind 15> inflicting painful bites.

LITERATURE (The Story Of Gareth and Linei)

Note the simplicity of the Persant.

language. and the vigour of the miles. sir George Cox makes us .it we are back in the days o! A hur, standing among his. Answer: Because Lancelot and IGZIWIIIXIB had slain the brother of

feel i

knights.

l llfhat was Gareih's first re-

quest?

Answer: That he have food and

lodging for one year.

2. What was Garetlrs second re- Y I

quis :\ll.~'\\'(‘l‘.' That he be allowed to on to the rescue of the unknown

Lidv

iif-What was Gareth's third re-

quest?

Answer: That he be Knighted by

Sir Lancelot.

i, What battle deeds did Sir fldrcili perform on his ivay to the

nistle of the Red Lawns?

Ansiver: Defeated Sir Kay; held own against Sir Lancelot; kil- i i the six thieves; overcame the "NI! Knights at the ford: killed lie Knieht of the Black Lawn: iverciime the Green Knight and 'hc Red Knight; overcame Sir

KEEP COOK

i What do we mean by keep- iii: cooking dishes clean? Ans; “Iisliing them cnrefullv in hot \i.iicr ZlllCI soap until all food is

removed from them,

3. Wliy is it important to keep tliciii clean? Answer: Because we eiii. food that has been cooked in tiieiii and it of course must be

clean.

I1. What do you use when wash- ing dishes? Answer: Plenty of I")! water and soap. and clean

d1 towels.

4 After they have been well wished. ivliat do you do? Answer: Ilinsv snap off of them and dry thciii we‘! iriih n clean dry towel.

Besides kcrpinu cooking dishes elezin. ivlint else should we kcep in mind? Answer: After we have dishes well cleaned we must re- member to put them in a clean

cupboard.

6 \Vli_v do we need to be more careful with cooking dishes after

TOOTH

Our tooth brushes are carefully made. They are kept clean be- cause anything that goes in our mouth must be clean. The bristles rirc stiff so they’ can do good work when they are put to work on our teeth. When you buy a tooth brush be sure you get one that is vsrapped in cellophane. They are wrapped in this paper to keep out ciiist and germs If the people who rmkc the brushes are so careful (ll the brush until we get it. we must be careful of them after- wards. After you brush your teeth wash the brush and put it in n place where it will dry and not in ii place where it will get dust We must remember always that those brushes go in your

m‘. if.

COMBATING

The progress in the fight against diphtheria has been accomplish- ed through three medical tri- umphs. <1» the use of zintitoxln. <2i the perfecting of a test of immunity", lilld (3) the use of toxoid or toxln-antitoxin in pro- duciiig immunity. The use of anti- toxln in the treatment of diph- tlicria became general in 1894. Be- fore that time from 30 to 50 per cent of all who contracted diph- theria died. Now through the use of iintitoxin, the disease is

fatal to only a small percentage.

The person who has contracted diphtheria can in most cases be

cured by injections of the anti-

loxin. usually into the muscle or

in severe cases into both a muscle and a. vein. It is important that the treatment be begun as early rs possible, since the ontitoxin has ass effect the longer the disease has run. The reason is that the antitoxin makes the toxin harm- less as it is produced by the bac- teria. But if the toxin had an opportunity to com-bine with vari- ous tissues. especially those of the heart, then the antitoxin can- not repair the damage already done. It can, however. prevent fur- ther damage. The antitoxin is pre-

5. Why had the Knight of the Red Lawns murdered all the

Knights who came against him?

his lady love.

6. What was the great virtue in the ring which Liones gave to Gareth?

Answer: He who wore it should

lose no blood: and it continually

changed the color oi his armour.

7. Did Llones love Gareth.

Answer: Liones loved Gareth et first sight and before she knew who he was.

a. What do you think of the use of numbers of colours. of proper names, of times and distances in this story?

Answer: These made the story more vivid and gave a touch of

detract from the interest and ivnuld rob it of the Early Middle Age effect which the author trys so well to give it.

ING DISHES

using some foods than others. Answer: Some foods have strong- er flavour, or taste than others as fish, onions.

7. How should we wash foods of this kind? Answer: Wash them in hot soorpy water twice and then scald them well.

(SEAT WORK)

Write false if you think the sentence is not correct and true if you think it is correct.

1. We do not need to washdiahes every day. 2. Wash dishes with soapy water once a week. 8. We should keep all cooking dishes clean. 4. We have to be more care- ful with some cooking dishes than others. 5. We should never scald dishes. 6. Use clean towels for drying dishes. 7. We should wash dishes once a day. 8. Use hot wat- er when washing dishes. 9. Keep dishes in a clean cupboard.

BRUSH

mouth and must be as clean as the food we eat.

(SEAT WORK) DRAW A TOOTH BRUSH

Fill ln the blanks using the following words: d clean. brush, paste. dog's, pow- er.

2. When we smile we want to show -—- teeth.

3. We clean our teeth with a ———- and

l4. Our tooth must be c n

ea . 5. We must wash our —-- as well as our teeth.

. We want our teeth to look as clean as the teeth.

DIPHTHERIA

pared from horse serum. Diph- theria toxin is gradually increas- ing but harmless amounts is in- jected into a healthy young horse. The cells of the horse immediate- ly begin to manufacture antitoxin to render the toxin harmless.

without, injury to the animal. The clot containing the blood corpus- cles is removed, leaving the clear serum containing the antitoxin. Some of this serum mixed with toxin is injected into a healthy guinea pig. If the pig lives. the serum is considered ready for use with human beings. In 1913 the Schick test was introduced. By means of this test it is possible to determine whether a person Is im- mune to diphtheria. A small dose

,oi the dightheria toxin is inject-

ed beneat the skin. If the

Good habits

1m-

stage

Some insects live lonely individ- uiil lives; others live and work to- gether in communities and are re- ferred to as social in habit. In-, sects may be either beneficial to man or very harmful. They may benefit man by (l) destroying 1n- jurlous insects. <2) pollinating flow- ers. 13) providing him with some useful commodity. such as honey nr cncliiiieal. They harm man by destroying food and other

t0 (43 carrying or communicating disease,

4 D0 NOT SAY

longe

about the matter.

new to me. i

trouble about their exercises. win

you. with them.

the masses.

prenticeship was shortened. i

convention iii

1. We must keep our teeth —-. j,

a great bridge crossed the Wa

River. Before the bridge could be blown up, American forces circled the town, crossed the stream in assault boats and jerked out de- molition charges. up from the south and poured in- faritry and armour across. German resistance proved so stubborn that after a heroic stand, the British Airborne Unit at Arnhem was told to give up and get back if it could. Some 1.800 1118118861‘! $0 escape to the south bank of the

Neder Rhine.

The Canadian First, pushing along the coast. reached the Leo ld Canal. Boulogne was oc- cup ed. The Canadians moved to datroy the Germans along the Schelde Estuary. The American First, striking from Luxembourg. manoeuvred around Aachen, in- side Germany, encountering heavy resistance. In the Metz-Nancy- Epinal area of the Moaelle Val- ley, great tank battles between 14mg can, George Patton's Third Army and the Germans were in

pTOETESS.

On September 30, the Canadians ier in the

entered Calais. Earl

month Brest had fallen to the Am- ericans. The American Seventh Army made rapid gains in its drive on the Belfort Gap moving to within 9 miles of BCIIPYC. 10g October 1, the Germans a Caa

formally surrendered to the Can-‘ captured Venray and pushed be- adlans. The City of Dover sent thanks to the Canadians for bring-

EXERCISE IN GRAMMAR

1. I couldn't find him nowhere. 2. Nothing matters to m0 no

l’. 8. I don't see nothing to worry 4. fie can't do no better than

6. I can't say that it is nothinil 'l These pupils don't take no 8. I can't see nothing from the 9. ‘Iwhavent no monev to give

l0. I never had nothing to do

INDUSTRIAL (Continued)

The railway and the steamship improved transportation find con- tributed to the growth oi towns and cities, to the export of manu- factured goods and to the lin- portation of raw materials. People were also encouraged to go to the cities by the improved conditions there. Municipal government gave them a share in the management of local affairs, and better means -of recreation were provided. Health organizations were formed and education was provided for

4. Social and Political Changes. This revolution produced" the cleavage between the capitalist and the labouring classes. the employers and the employees. The ‘sscalthy manufacturers displaced the landed aristocracy as a poli- tical power. Many good results followed: (at The time of ag-

)

Increased production led to low- er prices and raised the stand- ards of living. (c) The gathering of the people in limited areas made education more easily possible. (d) The association oi the people one ivith another broadened their out- look and qulckencd their intelli- gence. ie) To protect their inter- ests, the workers form tradc un-

ll!

1. I couldn't find him anywh l. Nothing matter-a to ine 5?}

longer.

l’ 8.“: don't no anything to worry mfieoazrtdoawhettertheii

sfaoiiiia Wouldn't a» nothing] Rama waeulldnt do anything

ut the ma.

6. I can't say that it is anv-

thing new to in

e. ‘l. These pupils don't take any

trouble with their uercisea.

8. I can't see anything from the

window. 9. I haven't any money to give u.

Mulutgergever had anything to do‘

REVOLUTION

rights of the individual.

A definite agitation to ob-

tain the franehise developed. (g)

"Big Business" made posible by $3 the industrial revolution has re-

sulted in a scramble for territory

and markets and international- rivalry. It has led to the opening] up of backward countries like Africa, the Orient, China and oth- er countries. Socialism arose as a political theory suggesting rem-

edies for political and social griev- ances. The working man had be- come dependent on the few who were rich enough to set up factor- ies and to what extent he should share in the profits has become the problem of capital and labour. As the people left their country homes and flocked to tho cities the representative system was dis- located and "rotten borough” were the result while large cities with- out representatives came into be- ing. Before this time there were two chief classes. the wealthy land owning class which elected mem- bers to parliament and the peas- ant class which did not vote. Be- tween these two, there had been a small middle class of tradesmen and artisans. As a result oi’ the revolution this middle class in- creased enormously and many of them became very wealth. They

ns. The rights of the working-man are now stressed instead of the

o IMPERIAL CONFERENCES

An Imperial Conference is a. ndoii, England, of the leading statesmen iusuazly Prime Ministers) of the overseas Dominions. They meet with the leading statesmen of Great Brit- ain to discuss problems of common interest such as trade, commerce, tariffs, defense and many other matters of great importance to-

WESTERN FRONT

ing an end to its four years of bombardment. October 2 saw the United States First Army open- ing an offensive by driving two miles through the Siegfried Line, north of Aachen. Th8 Bfmflh Second moved forward on an l8- mile front. The Canadians drove 4 miles north into Holland. On Oct. 4, Metz was stormed by the U. S. al Third Army. The U. S. First Army moved two miles into Germany. The Canadians, Oct. 6, forced l crossing of the Leopold Canal. A German source reported the Brit- ish Second as having crossed a northern branch of the Rhine, west of Arnhem. The United States First struck within 6 miles of Duren and H of Cologne. On Oct. 8, American troops penetrat- ed into Aachen. Canadian troop! made slight advances north of Antwerp. The American drive to isolate Aachen, by Oct. 9, had cut the last main road out of the city. At Metz, the American Third Army penetrated deeper into Fort Driant and swung northward 1n an en- circling move.

the British Empire becomes mo d- ed into a compact ulrliity, all for a .

From September 21 to 30, the Allied armies fought great battles in Holland, Belgium, and Germ- any, Fromdfimgland ‘Eitvlastmfilég arrie roo o e reality to it. Scientific accuracr‘;~€£€ fill-borne kilns,’ across the is not important. in fact it would Norm Se“ m the Ngthgrlgnds, The British Second Army advanced. Forces linked up at Eindhoven» then at Nijmergen. At Nijmergen,

British dashed

also wanted a share in t e gov- ernment. \

all. The first was held in 1m find others have been held from time to time since. Throughout hese conferences a great variet

matters have been discussed with profit to all. In this way st tes- men become better acquainted nd

each and each for

Charlottetown ‘Apple Day

on Nlllrdfly- Nov. 4. over 200 and Cubs all over the is- d Plrllclfmiied in one of the most successful apple held. The total sales in to

best single salesman 1n town wa

Scout David Jard s '

1119, and the best Cub salesman in town was cub Ed

“(WIDE l" the results individual Packs and

ps I t- ~

wsspfi‘ Basilica Troop and Pack, “Md-St. Peter's Troop and Pack, I .

(ml-St. James Troop and Pack,_ . . l fig-St. Paul's Troop and Pack,

sin-zit“ Pack, $72.31. 6tl1—Holy Redeemer Troop, .39.

Hh-Salvation Army. $62.00.

The Scoutefs Club presented the leading Cub and Scout salesmen, Eu Aiiys. lst Charlottetown Pack, and David Jardine, 4th Charlotte- ,town Troop, with |WhICIl were two flashlights, at a Council Fire held

Charlottetown Cubs and scouts wish to thank the general public for their generous support, and as- sure all interested that the profits from this activity will be used to in Charlottetown Cubbing and Scouting circles. ‘gain, we say "Thank you".

i Z5 flaw";

if

Place your orders now. -

Lungmalns lire-en 8t (u. PUBLISHERS SINCE

A Charming Love Story o! Grand Ml“.

Kama- YOUR QUILT, MARY ANN By Maude Hill Beaten

Bornto fhoaoundoltlaoaeland they“, dour of Canadian woods, Mary Ann somehow embodied their strength and healing pa“. B she ,. every ‘- " B me offer: her days no filled with uni-pm, ‘m! ldVOlltllawa Though her world Ollulpaed around her, also found success through paving others, and a love far worthier 111m the one she had lost. g3“)

Mic Cfi-istinas Turkeys This Year

OTTAWA, Dec. 7—(CP)—Agri- culture Department officials salt‘ today that the Canadian house- wife "is much more likely" to iiiive a turkey for Christmas dinner this year than in 1943." supplies of ducks and geese are “normal" and heavy chicken and fowl are “plentiful?

In 1943 the Munitions Depalt- ment asked the agricultural auth- orities t0 provide more than 1,000,- 000 pounds of turkey for military establishments at Christmas, in addition to normal requirements. No auch additional request has been received by the Agriculture Department this year.