18; 1920.

0f

SEED POTATOES TING

burg P013110 5P9‘ Hzyoiiirltt uiuvei-Itty

ctlT

' ‘Iialilllo

~ xception of lllllh ‘hflqplirstﬁllbileartlallzer etiwrl‘ qty tnttétﬁer phase of Dotato 1115- u" m“ received so mtwll

will)“ ion as thB perituentalt’ sue‘?! Seed piece. silltll of 395mm . Qx-perllllﬁllt grll‘ elm] . 111111011 States has tittll "zmlplfconducted QXDQW

sllltll‘ v ents towel 1' 0 lllwldlat'till l/“Ysl”

r Seed

‘he ruluuye lllfllléllﬁe

small tithers

1.1m“. versus cut seed; \l'll‘l~Zt‘ versus tstitall satttl

1' s.

m- nunihiltieul131121111111- on lito “Hm” lrillﬂit‘ teats loads to much 111 iti-tiwtttg definite con< , . .,- 111 1111» real influence “slow "pp-nt- factors tbecause in eticll "f {p} (mils one or more mator;v‘_\‘|mr$ “m, been confused Rh" ' m1- intcntied for study- "h Hie-ill ‘ill of tlte experiments l“ "“‘“,i,,.‘ 1111 important factor. tiiiltil-oi seed per acre has been 11

1111-“ J ftciiltl‘

_ This 1111s led to false Klimt?’ zintl a mass of pull» _“‘“L:"d.,m 1,1‘ questionable value. 0110mm H, in tests coutparing

. , .. on yield oi’ whole. if 1111tl eighth tubers. l ‘rpsluiiﬁ t111v1- gencriilly favored e tltolc titltcr for seed and it 8.21mi‘. t-iiiicltiilcd that the lar- " 1|"! >1-1-1i_ pie-rt! llillllllttl, tho r41»,- il11= vii-l11 is likely to bc. Edqpv right titties as ittui-lt attvtl rﬂfiqpott 1111 $l('l't' when whole :1‘: planii-tl a. is t-itttstittittil .1‘1).-11 t‘1_l.',lllii IlliH-IH l\l't‘ piantitil. ,1 greater till‘ yit-isi is likely tn . 1n l‘t'illii_\' t-tglil llntmt as I'M W, a 1,; ||<t'tl on an lll'.l't‘ when |.,,|,. ,111-11 in planted ilS is con- tt111l irhi-tt ciglttlt’ llLlIPFS tire ml,q1_ l1‘ grain. were ttsvil ill- wd 1,1" 1111|aiors the ttrt-tlit would tgitril to iiiftk-rettito in amount .-1~1-1l 1-1111111-11 ])\‘l' unit‘ of acre. 11,1 111‘ 1l11~s1- i-xperltncnts have. wraith-u 111 reality not Shllwll llltll iIOit‘ il|ll(‘l'.\' are to be preferred rjgiitll tutti-rs. provided the £1,111 111111-1»: are tilatitctl enough 11w l11 1111- row to consuttto tho 1111» .1111o1111t of sccil per acrc 11s 1111111 hr 11.<1e1l in case whole tu- rn \\'L‘l't' 111111111111.

rgg versus Small Whole Tubers for Seed.

Tltri-i- 1.11tior.~: art.- principally t't‘l‘lil‘tl 11-1111 the size of tubcr icii 1.; ll.\'\'tl ‘by a given grower 11 givt-u tttcality namely:

11) ]Il'l'\"tllill’lg (inst. of seed:

2) itri-vailing standard of 11y itt tho mind of the grower ; type oi seed stock avail»

A, 111.; tvritor, it appears tltat (ltcsc three. the estimated rela- t value of large versus small .: probably the controlling t or 111 the mind of the grower. are 5111.111 whole seed is uscd in ttihrrtt New York than in any lierpottitit section of the stale uottu- sianilard of excellence is Wt‘ ilttiu in other regions. C91“, ljv" 51111111 seed is not used on oittti o1’ high itriccsq goods bc~ 11st- i'l‘l2\ii\'t‘iy' lower prices .pl‘c- t in this than in ittht-r sections Adtu 11' Wisconsin. .t\i<~.l11-t' and 'etcl1111"l1l11t1o, i’lu11t.b of Tennes- -:1111t '/.:1\'it1. of Ontario are :- llﬂt: 1111» t‘.\'iil’l'illlt‘llll‘l'S \\'|1o itt tars ltztrk iitivtt t-itittpari-tl tho itt- urrto- ot‘ lat-gr wraith stittill tu- rs ior .\l*t'1l ou ylﬂitl. 'l‘l1t=_v all itnil that tl11- gross yii-ttl in- eiisril as llit‘ sim- of the tuber 1-1l illt'l‘t'1l.-it‘4l. I11 tttost cases the arlwtabli- yield also increased ltil so..- 111' tithirtisetl. in a few Slilll('t‘.-,4l\\'lll1.‘,' to tile increase t nutittter 111' stalks per hill as lze oi tttlti-t- lll(‘l'(‘ilH0ll, tho nutr- “llllllfytehl trus not gPHllQSt 0m the largest acct] tubers. In i,‘ “"5" “$18. stunc spotting of Ills \\'tlE<l llSPtl for elicit type of l‘t'ti. lt ttiust be concludoil from

OTHER t SUPERIOR OF ROSARY HILL HOME

eils How Vinol Restores Strength and Vitality

to Weak, Run-Down Nervous People

she 5113'!’ “For eighteen cat's l. Ye been at work ttmont: tile sick ‘i poor anti ltuvc used VlNOl, for "all, runntoavn emaciated pooplo tllt tixcitltr-nt r ults. One young "titan when she came to mo wus ‘llcak site could hurdlv crccp to "limb unti so citunygoti in a ttioitth llilittnt: VLNOL liizirtliy rccoiy- ml h", she had improved so ttclt. lran " ltttzttly for such conditions; 9:3: _\\‘0l'(iS are uttered front my a km order that more people l“ thew about ViNOlJ-Mother (amt: 1;‘ All-liaiilll-illl, 0.S.O., Hau- h\“.ch_ testimony as this should Nglltﬂ (jury one of the value of Si‘, l1 the reason it ts so suc- tt tn ‘illtll ca cs is because it; M.“ q "t" tie building anti ithlslnttl‘ cit-taunts o!‘ coils’ livcis, . t‘! ‘till. tti1lr1l_liy' tho blond mak- ztltirli-‘hu buthitttg anti strength I l! PYOPQ-rtti-s of tonic iron, 1 ‘ZPPMM "ml hypophospltittes. Keqtilcfitfiﬂ _ho11rtv nialtctito, aids °u'§a;1>Y}-‘l‘itt'1citc‘ the tlomi, with I kn {ls-or l'(‘(i blood mrpugclgg k ll.'~‘llilblll‘lli mnnncr imparts w‘ Fl-Wlllrth nnii vtt-ilitv to ., “it'd-Wt. muscle and ttssito of , d -i- Why not try VlNOL on ""8815?! guarantee?

1 i

not recommend \t'l1\'0ll' _

AQA4A x an‘ v vvv vvv v

nterest to Farmers

,»-¢-¢+n 0040004 o

these tests therefore, that large whole seed is better titan small wltole seed under equlillstttnco of planting only because oi the great er weight of seed used.

Whole versus Cut Seed

The question of whether or not to cut seed potatoes depends upon three factors, namely:

t1) cost o labor;

t2) cost o seed and

till the relative yield from whole vert-tus cut seed. inasmuch its 1t man will normally out only about twenty bushels of scctl itt a ten hour day, the labor 011111 of cutting is of some account itt determining whether to cut t-teetl. Attain with plllliltlﬁbhruflilllg at fif- t_ ci-ttis or less a bushel, it bccnute sottte-irlttil of a tiucstioit whotltitr ttverace sized 1totatoes should be cut at all.

Flxpcritttitittttl literature, deals only with tho third factor above men- tinned.-

(Iutting a seed tuber at once al- lows of loss of cell sap by bleed» lug 11nd permits the entrance of rot producing soil fungi and bac~ terla. 0n the other hand. Apple-- man of the Maryland Station has shown a distinct advantage from cutting. Whereas whole tubers planted or germinated atbovc ground normally develop only tho sprouts itear the apical or seed end, by cutting such tubers, both tttediutit and biisttl end tiyos may be made to grow. Briefly, Apple- ntan lttis altowit tltgit anything which will facilitate the entrance of itxytzi-tt into tho tuber will e11- hiincc growth plicttotticnti whit-h on account ot‘ tho skin a stiltcrizt-il l'lilllll|i()ll of thi- tiibr-t- would miter- WlHI‘ l‘l‘lillllll dormant for 1111 itidc- filtitt- pr-rioil. ‘Pitta llltllUiltPS a ttiori- et-oiioittlral ttse of-se-ttd poltitoe»; than that of planting tlteitt- whole.

ilit-lti-t‘ 11nd l/Vt-lrlt at the ldalto Station made a threi- yi-ar com» pnrisoit ot’ whole and rut si-eil and wltili- itbtainlttg a greater tottil yield frottt whole seed, tliu iitar- ketaltlit yield in all cases ivtis

‘groan-st from the out seed. These

tests are not. a trite criterion of the rcititlvo value of whole and cut seed, ltowcver, its far more seed pi-r iicro was usctl ln tho case of whole seed. Many yittirs ago, tlic 'l‘onnoser: Expcritttent Station test- ttd the comparative yields from whole seed and from an equal weight of halt‘ tttbers taken from the sainv lot of sccil. Nearly two and one half times as ntiiclt 1tiar~ kotablc yii-ld canto front tltc halt tubers, l1iit itwing to the fact that the ltzttvtts were plants-d on twico as 11tu1-lt area, the comparison is of little value. The best test of this question was made by the New York Station twhtm equal weight scctl pit-vs oi‘ -wltolo and cut ttt- itvrs were tisetl per acre. Vvlteroas about equal total yield was ob- tained from the citt and wliolc send, thi- ittat-kotable yield from cut seed was nearly‘ double that froitt whole seed. Apparently with equal rates ofplnnting cut seed is the more economical to use.

Large versus Small Seed Pieces

Probably,‘ the easiest, most ln~ terestittg and most rrequenity con- ducted secd potato experiment is that testing the influence of size of sited itiectv 1m yield. Nearly llll our State PXpPFllllUﬂt stations have 11.ib|1.~=l1e11 thc rvsttlis ot‘ such lost; ’i‘lii\ - is oi‘ size has been both by trcigltt and by proportion ot‘ ill- llt'l'. I11 |llt‘St' '. itt tl11- export lllﬂllir-t [ll‘l'\'lUlll-i_\' cited. t: iititrvtisi: iii yiitltl has l)l‘t‘l\ tic rit- ilili-tl to tho largi-r st-ctl rather titan to t‘to iltcictiscil amount put‘ acre ttscil. As 11 result it is commonly concluiicil that tho larger the seed piece itsed, the greater the ylohi. Under cqttidistitntro ot‘ spacing i1ti.. IEOINYlIISlOIi may express the truth. liiit. these tests arc in reality tests of rate of planting rather‘ than sizc oi’ SPPtl itivce. Nottiiltle excep- llllllu to this criticism are the ex~ iwriittenls of l-liitorsnn of Nebras- ka 11n1l Zavltz of Otttario. Emerson planti-(t eighth. quarter 11nd ltalt‘ tuber pieces ti, l2, 11nd :24 invites a- part respectively, thus ttsittg viglr icon btisliels -p1-r acre itt cacti misc 'i‘lti.< gave him greatest. total yield per avro trout tho quarter tlltllﬂi‘ anil lowest total yield frotn the half tuber, :1 l'l‘Silll warranting :1 (‘tlllPillrdOll quite contrary to that tlratvn front the itther lusts citcil above. Zavltz compared yields front 1111c 11nd two 1111111-1» [tii-i-es, tho one ituni-o iticres bring planted twice as t-iosi- l11 tho roiv 21a lltit two tiiiitri- plUUPH. tlttis cons-tutttliii; thc FIIIIH’ \V\‘ll>illl. lWr acre of seed. llvre zilao tho KPPIIIPHI total tn:it'-- kt-titblo and ni-t yield 0111110 from the oni- ounce itieces. We may ront-liiili» frottt thcso two tests, tltttrcfitrc, that twlth the stttnte rate m‘ planting, sittatter pieces down to one ounce pliintoil closer are likely to give larger yields 1111111 larger titer-cs itlitntctl further apart 'l‘ltcs1- data should not. however, influence the grower whose aye- tcm of sitttclng seed may be justi- fied, to out his seed smaller than the two ounce or heirs egg size.

-———-—<0->-——- SMUT IN GRAIN

lily lion. W. M. Lea, (‘ommission- er of Agriculture.)

The accompanying ntelliod for the prevention of smut is one that. every Grain Grower in this Pro- vince shnulil give every careful con siderntlon to before planting. The yearly loss sustained by growers due to the ilestructlon to smut spor es is eitormotts. I have frequently examined fields in which the loss would he fully 25 per cent, and ti conservative estimate for the en- tire Province would be 6 to 10 per cent on all fields on which untreat- ed osts were sown. Our yearly crop la between four to six million hush els and at present prices would be well one one hundred thousand dollars yearly. This loss cm easily be prevented at trifling coat.

l have experimented with var- ious methods on my own farm,

l

including the dry method recom-

§§4_O-O-O9-0OQOfO-OO§OO§O-§O-O90§Q-O

mended in the following article, and the results were fully as good, its experienced with sprinkling or immersing. No smut appeared in the grain so treated, while check plots showed at least 10 per cettt of los. The method I have generally adopted when a large quantity of seed is to be treated ls to imerse the bags of grain when cleaned ready to sow in a cask of water which has been treated with for- ntulin, at the rate of one pint oto forty gallons, allowing a bag of oats to remain in tlie mixture two or three iuiitutes white another bag is being fitted then ltolstlng out with tackle and allowing themolst- itre to drain out litto another cask l11 this way we can treat the grain as fast as i1 coun the wlill

11s fast as it can ho filled. We then onipty the hogs littn a‘ large wagon box ilauliitg tlircctly to the lleitl, and l11 u short. time lieltiu to sotw by using tltc grain on top, as the outs will absorb a great ileal to of the moisture and swell consid- erably they only dry sufficiently to rttn front the seeder. It is well to set the ittacltiitc to sow from three quarters to 1i bushel more to the acre than when dry grain is being sown. While this maytbe cort- slilered :1 lot of trouble by ti ‘busy fttrtttct- at this scasoit of the year, i1 is tttiiclt to itttportant a titatter to ll‘i. of uitaitendeil.‘ The hiss was grcaitat any time lil our ltistory, bitt. with oats worth one dollar uuil ovt-r 11 ltushitl it itow ll(‘('()llll‘§ a tutti-b more strious matter.

I ltavc heard fttriui-‘rs state that titi-ir grain was not zlffccteil with $111111 l11-utilise they did not notice titty ot‘ thi- black itt-ails at iiiirvttst tiittc. 'l‘i1l.~1 lll2l_\' llﬂllt‘ l11-cit the case evi-tt l11 a l'l< l11 that hail ltt-t-tt quite badly ztttortvti. 'l‘l1(~. black ltcttds aro i|iilt1~ Pilﬁlly 1-.~<-1;g11tv.1»1i when ilit‘ grain first shoots itt l11-ail. but as tl11- crop titttiiirr-s most of them ilt'l‘ll_\' Iillli ~13 bi-atctt tlitwtt with r11i11 and \\'1il lcziviug 11 thin stand and ii llt*il\'_\' loss to the itwitor.

'l'ilis loss at presctit is very gen- t-ral tttroiigltotit tho Province, and 11o e-ffii-it-ttt, progressive farmer will itogli-t-t l11-tiling his giiiitt to preservi- it front this pest.

Thu lolitnvlng article, whit-h ap- pt-tiroil l11 tl11- lt‘:ir11tt-\r‘s Ailvocato hiarclt ltltlt on tho ])l‘(‘Vt‘i|ll() iiof (lat Smut by Prof. J. E. iiowtttt, (‘.1\.(‘., Guelph, treats full-y on this subject:

lqvei-y your the farmers ot‘ this province sitsttiitt a loss of zintany thousands of tlollars due to smut, A1 11 very conservative ttstitttatc this nvertige itttttuitt ittss is be- tween three and live tttiillott 4101" tars, This is, to a large extent, a itcetlli-ss tax upon our agricultural wealth ltecausc it ltas been ilenton- slratcd over and over again till“ oat. smut can he prevetitetl by Pr" per trciituteut. of the Herd Wllll formalin. Witty has the formalin lrtuittiicut not been more gmlelallY adopted by the farmers of this province? The answer to this ques- tiott appears to be plain. The nteth 1111s recontmettded in the past by the Agricultural Expcriiiieittttl Stat inns have involved too much ilif- ficiilty, work and time, and “'01? not simple enough to appeal t0 the practical fttriiier. I

There are two effective, simple and easily ttpplled tttethotls of treat- ing sot-ii oats to pri-vettt smut. One of these is the sircalleil ‘dry lor- uiiililchyile trcattucttt." Tito I115! two siintuters (1913-1919) lllllll M‘ |l\‘l‘lllll*lll5 were ttuidc with this mo: ltorl by tht- Dopartltittitl oi‘ lloiatty’. tlttiztriit Auru-ultitral t‘oll1,-llt'- ill“

results w1-r11 ltlghly satslfacttiry Sittue G00 ttualtiwls of oats WUTB treat ctl; lilfP-Ht! \\'l‘l'L‘. sown ou ten till- lt'l‘('ll[ -flll‘llls and i1i cacti case. sonic tintrcateil outs were sown for chock, No sittut developed tn tho oats from the treated anvil. Wlllle l11 tltc crop front the uittratt-d send ‘tho autoitttt of smut averaged sti- gmly QVUl‘ 5 1-2 percent. lllll0ll1- stance was there any injury l0 "l" outs try tlte tritnttttettt. 01w ""1" reporwq 111111 11111 treated oats ltad ttot. eotiie up f0il9TlY_ but when this ivas ttivttstlgtiletl 1t was loumi that the oats itt the check strtpltilti not cotui- up lWUiIPTlY "tum"- In” cause was, apparently, tile will ‘Vel- wcathor which followed seeding-

Alter irouilucting these PXDPFl‘ meuts 011 so large 11 5mm’- Securlllg iiiilforittll’ Smisfuctor? YiP-“llll-‘l l“ ypgurd to the preveittlott of smut without tiuy nparent injury t0 llW grain, we feel sate itt recoiuutettd- tttw the sti-tealli-il "dry ftirttftiltlv hydt- trt-ntuteitt" for the ilrtlvvlll‘ ion of out smut.

Directions fOr Usulrtﬂ "l", “my

Formaldehyde Treatment." , yo 11v ywtw Wt"

11mm. [hp- nuts to be treated in a pile on the grunury or lturn floor and shovel tltcnt over ittto anoth- er p110, and as they are being snov (‘i1i-d over spray them with a solo. tloit cottsisttttg of one Dill‘?- ‘lmlllli’ 1111 (40 per trvtit, tormaliieltyde) and m“, W,“ wag-r. Use this solution tit the rate of one lllnl t0 lwflllly‘ ﬁve hush,“ of 58011, that is, use ltalf n pint ot‘ fortttalltt llllXetl with a pint of wit-tor for every twenty-

__-_1 uuwiii-n- Q-v - -

5

NAVY cur

stamens

1’?

Two for 35 cents

The Leading

i garette of

Brittisit ‘Empire

l-ilGHEST IN QUALITY

FRAGRANT AND ﬁATlSFYlNG ' 'i'HE SMOOTHEST OF CiGARETTES

That is why men prefer PLAYERS

larger quantities _ot oats are treat- shovel full. l11 ‘order to tivoitlhlltjgilt; e11, one proportional amounts of otton of the eyes. lmsfolflnllllldphy-dot bushel of outs require fumes, provide for a free circulat-

formalin and water. Thus, twelve from the

and a half

only a quarter of a tplnt ot‘ forum- lln mixed with a quarter of a pint bum WlWH’

strong

the work

of water. A small quart settler, KTEBS. The lrrltrttlott of

costing is most

spragvtitg formalin solution on the

oats. ‘llwo

work. One man should shovel the five bushels of outs. If smaller or oats while the other sprays 91103‘-

about one

ton of air throttglt the granary mid ls 111 pro-

iilt‘ 0Y1‘!

dollar ‘and throat by the strong fornutliu

convenient for fumes is the chief obiﬂvllllﬂ l" U115

ntcthml but it can be overcome b)’

men can best do the holding the eprtiyer down close to

ovvN tvtovtss

tho grain 11nd itroviillttg pli-uty oi vontilntloit. After the oats are all

tut-t _ sprtrvi-q they should be piled and covered or sacks to tttntfttte the forititillnlfnl‘ till‘? 9|‘ ~50"? days before ll five hours should lw iiitcoveriril, Iiaggeil, may be sown luttitodiatclyn ‘Plterc- method ior ttlte Pfeveﬂtlml 0! M!" the smut is a ftnodlflcatlon of this $0

heap

vapor.

will

Alto!‘

lti- 11o (leltiy set-it to dry 11nd on we: and swollen the tll'iii. it la Vlﬁllbit‘ to sow the treated send as possible

set-its cltolte‘ son ziftulr itt our

CUR

,~~ 1.1 11 1 n \-t

LIFE

"A11 BH-N AWAY 4_ ' vWNiiNU-l

l i EAL 1 1

1 '\_44 I J'§

u‘ c.- 1S

l vuzau Wilt. 1901x511‘ 4oz»

l our a‘ ME.

Vim‘ comm! Diame- Q-MOTV

- I - HANDED.

mo was now on 111s , wnv HuMEwARD.

‘t h. ....,,_'____1'__ ' u.-

H . ... . t

a 131mm;- t.

O HE sfops A We tmtz» , K61‘ AND BDYS A Home “F WILD 17oz .

113i?

? - a fame woo h _ ' Slfb ~

"mp1. , 1 we '

wHtLN NE

(all. E3 ’il'f-l’ oottua

't-‘.lt i

It‘

treatiitettt lug t'X])l‘l'illlt’lllS hero at citllogttl. ti was found that the seed Inna-unknowns»- 1 v1 '

A126

v i-it—i»—»—-—ijiju

p.

with

waiting for

e$=1=—~$ 4i: —'-"II {eije-n-

AH, SARAH see 1H5

~_—,—- ~-—~-;---~.~—~--; r’.-

1 blankets

the sod

. 0-110

did not gcrtnlnatc ktllllte so Well latter treatment when it was kept W85 SOWIl.

The other simple 11nd effective

called "dry formaltléllydﬁ 1793i‘ ment." l1, has been used by m8!!! farmers, with success. M0- (‘ordick nf North Gore. Ontario. ha! treated his oats by this method (or ten years and suites that hB fllldl

~ - t;

. - . _--.- #1310118? l1 very satlafetlloti. lllr. MM!

furnished the 111m with 1M an-

ion

alt-notions for-the eruption» “who: mu mﬂﬁud.

it t gallon of n!» in a éﬂflplgl‘ 6w mu of

formalin. Fill

or fifty bush-

1 f nlclomlloorlns +3.‘: ‘i wﬂhlllnx wt and sprinkle the lolutlon on the cats

while a aaiiond than shovel! them

s tiooorrr ma, outﬁt You

Contlnudtl ‘m Pile Bl!

—j-$~Q~I—$=-"——Z~_»— III Q—Q—l-_~I

° #ANbe—

ﬁ

lq-g ,-_,',:§,-¢.r1v-. ...

..