-I-__~

u

_\ ,;~......<......._...........__.._....-.-......s k . .

v . '4r4

.11

Vulture

,P_~\__GE.E0URV . THE GUARDIAN

tlorning Daily (Founded in lltiti) Luihoriud us nu-uuii Ulises flail. boss Office Department, slit-awn. The lslisuil Uunrdiu Publishing Co. Idltor and lluusging Director, J. B. Burn!“- Assoointe Editor, Irlnh “lilsl.

“The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest lnk."

CHARLOTTETOWN, FRIDAY, FEBRUARY t, 1949 Federation iiiseusses Margarine

Some interesting phases of the butter vs. margarine question were discussed at the recent Canadian Federation of Agriculture meeting at Regina. A strong point raised by dairy represen- tatives was that they had supported grain pro- ducers in their repeated demands for floor prices and market legislation. They felt entitled to simi- lar support when their interests were at stake. Says the Winnipeg Free Press, which is pro-mar- garine: "The dairymen wanted to be protected against the sale of margarine and they won hands down." Their specific request was that margarine be colored differently from butter and contain no preservatives. These regulations, which the Federation wants the Dominion Gov- ernment to adopt, would apply until the Privy Council has handed down a decision on marga- rine.

To the opposition of the grain growers Mr. Alex Mercer of Vancouver, representing the Fras- er Valley milk producers, put the case for dairy industry in a nutshell. "lt was his blunt speech," says the Free Press, "which carried the day. He said wheat farmers were opposed to protection because protection was against their economic interests. How could they be protected? They sold most of their product abroad. The domestic market meant little to them. When it came to imports, they again were opposed to tariffs, for they wanted to buy their farm machinery as cheaply as possible. With the dairy industry the case was different. it lived on the home market. He doubted that enough sunflower seeds would be grown. in Canada to meet the needs of the margarine industry. Oils and fats produced by cheap foreign labor would have to be imported into Canada and the dairy industry asked for consideration in meeting this unfair competi- tion . . . No one arose to dispute Mr. Mercer's case.“

Mr. .i. A. Ma-rion, of Montreal, said farm- ers had paid heavy tribute to Canadian indus- try for years because of protection. He tlid not object very much if this gave employment to Canadians. Why should there be this outcry against dairymen? Unless tariffs were wiped _out for everyone in Canada, dairymen had a _rrght to have their interests considered.

At the request of the convention, Mr. Fran- cis Flood‘, agricultural attache of the U. S. em- bassy in Ottawa, cited, figures showing that margarine consumption had gone up in the U5- in the past few years and butter production had fallen in spite of higher butter prices. Mr. Han- nam, Federation president, said what had hap- pen across the border need not necessarily happen here. The real people who had been pro- tected, he pointed out, were the Canadian con- sumers. They had been protected against high- er food prices by Government ceilings and by Ottawa's embargoes on the shipment of many agricultural products to the United States. While the embargo on cattle has been removed, those on dairy products have been rigidly retained.

liiorrls To The Wise

On the principle that a wink is as good as a nod, the Speech from the Throne will be inter- preted by the politically wise as a sure-fire prog- nosticator of an election budget. The significant words in the Speech are these: "Prosperous condi- tions now prevailing are being reflected in the buoyant level of national revenues, a condition to which due consideration is being given by my Ministers in the preparation of forthcoming budgetary proposals."

The Ottawa Journal begs leave to doubt whether in all Canadian or British parliamentary history anything like this - o revelation of wliot may be contained in the budget — has appeared

- in a document of this kind. Budgets are tradi-

tionally a Cabinet secret, with no hint or sugges- tion of their contents to be divulged by any au- "thoritative source until they are presented to the House of Commons. Only two years ago Mr. Hugh Dalton was forced to resign from the British Cabinet because, as Chancellor of the Exchequer, he divulged. to o reporter some of the budget's contents a few minutes before its delivery. Yet here we have the Prime Minister putting into the mouth of the Governor General a clear hint to the country that the coming budget will contain tax reductions. Mr. Fielding, who looked upon budget secrets as sacred and inviolate, must be turning in his honored grave.

Prime Minister Optimistic

Speaking on the-draft address in the House of Commons, Prime Minister St. Laurent fore- cast increases this year in gross national pro- duction, wagas, salaries and employment. This picture may be somewhat rose-tinted, but if it iriaterializes insofar as gross national produc- tion is concerned, all the Provinces subscribing to the Dominion's tax agreements will benefit.

In pre-war days the national production figure stood at five to six billions of dollars. The figure is made up of net income and salaries, depreciation allowances for business, and indi- rect taxes less subsidies; in short, the total spent to produce.

The Prime Minister predicted the figure would rise from $i5,500,000,000 for last year to $i6,500,000,000 this year. '

Post-liar Births

Boy babies predominate in the post war birth rate. Even Berlin's "rubble generation" is dominantly male.‘ Boys outnumber girls i0 per cent in births in that war-ravaged and politically

- ~- -- ~ v» -,-- -_\~_v_=.»=.~ s“-

divided city. Sociologists say the phenomenon of an upswing in male births after the blood- letting of a world war is just what they expect- ed. lt isrnature's habit. Berlin's crop of babies in i948 approximated 35,000. That represented a gain of 42 per cent over i946. Because postwar babies there will have to live among scenes of old devastation for many years, they're called the "rubble generation." Actually, Allied famil- ies find them as attractive as those anywhere. Berlin make no distinction in registration be- tween legitimate births and those which occur out of wedlock. But officials say that the illegiti- macy rate has noticeably declined since the mor- al chaos which followed Germany's collapse. Sociologists forecast that it will be another 25 years before the sharp disproportion between men and women, caused by war losses, is over- come.

./ I:DITURIAL NOTES l,

Despite the Berlin blockade and the Allied "counterblockade," the Russians still are ship- ping dismantled parts of the Krupp steel plant at Essen-Borbeck to Russia.

U I I Saint John, N. B., is still in the dark about the cause of last week's sudden drop and slide of a seven-acre area. It must be disconcerting to find apparently solid ground becoming mo- bile. I I I The Federation of Agriculture's income Tax Meeting today is a recognition that the farmer cannot merely make a living. lf young men are to stay on the land it must be possible for them to pay off their capital indebtedness, or they will not get the chance to start. I i‘ I

Saskatchewan's C. C. F. government seems to be making something like private enterprise out of the school system. Students who are "recommended" on a basis of their school work must now pay fifty cents for each subject cov- eled in the recommendation.

U U U What Socialism leads to. South Wales Ar- gus, December 2ist., reports case of a boy of l6, keeping a pig, fined £1 for permitting a householder to give him garbage to feed the pig. He had applied for a license to collect gar- bage, but had been refused.

U l U

The East Coast fisheries are among the industries which stand to benefit by Canada's policy of turning from English to American mar- kets. As with others, however, the benefits are precarious, depending upon the continuance of open American markets.

U I U

The removal of early records from the Pro- vincial Building to the P. E. l, libraries in the P. W. C. building savours more of a desire to make room for government offices than concern for historic records. The library staff will no doubt do the best they can, but proper quar- tors for our archives are essential for their pre- servation and usefulness.

i I I

Thomas Carlyle, Scottish historian, essayist and philosopher, died this date 188i. He wrote Sarfor Resartus ~at his wife's estate at Cragen- puttock, in which he made the Island Blumine an outstanding character. "Is not The Times news- paper an open Forum, open as never Forum was before, where all mortals vent their opinions, state their grievances."

I U U

The issue that may nave to be decided this year by the Canadian people in a general elec- tiori says The Gazette is becoming increasingly clearly drown. it is the issue of whether the provinces are to be given independent taxing bases for their authority and whether the citizen is to be given a greater degree of manage- ment over his own earnings; or whether the theory of cyclical budgeting is to meet with a due submission of provinces and citizens to the planning of a central authority. Perhaps the de- cision of the voters will be clarified as it is dis- closed that budgetary cycles seem to have a curiously close relation to political cycles.

fi ‘A’ ‘I O

in the three candidate contest in the Nicolet-Yamaska County election in Quebec no fewer than 43 helpers have crowded into the constituency to give platform and other help to the aspirants. They are Renaud Chapdelaine, P. C., Paul Trahan, Liberal, and Romulus Man- sea, an independent Liberal. Mr. Chapdelaine de- clared "l will be glad to be with Drew in the House of Commons because he is the only man who has the answer to the dominion-provincial problem. With Duplessis he was the only man who rose up at tho dominion-provincial confer- ence and attacked the centralizers at Ottawa."

I U U

Directors of Northumberland Ferries Ltd. are to be congratulated on their brief submitted to the Council of the Charlottetown Board ol Trade. It was a comprehensive review of the establishment and operation of a service which has proved itself to be of tremendous value to the entire Province and to the thousands of tour- ists coming here for their vacations. The direc- tors have had little cooperation from the Fed- eral Government and have had to overcome an their own initiative and their personal resources many heartbreaking setbacks. There seems to be a feeling that the subsidy of $i00,000 receiv- ed by the company is a very large amount, but compared to the expenses of running the ser- vice it is sufficient to cover only three items i. e. Wages $45,000, Fuel $40,000 and Insurance $15,000. Revenue from passenger and truck traf- fic is not sufficient to cover the other operating and maintenance expenses, so that a deficit was incurred by the company. The action of the Council in accepting the brief and adopting a resolution asking for additional transportation facilties including a larger boat, improved dock- ing facilities and navigational aids, will be ap- preciated and approved by the directors and by all our citizens. it is up to the Federal authori- ties to take immediate action to have satis- factory service available with the opening of

- . _. _. q§=“i\

9

A

SIMQ d l‘ M:

_ riic GUARDIAN. CHAZLOTTETOWN _

THIS vent now Aeowr

TRYING u_s ‘too.’

PUBLIC FORUM

This column is open to the discussion by correspondence of questions of 1. The Guardian does not noaeanr- ily e ’ the opinion of correspondents.

Y.M.C.A. FINANCING

sir. -- Kindly give mo space Ln your Public Forum column to re- ply lo the very pertinent questions of "Contributor" in yesterday's Guardian.

The financial position of the new YMCA. was not. dealt with at the annual meeting because 1t. is rather difficult to give a. definite statement until the work ls com- pleted.

Although the building ls now be- lng used, there is 51.111 considerable work to be done and a lot of equip- ment to be purchased before the "Y" can operate at full capacity.

Furniture, especially built for Y.M.C.A. use, and modern equip- ment for the gymnasium has been ordered and is expected in the near future.

The entire cost. of the building wlll be somewhere ln the vicinity OI $300,000.

When the work is finished and the necessary equipment ‘secured, all accounts will be audited and l detailed statement given the public. lii the meantime we can state that all amounts due contractors and furnishers have been paid. The fatal cost of site. equipment and building to dale ls $210,000.

The 1944 campaign resulted 1n cash and . pledges $139000; the 1948 campaign, $65,000. The old Y. i\l. C. A. “as sold for $25,000.

Since 1944 the "Y" has received a number of special bequests and has also realized ii few thousands on interest and appreciation on bonds. But 1t was still necessary to put n mortgage of $65,000 on iho new building 1n order to com. lllele ill'|(l equip 1i, and to cover cost of operating till February. 1950.

Willi rcfirird to "Contributor's"

navigation this Spring.

FROST

With frosl. again the thought is clear and wise rain made dismal with a mistle despair; The raw pleisk earth beneath cloud-narrowed okles Finds new horizons in the naked

Thai.

air.

Light leaps along the lashes of the eyes;

A tree is truer for its being bore.

So must the world seem kean and very bright

To one whose gaze is on the end of things,

Who knows, past surrmer lush. brlmmed autumnh height,

No promise in the inevitable

springs,

All stripped of shadow down to bane of light.

The false songs gone end gone the restless wings.

—J0hn Hewitt. in “Nil Irish Poets."

lost question "How do the directors propose to llqudiite the debt?” I think that many of the directors are confident. that. the people of this community will not. only cori- trrlbute towards maintenance but will in the not too distant. future W ‘ me an opportunity to help re- move the debt from this institut- ion which can do so much for the youth of Charlottetown.

We thank "Contributor" for raising these questions and as- sure hlm that complete details will be forthcoming at an early date.

I am. Sir, etc. EDWIN C. JOHNSTONE

Chairman, Y.M.C.A. New Bulld-

lng Finance Committee.

MUSIC in OUR PUBLIC SCHOOLS

Sir, — In last Saturday's issue of The Guardian I read with much approval is brief comment. on music for our publlo schools. wrltten by your esteemed corre- spondent "'Agrlco1a." Agricola re- commends, as he has repeatedly done. the sol-fish notation com- hlned with the staff as an ideal method for teaching music ln our public schools. I have on a form. er occasion heartily approved this "mt? Proposal by Agricola, and I do so now again.

In the schools of British Colum- bia I have seen with my awn eyes, and heard with my own ears, how effective this method of teaching school children to sing readily by note can be. On is recent reading of the course of studies in the schools of Nova Scotla. I learned that this very system is in vogue in that. Province also. In fact. I doubt lf there ls any other definite syslem l" VOBue in any Canadian province today. lf anyone knows of such f \vould be greatly pleased to hear it described.

It ls encouraging to loam from Agricola that. the tonic sol-fish and staff method is now in pracflgg in at least one school in Prince Ed- ward Island. Let us hope that its u" will 5°“ l"! general in the schools of this Province.

I am. Sir. etc. M. M KEN New Haven. c zm

‘U? CERTIFIED MILK

Sir.—In the cmi-palgn slate. ‘rents of the Health League of Canada, published ln your col. mus, it is claimed that only p35- ~urlzcd milk in “snfe“, and may

‘moulsory pasteurization should

a enacted in every Province.

I nsree that pasteurization is a fife“ help. and that all milk for human consumption should be properly certified. This, however- does riot necessarily mean pggt- eurlaatlon. Certified milk is milk produced by dairies which are Iilblected to periodic inspections, and the milk to frequent analyses. Tlw our" producing it miui be free trcm tuberculosis. ls shown by the tuberculin tests and phva. lcnl examination by n qualified veterinarian, and free also from unduliint fever rrrd s11 other com- municable diseases, and from ull diseases and conditions whatno- ever likely to deteriorate the milk. The lnlmlis must be housed in clean, properly ventilated stables of unitary construction, kept clean and properly fed; the milk must be drum under sll precriufons to svold contamination, Immediately cooled st proper temperature. etc. and sll persons coming in contact with the milk must exer- cise scrupulous cleanliness.

These conditions being fulfilled,

Old Charlottetown (And r. n. u

INDIAN RELICS

The tourist today, crossing on the cur ferry and motoring to the “North Shore House" of Prince- iown, traverses the ancient Indian trail from Buislooaknde, "the land- ing place" (Borden), through Boilek, "the sultry place". past the traditional scene of the battle "where the Mohawk met the Mic- mac on the banks of Indian River". and thence to Makpek (lvtalpeque) “the big water". From time im- memorlisl it has been a camping Place. and the first settlers found the shores of Darnley River lined with immense plies of "mlrldcns". chiefly oyster-strolls. which for gen- eratlons after supplied lime to the farmers.

About the middle of last century. the rotted stump of a very large pine was dug up, arid beneath its roots was a deposit of those shells many feet in thickness. One end of Diirnley Bridge rests on the site of an ancient Indian burying ground. and when excavations were being made. numerous skeletons were unearthed, of unusually large size. the skulls of which would easily slip aver an ordinary-sized man's head. This record of their great stature is corroborated by Abru- ham Gesner in a report on the Ecology of the Island in 1854, in which he thus describes observa- tions at Savage Harbour:

"By the encroachment of the sen on the south side, a number of In- dian skeletons have been exposed and washed from the bank. These skeletons were lyltig fogelher in different positions, as if the bodies liud been ihroivn lnio u common rill. the lop of which was only a foot. lienculli the soil. Some of ilie bones were found to be of great size, and in general they exceeded in their dimensions those of the race lri their present stale. The site of this pit an the extremity of n small point. of land supports the opinion that the savages hurl been sllrhrlsed and cut off, or killed ln "it! bflllle. and as no reliefs of warlike instruments ivere found at the piece. eicepi those of the nborlrzlnei. it is robable that the “PM l°°l< Place efore the advent ‘if Qlrlllileans. From un old tradi- ilon among the Indians. the bay has, been called Suvnge Harbour."

It is thought that Malpeqire Bay is the "River of Boats" mentioned by Jacques Cartier, as in m; fir“ voyage he sailed past its narrow entrance, and saw canoes of sav. fixes fishing in its teeming wafers.

—From an article by the late

Mrs. Ada MncLeorl in the Damon,“ I

Review. April. 1926.

certified raw milk has the advent. "B" °f rttelnlnz all its nutritive ‘i““""°=- ‘which monv medical authorities state is not the ease under pasteurization. Also, in

‘W119 "wk "to bacteria count in

pasteurized milk has been high. In [he Chicago ares recently over l°PlY pasteurized plants rzprricd- ly failed to eliminate tho health ‘linker from tuberculous cattle. Under proper management, n0 doubt. this could nothappen. f mention it merely to point out. that "safe milk" mesns not ne- celllflly Dlsteurlzed milk but

certified milk ,.raduaed under the I,

right conditions. In this banner dairy Province we cannot accept the Health League's dictum that sll raw milk ls suspect. I em, Sir, etc.. READ

- Notes By

The younger generation learns things quickly from the older, says s writer. Arid maybe the yourige generation is making -s mistake. — Kitchener-Waterloo Record.

Charles Lindbergh ls 1n Germany iss s special adviser an technical affairs to the chief of staff of the U. S. Air Force. Not too many years ago he was saying that the German Luftwaffe could not be beaten. -— St. Catharlnes Standard.

The president of the Canadian Arthritis and Rheumatism Associa- tion lays that anyone with arth- ritis in the feet or legs should get off thorn. That still leaves the problem of how the arthritis wage- earner can gét from point A to B.-- Woodstock Sentinel-Review.

The expansion of Sault Ste. Marlo will continue to be of the hodge- podge nature it has been in the past. Houses will be built on lots ranking in size from barely enough footage to hold the building up to anything the owners may care to purchase. And homes will continue to be built, within the city limits, without back lanes. sidewalks. sew- CI. driveway space or any other necessary adjuncts to the said pro- perties. -— Sault Ste. Marie Star.

The population of Japan now lo figured at 80.01.10.000 compared with the pre-war 70,000,000, and her out_ lets for her goods and products are much fewer than before the war. Industrialization andurude are needed on s huge scale to keep the Japanese _people alive. They had prosperity before their war-mad leaders led them into n world con- flict, because of dreams of con- quest snd domination of the Fur East. Japan will not find it easy ta recapture her last markets and friends throughout the world. — Niagara Falls Review.