is

-cum Prlloo unu ulna us: in on-

Puniiuud every weekday marlin II III Prince luau.

cnulnnniawu. Pin. to the Inn Cnwu: Ltd. 44 Klu IL w.. Toronto.

uuuuun omen. In unlvoriu Tower am. mun:-. Inn WIIIU

General Klllll. In: A. In-not:

Mamba Cnnadlu Dali: NewIp.IpoI Publlubnn Auocinnun Member Ii the Canadian Fun Member Audit Bureau ol Circulation: Iranrn utlu.-ea It summenmn. Ilunugun Inn Alberto: AlllhI'l1.Q0 II second Class Mail by the Post Office . Department. Ottawa. By Llfriel cnuriuu-.-iuwn. sunlmenud: sio.uu pg; n. Ium. Elsewhere in P. E. l. 80.00 Jthei Provincea Ina U S. uz.oo pu Innnm

"Tb: strongest memory II weaker man the weakest ink."

”'..;m;..&. DEC.41;,Tl0557 T "T

T Safety Schools -

A current fashion in the United States is the highway traffic school. Several of the larger colleges and universities have put the subject in their list of required or optional studies. A typical school is that now under way at Michigan State Uni- versity, having been authorized by the last. session of the State Legis- lature. This is by no means a small and inconsequential affair. It has a staff of 38 full time instructors and is described by university officials as ”the broadest in scope ever at- tempted." Following are some of the courses: workshops for police. judges, safety directors, engineers. teachers, and other categories es- pecially interested in safety work; training young people for full time jobs as driver-education instructors and traffic engineers; information in audio-visual aids; library train-

ing; and scientific counselling in administration of traffic laws. The money for all this is being

provided by the Legislature. about 3i200,000 for the first six months. After that, presumably, everything will depend on the schools progress and apparent. usefulness. In addi- tion, good contributions are expect- ed from major automobile manu- facturers, who have expressed keen interest in the project It is an am- bitious undertaking, certainly. Whether it will reduce traffic acci- dents remains to be seen; but if it does nothing more than dramatize the need for extraordinary meas- ures to cope with a situation that appears to be getting worse all the time, it will have served a useful

purpos- Soulh Viet Nam Today

The world's youngest republica South Viet Nam, born in October, 1955-e-starts life against a back- ground of war and confusion, but with a solid asset in fertile and pro- ductive land. A little larger than New England, it represents only a fragment of France's five-state Indochina colony that existed be- fore World War II.

On the new republic's northern border lies Communist North Viet Nam, set up beyond the l7th par- allel by the i954 Geneva cease-fire agreement that ended the long struggle between French and Viet Minh forces. West of the two rival Viet Nams stretches the rest of irlint has French Indochinas-(l.am- horlia and Laos. Once French pro- tector:-ites but now independent, both remain kingdoms. South Viet Nam. by voting overwhelmingly for its pro-democratic president. Ngo Dinh Diem. has rejected its former emperor. Ban Dai.

More than ll.Ofl0.0flfl culturally and racially linked to the Chincse. live in Smith Viet Nam. Of thcsc, an r-ivnlanche of some T0(i,0f)fl poured in from the Communist north after the Geneva pact permit- ted civilian and military transfer across the demarcation line. Whole villages of North Viet Nam were abandoned as men, women and children packed their few belong-

pcoplc.

States. France and South Viet Nam, plus private relief agencies, co- operated in the exodus, one of the modern epics of mass migration. Today. according to the Nation- al Geographic Society, problems and hardships of resettlement in strange ind undeveloped country still plague the migrants; but the bleak tent town: where the refugees first huddled near Saigon are giving way to busy. sturdy villages. Vegetable gardens have been planted, chick- ons and Pill introduced, and along the cont now fishing colonies have

but lush coastal broad and fertile delta lands of the Mekong River yield luxuriant rice crops for both home needs cash export. Rubber, well in the south where French once hopefully established modern plantations. A land-reform law recently passed requires that all the big rubber, rice and other uncultivated by absentee owners shall be brought into pro- duction. either by refugee labor or by rental to working farmers. '

capital

estates

coal already mined in the east. Gold, zinc and phosphate de-

less for

South Viet Namese are trained for anything but farming.

On the other hand. the narrow

too,

Industrial planners find

plains and the

and grows

some north-

i are known. In the uplands,

t ands of

timber and other

. products await exploitation.

streams that may

Even the mountains, although use- farming and formidable barriers against much-needed trans- port, are potentially valuable for rushing day create cheap electric power to serve industrial demand.

SOITIB

School For Prospeciors

A dispatch from Toronto con-

prospectors.

veys the information that the On-

tario Government is sponsoring a. school for mining insure a good attendance make sure that no one is kept out by lack of funds, the courses free. Dr. W. G. Harding of the Pro-

To

and to

are

lngs and moved south. The United;

vincial Department of Mining is in charge, and the teaching will be concentrated chiefly on the various identifying marks of minerals and the techniques of handling a Geiger counter efficiently. The emphasis, of course. is on uranium, the min- eral that seems to be related one way or another to almost every- thing that happens in the tech- nological field these days-yes, and in a sense in the political field, too. Dr. Harding, the report says. has only one formula for success in prospecting: curiosity, close obser- vation. and steady, hard work. Well, that is a pretty good formula for success in any field, although many people who adhere to it strictly do not. discover uranium, or even a pot of gold, which these days is much less valuable. No doubt, the school will fill a real need; it must be wonderful for a

freshman prospector to learn "all about it" in a week's schooling. There will. however, be some dis- appointment over the absence of a "where to find it” subject on the curriculum. But. of course, if Dr. Harding were an authority in that department he would not be teach- ing at all. He would be right out in the field, gathering in uranium by the ton.

EDITORIAL NOTES

One commodity that is permit- ted to enter the United States with- out much opposition from industry is beer. This is because it usually costs a good deal more than the home manufactured product and is. therefore. not highly competitive. It comes in a sizable volume, never- ill(?l9SS--Fliifllli 5 million gallons so far this year. Canada is the lead- ing exporter. with West Germany in second place and the Netherlands

in third.

According to a recent report, only two governments in the world have actually repudiated past debts. These are the Soviet Union, which ignored all debts assumed by the Czarist governments, and-t-he State of Mississippi. 13 other govern- ments. however. are listed as mak-

obligations; 9 of .these are in the Communist bloc. Dollar-wise, the Communist bloc defaults amount to about iii; billion; those of the non- Communist governments amount to about half a billion. 0 O O

Sociologists seem to be spending much of their time these days in trying to make elderly people hap- pier than they can manage to be if left alone. A report from a sym- posium in Geriatric Medicine refers to efforts now under way to assist old people "to add more years to their life and more life. to their years". It is all very wonderful, no doubt; but one wonders how in the world our grandfathers and grand- mother: mInIgod to got along at :0, let alone; got any real enjoy- ment at life, with no busy auricul- tor to it 'geriIti-inn?!) to

ing no serious effort to honour old ,

..NlllElLL

PUBLIEEORUM

nu column h on Io III (luau oullonn

Iooouull! udoru ygyrn-nnndrnu.

POTATO MOVEMENT

Sir,-In our report. of potato movement in Saturday's Guardian I table of comparisons was shown which may have been somewhat misleading.

The total crop estimate is of "field run" potatoes and in order to give a figure of total potatoes to be shipped. would need to be reduced by the amount of culls. Is well as the amount consumed locally and that retained for plant- ing. The purpose of this table was merely to show a comparison of the movement in each of the four crop years. and in this respect it probably served its purpose.

I am. Sir, etc., E.W. CAMPBELL Manager P.E.I. Potato Marketing Board."

SNOWPLOW NEEDED

Sir,VThe question "Where is I the snow plow?" once again comes to our minds.

At the time of writing, there is supposed to be a plow in oper- ation in this section of. West Prince, and as yet. three days

and Tiyiish

between Elmsdaie Road remains

via the Western unopened.

How long would it take to open this road? There are two men in a plow and surely an hour would make the road at least passable.

Are we. the car owners on this section of tihe road. not entitled to run our cars as well as on other roads?

I understand that a good many of the secondary roads are open- ed.

They certainly want our lic- ence fees when lllc time comes Why not. then a little service.

I am, Sir. etc. ('l'l'l'l.EN Elmsdale. P l-I l.

Canada's 4-H Clubs

t()ilana ('iIi1.cul

Canada's 4-H ('i.bS Ilic junior farmers of the country---liavc g.-I reached their quarter-century mnrk and it was a happy coincitlcuce that one nember should help to celebrate the or- caiiion by winning the North Ameri- can wheat championship at. the big Chicago international show. At 12 Jerry Leiske of Bcisker is the youngest ever to hold this crown.

A wheat championship no long- er carries quite the luster it once dld. for in general it has become more a tribute to infinite patience in selecting individual kernels than to agronomic skill. but just the some this is quite a feat for n 12-yesr-old boy.

The 4-H clubs. In which Jerry belongs. have doubled their mem- bership in the last decade and now have 73,000 members. The four- leaf clover emblem, with the let- ter "h" standing in turn for head, heart. hands and health. is becom- ing increasingly familiar across Canada. Ottawa knows it well. of course. for the 4-H clubs are es- pecially prominent each year at the Ottawa Winter Fair. as they are at other agricultural shows both large and small.

Boys and girls alike learn in-

Iluable lessons in the raising and judging of livestock and poultry. in growing'gi-oin and vegetables and in other aspects of scientific fIi-mlng. Their training goes be- yond thnt. Club work help: develop better citizens and homemske . whether the youngsters stay on the farm or not. This is undoubtedly

after the drift, the main highway -

one of the most suceuful move-

HAG

. at least 500.000.000 years old. which

from Alb:-via i

UP A siockiuew

Prehistoric Craters

By John

F. Bird

Canadian Press. Ottawa

Two huge craters believed caused ! by meteors plunging to earth

. 500,000,000 years ago have been

discovered within 100 miles of Canada's capital by the Dominion Observatory.

The pre-historic pockmarks. now filled with rock and earth. are near Franktown, about 30 miles south- west of Ottawa, and l-Iolleford. ap- proximately 20 miles northwest of Kingston, Ont. They were spotted by the observatory during examin- ation of aerial photographs of Can- ada taken from RCAF planes at a height of 10,000 feet.

The discoveries bring to five the known number of craters in Can- ada of meteoric origin.

BEST-KNOWN CBATER

The most. famous is the Chubb crater, now known as the new Quebec crater, in northern Quebec about 130 miles south of Hudson strait. Others were found 40 miles west of the northern Labrador vil- lage of Hebron and in Algonquin national park outside of Brent. 0nt., 50 miles east of North Bay-

The Holleford crater is about IV; miles in diameter and has I depth of some 100 feetebig enough to swallow up the entire downtown area of a medium-sized city of I couple of hundred thousand pop- ulatlon. It is covered with palac- ozoic sediments. estimated to be

have concealed most of its original shape.

Apart from its circular shape. the only other definite evidence that the crater is of meteoric or- igin is that the inner slopes are

Dr. Beals said the Frankiown cavity also is covered with sedi- ments which are at least 000 years old. However, the evi- dence of meteoric origin is not In strong as at I-lolleford.

The obsei-vatory's search for meteor craters represents an ex- tension nf its research efforts. Son1e 200,000 aerial photographs of parts of Ontario and Quebec now have been studied and the obser- vatory plans to examine photo- graphs covering all sections of the country.

Dr- Beals said the object of the study is to determine whether the earth at one time was bombarded by meteors. The infonnation would assist astionomers in their studies of the universe.

"It is ii well-known fact that the moonls surface is pitted with thousands of craters." he said. "While several theories have been put forward to account for their origin. the hypothesis which now is most generally favored is that they were caused by meteoric bom- bardment! thousands of years ago.

EARTH BONIBARDMENTT

"It is because of the similarity of these lunar craters to ones on earth that astronomers are turn- ing attention to the possibility that at one time the earth may have been subjected to similar bom- bardment. The earth's at T u would introduce conditions causing earthly craters to be much more obliterated than their counterparts on the moon. and hence they have heluded detection."

The Chubb crater. discovered in

steeper than the outer and no vol- canic activity has been found in this section of Canada.

"it appears that there is a def- inite possibility that this may be an ancient meteoric cavity nearly filled with sediments," Dr. C; s. Beals, Dominion astronomer. said in an interview. "Gravity observa- tions lend to support the view that it is a depression of considerable depth filled in and covered with sednnonts."

VAGUE DEPRESSION

The Franktown crater is a vague, Shallow depression with little lop- ograpliical relief. However. it is rm-nlar.with a diameter of three- quarlrrs of a mile.

The Age Old Story

Let your light. so Ihlnc before men. that they may see your good worini. Ind glorify your Father which is In heaven.

FIND BLAST VICTIM

FRANKFURT. Germany (CF)- The body of I 270: victim was duip Friday from the wreckage of n five-storey house in the centre of Frankfurt. blown up Wednesday by a mysterious explosion. Hos- pital authorities said the seven in- lured brought out of the debris were out of don er. Police said they believe coo gu named the blast.

Aunionlziin m DEALER

Ilmul Vflrlng

contractor: BEFIIIGIIBASIIONI

We nil. illtlll Ind oa- vlce refrlferaud eountert. walk-in cooorl. also loun- bold refrigerators.

C. 0. ll. VIcunm Clesnor Ind Polisher Iooul lorvico.

IIGIOISI AIPIIIANOH We Illl Ind null! all notou.wnIbII-Iosdoloctrlod

Illllnou. rm

1951, is two miles in diameter mid is believed to have been caused by a meteor which crashed in earth as recently as 50.000 years ago l Very little is known about the crater near Hebron which was dis- covered in 1954. It is 175 yards in diameter and believed of mclcnric

Mgdically Np. Speaking-

by llermn N. Iu.Idoocn..Il. ll. MONDAYS OFTEN PROVE HAZARDOUS ro HEALTH also cold Monday.

we've llld plenty of

Blue Mondayin

For years now. of reasons to dislike this dly the week.

For one thing, it. meals back to work after I week-end of fun and relaxation. Also, it is traditionally the day for doing the family wash.

Insurance statisticians have giv- en us another reason for forming a Monday-I-iaters' club. After I careful check of records and re- ports. they discovered that you are most apt. to catch I cold on Monday.

Just why this is so, hasn't been determined although they suspect it may be because you are more likely ta become exposed to some- one with a cold during week-end visiting.

Another possibility is that you become tired and run-down more readily on weekend holidays and consequently are more vulnerable to the cold viruses on Monday.

RETURN TO WORK

Again, the theory is advanced that a subconscious reluctance to return to work may have some- thing to do with it.

Although many of you undoubt- edly had summer colds, the real season for this annoying disease did not get under way until Thanks- giving.

It's not much use trying vaccines or various remedies described as cold preventatlves We have no known effective measures for pre- enting the common cold.

If you have a cold. however. there are several simple precau- tions you can and should take to protect others from catching it.

A cold is very contagious dur- ing the first 24 hours. So. if you feel .ill and have a slight fever, keep away from your family and friends as much as possible.

Wash your drinking glass thor- oughly after using it. or put it someplace where other members of the family will not readily find it.

Cover your mouth and nose with a handkerchief when you cough or sneeze. Remember to hold the handkerchief loosely and be care- ful not to compress your nostrils.

Closing off the nostrils when sneezing may force the infection

X

isuunung hood um. who Ituid for nftoon minutes saying good-bye with the front door wide open will cut your fuel bills five

percent than Itorm window: wmd.-mu Herald.

Fluoridation will benefit only children. and not help adults? All - children grow into adults event- ually, and will bave more and bet- ter teeth if they drink fluoridated water during child-hood. One sur- vey shows 60 percent. less tooth decay amongst adults raised in I community with fluorine in the int- er. The adults of the community with no fluorine had also lost three to four times as many teeth. -No- rth Bay Nuilet. '

Granted that during the next few years there will be considerable demand for more spacious homes. some builders may strive to meet it and thus take advantage of the marketing possibilities. The vital question probably will be whether or not tthey can find ways and means of providing large home: It prices the potential customers will pay and on terms they can handle. That. of coume. has; long been the vital question for a great many construction outfits and would-be home owners. sEdmont- on Journal.

How many types of jobs exist. in the world. and how does work in the paddy-fields of Thailand com- pare with work on the sugar plant- ations of Guatemala? This and many similar questions were dis- cussed recently by a group of experts meeting at International labor Organization headquarters in Geneva to prepare I world-wide classification of jobs. The l'LO plans to complete this work in time for the 1960 populati census, so as to draw comparisons between

mg.” I jrr."

. Notes in -THE WAY

-r II the ills III. lllough pp. lot immediately. it is to -5,, vantale of the West t.inu..g , leaders should bave to Ibpg; .' .3 world opinion they can mlhl" mould. Mr coerce. nor cont”: ut l-his will be true only'if lb. W Ncoillxes the propormms d the new soviet threat my mk mu use of the .-....u..,.: I;reebPre:.meet "' T w1"'""

IVS?! now and Illln c are apt to fors t this Ii-dim; ,Inci they got renlleuemd ,,,,':,;i about one or other of H13 mm arrangements devised to solve 0., national problems. When they in into this mood, ttiiey compmn p bout their cost, which 1, "I the most obvious thing Ibo"; hug:

a price which cannot at

hid in full because we llmvplayy not got. the money to pay u. am the price . mains. and to the extent of our national ability '

E0 011 P831118 it in order to pr: serve. politically, socially and N Ollomlcllly. the essentials of 0",. nationhood. -Montreal Star.

A city hall roporl that ever, one of 184 ming ho Sherbourue .- Jarvis ms m "E Queen Streets urea

hazards, strengthens the Cages!" licensing these houses . The re Pvrt Itself recommends they 1,, ll c e n I e d. Existing regulation Iifenlihened by amendments. are adequate But they are difficult to police because of a shortage of inspectors. The main violation of which the rooming houses wm guilty was I failure to provide me exits from each floor of the house as required by the building by-law;

siflcntlon must be

new jobs In

the various countries. date from time to time because

to being, such as those in the fields of atomic science and elect- ronics. while othersl like that of the traditional blacksmith. are tend- ing to disappear. -Unesco.

Job clas- brought up to

'-v coming in- grounds.

The second exit would be an out side covered stairway from the upper floors to iii. In nearly every sex-lo. fire in I rooming house someom II trapped because the main stair-

cliimneys. -Toronto Star.

runniiu

PROFESSIONAL CARDS

back into your nasal ,

QUESTION AND ANSWER

Mrs. P. L. G.: What are the and how is it treated?

Answer: By pfoms of multiple sclerosis vary, depending upon the parts of the nervous system attack- ed

It may cause various forms of paralysis and disturbances of vi- sion, speech and gait. Special drugs are used in treating this condition

been employed.

BARRISTERS. SOLICITORS. Etc.

Idl. Matheson J Foster In nlcinnuulu.

..m..m....m..:.. I. minor Blanchard, BA. 4232

OPTOMETRISTS

.....m...........am G. F. liutcheson & Son r. G. mrrcimson. no.

Byron cl. Grant. 0.D.

as mean 0!. Phm Grafton St. out no mm (1 3 J. A. Can-nth R.0. I. an or inag. '3 KN 3- on Dill 5613

7

origin. ,

The crater near Brent is two miles in diameter and was dis- covered in 1952. it is believed to have been caused by a meteor some 400,000,000 years ago.

The Brent, Franktown and Holle-

ment. The Chubb crater and the small one near Hebron are not.

CONSULT:

ford craters are filled with scdi- j

FOR YOUR INSURANCE NEEDS

NYNIIMAN & CO. LTD.

insurance-lheo In!-

our experience of over three quarters of a century II b- Iurnnca Underwriters. is at your disposal. '

Olfloooi CHARMYITETOWN - ALIIITON.

AGENTS 'l'llUUOEl.fl';I'Il novnccr.

I1! Grafton In-not

".'::':.:.r li::.T.”.i.:i:””.:I?:l”li:. -”'-"t:1'.-li's1'”"” it-”-a I-........-7 3-M R3-..-I .A.w..m. God LLB. ,,,,-,,- 0'-H "'""l" 3":-n 1l:1eg""'”" 9- oflleo KIl8.T.: -.n2'ii::T4i.icT Palmer & I-laslam II. J. Mabon. R.0. look It Nova sooth am. ll!-NV 7- E-1 yoga am” Ihtbeson. Peaks 3 . CHIROPRACTOR Nicholson ------

Dr. W. E. Carson

0" WE -'TTTnEdEEin '” ""”' ” ”” '”

0.mwhalt is love but the bee with oh..." man u

e C 0V8l'. '1

The passion of plunder, ch... 3,. Mcqmua 3,A. G, Keith Plcku-d

The giving. the taking. in guga 3;. '91.: mi 3. Arch. M.Iuu.c.'.

The ecstasy wild and the tearing . m" Iummonldo. P.E.I. puma aIunder- Mncfhoe I Ti-alnor Charlottetown. Tuesdays Ind

And then all is over; I5 Queen St Dial 423! Friday: Dial 318

But somewhere the honey is hid I in the hive

And love to the lover is more than the passion.

For beauty is stored in some Ilcl)0NALD.0UBRIEbO0.

Texggiisitet fas1l;onAL I I I u &rlo I&. Charlottetown Dill 3' 0 en en - I - -- w ;-T ence and tears H. B. DOANE & COMPANY

On the bread of the desolate years. us Grant Georg! St-. Clllrloflcftvi

-Duncan Cunpbell Scott. pg... guy . gun P- 0- 80! "l .m...m..E.m.... .,.. ..-- IXROWNSOSI (l:ggI.A 13- ARTHUR J. GAEBEPI 5'15 D 9195- i T Palmer Electric Building year-old Welland youth drowned in mu 5;: I puddle of water Saturdly. 0ffi- anhwu" m rm", sh”.

cialn said he apparently suffered

a seizure and fell face down in ithe water. Mario Ci-oteau was , taken to the office of Dr. A. V. l.owrey after firemen applied l artificial respiration and admin-

islcrcd ovgon without success.

SUMDIIICIDI - -

' You pay on

l Family-Inn lunily Fate

"boas" when you connecting lipe to Montreal. Stop wish, and then board I doub uloothut of all trans-Itlumic Hightl. '

November 1, use the BOAC full fore; the not of the fnmilf travel: It Imuingly reduced nus. In pouiblo to H" hundreds of dollars! , ' ' (loose either luxurious BOAC MONARCI-I service ""5 due:-fol dawxutsiu lounge. or economic! BOAC CORONET service. Ply high above the weather in restful reclining ac"!- Tndidonally courteous Iorvlco.

following morning you're lollltlninl or lg:

' Add Montreal to your European vocation! At no extra cost. .. I B-O-A-C to Great Britain ' Stopover Erivilegex m Montrmll

fare-you get two vacations! That's your special

Scvlmsl After PlIn. Only one

l

fly BOAC from here to Britain. Fly over for I few clays if V” le-deck Stntocruiscr for th0

Dellcioul meals. All" 'i”

Irhbridualmopvitlooouiyuorhal mv-I pg nlluiylklujai or is ; oaroumov