' Executive Editor

Covers Prmce Edward Island Like The Dew

- w.J. Hancox, Publisher Frank Walker 'tor

Burton Lewis

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PAGE i

Peace Aims Reiterated

While niulring no new major policy ainminiccnicxits in his speech before the llnitcd .\'.'itii‘-ns Asseniblf in New York _veslerrla_\'. President Johnson pg-1'1'ii)'ll1€(l a valuable ser- vice by l‘0ll,Pl‘iitlllg his “unswerxing commitment to the kcclillltl and the strengthening of peace." and by making it clear that the a.=S?lSSlIl’3 bullet winch put an end to the life of P1'e.-‘idem I-{enncdy did not alter the national piiiposc to see the cold War 6-nrlcil “once and for all."

This is a limo when such as- sertions from \\'m'l(i lezulcrs can be COIlSll'lIl‘tl as ‘JCIIUI S ‘T Ill 9 Ih i ll 8‘ more than hollow platitudes. The S0\«‘l(=t, llrion, with Red China breathing (l'i\\'ll its back in a struggle for wririrl (Ti mmunist supre-1naC.V. IS anxious to produce a tangible sym- bol of further progress toward re- duced tensions with the new admin- istration.-' in the United States and Britain. Its protestations of good- will may need to be accepted with reservations. but it would be l"0ll.V not to make the most of this oppor- tunity of furthering the cause of peace.

The Sm-leis are re-poi-tedly anx- ious to renew negotiations for a non-aggression pact, and have of- fered to couple this with a call for eventual settlement of the division of Germany and “normali7.ation” of West Berlin. When this offer was made last fall the ll'o.st‘ern powers turned it down as inadequate. The Russians. they pointed out. could interrupt Berlin access by all kinds of mea:-nres short of force.

Britain has shown more interest than the l.'nitr_>d States in probing the subject to determine if the So- viet offer can be improved by bar- gaining. At Washington the official outlook has been sceptical. and President Johnson said nothing in his speech yc.:terda_\' to indicate that: ‘there. has been any change in at- titude in this respect. Nevertheless, his emphasis on his government's determination to continue President Kennedy's “pursuit of areas of agreement" can be interpreted in a. very broad sense.

Certainly if Premier Khrushchev is really bent now on achieving a victory on his food front, the results could include a less bristling and angry variety of Communism and a Soviet state less isolated from the Western world. This is a consum- mation to be desired, and to be encouraged in every rational way.

Ripe For Prelermenl

Among the rumored changes in the federal cabinet it is said that Justice Minister Chevrier may be transferred to a diplomatic post. This, of course, is a matter of specu- lation; but Mr. Chevrier would seem 170 have at least one qualification that is in great demand in the world of diplomacy. He can talk fulsomely on a subject without say- ing anything to the point.

A brilliant demonstration of this faculty was given in the House of Commons a few days ago, when Mr. Chevrier, as acting Prime Minister in the a h s e n c e of Mr. Pearson, undertook to explain that there was no conflict between the Prime Min- later’a assurance to the Canadian Labor Congress in the mailer of deficit financing, and Finance Min- fstei Gordon's pledges to produce 8 balanced budget.

Mr. Chevrier did a neat job of

rntionalizing his leader's views, but .. its was brought up short by Oppos-

Leader Diefenbaker, who asked

If It was true that Mr. Pearson

uu CLC that he had not

and elsewhere» outside British Corn-

_\'l“.l-ZDXESDAY. mac. 1s.’1iiis3‘. ,

consulted Mr. Gordon and did not know if he agreed with him about the virtues of deficit financing.

“Mr. Speaker,” said Mr. Chevrier, “I was present. at the meeting which took place yesterday. It was an excel- lent meeting. as my Rt. Hon. friend knows. It was one of the finest meet- ings I have ever experienced.” Then he added that Mr. Diefenbaker should not be disturbed about budgetary deficits “in view of the $3,000 million budgetary deficit w h i c h took place while he was in office. .."

Further pressed, Mr. Chevrier repeated his remarks about the fine meeting of labor and government. Then Mr. Stanley Knowles wanted to know if deficit financing would be part of the next Throne Speech, and Mr. (‘hevrier replied that he had seen Mr. Knowles and his colleagues at the meeting agreeing with things said by Mr. Pearson. "I cannot add anything more than was said on that occasion," he stated.

Asked by another member if the anticipated deficit was planned by the Govermnent. Mr. Chevrier said: “Well. Mr. Speaker, if one has re- gzird to a comparison between what. is taking place now and what has taken place before, the comparison is as between night and day, and I would not want to go into the matter any further.”

It would be hard, indeed, to carry diplomatic double-talk any further. Next. day Mr. Terry Nugent. Conservative member for Edmonton Strathcona. was impolite enough to call the Justice Minister's statements “reminiscent of the Artful Dodger.” That gentlemen, it will be recalled, was a character in Oliver Twist who was adept in teaching yo un ge r charges how to pick pockets while smiling in the face of his victims.

There was no intent, Mr. N ugent explained, of suggesting that Mr. Chevrier was a pickpocket. But the Artful Dodger was also well-known for his ability to wriggle out of any difficulty he got into. That, said the Tory member, was what Mr. Chev- rier had displayed so artfully.

Or diplomatically, as perhaps he should have said.

Should Be Considered

When Premier Shaw announced some time ago that his government was not contemplating any changes in liquor legislation, he added that no representation by orga niz ed groups had asked for a change. Yesterday's formal request by the Federation of Mayors and Munici- palities to consider bringing d o wn an act which would conform to the liquor laws in other provinces and cities of Canada. may have been prompted by this implied invitation. In any case, the request comes from a responsible body, which by no stretch if imagination can be regard- ed as the mouthpiece of the liquor interests.

The resolution——one a m o n g several presented by the federation to the Government yesterday——made two points in connection with the need for revising the present legis- lation. One was the encouragement the present law gives to bootlegging and other illegalities; the other was the hindrance it causes to the tour- ist industry.

Both these grounds, We believe, are valid. Certainly they deserve consideration in view of the big events that are being planned for the Province next year in the way of tourist attractions. And there is another point to which we had 00- casion to refer recently. That is the growth of licensed clubs which has developed under the present law and which, in effect, makes for two classes of citizens in the Province-— those who are privileged to drink socially under this system, and those who are not.

We have come a long way from the old Prohibition days, but there are anomalies in our law stemming from those days that still need to be adjusted. Our legislators should be prepared to stand up and be counted on this question when the House meets in February. And it will be for the Government to bake the lead in proposing amendments that will make sense to the majority of our people.

EDITORIAL N T

The mid-November peEc)entEage of the Canadian labor force unemploy- ed was only 4.5——the lowest for the period since 1956. But for the At- lantic Provinces the figure remained at 7.5 per cent, which is scarcely a matter for complacency.

DIRECTION SIGNALS

LITERARY OUTPUT

They're Not Waiting For Céintennial Year

Whenever the talk gets around to centennial Teas. the sugges- lion inevitably comes up that there should be a great outpour- i g of Canadian books about Canada and Canadians. Let’s produce for the occasion new Canadian histories and biograph- ies. Canadian poelry and fiction, is the enthusiastic exhortation.

As late as this Fall's meeting of the National Conference on the centennial, delegates were talking about commissioning a special history for 1967.

when is someone going to say therc's not enough time left now to plan, to write and to publish a history worth the name’? The great histories are the work of many years: not something to be produced on demand in a "crash" program.

ANOTHER THING

Another thing wrong with the idea of centennial literature is that it is often accompanied by the assumption that little Canad- ian history or biography is now being produced. The fact is we are in a period of extraordinary productivity. Centennial publish- ing will need to be prolific in- deed to surpass the number of books. especially the histories. now coming off the presses.

In the last months new an d substantial additions to the bio- graphics of Georzc Brow n, Arthur Meighen and Mackenzie King have appeared. One ac- count of Duplessis has recently been written: more are coming. The first volume in an import- ant new Canadian history series was published this Summer.

The story of ordinary Canad- tans, not only the great dramat- ic political events, is more and more being told. Our histories are coming closer to Macaulay‘: concept of social history, ac- counts which tell of the state of the roads as well as of politic- ians‘ minds.

CENTRAL DOCUMENTS

The great cenlral documents of Canada's past, the primary sources of history, are also be- ing made more easily available.

PUBLIC FORUM

This column is open to Ihe discussion by correspondent! of questions of II-

Jeet to editing and condensation where necessary, The Guardian is unable to In any norrreepundenue regard-

lu| Ieliers submitted.

HIGHER EXAMPLE Sir.— In a back number of your interesting’ paper th ere appeared a letter from Rev. A. Toner that gives us the Infor- mation that he not co - oper- ating in the coming Billy Gra- ham campaign. because an Episcopalian Bishop is working and co - operating with this "machine." I wonder if Mr. Toner h a a forgotten that our Saviour al- lowed a traitor in his little band of workers, also the despised Zacchaens who climbed Into a sycamore tree that he might see Jesus. Jesus did not ask for this man's credentials, but said, “Zacchaeus, hasten and come down, for today I in ust abide at thy house." And what a different man he became by the love and sympathy and the of the “Master's hand." So may we trust that this Bishop may see the truth as it is given in the Bible.

Now instead of w-rapping our robes maul us, we mould join In with the sweet voice of Bev- singing rest Thou Art", then whisper

: prayer for Billy Graham, that

he shall be given wisdom a nd

strength as be earnestly pro-

claims the Bible to be the rem- ! sin, sir etc,

"How

Ottawa Journal

Carleton University's series of] paperbacks, for example, h

put into circulation thousands if productive than ever.

the poets have not. In their little magazines they have been more A new

copies of Lord Durham's Re- hard-cover book is just out with

port, the story of the Jesuit Re-~ lations, the Confederation debat- 5.

At the moment the historians- probably as a result of the influ- ence and impetus of Mr. Donald Craighton's work on Sir John A. Macdonald-— seem to have mov- ed ahead of the novelists. But if Canadian fiction has fallen off,

I‘ Pratt, Carman, Roberts

the poems of 16 young English and French poets whose names are unknown to those reared on a n d even Layton.

There will be no shortage of ‘books for the centenary. T h e y are coming out now so there's no need to wait for the sunrise.

Some Russian Bungling

.. Milwaukee

There is new evidence f r o m within the Soviet Union that the nation's 1963 harvest failure was caused by more than bad weath- er. Seven top Soviet fertilizer ex- perts recently warned Commu- nist party leaders that the coun- try's limited supply of mineral fertilizer is being poorly istri- buted. badly stored and careless- ly applied.

These defects must be cor- rected, they declared, before the government invests a re rted a $22 billion in additional chem- ical plants during the next sev- en years. A letter from the ex- perts was addressed in the party central committee, the New York Times reports, and publish- ed in Pravda and lzve i .

More fertilizer must be allot- ted to those Russian areas with adequate rainfall, the letter de- clared. Fertilizer dumped on arid soil won't end the country’: chronic crop troubles, It said. be-

Advocates

In his maiden speech to mem- bers of the General Committee of the Canadian Highway Safety

ouncll, newly- elected chair- man, John Atkinson of Toronto. prioposed four goals for the Coun- cl '

Periodic re-examination of all drivers— “Because a driver

capable of driving today, it does not necessarily follow that he will be either physicaly fit or mentally capabe of driving five years hence, nor can we be sure he has kept abreast of the changes in the law.

Literally millions of drivers In North America are out of date

Our Yesterdays

(From the Guardian Files)

TWENTY - FIVE YEARS AGO (December 18, 1988

There was I full house at the Prince Edward Theatre last night when the annual Christ- mas Charity Concert was given b, the Charlottetown Me I e Chorus. assisted by the C a rol Singers from the Ladies Music Club

Fire caused slight damage to the residence of W.l-I.V. Dunbar at Keppoch shortly before noon yesterday. City firemen respon- ded to an appeal for assistance with the chemical engine.

TEN YEARS AGO (December In, 1053)

Rev. E.l-I. Bean, pastor of the Presbyterian Church in Reusing- ton was among the recipients of the Coronation Mod in Her

rsou, rotary of state for External Affairs. Mr. Besn is s native of Sberbrooke, Que

-

The complete absence of

not lessened the spirit

with which decorative prq)srs- bssu made an

oh for our sin - sick world.

A. IIMHOII

I c-'..,

Journal

cause the chemicals must be dissolved by water before they can enrich the soil. Russia st e n o u gh storage space for fertilizers ac- tually delivered to agricultural areas. There is a shortage of machinery to apply if. "A large part of the fertilizer is being de- livered unpacked and is simply dumped‘ on the ground." the ex- perts wrote. “The government has not organized a farm chemi- cal service to ensure correct ap- plication of the fertilizer." hen rrnmors of a bad harvest first cropped up earlier thl s year. I-lumian officials blamed the situatilon on bad weather— extreme Minter cold. is late spring. a clry, hot summer. This new evidentce suggests still an- other cause— bungling. There appear to be serious kinks and snarls in the rigid lines of auth- ority which run from top to bot- tom in the Soviet Union.

Four G-ools

Canadian Highway Safety Council

with current driving laws a n d regulations. Periodic reexamin- ation is the ONLY method of as. curing the majority of drivers are qualified to drive."

Mandatory re- examination 0! all vel1lcles—- “While we are un- able to pinpoint the fact_ t h a t mechanical failure causes eccl- dents, there is a growing belief this is at least conlributo ry. compulsory periodic inspection is I 100 1' cent necessity If we are to eliminate this factor as a possible cause of accl- dents."

The lssuance of a driver’: ll- cence should be a privilege and It s right. one of the qualifica- tions for this privilege should be an agreement to undergo proper chemical tests when nequeeled by the proper authorities Again. accident statistics draw that In a socially unacceptable number of accidents admission of alcoh- ol Intake is often made even

the driver may not ap- pear to be drunk".

Training for all before it'll e granting of an operator’! li- cence — A person with bad driv- ing habits or poor knowledge of driving lstlons cannot pos- sibly teach another person to drive properly. yet

unqusllled people Ito drive paw- erful and complex machines without proper training." Mr. Atkinson who is man I for Canada of Allstate Insur- ance Company and a director of All-Canada Insurance Federa- . expres hope fii e s e punts would be continually stressed during his term of of- fice. He informed the meeting proposed to visit every prov- lnclel safety organization during next two nets and meet the various sipls.

LIVING QUARTER!

A compound of start 10-storey buildings tin been mm at Inns- bruck, Austria, to hours teams

comvellns in lbs 1964 winter Olympics.

Formation Of Cataract

By Dr. Theodore‘ R. VanDellen

The cataract that develops in older persons is a degenerative condition and belongs in the same categony as gray hair. wrinkled skin, and h ardened arteries. The change is likened to the way egg white turns opa- que when heated.

Initially, the cloudiness may not interfere with vision an cl many eye surgeons have ob- served early signs of cataract formation 10 to 15 ears before the undivldual complains. he no longer can see clearly. It is as though the room were full of smoke or the person were try-

t see through mist or a waterfall (from which the word cataract comes). Spots appear when looking at the sky, water, now, or a light colored well.

There is much confusion as to when surgery ahoudl be done. Most ophthalmologists agree that the lens ought to be remov ed when vision no longer meets the needs of the individ- ual. This is sooner for some than others. It is not necessary to wait for a cataract to ripen if vision in both eyes is so poor the person cannot read, work, or watc TV. There is no need to go about with failing vision for months or years.

No one is too old to under 3 0 this type of surgery. The p ro- cedure is designed for the elderly because cataracts sel- dom develop before sge 60. The majority go through the pro- cedure without difficulty. As a rule the patient gets out of bed on the _second day and g o e 5 home on the tenth. It is advis- able to remain quiet I o 1- three or four weeks thereafter. Bend- lng, lifting, and doing h o u s e - work are verboten. Good results can be expected in 9 out of 10 undergoing this type of sur- gery.

Many are disappointed when given a temporary lens a f t e r the third or fourth week. They do not see as well as they (I l :1 before the cataract was remov- ed. The thick-lensed spectacles enlarge the image (30 per cent) on the operated side, leading to distortion. This is a tempor- ary situation that clears up when the nerves and brain ad- just to the loss of the lens. Cor- neal lenses are most helpful in correcting this situation.

CHOLESTEROL AND RTERIES A. E. writes: Is there any dif-

ference between nn elevated cholesterol and arteriosclero- sis?

REPLY

Yes. Cholesterol Is a fatty substance found in the blood and other tissues. An elevated amount is associated frequent- ly with hardening of the arter- ies but the two conditions are not synonymous. WIIISKY EEIGHTENS COLOR

C. C. writes: I'm 75 years old and look awfully pale. Do you think four ounces of whisky per day will bring back the c olo r to my cheeks?

REPLY It may but it won't cure th a cause of your pallor. Are y o u anemic? Or is this your normal complexion, considering y our

9 on

e?

WATCH AND PULSE

M. S. writes: My new wrist- watch runs 3 minutes fast in a week. Someone told me it is be- cause my pulse is fast. which I don’t think it is. Is there an y- thing to this?