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Tas Dairy EXAMINER.

MARCH 1884

i 5

The Health of our City.

We are glad to know thatthe St , > } pe da y M raie has redrawn the Bill pres bh to the House some two e ind that agaio a determi! ed effort will be made to have it enact: d The pre: uble of this Act is as foliow i vil t porous nature of t] " ter supply in the city ttet is greatly contaminated, and ia many instances rendered poisonous and | wholly unfit for use by reason ef the use of

privy vaults and cess pools in sa d city, and

»:* ’ . } is desir able as speedily a3 p sible te remedy j

it is ao great an evil, No ove can doubt the truthfulness of

Yet there appears to be} a supineness and lethargy about the matter which must astonish every think- | Were there adonbt about)

this statement.

ing man the

these sources

wa it would not be excusable to take no means to ascertain the facts, hut there is none.

1872. Professor S. Dana Hayes, of Boston, a first-class chemist, reported of one (and not the worst by any means) of our city pump: as follows :—

‘Specimen © represents a very bad water for domestic purposes. , It contains an uncommonly large proportion of or saltpetre, which mdicates the presence of decaying animal matters, such as are found im drains and cesspools, one of the most danger- ous contaminatioOns present in any water.

and is very impure and unwholesome,”’

nitrates

Sarely this gentleman has no selfish interest to serve, and his chemical analy- sis, showing that this water contains 1m- purities to the extent of 56 56 in the gallon, while the ordinary wholesome water coataias only from 4.78 to 6.07 of impurities in the gallon, is unanswer- able.

Again, what say the medical authori- . r . . *? ties when asked if the public are likely to suffer therefrom :—

Yes, to sach an extent water uowholesome in the highest degree. It canuot be otherwise in a town where there is no proper drainage, and where all matters wh ch should be carried away are allowed to soak into the earth, and where the soil is as porous as that of “harlottetown, there is little or no obstruction to its passaze.”’

as to render the }

We can write no stronger language showing the constant danger to which this community is subjected, whose dietary water is taken from shallow wells sunk in a porous soil and surrounded with cess pools, ash pits and privies.

The Act recommended by the Magis- trate simply forbids the breaking of the soil surface for the purpose of siuks and privies. It is the only practical remedy, aod simply necessitates the dry ciosei system, one which is not only more con- venieui, bu’ less expensive than the other. We look to our city members to aid in the matter. They cannot, nor dare vot shut their eyes to the present state of things; and should this Bill fail in its enactmest and iyphoid fever or cholera sweep with a terrible plague over our hearths, as it has done (ivom the seme cause) in many an Eng- lish and Americen town, we know of few who wili care to condone their conduct cr excuse their wilful neglect.

7-7 Eo or

Imports and Exports.

In the course of his speech on the Budget, the Mioister of Marine and Fisheries said that “from 1874 to 1878, we exported in round numbers, 3314 000,006. and we imported $402,000.000. lo the four years, from 1880 to 1883, ivelusive, we exported $386,500,600. If we had imported at the same rate as they did, we should have imported $490,- 1) 000, but we only imported $399,000,- Ovv in that period. For the sake of comparisou, and to make the comparison fair, you shou d deduct the imports into Manitoba anu the Northwest Territories. During the period that the hon. gentle- meu oc¢upied the Treasury benches, there was very little comparatively imported into Mauitoba and the Northwest Terri- tories, but since the opeoing up of that country, under the present Administra- tion, the importations have been very large into Manitoba aad into the North- west Territories. Taking for four years, it amouats to nearly $20,000,000. Deduct the four years previous, avd you have $18,000,000. ‘Take that from the imports of $399 000,000, for comparison, aud you have net $3461,000,000 of imports into the old Provinces of Canada. As compared with what we should have imported, if we imported at the same rate as they did, we have a saving of $109,000- 000. That is, that, if we take our ex- ports as the basis, an had imported at the same rate they did, from 1874 to 1878, we should have imported $10),- 000,000 more* than we have imported. And so we would; but we are not to suppose that the people of this country have used less goods than they did {from | 1874 to 1878. We are vot to suppose) that there have been fewer cusiomers to merchants. ‘Fewer . merchants have failed, aud therefore the inference that there have been more cus- tomers to stistain those merchants, aud more people to consume the goods ; aud itis net to be supposed that we have covsumed $109,000 000 worth

of goods less in proportion, than we did

is

in the period from 1874 to 1878, The! ing his books, whicli are invalanble

good. ander this poliey have been mauu- factured iu the country, and the $199,- 000,000, as ‘Shown by this result, have given employment to the laboring class of thie country, and that employment his sustained the merchants aud pre

veuted tue LukrusAcies.”

. l« r supply being polluted from}

THE DAILY

Moutreal | time there are 600 or 700 cheese factories Gazette an article which will be read|in Ontario, and about 800 scattered over the other Provinces; and nowhere in the world is there a better system of cheese- making or better cheése made. other hand, much of the buiter made here I: should not be forgotten that ‘is very bad.

We quote from the

with interes!, as showing, from the | latest date, the state of the public revenue, and the condition and tendencies of trade. the

falling off

duties on tea, coffee, tin, wire, tobacco, | butter-packing.

and otber articles.

PAALIAMERTARY

CORRESPONDENCE,

Orrawa, March 3. REPRESENTATION OF A question which must, ere many years, | if not at once, be dealt with in a practical | way, was bronght forward today by Mr. | Cameron of Huron. Mr. Cameron intro- duced a Bill providing for the representa- tion of the Northwest in the Dominion Parliament by the holding of elections therefor on or before the first December next. Of course, the measure is one which will originate with the Government as soon as they think the time has arrived to do so. No doubt the Government will be glad to

THE NORTHWEST. }

|consider the provisions of Mr. Cameron’s

Bill. Indeed, Sir John said they would. But Mr. Cameron must wait, perhaps many many years, before he can be permitted to do the duties of the Minister of the In- terior,

STEAMBOAT INSPECTION,

| The important subject of Steamboat {Inspection is now under disevssion. It seems, from what the representatives of the surrounding districts say, that, while the Inspectors have been much stricter than need be in .P. E. Island, some ef the steambeats on the great Lakes have been permitted to ply an a highly dangerous sia‘e.

A CHAPTER ON HORTICULTURE, AGRICULTURE, ETC.

Mr. Gigault’s special committee have not yet brought forth anything very important or interesting with respect to agriculture. A few daysago, however, they heard what Mr. Gibb had to say about foresting and fruit trees: Mr. Gibb has travelled in Great Britain, Germany, Rus- sia, and other European countries, making particular observations respecting their horticulture. In fact he is a scientific and practical horticulturist, who has written a book. In his opinion trees obtained in Russia might, perhaps, thrive in the Great Northwest, where the great obstacle is the cold. Southern trees wili not, he thinks, thrive in Northern climes; but there is good reason for believing that the trees which thrive in Germany and Russia would thrive in the Northwest. These trees should, he says, be imported, tested in the experimental grounds, and sold to the people of the neighborhoods. At first trees of quick and easy growth shonld be tried. Of the non-fruit beating trees required in the Northwest, it would be well at first to import the white willow, the white silver poplar, the white ash, the Norway spruce and other hardy and rapid growing varie- ties. For the Northwest the question was to obtain trees which would mature as soon as possible. Throughout Europe, forestry is Jooked upon asasudject of great im- portance. ~ The Government of Rnssia own and manage over two hundred forestry stations, and there are numerous planta- tions of fruit trees under the control of the Government of Russia, Germany and other Europeans countries. While in Russia, Mr. (Gibb spent abowt three months in the coldest habitable regions of the earth, and he found there fruits which flourished. At points in which the temperature ranged zonsiderably lower than it does in Canada, ne found excellent fruit in apples and pears; and cherries im great quantities. The trees which prodaced this fruit are suited to the climate end need no special cate, and there is no reason to doubt that, if transplanted in this country they would prove equally vigorous and plentiful. They should, in Mr. Gibb’s opinion, be imported here in quantities. In Germany all the school teachers are required to know some- thing of agriculture and horticulture; and each teacher is provided with a little plot of land im which he is expected to impart in- struction, in a practical way. to his pupils. Wherein, surely, lies a hint for P. E. Island! Our lack however in fruit growing ia not, Mr. Gibb thinks, so mueh a lack in culture as it is of the varieties of fruit suited to our climate —varieties which we can grow to a profit. If we had an experimental garden or plantation, we could import from Russia and Northern China the varieties we require, we could test and propagate thsm here, and they could be distributed to the creat advantage of the country. In lowa there were eight or ten of these ex- perimental gardners, and in Minnesota as many more. Otiawa would bea very good place for a central garden of this kind; and smaller ones might be established in differ- ent directions throughout the country. Ten acres would at first be sufficient for the proposed garden; bat Mr. Gibb would like to have another ten acres alongside to be made available if required: May it not be that one of the principal causes why fruit growing is not more genera}ly successfuly throughout our Prevince, lies in the fact that we have not taken cave to obtain varieties of trees which will flourish in our climate? And might not the reeommenda- tion of Mr. Gibb be worth considering in our behalf ?

In conclusion, Mr. Gibb spoke of the hardy varieties of excellent wheat he saw in Russia, whieh, he thought, should be imported into and tested in Canada. Hae also referred to the success with which the Russians cultivated the sugar beet, and said that almost all the’ sugar used in Russia was the product of the beet.

BUTTER AND CHEESE

A week or twoago we had hero a Prof. ; Arnold, wko js great in philosophy and poetry; and now we have here a Prof. Arnold who is as great in butter and cheese. The latter, at all events, is a plain, straightforward, practical man, whose special study and delight is in milk and what’s to he done aboutit, He was heard by the Committee on Immigration and Colonization. It seems that besides writ-

the annual cheese product of this country | worth, from-

pounds,

jis pow be 000 , 000 By UW, ho 87, 000, 4t the present

in the current year’s | opinion of the Professor, annually lost to revenue is due in part to the remission of | Canada through careless butter-making and

But he does not think ‘association, combination and factories |will ever do as much towards | raising .the quantity and value of)

of our butter product as they have done in raising the quantity and value of our cheese | products. eries will ever, to any great extent, take the place of our private butter dairies. 1'The common cows of the country are, the

+ ThePresident said he considered it one

+forms the work provided it is well done; that

—

mx AMIN

On the

Fully $5,000,000 is, in the

Nor does he think that cream-

Professor thinks, best suited to the dairying purposes of the country; and a cow which vives tive thousand pounds of milk a year does well, Out of five chousand pounds of milk five hundred pounds of cheese raay be made; and cheese at six or seven cents a pound will, in the Professor's opinion, give a higher profit than grain growing.

Notes. We have had terrible weather. The thermometer is reported to have been twenty-five below zero this morning--

though that is probably a slight exagyer- ation; and the snow lies from three to tour feet deep on the streets. This, it should be explained, includes the snow shovelled from the sidewalks. They do clear the sidewalks here!

Soe +- —

Educational Institute.

THe regular meeting of the Institute was held last evening at its usual place of meeting —~President J. T. Mellish, Esq, presiding. After some routine business, Miss M. Lawson, by request of the President, read her paper on ‘‘Work,” read before the Institute at its last meeting. Asa pretty full report of Miss Lawson’s essay has appeared in our columns, it is not necessary that we should offer any iurther remarks, of the best written papers read before the Institute, and after some further remarks im commendation of the essay, invited all present to exprcss their views on the subject of the paper.

Dr. Leeming listened to the reading of the peper with very great pleasar A great point was that pupils should not ve aided too much by the teacher in their studics; that if good is to result from thore studles, their in- tellects should be exercised or brought into requisition by requiring them to do consider- able ot the study for themse!ves, and to be aidedenly when difficulties present them- selves; arything else than this ig but cramming, and resalts will not be lasting,

Mr. Seaman considered the essay eminently practical, and was) favorably impressed witn the position teken by the authoress. He stated that it was a difficult matier to get popils to see the diguity of labor. On the subject of “home work:”he considered that the majority of teachers require too much of their pupils; this he attributed ‘to a mistaken notion of parents, that unless their children had a great many tasks to study at home, that they could not possib'y be lear: ing anything at school, He was opposed to as t course of studies, as he believed it was a spur to drive the teacher to overwork his pupils It was hinted in the essay that public opinio. seemed to. be opposed to woman's entering upon certain work or callings; but Mr. Seafan believed that woman should be free to enter into every field of labor for which she was qualified.

Mr. McSwain ssid many good points were brought out m the essay; and, in his remarks, especially dwelt upon ‘‘earnestmess.” He thought a lerge proportion of pupils can be impressed favorably where the teacher has proper control; was in favor of ungraded schools when the discipline is well maintained, as he believed a greater amount of work could be got through with; thought Miss |.awson believed in ‘‘Woman’s Rights,” and did not agree with her; did not think women had any right to select what was pleasing to herself, and leave to men what was disagree- able to themseives.

Mr. Moutgomery said that thesubject of the paper Was an important one. He referred to the time spent by pupils in their studies, and stated that the youngest should be kept no longer than two or two and a haif hours each day in the schoolroom; but that as they advance in years they will find ‘‘home work” necessary; thatif there is earnestness in the teacher, there wi!! be a corresponding earnest- ness in the pupils;that unless there is earnest- ness in the pupils no real.work can be accomplished; that the greatest tact ia re- quired by the teacher in importing instruction to the pupils, and this earnestness should be kept up persistently. He could not see by what reasoning, or by what lew, “‘human or divine,” one of the sexes should assign certain work to themselves, and say that other work was for the other sex, could not see any reason for drawing an arbitrary line; and believed that it was no difference who per-

women should be permitted to du what they can do most ¢ffectively.

Mr. Miller agreed with most of the remarks made by the last speakers, and expressed him- self well pleased with the remarks in the essay; that if the views brought out by Miss Larson were carried opt into practical life they would have a most beneficial efect; that if a teacher feels the importance of the work in Which he is engaged, his pupils will see the necessity of earnestness; that work should be presented ina proper way, and believed iu independent work on the part of the pupils, and eonsidered that too muchhelp was given; that a pupil should first berequired to solve a question for himself, and when he has tried and failed, help will be appreciated. He con- sid. red the paper contained excellent views on the dignity of labor.

Remarks were also made by others; after which Miss Lawson received the thanks of the Institute for her thoughtfully written paper.

As Miss Barr was unable to complete her paper on “‘Home Work,” for this meeting of the Institute, it was resolved that she be in- vited to read it at a future meeting,

: el FOR SALE, jy Old Baptist Church Property, on

Great George Street, next to premises Jately oceupied by the Bank of P. K. Island. For terms of sale and other particulars

apply to F. H. ARNAUD, 8 alifax.

Merchants Bank Mareh 1, 1554. TO LEE 7s RAILWAY HOUSE, situated on Richmond Street, near London House.

a a

Vowels

Also a shop odjoining, 16x30 feet. Apply te

THOMAS CAMPRELL Ch town, Feb, 23, 1854.—t#

> Se

BOHM 20,

AO OO OL Ay a a

Mi

15&4

ui,

E. W. TAYLOR,

WATGHMAKER & JEWELER,

| | |

Queen Street, Next Door to W. R. Watson's,

|

WILL BE OPENED ‘ON MONDAY NEXT.

(te

A. LO? Ge

SILVERWARE, JEWELRY, WATGHES & CLOCKS,

SLIGHTLY DAMAGED AT LATE FIRE,

Will be Offered at a Great Reduction.

Charlottetown, March 8, 1884—3i eod wkiy 21

W.& A. BREWN & C8.

—HAVE—

RESUMED BUSINESS

FOR THE PRESENT, IN THE

Store formerly occupied by H.A. Harvie,

QUEEN STREET, NEARLY OPPOSITE WATSON'S DRUG STORE.

Ch’town, March 6, 1884,—dy wkiy

————

———————— ee

.

DESBRISAY & ANGUS,

AGENTS OF ‘THE

QUEEN AND AGRICULTURAL INSURANCE COMPANIES,

X7 HILE thanking the Citizens of Charlottetown for their

past patronage, and assistance during the late fire, have to announce that the-- have taken the office in

Stevenson’s Building, CORNER QUEEN AND SYDNEY STREETS,

Where they are prepared to do business. Ch’town, Feb. 22, 1884.

EE

i a el aa a ee a eg ne

ae mf

GREAT SALE OF new Cottons.

oe, Qo

We have just opened a large Stock of

ENGLISH AND AMERICAN PRIRTS, NEW SPRING STYLES. Received Before | the Advance in Duty.

—:0:—

We have an immense stock of

GREY AND WHITE COTTONS,

Purchased when the Cotton market was at the lowest point of depression.

Kieecy Coitens, Sheeting Cottens,

Pillow Cottous,

TABLE LINEN AND NAPKINS, and ‘Towelling,

TAPESTRY, SCGTCH AND BRUSSELS CARPETS,

And other House Furnishing Goods.

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL CHOICE TEAS, VERY CHEAP!

By the Chest, Half-Chest, and Quarter-Chest. Also, in Packages

of 9, 10, 10 and 20 pounds,

GEC. DAVIES & CO.

—Ch’town, Feb. 11, 1884.

eetetneineeinpctaes ’

ther notice. —Jony Niewsun,

good.

Mrs, Oruskill's, Plewsant Street,

GRAND CONCERT

To be he'd under the auspices of the

BENEVOLENT IRISH SOCIETY,

WILL BE GIVEN ON

ST; PATRI K’S NIGHT

IN Thik

MAREE 'T

tT ALT, PR G?sé MME.

PART I,

Overture— Queen of the Valley . +» Bigg Orche tral Club, —— Chorus-—Let Krin Remem)er the Days of Ol.

M

St. Dunstan’s Choir, ~”

Solo (vocal) —When the Tide Comes In, «cea Millard

Miss Newbery,

Cornet Solo—The Green Little Shamrock... Mr. Fletcher.

So’o (vecal)—Am I Remembered in Rrin,..,

MeGour

Mrs. Blake, “

The Minstre! Boy ti

Cacras St lt urstau’s Ch ir.

Laie Moore

Selo (vova!l) -The Waitir g Hewt. mtn - Ne

Solo (voea}) -—The Lamert ot the Irish

ee a ee Raker

Mr. (. Hermans.

Orchestral Club. pe ee Mr. F. J. Conroy PART IL. lisse Deod—~—Dectiin D......0s sent The Misses Quirk, hn teases: oond Mrs. : trickiand. Chorus—The Last Rose of Summer... . Moore St. Danstan’s Choir.

Solo (vecal)—The Moneich of the Wood...,

Mr. Reid.

Vielin Solo and String Quartette--Ave Marie Gounod

Mr. Vinuicombe and U. chestra' Club,

Solo (voca!)—The Shamrock.......,.. Moore Mr. Caven. Solo (voce!)— he Last Glimpseot Erin, . Moore Mre, Gaffoey.

Waltzcs—Breeze of Night.......... Lamothe Orchestral Club. Chorus—omettic Scenes.......... Lockwood

St. Dunstan’s Choir. GOD SAVE THE QUFEN, Admission— Reserved Seats, 50 cents; Un- reser ved, 25 cents. Deors open at 7.30:p. m;

Concert at eight p. m. ’ March 13, 1854.

oe

Executors’ Notice,

E, the und reigned, execators of the

last will and tcetament of the late Alexander Swmpsin, of Hope River, in Qnueen’s County, deceased, hereby notify all parties indebted to the + state to more imme. diate payment to the undersig-«d. Also, all parties hoving legal demands against said estate toe present (hem, Culy attected within twelve calendar months from date,

ALRERT SIMPSON, JOBN SIMPSON, Jr

Hope River, Janu ty 18th, '884. jmairl3 4w wkly 4i

J A CHIPMAN & CO,

Are Offering «x Warehouse,

40 brls. Medium and Argh Grade Patents (American and Canadian), 125 bris Low Grade Bakers,

OFFICE OPPOSITE RANKIN HOUSE.

N, B—We are now prepared to receive orders for Spring Importation _ Flour, Corn. meaj, ete. Alvo, parties having Oats or Malt ing Barley for sale would do well tg call.

J. ¥. SHATFORD, Agent.

; Executors,

Ch’town, March 13,

nee nti eens

Lobster Canning Factory - FOR SALE

CYR ee and in excellcnt order—1,600 ‘Traps, Boats, Can Makers’ Tools, Board. ing House,

STOCK—comprising ‘tin Plates, Cans, Tim, Lead, Soider, Paint, Laveis, etc., ready for immediate use, Inquiie of

MESSRS, FOOLE & LEWIS, Obarlottetown Feb. 26,—2w~

a ; AC.

LADY OR GENTLEMAN or a small family, can have rooms, furnished oF unfuraished, with use of kitchen if desired, im a respectable family, in a pleasant cent part of the city, by applying at this office, oF address ‘*J, C.,” KXaMINER OFFICE.

WANTS, LOST, FOUND

— E

[mar 15 3i

BPQXOR SALE—A large fire-proof Save

(nearly “new ). App'y at McNeill’s Auction Reom {marl4

RE a

FFICE SAFE—W ill be sold at a bargain if applied for at «nce. Enquire at this fiice. {marl4 qvOR SALE-~—A Prepety «n a priucipal street, having a irontaye of ninety-eight fect, and vow yielding an income of 8300. For particulars apply at this ofjice,

{marl3 6in

Te Parties having in their possession & set of new Driving Harness, taken from the fire of the 20th February, wit! oblige by returning them to the subecriber without fur- {mai8

ANTED—A good COOK and DINING ROOM GIRL, for “a Hotel. Wages

Apply at this office. [yaar] 3i eod pa

ANTED—A GIRL for general howse work in a family of three, Apply t

W