PAGE FOUR

THE GUARDIAN.

-CHARLOTTETOWN

APRIL 19, 1950

THE GUARDIAN

Ilorulng Dally tlolndul In mu) Author-lull u loeoud Clue Ildii Pool llopnrtlnut. OIIIIVI The Island Guardian Publishing cc. Iditor and Iuuglng Director. J. IL Burnt! Auoolnu Editor, In-uh Walker.

Ofllu

."Thc Strongest Memory is Weaker Than - the Weakest ink."

CHARLOTTETOWN. WEDNESDAY. APRIL 19. I950

1775 And All That

At Lexington, Mass., 175 years ago was fired the first shot of the Revolutionary War, the war for American independence. That it should also have caused to burn more brightly the flame of freedom under the British Crown was, perhaps, as great a consequence as the emergence of the United States of America.

Warned by the alarm riders Paul Revere and William Dawes, the Minute Men of Lex- ington, some 70 strong, awaited the arrival of Major Pitcairn and his advance guard of too red coals. Finding ”a body of the coun- try people drawn up in military order with urms and accoutrements," the Major three times called upon them to, "Disperse, ye rebels!”

In reply came the command of Captain Parker, ”Stand your ground. Don't fire un- less fired upon but if they mean to have a war, let it begin here.” It is still disputed who fired first but the first blood was shed.

Initial British success was succeeded in the face of heavy reinforcement of the Minutemen, by retreat through a hostile countryside to Boston.

Even at that time, the revolting colon- lsts were not alone in their struggle. Many Englishmen, notably Charles James Fox and his followers, opposed the policies of Lord North and the King which led to the Revolu- tion. Today the wounds of Lexington have long since healed and Americans pay tri- bute to those who fought for liberty when it was menaced both in the old land and in the new.

Tllllninlsillng Tariffs

The new Canadian customs tariff book will be published later this year. A book of more than 500 pages listing more than 1,600 items, it will not be a best seller. But it will be indispensable to importers here and it will be studied by exporters abroad. The old book was a consolidation made in 1944, but it had become a hodgepodge in view of the many changes pasted in it. The Geneva agreement, for instance. made changes in 1,000 items of the Canadian tariff. The new book will carry three classifications: Brit- lsh preference (usually the lowest); inter- mediate (for most-favored nations); general 'lfor nations with which Canada has no trade agreement.)

The book tells the story of a diminishing tariff wall. Twenty-five years ago, only ten countries outside the Commonwealth enjoy- ed intermediate rates. Now only 16, includ- ing Japan, Soviet Russia and its satellites, remain in the general tariff category when trading with Canada.

Canada's present day imposts on im- ported goods are the lowest in modern times. Last year's figures have not been worked out but they compare with -1943 when the average duty collected on all im- ported goods, dutiable and free. was nine per cent. This is less than half the average in 1932.

Farm Prices And costs

The rise of farm costs began to steady off in 1949. The index number of com- modities and services used by farmers, published in January, April and August, 1949, by the Dominion Bureau of Statistics, showed a peak (composite costs, including living costs) of 192.3 in August. The 190 mark was first reached in August, 1948, after a steady and persistent rise, but since then-costs have shown an inclination toward a seasonal fluctuation, though the drop in January, 1950, was still slightly more than in January, 1949, when the index number stood at 187.7. Costs in western Canada did not touch 190 until August, 1949, when the figure stood at 191. By January the western index had dropped to 185.7.

Farm wages have shown a tendency to drop during the past year. Daily wages of male farm help as at January 15 were down from the same date in 1949, though still up above 1948, except in the Maritime Prov- Incas and Quebec. Fairly sharp decreases were evident in average wages per month, with bbard. in all provinces but Alberta.

showed an increase from 376.67 to

, . Monthly wages without board were if in all provinces except Ontario and ya Jlhritimes.

,-Avg:-age values per acre of occupied Vhlidwere still going up in all provinces Quebec and Saskatchewan. The lot- u -- at 324 per core, the lowest in g showed on increase from -m low and Manitoba from 834 I oltoccuplod Ilfln land in car...

by the Dominion Bureau of Statistics at the

beginning of March.

Meanwhile, the index of prices received by farmers for agricultural products for January, 1950, has been estimated by the Bureau of Statistics at 239.3, which com- pares with 246,last December and 257.7 in January, 1949. It should be noted that in- dex values for oats and barley since July have been influenced by the fact that only an initial payment of 60 cents per bushel for No. 1 feed oats and 87 cents per bushel for No. 1 feed barley have been taken into consideration. Participation payments which may be made later will be added to the in- itial prices and the index revised upward accordingly.

EDITORIAL NOIES

When we are clear of storm windows and

rubbers. Spring will be really here. I O 0

Classification is apt to be all arbitrary process but the Ottawa Citizen has establish- ed one based on observation. Small boys. that paper notes, fall into two classes-.the clean and the happy.

0 I O y

The Russian request that Denmark grant her permission to establish a temporary base for salvage operations on an island in the Baltic reminds one of the proverbial Arab and his camel that wanted permission to put its head in his tent.

O O O

In France they are very much ahead of us in the public use of electricity. The Technical Services of the Ministry of In- dustry and Commerce have announced that street lighting all through the country is to be free. Fancy that.

C O I

In what are called the "dog days” when no one is doing anything - newsworthy. editors are apt to look around for sea ser- pents or, more recently flying saucers. This retarded Spring is far from the dog days but it would seem that the absence of Pre- mier Jones from the Province causes a sim- ilar dearth of colourful copy.

I O O

The great majority of car drivers in this Province learn to handle a car without bene- fit of formal instruction by a trained teach- er. It would be difficult to devise a more dangerous instrument in unskilled hands than a high powered automobile, yet there is less attention paid to developing safe drivers than to the training of swimmers.

0 O 0

Montreal is reported to have the highest per capita consumption of fish of the 11 con- suming regions of the country. If the con- ditions existing there of excellent communi- cations, specialized handling and skilled pre- paration could be duplicated elsewhere, the consumption: of fish products would make the problem one of supply rather than de-

mand. O O 9

Over 900 boys of Harrow County School each received one pound of apples as a gift from the fruit growers of British Columbia last week. The Hon. Byron Johnson, Prem- ier of British Columbia, was present to dis- tribute some of -the apples to the boys. This was part of the generous gift of 20,000 cases of apples from the fruit growers of British Columbia, which is being distributed through the Commonwealth Gift Centre.

C O I

Benjamin Disraeli, Earl of Beaconsfield, died this date 1881. Successful novelist and dandy, he was unsuccessful as a Radical in politics. ,Returned as Conservative member, made disastrous failure of his maiden speech, but though shouted down was heard to say, "I will sit down now, but the time will come when you will hear me.” An early enthusiasm for social reform gave place to imperialism and a spirited foreign policy. In 1876 he made Queen Victoria Empress of India and bought the Suez Canal

shares. . O O I

The rootntiy published news that France has started to examine a plan for the con- struction of autostrada will give particular pleasure to those who are aware of the geo- graphical importance of the country in rela- tion to Europe, and especially to those who remain true still to certain values in civiliza- tion. Up till now, while indisputably posses- sing the finest system of major and sec- ondary roads in Europe. France has as yet very few routes specially adapted to the mo- tor-car and its needs. Whoever has driven a car along an Italian or German autostrada knows that the feeling of absolute safety ex- perienced on them is incomparably greater than the one (often an illusory one) felt on the best of our "National Highways." The construction of roads set aside for the sole use of the motor-car. planned accord- ing to its speed and all foreseeable circum- stances is a necessity for which the new countries are making provision with the greatest enthusiasm: in the U. S. A. more than forty autostrada are in course of obn- structlon; modern times demand that some should be run across France. from North to South, Rom the sea to the Alps and to the

.vslusof,840wurepol-tad Rhino.

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.1 I

IN PRIZE A ship was built in Glasgow. and on. she looked s daisy- (Jusl; the way that some ships do!) An' the only thing against 'er was she allus steered so crazy can it: true. my Johnny Bowline, true!)

They sent 'er out 'in ballast. to Oregon for lumber, T

An' before she dropped her pilot she all but lost. 'er number.

They sold 'er into Norway because she steered so funny,

An' she nearly went to glory before they drawed the money.

They sold 'cr out; o' Norway-they sold ier into Chile.

Ant Chile got a ba.rga.in because she steered so silly.

They chartered 'u- to Germsm with a bunch o' greasers for-

rard; Old shellbaoks wouldn't touch 'ar -because she steered so 'orrld.

But. she'll fetch her price at am tlon, for, oh, she looks a

daisy. (Just the way that some ships do!) An' the chaps as tops the blddm wont know she steers so

crazy , (But its true, my Jol-mny Bowlme. true!)

' -Cicely Fox Smith.

True Liberalism ME. C. A. GLADSTONE in the Times. London

My grandfather was four times Liberal Prime Minister. 1 am a liberal by birth and tradition, by instinct, and by conviction. I feel more of a liberal tmgay than ever before. Furthermore. I believe that this urge to liberalism--this longing for individual f. i . this feeling at toleratlon and mutual sympathy -lies in the hearts of every one in this country who is not is convinced State-Socialist. We are all liberals.

And yet I am entirely unable to offer my support or my vote to the Liberal Party. I do not believe it to be truly liberal. Liberalism is the antithesis of state-Socialism. But. tho Liberal Party has been pander- ing to State-Socialism since 19-J3. Frequently Liberal members of Parliament have either voted for or acquiesced in projects of nation- allaatlon.

It is a. grievous and deplorable fact that rancour against their old enemies and rivals is still very strong in the hearts of the Liberal Party. To any the least of it this nncour is not ngmnllnous: it is not liberal.

It even appears that the first article in the Liberal Party creed is bitter and everlasting hatred of Toryism. the second article 3 gen- eral dislike of State-Socialism. What. objections can the Liberal Party find in the conservative Party policy? In what way is it not liberal? My conviction is that than

policy. outlookgand ideals.

We are told that if Liberal candl- dntes had not stoodllor election, I large number of voters would have voted Soclsllsi. rather than return the hated Tories to power, Tim. may be so. but let not those people clli themselves liberals: they Irv- undecided wobblon from the centre. A liberal must be an out-and-out fighter against the dead band of tho master sure.

It. I: my hope that. at the next

election. all liberal-minded 1110'! and this numb)! lncludu count;

4-4 No ISTHEB s .c.uEll,lg ETTIMETO

Tao, IC You pow-r M. hours AND ALI.

Conservative Party In liberal in.

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on You can, No THE Glass. , nucme roYoun.rser.' ;

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AND PILOUGH IT UP FOR HIM---HE MAY -- LETEND To PLANT POTATOES THERE 114:5 VEAQ

ANY W Y... .1- 2

Mr. King's Papers

(Winnipeg Free Press)

C.madla.ns who are awaiting the lpubllcatlon of Mr. Klngls memoirs with much eagerness will natur- ally be interested in the announce- ment. that 85 oer cent, of Presi- ldent. Roosevelt's personal papers, which total five million items, have now been opened to the pub- lie for research purposes. The re- malnlng 15 per cent. will not be made public for another 5 yous. partly because of the subjects they treat and partly because of a da- sin. to avoid causing pain or em- barrassment to some or his col- leagues and opponents who are still active.

There seems to be a doubtful morality, to say the least, about delaying one's comment on publib questions until all those affected by it are in the grave and unable to answer back in their own db- fence. But Mr. Roosevelt's trus- tees. in this regard, are merely following the precedents of many generations of political biography.

0 0 a

Mr. King's position is different in many aspects from Mr. Roose- velt's. For one thing, the oath of cabinet secrecy, if strictly on- forced. may serve to keep some of Mr. King's papers under 3 soul of lasting silence. A different. tradi- tlon. together with different con- stitutions! usages, grant wider lat- itude to the Roosevelt trustees.

Yet the example of numerous British cabinet ministers, including Lloyd George and Winston Churchill. who have filled their books with summaries of ” t discussions and the mproductlon of cabinet memoranda, prove that even the oath of secrecy must be interpreted in light of the public interest which it was designed to serve and without which it has no validity.

0 O I I

A Still more delicate question is raised by the fate of Mr. King's private diary. The muse of his- tory would wlnce at its destruc- tion or needlessly delayed publicl- tlon. for it is a document of unique value; and its importance depends upon the degree with which it. is given the world as originally writ- ten. frca from unnecessary plug. in; and avoiding even the faint. est. hint of retrospective wisdom. Bctter no diary at all than 3 docu. ment of self-justification.

Mr. King has always been con- scious of his obligations to history and his Judgment as to what new is his proper course must perforce be accepted by the Canadian pub- lic- Perm-Ds some division of the Kins Diners. on the Roosevelt model, with the bulk of the mat- erial becoming immediately avail- able and the rest being reserved for a quieter hour. may prove the wisest policy. The danger of 4.. lay must never be forgotten.

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. . Y: tory.,;. wanna-aclioli

In lookoth upon non; and It In! toy. I luv. sinned and par- vcrhd cm which I'll right. and II Mvflfzad use not; no will dollo- or his soul from going Into the pit, Md his life nluu no in. line. .....gB.g.....,...g,

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3 no llgc-old

less thouunds of th who to- day call themselves hour) will rolls for conservative candidates Ind join in slaying an annulus monster.

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854

Old Charlottetown ma 1-. c. 1.)

HBO

WEALI: IN THE EILLBBOIIO

"on Tuesday last, the am inst. the son of Mr. John Ferzuson. Lot 43, is lad of about fourteon yen: of age, whilst ploughing, wu star- tied by hearing an extraordinary noise proceeding from Mr. Brad- dock's creek: upon solnsto investi- gate the causemcdiscovsred it pro- ceeded from I monster of the deep. which was evidently out of its inti- tude, and in difficulty. He immedi- ately rm home. when his father. with no other assistance than his son and 3 incl nuned Mocormack. about the same age, went to the creek. made a raft of loncen. And at once proceeded to the attack.

"They experienced some diffi- culty in approaching their destined prey. there being sufficient water in the creek to enable the whale to swim, and so the tide was rising rapidly. no time to be lost. After displaying considerable 'nnv:l tat.ics' for some time, they succeed- ed in getting sufficiently near to enable Mr. Ferguson to strike the prongs of I. manure drag into too bet.st's head; the blow proved mortal, and they triumphantly brought him safely on shore.

”Mr. Ferguson and the two boys deserve great praise for their gul- lsnt. conduct in attacking and se- curing so formidable an antagonist with no other weapon than the one used, and we sincerely hope the to.- suits of their brave conduct will amply compensate them for the risk they nn. We have heard from authority that the blubber. when boiled down, will yield from sixty to seventy gallons of oil. We believe this to be the first instance of a whole being taken in any of our rivers, and below we give his mea- surements. mmely. fifteen feet from the point. of the snout to the tip of the tall, two feet six inches across the tail, nine feet in circumference, and his estimated weight about two tons."

-Hazard! Gazette, Nov. 26. 185-L

ATTENTION

ALL BIIIDEIB OF SIOITHOINI

We have illtllllrhl for Bull: and Heifers open or bind. List Immediately anything nu like to all with the up danlgnod.

All shot-thorn awun an cordially Invited to Join our Association. Don't delay, In our help you.

Write to: JOHN PAIQUIII It roan DAY. President or

A.ll. nnrron, llnrnullflo,

OOIIPLETE vlsosr. . anrlmorlon IIIII ANALYSIS

llydnnu

Llvo Australian oysters have been flown to most part: of the world. They have been relished in London by Mr. Winston. Churchill and Viscount Mon mery. served to ' . in California. and are being sent by air from Sydney to Asian cities every week.

I the past three years one alr- ll alone has carried more than 4,000,000 to Hong Kong and Singa- pore.

Qantas Empire Airways. which carries the oyster: to Asia for a group of Australian oyster-farm leaaeholders. plans, when supplies are available. to extend the trade to many others of the 22 European. Oriental and Pacific countries cov- ered by its freighter services.

Airline freight officers made de- compression chamber tests with both out-of-the-shell and live oys- ter! (which normally keep for two or three weeks) before freightlng the first cargoes to Hong Kong and Singapore.

They found that neither height nor extreme cold affected the oyg. ters but even slight heal made them open their shells to "breathe." I! the temperature then dropped suddenly the cargo was damaged because the oysters closed their shells and "bit" one another. This caused shcll break- azes and flesh lacerations or bruises. Tests showed that the oysters unveiled best when packed loosely in wide mesh bag: and kept at A temperature of about 60 de- grees (Fahrenheit) during the

(light 0 0 0

Oysters for overseas and Austral. lan markets are IBM in standard Sacks 39 inches long and 25 inches Wide. each holding about 100 dozen. The wholesale price is about 2A7 (S15-50)-a rise of about i.'A2n0y- (55.50) since 1939. In Singapore,

the cafe price lstequlvalent to about 12y-(Australian) (51.30) 3 dozen.

The delicate flavour and tenure

Of the Australian oyster are claim. ed to be unequalled anywhere in the world. But greater supply” are needed to fill orders from Hawaii. India. and other markets. Australians themselves nrg spend. in! more than lA350.000 (s770.o00) "HWIUY on oysters and asking for more-oven at the prim-iv or rlym (33 cents) a dozen in the average cafe or hotel. ,1?! an effort to meet the situa- Um-lirowern and scientists are Work 1!! together on production- boouting plans.