Established 1823.

Ha.s'5a.rd’s Gazette. G EORGE 1'. ll {SI [R0, Proprietor and Vulilisher. |'..h|i;hg.l every Tu-sda evening and Saturday morning. 0_ficg,Sou|l| side Queen Squn_re, I’. E. lslirnil. 'I‘ It on as —A-mual Subacrrpuon, 15:». Discount for call!

in advance. ' ‘rerun or xnvlit-ristivo.

For the flrst insertion, occupying the space of 4 lines, incln lingli-nil,2e.—6lines,2v.6iI.—-9lineii,II»-nl MI. s.. 6l.—l6li-(as,-Is -20 lines, 4:. 6.l.—25 lines, ‘I swim... or. 6 i.—aei.’.m,s..—«mi 2a. forencli additional ’ One fourth of the above for each continuance.

' ' ' * " ' ' --illbeeoatiueed

until forlsiil.

THOMAS DOUGLASS, 5, PLJTT STREET. NEW YORK. Importer. and Dealer in every description of I“ore'Ign and Domestic H A R D W A HEAVY ENGLISH GOODS BY THE sou: AGENT roll Bee’: Braces, Turnsorews, 61.0. MASUFACTURER Of the Premium Steal Squares, l'ronuiuin Anger! and Bits, Arcs, S-iv-ket nod l"irmor Chisels, Patent Ilollow Angers, «Km. for Burlirtilaa IV.igo1 1512:. .\I iiiufaclurer, llurliogum, Vermont.

S. L. TILLEY, Wholesale and Retail Druggtst 15, KING ITREET, 8.1!./V1‘ JOHN‘, JV.

‘ DEALER IN _ BRITISH AND FOREIGN DRUGS,

PACKAGE.

Age-it DAVID KIMGILAND. St, Co.,

CHIIIICALI, Patent Medicines. Perfuuiery. Sunps, Spieril. I'niIIlI. um, (ilug, Putty, Varnish, &,c.. Confections in great variety. 6mx

Ganiusox er. MARSTERS. CUSTOM HOUSE & SHIP BROKERS,

' coauncncmn .635 FOR W:/IRDIJVG ' NTS,

Custom House Building. 81‘. JOHN, N. B. E Goods from .Englnnd or the United States may be forvvarda-.d to any part of this Province, Nova-Scotiu or I‘. E. IIl.IIMI by eousiguingdtlpi same to G. is .\I.. enclosiu Iu\'uii‘.i9, to prevent :2 aye. ‘ gfi Clinrges Moderate. % 3inx

BRASS FOUNDRY. AND MACHINE snop. BY W’. 0. H088. ' suit or , ll ld N °s‘.‘.l...i'."°'i).ii" d.},§.Ghi‘°i:‘ii'.§°'mi'iii. ° An Appretuica WIMG - i\I.iy IS. I334.

The National Lam Fund Life

Assurance Society of London. .\l'l'l‘.\l. £5t)l).i)l)l) Sterling I-Iuipow-cred by Art or P...-ii. ...m1, 2| Vi.-tori.i. A Saving Bank for

' I 0 ll .

the Widow and t is '|rp|ilr:‘[‘,“,” |l:‘v["_‘Nn.jr.

Agent for Prince l".dw:ird Island. 0 Ii~..-, Queen Sign ire, Charlottetown.

Suplcaibsr 5, I553.

Olnrlottoto wn Mutual Insurance _ CJ.n;).i;1y,

Incorporated by .\rt of l'airliiuii:nt in ISIS. ’l‘llI5l C0\ll'.\‘lY ulfcrs the best guarantee in

cuss of loss, and accepts ltiue at asaviug of [any 50 Pat gym, in the ns-sated.

'l'oe pruoaut reliable Cispllrtl etc-ads £1700: I Per Inns having property in'Chavlotteinvvn, or vicinity. .h.m|.,| 19.9....» tune to applying t- the Secretary of this L‘ompany fur Policies or lnfuriiiniion.

.17 One of l'bilipe' Fire Annihilators has been purchased by the Comp my, for the booefit of persons insured in this Utlice. In case it l-ire, the use ofit can be obtained iniuiediately, by applying in the

V '. 8°”"""’ 0"“ w. l|EAl{D.I'rerident HENRY l’.»\l..\lI'2ll. _ Sac'y and Treasurer. ' Secretary's Otlice, Kent Street, ; August itth, lubl.

ALLIANCE .LII'E' JJVD FIRE l.\t‘JUR.dJVCS COM- PJ1..\‘Y, L0..VDO.V. lsraaususn av AC1‘ or rannianazslr. cgpuu .£o,ooo.ooo surliu . CIIAKLES Y0 NG, Agent for I’. E. Island.

Equitable -Fire Insurance Compe- ‘ ny of London

Incorporated by Jr! of Parliament. OAR!) UP DIltEC‘I‘0llS for I‘. B. Island.-— Hon. 1'. H H.uu'lnml, Hon. Chorlu Hens- lly. Francis Lonrwertlt, Etq., Robert Hutchinson. E11, 7'ltmt.u Damon, Esq. U.-ruched tucks taken at low Premiums. No

other information, may be obtained from‘the dub- scriber, at the 0.ficeof G. W.Debhm Esq. t.herlotte-

ii. 1. CUNDALL. Ass-I

April 1:». IBM. for P- I‘- 1-

Nottoe of Co-partnership. i TIIE undersigned lnviug this day taken his Cou- ein, Mr. tixonoc Davin into t'ur_inenliip, the business hitherto curried on by him Individually. will in foiuvet-e conducted umlerilie style or flrm of, I). 31, G. AV|Ij. All person indebted to him will please make payment of their respective Aoeoepte to the new I-‘irui; Itnsl-all those to wltiun beds‘ to- ilabieil will pluaeo fersieb their Aoeoaate for liquids- lion.

DANIEL DAVIES. Queen's Square, Oct. 8. All papers Ow Tliaothy and Flex lead. frlll-1. ' but price will be paid hr 'l‘l.\I0'l‘IIY nd I‘ ax-ein:n.' during one present year, at 5e-#3.‘. fle¢sd‘e Desk lure. - -

nsnnnnis

.nannnns° 5®‘MiflMALgi' AME lllbdfifldhdldda Abvflfiflllbdh.

Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Saturday ,' November 4, 1854.

THE saxinwicit ISLANDS.

At the present tim:,-when the annexation of the Sandwich Islands to the ‘United States is a prominent subject for discussion, both in private and political circles, and

A when a treaty for this end is said to be even

now in process of consummation by the governments of the respective countries, a bricfsketch of this important little island- kingdoin cannot fail to be both interesting and appropriate.

The Sandwich Islands are situated near the centre ofthe North Pacific Ocean, between lot. I8 deg. 60 min. and 22 deg. 20 min. North nnd long. 15! deg. 5:3 min. and I60

eg. I5 min. VVest. This group forms, as it were, the northern advanced guard ofthe great island world of the Pacific. They are the half-wn_v station of the Pacific route, being ncnrly equidistant from the chief ports in America on the one side, and Asia on the other. They constitute the usual rendi-zvous for the whale-inen who frequent the northern Pacific seas. The group comprises twelve islands, which cover an aggregate area of sixty-one hun- dred square miles. Eight only of the is- lands nre inhabited.

This little island-empire of the western wor|d‘i.~i supposed to have been originally discovered by some Spanish navigator, as upon a chart found in a Spanish galleon which was captured by Lord Anson, in I718, there was laid down a ggoup islands answering in all essential respects to these. Captain Cook's discovery is the first, however, of which we have authentic record. This renowned navigator saw the islands and citst nnclior in the harbor of Wainieu in January of 1778. Vancouver was the nrxt visitor, and his arrival, which was in I792, created such 0. sensation that the King coded ll small island to the British; but it was never accepted. Subsequently many American vessels traded there for sandal wood, and I810 a school for the education oftlm young islnndersvas estab- lished by the Presbyterian Board of Foreign Missions. The first regular mission was organized in IBM), and utlerwurds succes- sive missionary parties were sent out, iiutil eventually the inhabitants were converted from it race of barbarous hcathens to it Christian nation.

The missionaries have been laboring, howover, among a ecnying race. When Cook visited the group in I778, it was teem- ing with inhabitants. He computed the population at four hundred thousand, and that liis computation did not greatly exceed the trtitli,'is shown by the abundant evi- dence which slill exists ofuoncc overflowing popnliition—by the countless footpaths not yet entirely overgrown with grass; by the .-lilies of iinciunt villngm-, ofvitried extent pnd IJ. cvi-ry liivoiirulilo p nsiiioii; und by the vairioiis t-i.-iiiaiiis nfteiupli.-s, lIqIl8- il-ii:t~i, 8i.c.. s«-inc of which would be rcgiird- cil its i-xtruoriliiiury works even in the United States. \NiIhin the comparatively bricl'iip:ice of seventy-six years, this dense population has dwindled down to sixty-five thoiisond, and of this number, nearly ten thousand, are whites. In I818, the year when the last census was taken, the total popu- lation was 80,611; the number of births, |,~l7d; deaths, 7,9-I3; thus giving a de- crease during the your of 6,466 inhabitants, and this is about the average iinnunl de- crease. The nation's course of empire is fulfilled. it hits long since passed the sum- mit of its glory, and is now rapidly fading away. In the language of a native histo- rian, “On account of the magnitude of these evils which have come upon the King- dom, the Kingdom is sick; it is reduced to it skeleton, and is near death; yea, the whole Hawaiian Kingdom is near to ii close.”

The causes of the rapid decrease oftbe numerous population which once flourished throughout the group of islands; may be traced chiefly to the evils which naturally attend an excess of savage population. Iti- dolence was one great cause of their dc- cline. This vice seems. to have been con- stitutiounl with the Islanders, and to have grown from the mildness ofthe climate, the profusion of nature’: bounties and the un- certain tenor by which they held their pos- sessions. Pestilence, another prominent cause of their decoy, has at times swept over the island, and found many victims among the indolent, sensual natives. When Kitmeliitmebti I. resided at Oithu, more than balfthe population ol' the Island was swept nway in in single your by u dreadful disease. Licentioiisuess has been. and still continues to be, perliups, the most powerful, and at the nine time the most deplorable source of their decline. Before the good effects of the missionary‘: work began to be manifest, the crime of infanticide was frightfully pre- valent among the people. It was so com- mon that its parallel was never known in an other country. uman sacrifice-, too, was practised upon evcryJiublic occasion; and the allure which reclte with the blood of the victims at the conclusion of every war or victory, at every failure or remarkable sseeeseof the crops, at every sickness, re-

0 '5

'c,,,,e,.y, 0,. dug, of 3 king, “in remain, i tioneofihe clly—an arrangement, the wisdom or mom“,-"I memorhll, of the Pup what W," l which the recent deplorable loss of the Messrs.

bathe result of this gradual decay. Of lltli passing away of the original inhabitants of the soil none can tell; whether they will conform with the habits and customs of civi- lized people, and ultimately become amalga- mated with their white brothers, or whether l the curse which seems to hang over them will remain unfulfilled so long as their con- tinues among the living one in whose veins flows the blood of the tribe of the Kameha- mehas, remains to be seen.

It is estimated that the sixtv-one hundred square miles which comprise the area ofthe Sandwick Islands, is capable of supporting between four and five hundred thousand hu- man beings. The soil, which is favorably sitiintnrl for cultivation, is generally very fertile. A considerable amount of sugar is already manufucturedthere, and it has been computed, that one hundred thousand acres upon four ofthe principal islands might be easily made to produce three thousand pounds of sugar per acre; which, at five cents a pound, would be worth fifteen mil- lion dollars. Efforts have been made to intro- duce tbe culture ofsilk upon the islands, but owing to it heavy drought, added to the_ ignorance of the proprietors, and other un- favorable circumstances, the project fell throng .

But it is not by any menus in natural pro-

ductions, that the importance ofthe islands consists; it is rather in their position as on entrepot, or neutral station for trade. The commerce of the islands is considerable, and is increasing from year to year. it I824, forty-six years after they weré_ visited by Captain Cook, one hundred and three ves- sols touched there. In I852, the islands were visited by five hundred and eighty-five- vessels. The Legislative power is vested in in King, a House of Nobles and a House of Rep:-esqntntives. The Legislature ussem- bles annunlly in the first week in April. Kamehameha III, the reigning King,.is more than forty years of age, org is said to be tall, robust, amiable, intoll em, and generally: prepossessing in nppea:'ance.—- Boslon Journal.

THE BOOK TRADE IN NEW YORK. -run arruzrozvs.

The shop: in _New York are both causes and . effects of its prosperity; and when luxury and good tests are associated willi industry and bare money's worth, its in the case of the marble pa- lace‘of the New-site, and in the new accommlaii- one of the Appleions, it is a gain to all parties.

‘he purchaser will buy his book as clwiiply or (with the vxicusion of the business) clteqpi.-r than ever, and will liavv his property beside in the cou- venience and elegance about. him. This is trui- croimli of every line shop , but too most of all a bookstore WltIl'll is converted at once from n more wars-ru-.m Illlti it costly l'ri-.- |)lIl|'Il7 lil‘rar_v. '|'i,,. l|(I~-l\'!ilIl'l\r‘l of the .\||plI!tIIIIB \I'l‘. consider mi iin happy fltlllllltllilllflll «If the ulillil-nary ll|'ll prri--il- rd ilwui. C:-rtzituli ItII\\ltt'I'(‘. “Ill be 1'. um] ,_:.e..i. er l.’|t'lll|l8I fur the l(lltlWlt'tIL’B of all the lllilcl impuilaut departments of iiir-intone in itie new, and esieeially the more valuable works of the dnv. he den in whicli an linylish pu'-Iishi-r hides himself, or the utiler room ftuin vrliich his puhilcationa are sold to his ruslomers, i-flers no such advantages to the purchaser. You will find no such brilliant establishments for books among the famous houses for wares of all other kinds in Oxford Street, Regent Street. or the Boulevar-ls. —'I'lie building now occupied by the Appleton; was originally built lot‘ the purposes of the Sufi- eiv Library at the cost of about $90000, in I835. and was held for that purpose till the Ian year, when it was purchased with the lot for a sum exceeding one hundred thousand dollars. The alteration to srlspt it to its present uses. a work ofgiu little jutluinent, have been carried nut after the architectural plans of W. E. Worilien. Esq.. and consist chiefly ofihe addition of a new basement and an attic story, with the remuilellinn ufthe great cautral bodv of Ilie building by new flours. These alterations, involving a large ex- penditure. have been accompanied by other clum- uea and additions. tending to the convenience and svcurity of the premises. The ubule'building is heated by steam pipes. supplied from a boiler under lfaiheriiie sue; this boiler also affords power for the supply oil water to the upper stories, for the convenience of the occupants and the se- curity of the building. In order not to obstruct the entrance or sidewalk on Broadway, a separate building has been constructed on (Iatltiirine Lang sea liuistwiy tor goods, to which eleampower may be applied. There are other entrances on Leonard Street, whicli form the northern boundary of the building, tor the receipt and delivery of goods in the book esisblishmoet. 'l‘be ficund story is divided into seven hiuml untied lo iner- cantile purposes. The third and fourth storibl. comprising M rooms,'are well adapted for en- grsvers, architects. engineers, etc. The upper story is designed exclusively for artists, having a north light in each of the eight rooms. The Messrs. Appleton occupy the entire fllll floor and basement, each 80 feet by I00, with the front vaulie and under cellars. Ariisiioxlfeet has been studied in the interior decorations ufthe Irst llour —tbe ceiling is supported by fourteen Umintliiau columns in imitation of Sienna marble. " ceiling and walls are painted in fresco, from de- sipoe executed by Nowlsml It Kearney. ‘Ibe boult-cases and shelving are of plain unit, in length 210 feet. The basement cum rieuap the wholesale department. is fliivd up with alcoves containing more than 500 lines feet of shelving, a capacity of l0,000 cubic eel, _' he ware- houses or the books in sheets. and the in-iertalo,,

are kept by the losers. Appleton, la vsrieseperv

srper mslres manifest. Messrs. Applctun's own publicationil, of which the choice library edi- tion of the Spectator may be taken as an index

represent a fair proportion of the bestauihors;'

both old and new, while their imported stock co- vers the whole range ofthe must available library literature, “ nature's gr:-at stereotypes” the Be- cune, Swifts. Miltons, !\lncsula_v’ii and their fel- lows. Of editions 41: line their shelves and coun- ters are fult- lmuklt which in every style and on every subject combine intrinsic worth with ele- gance. It will repay our readers to examine for themselves this splendid establishment. We coni- mend it as a specimen of the extensive operations in thin department of national enio-rptiee now so common in our large cities. and as betoltening evi- dence ofgreat enterprise and esgacious outlrty of means. ' ° " ’ " ' ' ' . ' ' ' From the catalogue of books for sale by Messrs. D. A pplo-tun dz C0,, we are informed that the liimeet work in their ruin- blisliment is “ Hoyili-ll’s Shuliepcare,” which is 30 int-hes by 24; the snuille-st, 'l'aylor's quaint “ Thumb Rilile," 2 inches by 2. Thp longest Iillc belongs to London‘: Dictionary of Plants, in fifteen lines. 'l'bci-lieiipesl bunk sells for 6 I-4 cents, the most expensive "Hufnzigli-’s Colli.-ciion ol I’itiuIings"—fur $l0ll0. “ Valp_v‘s Delpliin Classics" may boast the ll|I‘:'€!l number of vo- IIIIIIFI." tltuuuh " The 'I'roubl*s at |"taukfurt,” pulilislird in 1554, has the :|tlVfll|lafl3 of all its cninpnniuua in tine. Sir Walter Si-uni, \\lllI bis ninety-eight ruliiuies, is the nusi voluminous of liluglish, as Cooper, viliu fathers Ibitly-three, is of vlmeiican authors.

RUSSIAN BXETCHES. From Ilill's Travels on the Short.-s of the Baltic. ‘rm: out or ciionsnnr.

The boy ofCronsttidt is about seventeen or eighteen miles in length, and seven or eight in lireutltli soon after passing the island. The lands on either side are ene- rully low, and exhibit nothing that the eye can rest upon with pleasure. The boy is shallow, and is only passed by an intricate channel, which we found marked as we pro- ceeded by the tall stripped stems of fir-trees stuck in tho ground, with their heads left to appear above the water. In some parts it never exceeds twelve feet.

HELSINGFORI.

The town of I-Iclsingfors is bnilt,upon ii peninsula, or promontory, and more im- tnediiitely defended by the two forts Brn- berg and Ulriciiburg, placed on the main- lund within the port, which is said to be capable ofndmitling sixty or seventy liiie-of- battle ships, all riding tit anchor within the cover of these forts. The proper strength oftbo place, however, lies in the magnitude ofits outer defensive works, which are ofthe most formidable description, und go under the general term of the for-tresso-s of Sven- borg. The-y occupy no less than seven islands, several of which are united by bridges. ('-use-uintcs uppeur to be formed in tlu-in for no loss than ll,tlOl) or 7.00 siniill .iiiu.-; und the uni ill f--iti't-sin-i~i ari- slllll In in~-nut -'40.! ('.:ltill--ll, and to possmiu in gun is-iii of l:.2,Ullt)uii-ii. S--iiic i-l'tliose lor- midnble works are forined by cutting and fiisliiouing the solid rock; mid there are inugazines, arsenals, rind burrncks, lmtli upon one of these islands and upon the mainland There are even docks upon the same tongue of land upon which the town stands, that have been partly cut out at the solid rock.

er’. rnsitsaunoit.

The two principal disadvantages which the city of Peter the Great has encounter- ed, and which it will continue more or less to labor under, tire, the int:-nsity oftlie cold of its climate in winter, and the low and swampy character of the country in which it has been placed. For six months of the your its port cniinot be entered, by I‘l'IlSOI| ofthe ice, and it can never be supplied with provisions for the consumption of its in-. habitants at proportionate piices with those ofcities whose neighboring lields produce wine and oil, or even bread and cheese, like otir own. Nature, it must be confess- ed, however, has bent her stern cliariicter before the lubors of men and the arts of civilized life more here than in‘ any other land possessing ll similar climate. But there are‘ bounds beyond wliicb the elements will not cede to enterprise, ambition, ‘or caprice. The greatest indeed of the ap- parent obiitiicles to the city's progress, uri- sing out ofthe low character of the country, has been inn wonderful manner overcome; for, incredible us it appears, till the splendid show of pitlacrs, and the noble qoays, and public and private edifices of the modern capital of Russia, are built upon pilrs sunk in the mere nturuss upon which the city stands; and there remains on this account notbi but the unproductive character of the land about the town to iegict. But in another respect, the poiiltlon ofthe town, taken in conjunction with the g-fleets oftlie

.c|imate, hns appeared to some to leave it

exposed to dangers which threaten evr-It its sudden and utter dies--lotion. There are occasional swellinge of the waters of the bay and the Nova, caused by the winds on one side and the heavy rains on the other; and these are eotnetlrnesee at, that the whole town becomes lnundatvd to the ilepth‘

New Series. 185.’,

street. Every provision has

negative as much as possible all the efeets of this inconvenience. Siechee, or watch- towers, have been erected in all parts of the town, upon which watchmen are stationed, provided with the means of making signals by night and by day, of the rise of the waters inch by inch, when an inundation is threatened, which enables every one to re- tire to his house, and seek the upper story, in time to avoid the consequence of being suddenly overtaken by the rush of the in- vnding flood. The same watchmen serve, too, to give the earliest alarm of fire, which is.of more frequent occurrence in every town of Russia than in any other towns in any part of the world, partly arising from the quantity of wood used, even in their brick and stone buildings, and partly owing to the method of warming their houses by stoves set in the mass of the building, and yet more, perhaps, from a certain canton- ness habitual to the people. In relation to the inundation, it is even said by some not ivbollylvlsionary alm-mists, that the entire city, with all its edifices, from the palace pfthe sovereign to the meanest habitation, is yearly exposed to the danger of being swept from the very surface of the soil, without scarcely leuvin one stone upon another to record to future generations the glory of its short reign.

Tm: M'iLx Tiiisi-:.—What most interested us, were several large logs of the monger- anduba, or milk tree. On our way through the l'orest_wc had seen some trunks much notched by persons extracting the milk. It is one of the noblest trees of the forcst, rising with it straight stem to an enormous height. The tiriiber is very hard, fine-grain- ed,'and durable, and is valuable for‘ works which are much exposed to the weather. The fruit is ealable and very good, the size _of_a smnll apple, and full ofa rich and ver Jim-.y pulp. But strangest ofall isthe vege- table milk, which exudes in abundance when the bark is cut. It has about the consistence ofthick cream, and, but for a very slight peculiar taste, could scarcely be distinguished from the genuine product ofthe cow. Mr. Levens ordered a man to tap some logs that had lain nearly a month In the yard. ‘He cut several notches in the bark with an axe, and in a minute the rich sap was runnin out in great quantities. It was collected in a basin, diluted with wa- ter, strained, and brought up at tea-time and at breakfast next morning. The pe- culiar flavour of the milk scented rather to improve the. quality ofthc tea, and gave it its good a colour as rich cream. In cofl'eQ it is equally good. Mr. Levens informed its that he had made a custard of it, and that, though it land ll curious diirlt colour, it was very well lasted. The iuilk is used for glue, untl is -aid in be mi (IUHIIIIIE as that made usv ofby carpi-utt-rs. As it specimen of in (‘It]'ttl)lllll('r5 in this line, Mr. Levena showed us a violin be lmd made, the belly-board of which formed ol two pieces, be bad glued to- gctlicr witlt it applied fresh from the tree, without any preparation. It had been done two years. The instrument had been in constant use; and the joint was now perfect- ly good and sound throughout its whole length. As the milk hardens by exposure to air, it becomes a very tough, slightly elas- tic substancc, much resembling guttapercba, but not having the property of being sett- ened by hot water, is not likely to become so extensively useful as that article.—- Wallac-e's Travel: on the Jlutazim.