_ there is no farm equipment.

jects on the

. . v

.3

mos roux“ YIHE GUARDIAN

lloratag Dally (Founded le ill?) Authorised as nor-unit Uhssa ant. Poss Otflla . Department, Ottawa. ‘Ibo Island Guardian Publishing Ca. litter and Managing tlinalar. J It. Borneo; Aseoniata Iidltur, lralb Walker.

lfThe Strongest Memory is Weaker Titan the Weakest Ink.‘

CHABLOTTETOWN, FRIDAY, JUNE 24, 1949 r

Federal Aid To Education

Educational organizations and college offic- ials in the United States are sharply divided in their reaction to a statement by General Dwight D. Eisenhower, president of Columbia Uni- versity, in which he opposed Federal aid to edu- cation. A check by the New York Times indicates that the educators are also as much divided on whether such aid, if it is authorized by Congress, should be universal or limited in scope.

GeneralEisenhoweFs position was expressed in a letter to Representative Gwinn, Republican, of New York. He based his argument on two grounds: (l) that Federal aid would lead to more centralized Government control and (2) that Federal grants to all states would "create an ambition-almost a requirement—to spend mon- ay freely under the impulse of competition with other localities in the country." He did say, however, that he recognized the need of some areas lor Federal aid.

Agreeing with General Eisenhower, Guy E. Snavely of the Association cf American Colleges declared, "The pe-rson who believes that Feder- al aid can involve no Federal control is surely like the proverbial ostrich which buries its head in the sand to avoid the sight of approaching danger."

On the other hand, the National Education Association commented, "Those who advocate that Federal aid to education should be extend- ed only to the states_ in dire need arc ill advised. it implies that the principal issue is one of cost. The issue is much more serious than one of dol- lars. The whole future of the American nation rs involved in the decision called for by the Federal-aid legislation."

The NEA also declared that universal par- ticipation in Federal aid was a strong guarantee against the exercise of any Federal control or of the imposition of any other injustices by the Federal Government.

The controversy in the United States is not without interest to Canadians. Federal aid to education is being stressed as a major issue by the Canadian Teachers’ Federation, though there has been little said by party leaders on the sub- ject in the present Dominion campaign.

t

Dangerous Motoring liay

:Driving on Sunday usually is done for pleas- ure, yet a report of accidents in the United States, as issued by a large ‘insurance company, reveals that this day ends in more disasters than any other day of the week. This notwithstanding the fact that upon the Sabbath there is less traf- fic congestion in towns and cities and fewer pedestrians abroad than on any other day of the week.

"Eighteen out of every one hundred motor vehicle accidents happened on Sunday," the re- port states, "with each of the next four days showing an average of around l3 out of every I00 accidents. On Friday there was a pickup in the number of mishaps, while on Saturday the increase was still greater, 17 out of every 100 accidents occurring on that day."

The report reveals that a great proportion of Sunday accidents involves motorists who use their cars all week. While it is the ‘hesitant, slow and inconsistent driver who unnerves the more accom- plished motorist, it is the speedy, sure fire and reckless man at the wheel who makes life miser- able and dangerous for the carefuLand cautious driver.

Changing Saskatchewan

in Saskatchewan, reports an exchange, farms are getting bigger and Socialism is "going slow," as free enterprise in oil and gas development is encouraged. The entire face of the Province is changing. Cities have grown bigger and the number of farms smaller in the past l0 years. Re- gina has grown by 12,000; Saskatoon, 10,000 and Moose Jaw, more than 6,000 in those years. Ten years ago there were about 136,000 forms. Today there are about 125,000.

‘Power farming on a tremendous scale is the thing today, and there are farms up to 10 sections or more. And "custom farming" is fairly common. In its complete sense, a "custom farm" is a huge farm on which nobody lives, on which The owner lives comfortably in the city, hires itinerant crews and machinery to do his seeding in the spring and his harvesting in the fall. He drives out to

r look at the crop occasionally.

One result of this is that many farm wives

' now complain about their lives because "we have

no neighbors." ln one northern area, the district population dropped from 60 "neighbors" to 22. Another result is that the old fashioned farm with its animals, is disappearing, with some odd effects. Smaller towns and villages now have to

import their n.ilk, butter and meat from the cit-

ies, because there are no local sources. Farmers in some areas howl loudly that all roads be kept snow-free all winter, so they can get into town to buy food, which they don't grow themselves any more. Widespread rural electrification pro- prairies, to make life more attrac- tive, is one method being used to combat this

"situation. ‘At $2 for wheat, big power farmers

con and do make fabulous money. it is said a good power form can make money when wheat is

to so . dwnltflii" not toclilshassumed that this holds

I true for the ‘whole Province, but it is a decided

""" """" " ..‘.§".'.'.'.'.'.i‘.'."'."£.'.'l'.' i"i'...'°l“.'.r.ff.'1', . ‘ god the‘: young ma‘: ‘he ell on osca

needs $40000

l. g at m outset. u In borrow. u. o»! til! v

bod year, of course there is one more badly broke farmer.

Farmers who are willing and want to gam- ble that way arega far cry from being real sc- cialists. What they are doing is a sort of modi- fied gambling, and they are willing to gamble only against the weather. Floor prices they want assured, plus something like the Prairie Form As- sistance Act when there is no crop.

J EDITORIAL NOIESI,

Three more days till the election.

There is something biewing to explode on the 27th.

a w

Feast of Saint John the Saint of French Canadians.

a

Baptist-Patron‘

lf the experiment at_Ellerslie to grow larger trout is successful one can be sure that the "ones that got away" likewise will increase in size.

The oldest Protestant church in Canada, the Anglican Cathedral of St. John the Baptist in St. John's’, Nfld., today celebrates its 250th an- niverary. St. Paul's Church, Halifax, which pre- viously held that distinction is 50 years young- I.

The establishment of a steamship service from Montreal to St. John's means new and keen competition for the Newfoundland trade. Prem- ier Jones may well congratulate himself that the lsland is one step ahead with its service to the outports along the South coast.

i I i

I I

The announcement by the Hon. Brooke Clax- tcn that Canada is to build an anti-submarine vessel designed for mass production shows that something has been learned from the experience‘ of World War ill. To be able to expand produc- tron quickly, however, it is necessary to see that the shipyards are also available.

That Canada's agricultural scientists are slowly transferring farming into a white-collar job is the surprising verdict of o delegate at con- vention of the Agricultural Institute of Canada in Vancouver. Presumably the emphasis was on "slowly." "

a w

l O O

The British Food Corporation's pig farms in Central Queensland, Australia, are getting into production. When the planned objective of 500,- 000 pigs a year is attained and Danish supplies are back to normal the effect on the British market for bacon will probably be to almost ex- clude dollar purchases except on a highly com- petitive basis.

Rather than grant a farther and ruinous increase of wage far night staff demanded by the union, to go into effect in October, the Ottawa Journal decided to discontinue its morn- ing edition. This throws many employees out of work, but the newspaper had no alternative. The demands had been stretched to breaking point, and what might have been anticipated happened. The goose that laid the golden egg was killed.

U U U

The heroic tradition of the Canadian Moun- ties, that they always get their man, is now being emulated by the collectors of income tax, says The Printed Word. An employer in an eastern Canadian port sends in the information that one of his men has just had his wages garnisheed by the local tax office for unpaid income tax for 1947. The amount of the deficiency is one dollar and twenty cents. Estimated cost of pro- ceedings up to and including issue of the gar- nishee order, ten dollars.

I U O '.

llfyycu want to evade income Tax you can go to Mexico. The Foreign Office there officially announces that the Government has rejected the British Embassy's request fcr the extradition cf Harald Aldritt Squire, British millionaire wanted in Britain for alleged fraud. A ministry spokes- man said the Mexicon Government believed Squire actually is wanted on tax evasion charges. Such a crime, he said, is not included in the Mexican-British extradition agreement. Squire has accordingly been released from custody.

Eight years ago, on June 26, 194i, the Ca- nadian Government formally announced its de- cision to give women their chance to serve in the Dominicn's war machine. Although the wom- en's auxiliaries for the Canadian Army and the RCAF were nct formed until August 13 --six weeks later — the so-called weaker sex were swamping recruiting offices for information. Be- fore the war ended, 21,614 girls, embracing,10 nationalities including Chinese, Russian, Negro and Canadian-born of German extraction, had answered the call for volunteers. The first group of CWACs to go overseas arrived in the United Kingdom on November 5, 1942. Event- ually more than 2,000 were employed overseas at one time and they sow service both in the Mediterranean and European‘ theatres. Five CWACs were wounded as a result of enemy ac- tion and 25 died on active service. The corps was disbanded in August arid September, 1945.

The real cost and purpose of a protected bureaucracy were described in» picturesque lan- guage by Mr. Lindsay C. Warren, Comptroller- General of the United States, when appearing before Congress to ask for authority to reorgan- ize the executive branch. Of the present bureau- cracy, he said: "lt is probably an ideal system for the tax eaters and those who wish to keep them- selves perpetually attached to the public teat, but it is bad for those who have to pay the bill. That is why I say that the Government should put its house in order." But there is certainly little prospect of.a more responsible or o more responsive government in Canada, so long as the present government resists every move to have its bureaucracy investigated, much less reorganl izod, lays The Gazette. The reform of Canadian bureaucracy will in all probability have to came

from outside both the present bureaucracy and the present government.

- so apt to throw out suckers

THE GUARDIAN.

one?

TRANSFORMATION

Portion of this ycw

1s e man my zrsndslre knew. Bosomcd here st its foot: This branch msy be his wife, A ruddy human life

Now turned ‘to s green shoot.

These grasses must be made Of he: who often prayed. Last. century. for repose; And the fair girl long sgo Whqm I often tried t0 know May be entering this rose.

Sc. they are not underground, But s; nerves and veins abound 1n the growths of upper air, And they feel the sun and ruin, And the energy again

That made them whet they us.

-Th0ma.s Hardy (1840-1930

Charlottetown (m r. r. r.)

Old

CLEARING Till LAND

Cutting dawn of the woods and putting the land into cultivation was the big problem of the early settlers, and in his “Account of Prince Edward Isle-ad in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, North America," (1806), John Stewart, Esq. otter- ed some interesting advice on this subject.

"Some." he writes, "out down nil the wood. pile and burn it; others prefer grabbing up the smaller trees and bushes, and kill all the large trees by girdilng them in the beginning of the summer. which prevents their vegetation the foi- lowlng year. This last ls the easiest method but as far as my experience goes _I prefer the first. as Lhe labour of removing aha branches and trunks of the dead trees as they fell 1s more tedious and expensive 1n the end than Betting rid of all the timber at once.

"A 800d axe mtm will out. down an acre 1n eight days, pile all the brush. and cut the trunks into ten 1B8! lehlih; these must after- wards bc rolled together and such of them as are not. taken away for other purposes burnt; when the timber is heavy this part of the business will be but slowly per- formed by one men alone. The months of June and July ls the best time for clearing land in this way. as ihe leaves are full grown and the stumps of trees out at this season decay soon and are not as those cut at other periods: the leaves will not drop from the tim- ber cut down now but remain on all winter. and greatly assist 1n burning the timber the following year, which is generally done in

May.

"If there has been n. consider- able proportion of evergreens mut- ed with the other timber. their tops and branches will now be in such a. state as to insure the burn» ing of the whole; the larger the piles the better chance there is for getting what. is called a good burn. Where there have been few or no evergreens mixed with the timber about to be burned. greater attention will be required in heaping the plies of brush close and rolling the logs together. If the weather has been dry for some time before this operation. care must be taken to prevent 1hr fires running into the forest among the growing wood which it will often do at this time of year. and kill the timber for many miles

“Many people will be apt to suppose that this may be an ad- vantage and a.ld in clearing the country. but that is by no means the case, as in general it. only searches the trees or burns them so little that by far the greatest part of them is left; standing. and become so hard as to make it more difficult and laborious to out them down than if they were still growing; and if the land is good and not brought into cultivation soon. a. growth of young limlber will spring up in s few years among the dead trees that will soon render such land more dif- ficult to clear. than that whereon the original growth ‘a still entire The first. year after the fire hes run aver a piece of land and kill- ed the timber. tf it ls not cultivat- ed. e very large ennus weed, call- ed fire weed. springs spontane- ously."

Increasedq-Trade

Pointing out. that the outlays of the Canadian people on consumer goods and services amounted in 1948 to about 81b billions. the Bank of Montreal's latest monthly Bus- iness Review comments that. "Al- lowing for price changes. it would appear. In real terms. that the per capite w. umptlon of goods and services in Canada was lest year something spproschinu b0 per cent greater than in 198B." I

The bank stresses. however. the relatto hip of this aspect of the econcmc picture with other im- portant components: Expenditures on capital projects influence the level of sumer ‘emand and are also influenced by it. Fiscal" policy may significantly expend or con- tract the flow of personal income. And in Csnsds. to s greater extant

hen in most countries. the condi- ion of export trade has much to an with the buoyancy. or other- wise. of consumer spending which. in its turn. has a direct bearing on the volume of imports. g

"Giving full value to these role- tlonshlpa. however.‘ the review states. “the demand originating in n domestic‘ market characterised s; reletlvelv men llvine overflow and a broad distributional income

omlo influence than ls fullv realis- ed in time days of fustifted pre- occupation with problems of ex- ternal trade.” . .

Over ihe past decade the trend

is perhaps a more important coon--

CI-IARLOTTETOWN

J

Notes From Another Island

By "Anson"

LONDON. Engiant-Ali the fuss a few years ago about. Frank- ie Sinatra. with bobby-soxers screaming and swooping and go- ing to great. lengths of adoration. left most English girls a bit in- creduious and suspicious. "I don't see anything special about him." they said. feeling that. such things couldn't happen here.

Perhaps they couldn't then- when the big excitement of the times over here was the question of which of our cities would suf- fer that nighfs air raid; and even now maybe Frankie would not be all that much of n sensation with our girls. For they already have s singing heart-throb, homegrown and all.

Donald Peers is his name. and he is billed as "Radio's Cavalier of Song". He is forty-ish. a na- tive of Wales. and married long enough to have an eighteen-year- cid daughter. And. they say. about n million women are in love with him.

He sings popular songs. but You wouldn't. call him a crooner. Not in the Sinatra manner anyway. Call him a singer and leave it at that: it's enough. seeing that svhen he sings on the radio he attracts more listeners than almost >anv other programme. His records sell by the thousands. and the money he earns must gladden the heart of the Chancellor of the Excheq- uer. who takes most of if in in- come tax!

Well. the Frankie fans may have puzzled most of the English girls. but they ought to be just as puz- zled by themselves now that Don- ald has them almost eating out of his hand. His fans mob him wherever he goes. and some of them go so fer as to “wife to H11 and proclaim their undying love and passionate devotion.

One enterprising businessman- who may have been also some- ihinv. of n psychologist-cashed in on Mr. Year's fascination for the- ladies In order, to gel nassers-hv to lack into his store window. He put e sien in the front. with the name DONALD PEEPQ writif-nl in large letters on it. Underneath l the name was more ivrlting. much smaller. so that. you have to slop

significant variations. the B of M says. During the war years, coa- sumer outlays, limited by scarcity of goods and by a notable response to war savings appeals. did not in- crease nearly as rapidly as did in- come flowing into the hands of the public.

"A distinct reversal of this ten- dertcy was in evidence throughout the first ivva post-war years when, under markedly inflationary condi- tions, the continued advance in per- sonal income after direct taxes was outpaced by ihe rate of increase in consumer spending", the bank cm- phsslus.

I O

The review notes that last year. disposable personal income was 16 per cent greater than in 1947. but the comparable increase in dollar value of consumer outlays wee only ll pot cent. 1n consequence, sp- proxlmateiy 10 per cent of personal income was saved in 1948 as com- pared with seven per cent in 1947. And the proportion of retail mer- chandise sales on a credit basis. alter havln: risen from 32.9 per cent of total sales in the lust hell of 1946 to 99.‘! per cent ln the first half of 1948. declined to 3'1 par cent 1n the last half of the year.

“Inoom-piet date with respect. to consumer ' ome and spending in the early months of 1940 suggest s continuance of those tendencies that. became visible 1n 1048." the bank says. "Official estlmotee of combined wage. selsry and supple- mentary labour income payments for the first three months of 1M0 show an sverntalncresee of 11 per cent over the corresponding period of 1M0. The income of farmers. which is not. Included in the above estimates. has been variously sf- fectea by cbsngee" In prices and output in the cue of particular commodities. but has been well maintained in aggregate. with ret- roactive governmental payments being larger that: lest your.

“As to consumer spending, dollar value of retell sales. which norm- any account for about ‘I0 per cont of all outlays on consumer loom sad services, was up by about eight per cent in the first four months ot till. so ccmpsred with the like

iloot or Juvenile llaedailsnlf

(reps-‘nted by request)

and looic closely to reed. it. It. said "into this window to see the best bargains in town..." etc. Lo and behald—you ere looking in the windows before you realize you have been tricked!

Don't ask me what Donald has about him that makes a million women fail for him: I don't even think he's very good looking. But then, perhaps I'm biased!

O I O

One English lady who hes got herself quite a lot of space in our newspapers in the last day or two will probably be not very popular because of it. It seems she has written a letter to Mr. Paul Hoffman. Marshall Plan ed- mlnlstretar. on the subject of underwear. claiming that she line only one set. and asking if Mr. Hoffman knows any ladies who would send her any undies that they no longer need. She has ex- plained ln n newspaper interview that many Engiishwomen ere un- able to afford new sets. '