| A WEEKLY JOURNAL OF POLITICS

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VOL. XXII.1

, LITERATU

N

a

ada

‘“This is true Liberty, whev Freeborn Men, having to advise the Public, may speak free.’«--Euripides.

GCHARLOTTETOWN, PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND, MONDAY, APRIL 17, i871,

L NO. 16.

Ghe Craminer . iS PRINTED EVERY MONDAY BY Pr. R. BOWERS,

AT HiS OFFICE, DORCHESTER STREET, A few doors east of the Catholic

Cathedral.

TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: Tea Shilling: per annaum, in advance} or Twelve shillings when not paid in advance,

POSTERS AND HANDBILLS PRINTED AT THIS OFFICE.

a ee we

CLUBBING RATES. Ww: ws

will send the ‘+ Examiner’’ for i871, od any one of the following period-

icals at the aanexed rates, payable in ad- vance : American Agriculturist, £018 0

Atlantic Monthy, 0

: Harper's Magarine, 0 Galaxy, G Biackwood's Magazine, 0 Dublio Unversity Magazine, 0 Loedon Review, 0 2 Dublia de ;

% Edinburgh de, Westminster do North Britiah do, | North Americas do, Every Saturday, Iilustrate4, Appleton’s Jowraal, do,

CHoMeKAOeCDOECODoKwww @ O&uWwwW

0 Uv

Be re tet aH et eee et eh Feet eet ta) et leet tet ee

Liarper's Week 'y, 0

: Harper's Bazzar, 0 Re Frank Leslie's {liustrated Newspaper, 0 ‘Y Boston Pilot, 0 New York Ledger, 0

do Weekly, uv

do Herald, 0

do Tribune, 0

do Worid, j 0

We can supply any of the English, American, | er Colonial Publications, at the lowest cash rates,

P. R. BOWERS.

MAILS! | Winter Arrangement.

a ‘Ee UE Malle for ‘the United States and the | : Deminion of Canada will, until farther notica, be closed at this Office every TO ES- DAY, THURSDAY aod SATURDAY even- ings, at 7 o'clock. Maile for Great Britain, Newfoundland and the West Indies, will be closed every alternate THUGSDAY and SATURDAY evevings, at 7 o'clock, as follows, viz: Saturday dth March, Tharsday, léth do

3 Vhareday, Sth Jan’y.. Saturday, orb do

Vhareday 19th, deo Saturday IS:h do Saturday, 2ist do Tharsday, “Oth do Thuareday. 2ud Feb’y.|' Saturday, Ist April Satarday, 4th do Thursday, 13th do Tharatey, 16th do Sutarday, !5tk do Saturday, i8th de ’ Tharsday 27th dea Thereday, 2n¢ March Saturday, 24h do

Lewtese tebe r-gistered and Newspapers must be posted at least calf an hour before the time of

eiesing the Mail: : JOGUN A. MACDONALD, - Postmaster Geueral, General Post ‘)flice Ch ‘town, ¢ i Jan. 2ne i871 $

te ee

| . i |

Alteration in time of dispatching popHoOSPHITES, and Wyeth Brother®’ COM- | vow we have to pull eur boat over a bill of ice,

Seuthera Mails,

NTIL FU THER NOTICE, MAILS for the Southera route will be made up at this Office, as ‘ollows -

For Soutaport, Lot 49, Cherry Valley, Vernon R ver, Summerville, New Perth and Georgetown, every morning (Sunday except-_ ed.) at 8.30 o'clock.

For Montague Bridge, every Monday,Tues- day, Toursday, and Friday moroing, at8.30_ o'clock:

For Vernon River Bridge, Orwell, Monta-_ gue Cross, Bel‘ast, Point Prim, B: lle Creek, | Flat River, Wood Islands, Littie Sinds Kin. ross, Murray Harbor Road, Caledonia, Mur- | ray River, Murray Llarbor South, Sturzeon, Murray Herbor North, Cardigan, Dundas,and | Lot 56, every Tuesday and Friday morning | at 8 30 o’cloek.

For Brooklyn and Browo’s Creek, every Tuceday morn ns, at 8. 30 o'clock,

For Monaghan, De Gros Marsh and Peter's Road, every Friday morning, at 8 30 o'clock S JOUN A. McDONALD,

Postraaster General. | Generali Post Office, Ch’town, ;

Apothecaries’ Hall,

The Old Stand, West Corner ef Queen Square, . ESTABLISHED, 1810. ’ By Steamer City of Cork from ENGLAND. | 4 Brigantine James from MONTREAL, | : and other recent arrivale, the undersigned : has ec mpleted his importtions for tbe winter, | - consisting of

GENUINE DRUGS & CHEMICALS and will fit them up in 2 good workmanlike style | »| Toa generous public, I would say, that ail

Dye Stutfs, Varnishes, Paints, | Gils, Colors, &e. Paws

PATENT MEDICINES, PERFUMERY, TOILET ARTICLES, &c,, &e,

3 The whole of which will be sold at a small ad- vance on cost, Special attention, by an experienced hand, to the preparation by day and night of Physicians’ prescriptions aod private recipes,

T. DESBRISAY. Chariottetow a, Jan, 2, 1871.

THE WHITE HAND,

NEW PERFUME Preparation for render- aug the hands soft and white, withont injury to the skin. The BENEVOLENCE Perfame, de- dicated with great respect to the late Geoncr Preasooy, Esq., the Philanthropist, the new Per- |

‘ fume ’ Ess. of Lime Tree Blossoms,

FleraiXe Pesfuimes, Gabriel's celebrated prepara- tions for the teeth, Rimmel’s, Goenel!'s, Ede's, Grosamith’s, (C\eaver’s, Jewsbury & Brown's, re Lowe's, Breideabagh's & Man, Son & Thomp- son's Perfames and Toilet reqnisites, Crown of Eogland, Oval and Square Jars, Toilet Bottles,

Cat Giana (gold avd silver top) scent Bottles, Cos- co noose ‘omades, Hair Kestorers, Hair Dyes, Pearl Powdere. and Powders for removing sur-

urflons Hair, &c., &e.,; Hair, Tooth, Nuil, Shav-

- fog Plate and Clothes BAUSHES in great variety.

W. R. WATSON. City Drug Store, Victoria Building, { Charlottetowu, Jan. 23, 1871. ERSKIN’S BRAHEE SUGAR POWDERS A Tonic and Unfailing Remedy tor Bheumatis mofallkinds, Neuralgia

Lumbago, Sciatica,

Asalsotor “ACE-ACHE TOOTH-ACHE, ZAR-AVCiIE, COUGHS, and all - a fectionsfrom Colds. EF See Lancet, under MevicaL Patronage

WM. R. WATSON

Husiness Cards, HENRY J. GAFFNEY, M. D.

PHYSICIAN & SURGEON,

OFFICE IN North American Hotel, KENT STREET. Charlottetown, Aug 3, 1870. MR, A. SMYTHE; PROFESSOR OF MUSIC,

Has Removed his Academy to Water St,, (Opposite the late Velegrapb Othice.)

The Examiner.

| i i i iii

Charlottetown, April i7, 1871

CROSSING THE STRAITS.

Ill.

We started from Amberst at about o'clock, in the sleigh that conveyed the mails en route for Cape Tormentine. The trials of ‘travelling in an open sleigh, contrasted with | travelling in a comfortable Railear, are dreadful. In crossing Bay Verte, four-and-a-half miles, on the ice, with the bitter frost blowing a fierce blast in your face is enough to make you resolve

six

THE TEMPERANCE MEETING.

| Ow Friday, 31st ult., was one of rare in- |terest. The spacious Athenaeum was crowd- jed to excess. The Chairman, J. W. Mor- jrison, Bsq., P. G. W. P., of the Sons of Temperance, in rising—was glad to witness |such a very large audience, but regretted that | legislative duties would prevent many hon. |members being present, He then called on | the children of the ‘*Band of Bope’’ who | w.th sweet youthful voices sung—** Touch not ‘the Cup it 1s death to thy soul,’’

| Mr. ©. F. Harris briefly viewed the social ‘evils resulting from the use of strong drink, We should not cease to agitate for the only | remedy a Prohibitory Liquor Law.

| The Rev. BE, Evans believed the use of Al- | coholic liquors as a beverage to be invariably linjar.ous, Temperance men can endure

Pianoforte and Melodeon Tuning pence iyat one such drive is enough fer the natural | greater hardships and labor,

tually attended to. ly

July 25, 1870.

CA

RVELL BROTHERS, AUCTIONEERS, Commission Merchants,

AND GENERAL AGENTS, BANK BUILDING, QUEEN STREET, Charlottetown, P. E Island A. McNELLL, Reading Room Proprietor COMMISSION USREMANL AND AUCTION ERR. CHABLOTTETOWN., March 21, 1870. lyr

SETH D. SHAW,

Attorney-At-Law, «e.

OFFIC E—Corner of Great George and Dorchester Streets Opposite City Hotel. Formerly occupied as a Law Office by Charle Palmer, Ksq., and recently by H, J. Cundall, Esq. Charlottetown, P. BE. I. May 31,1869. tf

WILLIAM DODD, Commission Merchant and AUCTIONEER,

QUEEN SQUARE, CHARLOTTETOWN, P. E. ISLAND

H. HASZARD:

Commission Merchant, GENERAL AGUAT,

AND

AUCTIONEER Uppe: Queen Street,

Charlottetown, - - - P.E,L. N 8.—Orders from abroad, and the country | wil! ~eceive promptatiention.

April 26,1809

Apothecaries’ Hall, The Old ESTABLISHED, 1810:

JUST RECEIVED, » fresh supply of FEL: LOWS’ COMPOUND SYRUP OF HY- POUND SYRUP of PHOSPHATES (Chewical

Food). —ALSO —

A Good Assortment of Aniline Dyes, Roseine, Xe. T. DESBRISAY. Ch’'town Jan, 2, 1871.

A. HERMANS,

Bell- Hanger, Gun aud Tin - Smith,

Dorchesicer tect,

(Next to ‘* Examiner” Office.)

EGS toreturn histhanks to the genera! public for the liberal patronage extended

He

and asks for a coutinuance of the same. keeps constanty on hand

A neat Assortment of

ARK, KITCHEN UTENSILS

&c., XC., &c.

ALL ORDERS in the above BUSINESS

li be punctually attended to.

Having lately made large purehases in the

Cheapest Markets,intended for House Builders,

guch as

Gas Fitting, Water Closets, Beli Fittings, &., &c.,

lam prepared to SELL THEM at RATES AS LOW AS CAN BE HAD IN THE CITY,

TINW

wi

Orders in THIS BRANCH OF MY BUSI NESS will be attended to with Despateh A Lotof First Class WATLR COOLERS on

hand.

SAYER’S CRYSTAL BLUE,

Sold Cheaper than ever. Tuly 12, 1869

Gilt and Walnnt Mouldings !

JUST ARRIVED! CHEAP AT

JOHN NEWSON’S.

May 30, 1870. tf

Wool.

Wool.

(CASH paid for WOOL, on delivery, at|

the Store of H. J, CALLBECK. Ch’town, May 30, 1870.

Iron TFedsteads. FEW Superior Iron Bedsteads, cheap for Cash, at NEWSON’S,

September 19. 1870.

Choice Retailing Sugar. 20 Hhds. Porto Rico SUGAR.

(Strictly Prime.)

| ‘For Sale Low.

MACEACHERN & CO.

|“ Tealian Warehouse,” , lm

| __ Mareh 13, 1871. ‘NO MORE BUYERS’ COPPERS. WwW

,merscominy direct to our Warehouse, with ‘their oats.

CARVELL BROS. Oh’ town, Feb, 20, 1871.

E will give ‘* the Buyer’s Copper.” and

Stand, West Corner of Queen Square. |

pay the highest Market Price to far-|

term of your life. We got to the Cape and had | the good luck to get isto commodious quarters at the House of Mr. Wm. Spence, There were some twenty Islanders at the well Known estab- ‘lishment of Tom Allin, The weather was so in- | tensely cold, that the Boats could not cross for | several days, and we had to content ourselves as best we could, I found that my friend was a “perpetual feast,” as he kept up a continual ** good time,” with bis racy anecdotes, interest- We went one evening to interview the great man of the Cape, Tem Allie, When we called he was getting off one of his periedical benders, Like all great men Tom has his dark as well as his | bright side. He drinks rum by the gallon—so he said himself. Ile swears aiominably—in fact, is | a most shameful and scandalous miscreant in bis | daily walk and conversation.” Yet he has | some good qualities,—is hospitable, fond of telling He amused us with

| ing conversation, and geruine good humor.

a joke, and can be polite. uari ating several of his encounters with Governor Bapnerman, and some distinguished Isianders He tells his stories, and embelishes them with | so many stretches ef the imagination, that he be- | comes a regular Baron Munchausen in a emall | way. Poor Tom! he will, I fear, go on in his may reform—and like all great sinvers, he hopes ao himself. Nexi morning the weather became moderate,

the sun shone brightly and we started upon our | | As far as the eye} ; bay |eould reach was © glorious “ sea of ice.’” It

looked more like a city, with towering pyramids, |

| way across the Straite.

immense casties, and massive piles of buildicgs. We threw the straps over our shouidera, and |

| soon the exercise of hauling the boat gave us a |

|} warm glow, and made us throw off our overcoats, | You get along very well until you leave the shore ice and meet the running ice. Then the excite- | ment becomes intense We got on the floating lice after a good deal of risk, and now we are | jumping from cake to cake. My weighty triend | | is on the opposrte side of the Boat. He is en- | joying the fun amazingly, but he jumps on a thin |eake, and I certainly never saw ‘* human face | divine’? change so quickly from gay to grave, as he got iu up to his middle. He made .a dash to | get into the boat, and in doing so nearly upset it I cannot control my risible nerves, but have avi wuch time to enjoy a laugh at his expense, as ithe posb is so loose that I have to look out anxiously to save myself from an unseasonable

cold bath. We get through the first brush, and

| cl | usual way and will die as Le lives, yet I hope be|

'to absent themselves.

Prof. Smythe, L. McGowan, and C, P. | Fletcher, very efficiently discoursed lively and sweet music on the Piano, Violin, and Violen- cello, This is certainly a new but very ex- cellent and appropriate feature in our Test perance Meetings,

The Hon. Judge Young expressed great satisfaction in seeing the Chair occupied by a gentleman who had more than 23 years taken with bim the pledge of the ‘*Sens of Tem- perance,”* and who is still with him a consist- ext member of that Order. The use of in- toxicating drinks were of ro benefit, but was the cause of much misery aod crime.

P. R. Bowers, Esq... made a short address, after which the Band beautifully sang— ‘Friends of freedom s-vell the song,” ** Wol- sey, and Cromwell,’’ from Shakespeare’s Henry VII', was well rensered by Mr. J. J Chappell, and B Darby, two members of ** Victoria’’ Division.

Hon. H. Bell with other speakers approved }of a Prohibitory Law. Intemperance is still | ruining, and poverising the people, while we | appear to look on very carelessly, and indif- ferently. We should take some definite, and united action. The children them sang that touching Temperance song—** My father is a drunkard, but I’m not to blame.”

J. N. Fraser, Esq., M. D., was glad to say a word in favor of total abstinence. The ex- ample of moderate drinkers in respectable

ircles ie tie greatest hinderance to the suc- cess of the Temperance eause.

The Rev. Mr. Webber was not ashamed of being a tetotler. Great fault was to be found in officers of the Law. Competent men should

| be appointed to carry out our laws fearlessly,

and impartially.

On the platform we observed Hon. J. Bal- derson, J. H. Fletcher, Esq., Robert Scott, J. P. Tanton, and John Scott, Esquires. The meeting closed by singing the National Anthem.

Altogether, the meeting was a practical one, and passed off pleasantly, with the ex-

|ception of disorderly conduct, by several

young men near the door.

All Cha:lottetown meetings, of whatever character, are getting to be, certainly, dis- graceful, by the disturbance caused by these young men, Their conduct must naturally cause many ladies, aud geutlemen of influence Would it not be ad- visab'e for our City Council to send a man to

cll public meetings for preserving good order, 2...

- «

THE PRINCESS BEATRICE AND THE MARQUIS OF ELY,

|From Montreal Gazette.]

On the part.of many, he rumor-of the intended marriage of the above distingu sh- ec. personages may not be regarded as

land he'p the other beats over also We now /eome to some smovthe ice, and then some open

water. We launch our boat and soon row over

ventures,walkirg on the ice and posh sometiu.es it is like a wave of saw dust, sand and molasses, ' and at each step you take you do cet know but you will get in up to your seck, Again you have to jump like a gymnast from cake to cake. | Sometimes the cake you get on breaks and you get in up to your middle, Before you sink you

grasp the side of the boat, and if you are badly | out of wind you jump into her. We have a hard | time getting from the running ice to the beard or We get safely ashore and get in the | sleizh ready to take us up to Mr. Irving’s. After | gett ng a genial warming and evjoying a hearty | meal, through the courtesy of a friend who has a

shore ice,

\to him since hiscommencement in business, |team in waiting, we get to Charlottetown the

same bight. It was a pleasant trip across, but | that kind of pleasantry, can be relished nut more than once in a lifetime.

NEWS BY THE ENGLISH MAIL,

| Mr. MIALL gave notice of motion in | House of Commons for Dis-establishment | ofthe Established Church. The Daily News

| says it 1s put out as a feeler.

| }

| The entire emigration from Ireland be-

tween May, 1861, and July of last year was 1,992,253 persons. of whom 1,052,741 were

| males, and J39,512 were females. In 1870, 34 000 emigrated from Ireland.”

“The entire sam realized by the coast fisheries of Ireland is calculated at about £450,000 anda great deal of this sum is earned by English and Manx fishermen. The Fishery Commissioners believe that the Irish fisheries might be made to yield «t least four times as much as they have hitherto done.”

“In Westmeath the people are having an exquisite sample of liberty. Two young men have been arrested in “that.home of British liberty ” for the offence of being out. of doors after the sun went down. They were found guilty and sentenced, one to six months’, and the other to three months’ im- prisonment.”

‘A parliamentary return states that £2,- 821,912 of the total sum of £7,995,067, es- ‘timated as the probable cost of abolishing purchase in the army is due to the over- regulation price. It is distributed thus:— Household cavalry £92,377; cavalry of the line £897 565; foot guards £322 590; in- fantry and colonial corps £1 509,380.”

“The London Illustrated News states that the will of Herr Baron Nathaniel de Roths- child was proved in London on the 27th ult., under £1,800 000 personally in Eng- | land. The deceased died in Paris last

”

ear. ‘*Recently Margaret Lyons, upwards of 112 years old, who has been a widow for sixty years, died rather suddenly in her | house in Enniskillen.”’ | **4 curious failure is acknowledged by |the English Admiralty Board. Some time ago it was proposed to form a naval reserve of the second class, to be composed of ordinary seansen of the mercantile marine. At the present time this reserve consists of oneman! Indeed this patriot, whose name is not given was the only man who offered himself for enro!lment.”’

“ It is said that Mr. Griffith, a civil en- gineer,.of Portsmouth, is about to..attempt to raise the Captain lost on the 7th of Sep. | last, off the coastof Spain. He will receive , no aid from the Government however.”

it. For about three bours we had a series of ad-|

trustworthy, but will most assuredly be /popular. Nowm-d ys the line of demarca- -eation between peer anc commoner is too faint to permit of any advantages to the ‘former. Where the birth of both is equal, ‘the distinction socially disappears altogeth- ‘er. So far from marriages such as these serving to seclude the sovereign umong a clique of powerful vassals, they rather ren- der her person and dignity familiar to the widest pessible circle of society through 'the countless ramifications which bind the great houses to the people. Such is .espe- cially the case with the house of Loftus. The -connections of this powerful family | with the gentry of the Pale are legion and something more. There are to-day very few gentlemen of standing in Ireland to whom the Marquis is not kin, by however remote a ue. The blood of of¢ Doctor Adam Loftus. first provost of Trinity Coll- ege, tanks to the productive and patriotic energy of each of his seven ‘deughters, flows in the veins of a myriad Irishmen. To each of these, and even té”thedepen- dants of each of these, the union of a daughter of England with their chief would be inexpressibly flattering. N<r could a nobler race be chosen upon which to graft the stock of royalty than the rece from which has sprung the house of Mornington and the name of Wellesley, and which, had 1t borne but asingle hero, were forever famous in English story with the fame of the greatest soldier England lias ever known.

But there are broader grounds even than those upon which the proposition is to be commended. It seems to offer a guarantee that a portion of Her Majesty’s dominions hitherto too much neglected is about at last to be taken into the sunshine of royal favor. ‘Fhat royal favor means a good deal. It mans a periodical court with the constant abrogation of absenteeism, and, if it meant nothing more, would do more for the country than any dozen Acts of Parlia- ment. Let the Irish people but gain the opportunity of frequently and regulary meeting their landlords face to face, and nine tenths of the evils of which they com- plain will have vanished. We know that such mutual study as this intercourse would compel could not but produce mu- tually beneficial effect, and we long to see it promoted accordingly.

PRINCESS BEATRICE. (From NY. Herald)

It is now reported that the youngest daughter of Queen Vicoria, the Princess Beatrice, is affianced to the youthful Marquisof Ely. The report may be without foundation, but it is not on thataccount the less interesting. It indicates the sentiment of the British people ia the matter of royal marriages. It shows thatthe principle adopted by .the Queen in the little love affair of the Princess -Louise and the Marquis of Lorne has engaged the at- tention of the British public, and that the Queen's policy is most hearti'y endorsed. Scotlaud is proud of the Argyll affair. It is pleasing to the littie kingdom to know that at least for one time more the blood of the Scottish people is to mingle with that of the governing wr good sense which bh

this Beatrice-Ely affair it means that the Queen It

not.2 whit less nobel] than that of Argyll.

ded, and for this reason—that in coasequence of the Marchioness of Ely having been for years one of the Queen’s principal Jadies in

together. In democratic America we have | of St. John, Bostoa, New York, &c., in a | ance offered iwitiok longer.

no cause to be sorry that the most popular monarch of modern times has discovered a

|few boura, and in great abundances, Our

‘salmon, mackerel, codfish, herring, &c., would

New Brunswick had a mile of railway for every thousand, the United States oue mile for every eight bun-

means of reconciling all the peoples that look find their way to market in a fresh state over dred, and Queensland one for less than

to her as sovereign. Reconstructed Germany |a railroad, and would be the means of return-| thousand inhabitants. The population of P.

must look to the fact that Victoria says:— ing untold wealth to the fishermen of this E. Island was thirty-seven to the square mile,

“¢We want no more German lJairdies.’’

Warliamentarn.

HOUSE OF ASSEMBLY. (Continued from last week's Extra.)

Speech of Hon. G. W. Howlan, on the Railway Question.

Hon. Mr. Howtan said the question be- fore the Committee was the paragraph in auswer to the clause in the Speech, which states that “the expediency of constructing a railroad throughout the Island will receive | Our most serious consideration.”’ Le thought there must have been some reason for the in-| troduction of this matter in his Honor the) Lieutenant Governor’s Speech. It would be | an easy matter to tell the reason why. A. estone-crusher had been imported and employ- ed im crusbing stone, which had also been) imported, and a certain portion of the roads} in the immediate neighborhood of Charlotte- | town had been macadamized, but the work | had proceeded very slowly, and had been | found to be very expensive. About twenty- | five per cent of the general revenue had also! been expended upon the common roads, | bridges, and wharves, but a large portion of that money had been misappropriated. Owing to the nature of our soil, it ‘had been found to be imposzible to make roads which would stand the increased amount of traffic which bad of late years been done upon them, particularly in the fa]l of the year. He, more than any other member of the House, had reason to complain of the large sums of money which had been spent in the vicinity ‘ot the towne, for his district had been neglect- ed in this respect, and derived no kenefit whatever from the improvements which had been made. Hs» had been much surprised at hearing the hon. member for Belfast state that the representation of the two outlying Counties should be lessened.

Hon. B. Davies had stated that the repre- sentation of Queen’s County should be in- creased, and not that the representation of | the other Counties ehould be lessened.

Hon. Mr. Howtan.—If four more repre- sentatives were allowed for Queen's County, its representation would be greater than that ofeach of the other counties, while their re- presentation wouid be comparatively di- minished. One of the greatest and most shining lights of whom the Colony could beast, and uf whose acquaintance be had been proud—ie alluded to the late Hon. Edward Whelan—was an endorser of equal representation for the three counties of this Island. The hon, member for Belfast had stated that the productions of Queen’s Coun ty were equal to those of the other two coun‘ies, put together; but it should be re membered that a very large quantity of the productions of Prinee and King’s Counties, were set (own in the returns of the Collectors of Customs as having been produced :in Queen’s County, and therefore, the quantities returned for the former two counties were considerably diminished. This was,the prin- cipal reason why the prceductions of Queeri’s Gounty appeared equa! to the other two coun: ties. ‘In reference to the Railroad question it was ey:dent to all our thinking men that something should be done io give greater facilities for the transportation of produce to good shipping-places, Ino other countries tram-roads and macadamized roads had been tried, but railroads had to be built after all; it was better, therefore, before epend:ng any further large sun.s of money upon our com- mon roads, to begin the construction of a ratlway without delay. If at any time people in Prince County wished to transact business in Charlottetown, they would invariably pre- fer to go direct-by the cars, instead of either the long land route, by horse ana carriage, or the long water route, by packet or steam- boat, He believed every hon. member of the Committee would support a measure for the construction of a railway, if the road woulé only pass through his district. No stronger argument than this could be used to show that every hon member of the House believed that a railroad from Tignish to Georgetown would prove to be a great advantage to every section. ofthe i¢!snd through which it would pass. The opposition of some hon, members to @ railroad, because it wou!d not pass through their districts, seemed very uit because the inbabitants of the outlying parts ot King’s and Prince Counties did not ecom- plain that the great advantages of steam communication were denied them, While they were largely enjoyed by the peop!e of more favored localities. He had known people as Tignish who had never seen asteame> during the whole of their lives, and had never de- rived any benefit from our steamboat lines. Why should the people of one locality derive more advantages from public works than those of another? Why should the farmers of the extreme western part ot the Island be required to pay for macadamizing roads in the neighborhood of Charlottetown, without receiving any correspo..ding benefits? Why should a hundred acres of land near good public wharf accommodation, be more valu- able than a hundred acres of the fertile lands of the West, where that advantage does not exist? It was well known that it was diffi- cult to effect insurance on vessels leaving any of our North Shore harbors in the fall of the year, and that shipowners were obliged to run great risks on both ship and cargo if they loaded their vessels in any of those harbors during that season. By trans-

| accommodation; the consequence was that

\Island. The cargoes of vessels engaged in ‘the fisheries off our northern shores would nearly all find their way to a southern port, to b> re-shipped to all the markets of North | Atseeten. Some hon. members of the Op- | position had stated that the taxee which ber be imposed upon our people for the

building of a railway would be severely felt, |

| but this was altogether incorrect; the taxes | would be less felt with the benefit of a rail- way than they were at present without that advantage. Why did the late Government take £3,500 out of the treasury and import a Stone Crusber from Boston for the purp ve of improving our roads? Because the people preferred to pay beavier taxes with the advantages of goud roads, to dragging their produce to market with mod reaching tothe axes, Ask the people who travel over the macadamized roads whether they were willng to give them up for the common roads, and they will unanimously answer in the negative. Wherever we travel, as we proceed along our public roads, we find every blacksmiths shop almost ‘blockaded with broken vehicles of every description, all of which were broken down upon our high- way; and this increased, indirectiy, ihe farmers taxes, Such a state of things could not exist much longer; something would have to be done to facilitate the transport of goods and passengers from one part of the country to another, It had been stated that there was but a smail quantity of produce in the country at the present time; but he knew of localities where there were thousands of bushels of zrain in the bands of the farmers, which would of course require trans- portation toa shipping place. Those hon. members who said taat there was no part of this Island more than ten miles from a sbip- ping place, were little acquainted with many parts of the country; he eaw a gentleman in the rocm who had to convey his-produce at least thirty miles in order to reach a ship- ping place, Our exports had been gradually mereasing from year to vear until they had assumed very large proportions, and our re- venue was increasing at the rate of £4€00 per year. It had been found in the United States, that their exports had increased just in proportion to the increace of their railway

the people of that country were building rail- ways at the rate of thirty miles per day. England, though burdened with an enormous National Debt, commenced building railroads in 1829, and she had to-day, pro rata, more capital than any other netion in .the world, invested in railways,and was one of the most prosperous countries inthe world. Sheown ed all her own roads, and three-‘ourths of ithe railroads in the Un:ted States were built on English capital. The income from railways in England in 1870, $4.56 per cent,, from Seotch railways £4.70, and@ trom [rin -rai!- ways £3.65; but it should be remembered that all those railways were built on the hroad guage ;principle. ‘If our farmers were compelled to .use the o!ii plow and the old wooden harrow :to perform the labor upon their ‘farme, would it be pessible for them to. a¢complish the same amount oi work they now did? ‘Why did they invest £40 or £50 quite freely in mowing machines which were used only during a few weeks in the year? Because those implements enabled them to perform & greater amount of labor in a shorter time and at less cost than under the old system. A railroad would be far more busily employed in the fall than at other seasons of the year; but there would be constant employment for it at all seasons, in Conveying goods and passengess. It had been found that in every country in the world where railways were established, the trade had increased to such an extent, that they could not be dispensed with; and it would vet be the same case in this Island. The fact that the revenue had increased £4000 during the past year, and that from Customs duties alone, it had increased £26,- 000 since 1864, was an jndication of our future progress. How was it that the people of this Colony pay double the amount of taxes paid in 1850, and yet were more com- fortable and wealthy in every way, than at thet time? It was not long since the House of Aesembly held its sessions in the Old Court House, and when a measure was in- troduced for the expenditure of £9900 for the construction of the present Colonial Building, the cry of the opposition was. nearly the eame as that of to-day against the building of a railroad; the burden of their complaint then was that *‘ it would be a great waste of the public money, and as the revenue was only <21.000, the Colony would be ruined.’’ When Respussib'e Government was intro- duced a great many w..> people predicted utter ruin to the country, -bed2use of our undertaking to-pay the Civil List af 4n ex- pense of £9000 out of a revenue of only £18,000. One Bank formerly transacted 2! the banking business of the Colony, and was at one time thought to'be quite eufficient ; but five Banks were now in successful opera- tion, and the increased trade of the country required all of them, Would the country not continue t>9 make as rapid progress in the future as it had made in the past ? Was every portion of the Island cultivated as weil as the farms in the vicinity of Char-

| while that of New

unswick was only 13 to | the square mile.

He contended that <here

| was no country in North America which 9ro- duced a larger quantity of agricultural 5 | ductions im proportion to its than P

| Edward Island, and taking our population as | @ whole they were in better circumstances than any similar purober in the Provinces; and, | therefore, iu @ better pusition to sustain the cost of a railroad. Our fisheries were second to none in the world, and when properly de- veloped would produce more wealth than all the productions of our soil. As to the advan- tages of the marrow over the broad gauge railroads, he thought they were unguestionabie. /At a meeting of the Statistical Society of Englaad, held a short time ago, Mr, stated that it would be the menus of an auuual saving of twenty-six millions of pounds ster hug anvually to England if abe had she narrow gaage -ustead of the broad gauge railroads, Wales had a line of railway of only two feet gauge, over which 130,000 tons of freight, and 170090 passengers had been conveyed in a single year. When, therefore, we found every other country adopting the narrow road, surely we would not be retrograding :n following theirexample. Those narrow gauge railroads ave less costly, more easily aud quick- ly construeted, and more suitable to the wenis of this Colony than those built on the broad gauge principle, while at the same time their wear and tear are much less than those of ¢he latter. E.J. Boyd, Esg,, member of the In- stitute of Civil Engineers, London, whose opinions were worthy of the fuliest coasidera- tion, aud who had travelled through the eastera and westeyn portions of the Isiand, and no doubt considered the practicability of con- structing a railroad through those districts; bad stated in a communication addressed to bim (Hon, Mr. H.) that a railroad of three feet six inehes gauge, with stations, rolling stock, and a'l equipments, in running order, could be built at a cost of £4,500 currency per mile. In addition to that information, several oifers had been received, by the Hon. the Leader of the Government, to build the road; but one offering to build it for £5,000 Ee mile ‘rom ienjeudlite parties, offering the st security for the fulfilment of the contiaet, if underteken, was worthy uf the most serious consideration of the House, This was quite sufficient evidence that a narrow gauge rai! road could be buiit for a sum not exceeding that amount. ‘As to our means for paying the interest of the sum required in its constraciion, he believed that the inhabitants of this Colony had, man for man, more wealth than the popu- lation of any of the other Provinces, and, therefore, were in a better position to meet the required expenditare. Wherever railweys were in Operation, they were always preferred to.steamers and sailing vessels for che convey- anes o° freight from one sea-port to another, in the sume country. Coal was, of late, far ebeaper in London, England, than it was when conveyed by sailing vessels and steamors some years a70, Owing to its carriage by rail. car, although the distance from the mines was nearly the same io both cases. Freight could be conveyed from Japan, via Pacific Ruilroad more cheaply and quickly than by steamers via Isthmus of Panama, and thus Boston and New York were brought thoveands of miles nearer that Country. As-tae railways of New Brunswick would be connected with the American lines next sammer, this Island would also be brought within a few hours of al! the large cities of the American Continent, Cargoes of tea could now be placed in London, G. B, via Pacific Railroad in sixty days from Yoka. hama, ‘The merchants of New York and Boston who know. well what they were abont, preferred the rail-car for the conveyange of treight to the best sailing vessels and steamers in the world. A committee of Halifax mer- chants made 4 calculation and found they could get a cargo of tea from Japan in forty-seven days, the consequence would be that they couid ovteell England in the tea trade, (his would show the advantage of railway accomodation, and the effect it had upon the trade of a country, We had already a considerable traffic through this Island, and if we had .the advantage of a railroad our merchants and farmers would icamediately put it 10 good ae- count and freight enough would be found to keep it constantly engaged. In reference to the returns we wight expect from it, he bee lieved they would, at least, be us large as those of aay equal number of miles of railway in the ne'ghboring Provinces. The returneirom Shediac aud St. John Railroad showed that ninety per cent of the freight eomveyed over taat road was from local soufces, and ten per ceat from through traffie. 170, ngers were conveyed over the railroads of the Pro- vince of New Brunswick during the past year, avd as we should have # larger population along our line, in proportion to its length, « larger proportion of our population would travel by rai'-car. Supposing we built a jive of railway, 120 miles in iength, we would have & population of at least 800 to the mile of road, and ne did not think it too much to say that 100,000 passengers Wo2!d pass over the line annually. It wasa well .andymsfood fact in reference to railways and coaches, thas the man who travelled farthest travelled cheapest, and that was the principle upon which they were awade to pay, the farther suff was. conveyed the move ebeaply it was carried,