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THE GUARDIAN. cmvxpcrrjrarawiv

THE GUARDIAN

Morning Dally (Founded In I881) ‘utliorlzezl us NMWIIIII Cluln hlrsil, Poss Offten Department, Ottawa. The lsland Guardian Publfsblnl Co ‘Burro: and Managing hirer-tor. J. It. Assnrlnle Editor, Frank Wnllrll

‘Burnslfl

fThe Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest lnk.“

Eirmnurrrrrowisi, FRIDAY, sum‘. 24, 194s

The Soviet Challenge

The succession of Soviet acts of aggression culminated in the Berlin crisis iust as arrange- ments had been made for Sir Stafford Cripps, in hi; capacity of British Chancellor of the Ex- chequer, to visit Ottawa and Washington. lt Is only natural that those who have been following world events would put two and two together, and reach the view that we are on the brink of World War Three. Thatis not inevitable, but certainly the situation is one of extreme gravity, and it is well not to harbour undue optimism as to Russia's inability to implement her threats.

Should a war break out, Canada would be in the thick of it, for not only are we on the high- way between Russia and the United States by the northern route, but we are so involved, com- mercially and financially, with our American neighbors that we would be forced to align our- selves with them.

The expectation of many people is that the atomic bomb would be our salvation, and that our possession of this weapon is alone sufficient to frighten Moscow from forcing a resort to arms. It must be borne in mind, however, that the potentialities of destruction by means If atomic warfare are so staggering as to make

ilt a menace to both sides. The experience of the two trial bombs dropped on Japan proved conclusively that the area of atomic devastation is greater than any area between friendly nations in Europe and the Soviet countries. What would happen is that everything, living and dead, would be wiped out of existence and nothing gained by way of compensation. The Russians know this as well as do the Western nations, and are far less likely than are the latter to be checked by humanitarian fears as to the consequences.

The opinion is gaining ground that our’ best safeguard in this, as in other crises, is the old and tried one of having men well trained and equipped for any emergency. The defense plans of the Western nations, including Canada, take full cognizance of this fact, and it is on this realistic basis that the Soviet challenge must be faced.

In the current issue of Newsweek it is stated that no relief from the "cold war" is in sight. U. S. officers are convinced that Soviet policy calls for continued prodding of the West i1 Berlin or somewhere else. Russia is not ready for a truce or a settlement. Whether this is be- cause Stalin thinks he can bluff the West into further concessions or needs foreign diversions to hide his po t-war schemes at home is any- body's guess. anger of an immediate "hot war" is receding, however. Experts think Russia won't deliberately provoke hostilities this late in the season. Part of Russia will soon be wintered in. Next Spring will be the dangerous season if the Russians are determined to get what they

still want in Russia by fighting for it if neces- Iary, _ '

Those Meat Prices

One reason meat prices have been climb- ing is that livestock population is not increas- ing as fast as human population. The change in this ratio, particularly in the United States, is striking.

With a human population of 39 millions in I870, livestock in the U. S., including young stock was as follows:

97 cattle per I00 people.

I24 sheep per I00 people.

94 hogs per I00 people.

ln I948, by contrast, with approximately I45 million people, there are:

54 cattle per I00 people.

24 sheep per I00 people.

38 hogs pcr I00 people.

Numbers of all species 0n farms at the be- ginning of I948 were lower than a year ago, and considerably below the peak production year. Numbers of U. S. farms on January I, in hun- dreds of thousands were:

Peak Year I94

No. 85,573

Decrease 8.2%

I948

Cattle is,554 Sheep i942 55,123 35,332 37.0% Hogs I944 83,741 55,038 34.39.’;

In Canada because of a later expansion in agriculture, the situation is better, but it show; the some trend. In l87l, with a human popula- tion of 3,689,000, livestock on farms totalled:

7I cattle per I00 people.

86 sheep per I00 people.

37 hogs per I00 people.

ln I948, with a human population of Ill/i», millions, livestock numbered:

75 cattle per I00 people.

2l sheep per I00 people.

42 hogs per I00 people.

Taken together, with the embargoes on livestock shipments to the U. S. now lifted, the amount of. meat to be distributed among the populations of Canada and the U. S. is show- lng a drastic reduction while in Canada people are now eating I3 pounds of beef more per capito than in I939.

This is iust one phase of a food picture which is becoming clearer throughout the world. The world's food supply is shrinking in relation to its population. Even in North America, com-

rparativaly a region of plenty, essential meat sup- plies, as these figures show, are failing to keep pooo with the growth in human population.

In view of such on over-all trend, quite apart from thd teinporary dislocations of wars and fonilnss, food is becoming increasingly hard to get, and food prices in rssponssjo the in- creasing scarcity are almost universally on the

- EDITORIAL NOTES --

spread gravel for the immediate relief of motor-

ists.

law

Trade between the lsland and Newfound- land has long been good and continues to im- prove. lt is by meeting the needs of customers, even if special effort is at first needed, that permanent markets are secuied.

East and West on the lsland Wednesday proved a great day for farmers, though the weather did not prove so propitious as the spec- lators and promoters could have desired. Still the spirit was there-the right kind of spirit which is not discouraged by set-backs.

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Ragweed is on its way out on the lsland due to the energetic action being taken by the Gov- ernment and the Councils of the City and Summerside. lt is a healthy sign when these popularly elected administrations see their duty and do it, without too much flare of trumpets.

i D I I

In the present crisis in Britain it_ is once more, as ever, in its "lsland story," when "none was for a Party, but all were for the State." It happened here in I939 when the Conservatives assumed the same attitude as the Opposition in the British Parliament, stood four-square behind the Government of the day irrespective of their differences in domestic affairs.

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A New York bank has adopted a new type of cheque which will probably revolutionize banking methods. lt is a card which can be folded to fit wallets, pre-punched with the bank's routing symbol, and the number of the depositor's account. The amount is also punch- ed so that sorting, totalling, reconciliation, etc., can be wholly automatic.

/ I Q

Just about everything has been preserved in cans. The latest development in that dir- ection is the decision of the American Army to can its reserve of rifles and corbines. The ad- vantage over the old method of coating with heavy grease will be obvious to anyone who has had the task of getting a weapon so treated ready for use.

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I Sir Alan Patrick Herbert, Kt. M.P., Brit- ish author, journalist and politician, born this date I890; independent M. P. for Oxford University; secured passage for his Matrimonial Causes Bill against stiff opposition from all sides of the House-his humour helped him consid- erably. His publicatians include The Secret Battle , Light Articles Only, Tinker, Tailor, Mr. Moon, The Wafer Gipsies, Holy Deadlock, General Cargo, Less Nonsense! "A highbrow is the sort of a person who looks at a sausage and thinks of Picasso."

n- o a a

At the annual meeting of the Canadian Signals Association at Ottawa last week four representatives were chosen as delegates to the conference of defence associations to be held in Ottawa in December. They are: Brig. McKee, Lin-Col. Brenneman, Brig. Boament and Lt.-Col. F. J. Storey, Charlottetown, retiring president of the association. Lt.-Gen. Charles Foulkes, Chief of the General Staff, Map-Gen. E. G. Weeks, Adjutant-General, and Map-Gen. N. E. Rodger, Quartermaster-General were in attendance at the association meeting.

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Too much sympathy can cause trouble, say two investigating doctors. ln the medical jour- nal, The Lancet, Dr. E. N. Thomson and Dr. M. Curran described the cases of 318 elderly pati- ents released from two Glasgow municipal hos- pitals. They found Z4 completely confined to bed who had been able to get up before leaving the hospital. The patients, the doctors said, were well enough to be up and left to their own devices they would have been. "Too much sym- pathy on their homecoming led to their being more or less ordered by their unqualified nurses to ‘stay in bed for a day or two to recover your strength'." After a day or two of "supermol|y- cuddling," the old folk began to enjoy being spoiled and gradually lost the power to rise at

all.

it will be recalled that the Rt. Hon. l-lugh Dalton, when Chancellor of the British Ex- chequer, hintcd that economies could be effected if Britain imported fewer Havanna Clgflrir-fl dig at Mr. Winston Churchill. He is no longer Chancellor of the Exchequer, but Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, a sinecure which enables him to play the part of maid of all works for the Government, and has followed his own advice with regard to economy. He told a politicallmeeting at Leicester last Sunday that he has quit smoking cigarets "because of the rise in the cost of living." He receives a salary OI £5,000 ($20900) a year as a cabinet member. Popular brands of cigarets in Britain now cost 3s 6d. (70 cents) for a pack pl 20,

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Rivalry for the Conservative leadership is becoming more intense as the date of the con- vention approaches. Returning to Montreal en route home to Saskatchewan, Mr. Diet". baker declared that his tour of the Maritimes (which did not include this Province) has con. vinced him that a new spirit pervades the rank and file. In spite of recurrent defeats, both no- tionally and provincially, the party is ready for a "P" ‘l'°_" °f "WWW. he said. "lf out of the '~'°"_""tI0II. o strong policy is evolved and n national organization everywhere in Canada is launched with vigor, the hope of the party for victory at the next election can be achieved." Mr. Diefenboker called for a policy which is not too long. He said too many policies have

The wet weather has played havoc with recently graded roads but it is unlikely that the Department will blithely ignore its estimates and

K-c? WINTEWS COMING

Allll/

ALWAYS BLOW A 1.11115 Mace Sor-"rcv HERE.’

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ALRIGHT.’ BUT IT couco‘ Be WORSE - "CANADA TO-DAY" Teas US 00R WINTERS ARE AMoNG Tu: MILDEST in 11.45 country)

P054104! I

Sapphire Mink New QueemOf Fur World

(Ric-hard H. Syriac 1n the‘ Wall Street. Journal)

Mum's the word, men. Don't lei, your wives re_ad this story. It may set them to hankerlufl I01‘ a blue sapphire mink coat. sched- uled to hit the market in 1952. And 1f they're persuasive enough. this fancy fur garment. will C05): you a-t. least. $50,000.

Right. now the raw material for this expensive luxury is stalll on 111:- hoof. Fifty-five blue sapphire minke, the only ones of their kind. are prancing about. on P861116 northwest mink farms. As breed- ing stock, they're the ancestors of future fur coats.

The rare fur o1 these animals is a uniform, light. powdery blue. unlike any other similar fur 1n hue. It's e. product of crass-breed- ing and the result of what gene- licisls call a double recessive.

A fcw years ago. Andrew Warls. a mink rancher of Claislcaule. Ore. produced what 1s now known as the Aleutian blue mink. Then another rancher 1n southern Ore- gon discovered a wild mink which eventually became known as the Imperial Platinum. The two animals were mated by Al Borgebt. a Portland rancher. Their off- spring then were mated. As the first parents were recesslves (meaning that: each had less dom- inating genetlcal characteristics than their ancestors) it. was pretty certain that somewhere along the line of baby mlnks the recessive traits would combine to produce s true strain of entirely "new fur. The blue sapphire was the out- come.

Biologically, this known as a mutation. It means that nature produces o. sudden variation as distinguished from a gradual variation 1n which new characteristics develop through many generations. ,

If all 55 blue sapphires now in existence were killed today. their fur wouldn't be enough to make a coat. Approximately 60 pelts are needed to produce a short-length garment. and around 70 for a full “new look" length. Anyhow. as breeding stock the animals are worth for mare-in fact, a pair 1s worth more than its weight. 1n gold. Mature males weigh about fcur pounds, females two pounds Six pounds of gold comes to $3.- 360. Each male mink carries a price tag of $5,000, females around $2.500 apiece.

Sa-me of these 55 minks will be sold to breeders 1n, other parts of tne country. some will be kept. ‘by ranchers here. For the next cou- ple of years all the offspring wlll. 1n turn. become breeding and producers think 1t will be 1952 before ttiere'll be enough pelts for garment, making. Even then the rupply won't be large. so blue sapphire coat. production will be limited for. a long time to come. Eventually, as the pelt. supply be- comes more plentiful, prices will crme down, of course. For ex- ample. four years ago when silver blue mink was comparatively rare. a pelt of that hue was worth $275. Last. year the average was s40. Much of the average mink teacher's production sells for n good deal less. The “standard dark" pelt makes up the bulk of the average rnlnk farm's output A standard dork pelt now brings $15. or slfghtly higher depending on quality. During the war years, the prlce never dropped below

process 1s

$25.

Mlnks mature at the age of about four months and are mat- ed 1n March. Females produce one litter a veer. ranging from two to ten offspring-the average is about. four young ‘ans per fe- male per yesr. . They are hungry critters. n. fact which ls bringing headaches to ranchers In these days of hlgli feed costs. A mixture of ground fish scraps and horsemest 1s fed once daily at most ranches. This l: supplrrnented by cereal and

been enunciated by different parties which are

ustre-nd.

too long, too vogue, or too uncertain.

yeast. ttorremest now costs sev- on

stock. l

and one-half cars n pound:_

A few years ago fish scraps were generally to be had for the haul- ing away. Now the cost, Is one cent a pound up. Before the war. yeast. cost $12 per hundred pounds. Last year it was $18 This year 1t 1s up to $21.

Before the war. good help on a mink ranch could be had for $100 monthly. plus room and board. The salary scale now ls $200 monthly with room and board.

tvltlnk ranchers, too. are again faced with Oriental competition Hundreds of thousands of mink furs from Japan and China again are being imported into the U. S. Fur men claim they are definitely inferior to American mink.

l Acadians In New England

Elizabeth Ooatawortli, l-n lrho Christian Science Mon-libr-

or all the shadowy figures which walk 1n Hingl-iam streets. 110119 are more shadowy than the Acad- iuns. When ue first. come to Hing- ham, people still talked regretfully of the Acad-ian House. a. long.‘ imv gotitjage which stood under Derby H111 and was torn down to make room for the Tbwfl 0310B .Bl.1lldlll8. We were told that o. heir of amdltons ilad stood ln it. ivhoss uprights ended in fleurs-de-lfs an

fans. If so, these are the only tangible meme-altos of their stay of which I have ever heard.

They came here in their eillle, men, women and children. H"! lived at. the Welcome Lincoln House at West. l-llngharn. at. on- other house on Broad Cove Lane. and at. the Hersey house where for years a pane of glass was kept. 0n which some ol the-m had scratched their names. The town. with its long memory. l5 5W8"! that. they used to gather In (J19 fields to hold services under the sky; and the town records have notices of various sums spent. for them, while 1n the diaries of t-he mld-clgliteeritti century there are notices of hiring French men and bays for husking corn and Such work.

Everyone knows in general hOW the expedition under John Wins- low appeared off Beau-SeJOl-lr. early ln June of 1755. and at how the peaceful farmers were sum- moned inlo the church to receive instructions and t-here seized upon and with their women and chil- dren -- but, alas! often separated from them - were carried off lnt.o exile up and down iihe colonies.

It was slxteen-year-old Lieu- tenant Joseph Blake who exhorted the contingent. of these people 0o be quartered here. He wasofHlng- ham blood and later, like the com- ‘flnander of the expedition. John Winslow, came to Hlngham ‘to live. There ls a portrait. of lsfm 1n e. three-cornered hat. with s heavy, rather open face. I do not imagine lira-l, he or any of the rest. of the exlwdillon much rel- ished the work they had been put to. I think of lieutenant. General Winslow, or young Lieutenant. Blake, as shopping Joseph Brow or Charles Trawhow or Anthony Berry (I wonder what. thedr names really were) when they met. them on the street to ask how they were doing. and to press s half- penny into the hands of any chlld who might be with them. Was Winslow on his Hlnaham pillow ever uneasy, wondering 1f he should not have token more time to the business, should not. have seen to 1t. that the prisoners were allowed to form their own groups before being dispersed on the different. vessels? Were his dreams haunted by seeking eyes and ask- ing voices? .

Probably not. The eighteen cen- tury was not. squeamish and sol- diers, apparently, do not spend much time in vain reg-rota. But 1 do imagine hlrn as perhaps go- ing out of his way to do some small kindness to those of his former charges who came across tile path, for that ls human na- ture. too, and no doubt. Lieuten- ant. Blake, meeting Mme. -Berry, asked her kindly enough how the baby was doing.

For some years the

" it. was four cents 1n pro-war days ’

o@oo-@oo<n-oo<¢-o

Q Old Charlottetown s13 (And P. E. l.)

PLEASING PROSPECTS

"should any of your friends visit the Island 1n my absence you may direct them to inquire for Mr, Henry Longwortws homo m the Royalty-any one will polnb 1t out whom he may happen to meet an the St, Peter's or main Post. Rand to the eastward, out. of which the Royalty road that. leads past. Mr, Longwortlfs diverges. On arriving at the top of the hill Where Mr. lnngworths house 1s situated, formerly called Paul Jane's H111, he will have an ex- tensive prospect; spread beneath his feet: the Straits of Northam- berlancl, the entrance of the Harbour, the country for mile; around, a bird's eye view of the Town and the high lands of Nova Soc-Lia 1n the background.

"There are several excellent far- mers both ln the Ccmmons and Royalty. Judge Peters, who com- menced but. a few years ago as an amateur, 1s deservedly reckoned a good practical, and will soon be, I think. s. good scientific farmer. Hon. George Goodman, Collector of Her Majesty's Cllsloms, has a very pretty and valuable place of his own making, Mr, Peake, is merchant. of Charlottetown, 1s showing the effects of judicious

which had belonged to the Acad-j outlay or gapltal and giving proofs

of the possibility of raising the sail cit the Island to a degree of fertility equal to that of the moot favoured parts of the Mother Country. Mr. George Beer, senior, was among the first to practically lllustrate the benefits of liming the land and the adoption of a judicious rotation o1 crop; _ , _

"There are some gentleman's seats worthy of a passlng glance. Amongst several others, Mount Edward, u substantial brick edifice, ls tenanted by the Hon. Capt. Eiwabey; it. 1s owned by the Chief Justice who resides at Spring Park —whlch almost. adjoins the town, and ls a very beautiful place nat- urally. but capable of being rendered more so. Walkinshaw, Esq. 1s completing a brick mansion begun by the late Jc-lm Grubb, Esq. all Falconrvrood an the Hills- borough, William Forgan, Esq, has a house prettlly situated on the road which leads to Mount Ed- ward."

—Frcm a series of letters 1n the ROYBI Gazette, 1851, by John Law- son, Esq, barrister, to a friend m the Old Country.

Scotland's Impressive Record

(Windsor Star)

Throughout the world those of Scottish birth or descent are ivabchhig uPh irccn interest the resurgence of enterprise 1n the “land of the heather and the kllt.." In no other country. since the war‘; end, has the population, per- son for person, displayed so united s. desire to keep its proud name s symbol of triumph 1n the face of greet odds.