- NEWSY

l? AGIICOLA

POTATO WILT

A et. lust received from ihe Dom on Laboratory of Plant Pathology. Charlottetown. should be of great interest to potato grow. ers. that is. 1o farmers generally. it is entitled "Vertlcilllum Wilt of Potatoes in P. E. Island" and em- bodies the. prellmlhflry researches conducted G. W. Ayers. (Junior Pa ol t) and R. R. gin-st, (officer- n-charge e1 the Laboratory).

Potato wilt has. no doubt. been prevalent. in s, small way. for some years; but so many factors have obscured its effects that it has been

own. During the

crease has forced it tention of scientists here. and the causal organism has been studied. That organism is a fungous par- uile known as Verticillium alba- atrnm: there are several micro- pholographs in the book, one of which clearly shows the vertioillate arrangemen of the "branchleis" whence the fungus gets its name. The final sections treat of effect oh yield. control measures. and a general summary of the results so far obtained. It is like —though l have no exact informs on-tlrat

m, aluable hlet can be ob- taineg from thlelnfgaiborawry.

“CANADIAN NATURE"

The November-December num r o; "Canadian Nature" (V01 1, o. 2) is also to hand today. I do not know cf any other publication in Canada which makes anythirgi like the h, a1 to inquisitive chll , that his little magazine does. Teachers are sometimes in a quan- dary for material (and the ac- that ma-

With "Canadian Nature" at hand their difficulties disappear like mist before the morning sun. vrhere i; information and guid- ance oi such n kind that closer

contacts with. and a deeper Ip- preciatlon of nature will result," there are two

To partioulaiize pa of bird pictures, colored. as na urally and brightly as in life itself. There are four birds illus- trated, all of which are found oh the Island, and concise but ani- mated notes on their habits ac- company their pictures. Similar in character (but not in color) is an article on "Winter Birds with eight illustrations and copious notes".

For the collector there is the second instalment of "Common shells"; like the first article it is confined to freshwater snails. Our Physagyrina was illustrated in the previous number. and a species of Succlnea in this. Little ls known ni cur shell snails. and what little we do know is derived from a dis- iiuzuislied naturalist of former divs. Francis Bain.

An astronomical chart of the evening sky, _plans for a feeding shelter for birds. and instructions for constructing and maintaining a irrrarium for such live-stock as amphibians and reptiles, are among me varied contents of the maga- zine. while there is finally a "school Page" with suggestions contributed by a well-known Pub- lic School Inspector in Ontario.

SOME FEMININE ACTIVITIES

A glance at Sir Walter Scott's “Ai:iiquary“. (a story I have read BIYEFBI times) reminds me. by its nciure of the Muoklefoackit fam- ily. of a race which I believe is now cxlinct. but which was very much 1'1 evidence once upon a time in mv native county. I refer to what vere known locally as "Cullercoats Fishwivcs". Wives, I ma remark en passant. simpl, mean women. and we had henw ves, women who kept hens. and pitwives. who how- over had nothing to do with the lfllliPS, exec-pt as living in the vil- lains near them. The fishwives may or may not have been marri- ed. but always sold the fish which the male n-iembers of the family caught, and I pficsume exercised a tight grasp oi e money collected in the oocss. They were. and lid 11:0 to be mucklebackit. since it W85 their lot to reach Newcastle by train and to tramp miles of streets. bearln their finny wares in stout baske on their shoulders. Oihers passed on, to carry the sea- fccd up hill and down dale, to vil- lc-ges six or seven miles beyond the ciuv. bet me draw a pen picture of these enterprising females. Whether their diet had anything lo do with their proportions I cannot say: but like the Japanese. who also consume fish in quantity. iilcv were low in stature. But siocky to a degree, they were about "five feet high and two feet Square!" Rather pleasing in count-

once they were what the Northum- hrians termed ‘round-featured‘, and fmm constant exposure to the weather they one and all had the more-then-rosv hue so easily I- auired where the influence oi the Gulf Stream softens the climate. Their dress was un orm. a short coat oi black-blue terial and a voluminous skirt c,‘ yough indigo "Ne. protected bv an apron of blue 010th. a shade lighter than the skirt. If the fishwife bore creel 0n her back (as she usually I11 she wore a short hood oi bad; cloth. as a head-covering: sometimes. when she carried the

A LARGE I'll? 0R0?

"I"!!! a large crop oi healthy "Iona: nape mu yell o; feeding

ROYAL FOX FEED

Results llllfllll former eeueoua Wm can the m of aom ma a (Md meat ration ls the moot pol- u" "I known for the - clue I "fl"! beet breeding nenlla

lnlht on Royal.

All you deem mday or Into

dlreel to

The Si. John Milling Company Ltd.

8am Jenn New llruuvnea

NOTES -

fish in a basket on hei- heed h Did Wis worn over the PWtwt it and to hel balance the basket. The were g 131"" N Illd. keen barge ners, but ‘holy deserved all they got, (or e s were laborious lives. When the fish was all sold they all made for their rendezvous h... m" 14111-1118 the train home to Cull. ercoets-the latter a fkhing village It the mouth of the Tyne. The former (the rendezvous) wag a public-house. or as we would sav B 88-10011. in the centre of New- fmle- Where klasses of hot rum oosened their ton e5, and the noise thereof. to e observer, m. afilhbled nothingnso much as the cries of an unl ited flock of sea- lnll-lfl. The peculiar odor of dc. funct macke and cod lent a overpower fragrance to the air. When on e train the flshwives KM the Oilmpariment to themselves. With the coml of the electric trains to @0951 c. trains having 10h: coaches with no compartments, the doom of the fishwives was sealed. The travelling public could not stomach the fishy fragrance: and when the railway company of- fered to provide a special coach the fishwlves. on their dignity’, re- ftuséi to bewlsegrvegated. n: itter P“! "c" N . but heard that the younger $1825)- bers of the clan solved the problem by ttlng cars and peddling in the mo ern way. The Mucklebackitsi had gone for ever!

Women were formerly employed about the nee of the North 900ml)’. but. with one exception, they were debarred from this lab- or by legislation somewhere about the year 1840. The only remaining case of their being employed at the mlhes is in Cumberland where they are still working as "scree losses". They are engaged in cl; out (by hand) the stones, shale, etc. from the coal as it passes be- fore them on the ‘screen’ conveyor belt. They are happy in the mono- tonous but easy task. and in most cases the employment is of th own seeking. hey dress with

tleea aprons. sha/wls and shiny the latter being shoes with lea er uppers and wooden soles: Thus they are quite a pleasing local feature. In Northumberland and Durham. the ‘screening’ is done by old men and s. who stand in rows on each side of the ‘screen’ as the coal goes y_

We go to the Blrioultural dis- tricts of Glendale and Tweedside for the third (and last) instance of unusual feminine activity. The use of female labor for farming oper- atlons now undertaken by men in other ris of Britain. still lingers on C eviotside. and there the “bond r” (as the woman worker was ca led) may still be men clad in what is described as the last {erniaining peasant costume o! Eng- an

The word ‘bondager’ carries an unpleasant sound to modern ears.‘ but its origin is perfectly innocent. It comes from the days of the “Hiring Fairs”. (usually shiiortened to ‘The I-Iirings") where all farm

DRl-KIL

SAVES YOU" 10 TIMES WHAT YOU SPEND!

The Perfect All-Funnier lfurm Insect Powder

Dill-Kl]. ucill- ally kill: tluklnflce, iniiel on your cheep. huge, cattle an lwllllry — oven Ill u-lnlcr. and pm. v c |l t a lnilliclllafl- ru-lufeslnilnn. Easy iii-use. non-poison-

’ uu

Y d PULVEX nu o not ll

results are poaarlllfllv: izhgefntliareiIlfiei-iel;

fkwls‘ null rarmitoa on yviur fnxps

mil y h - . .

.1::.:‘:P;:1...*.':t lblll-Iill. lIIlI PULVEX

Ciloner l’roducta—l!rltl|h 51:5: “$11117 Guaranteed. Order from your Drug. Hardware. Feed and Seed Store or write CANADIAN CO-OHERAI1VE \VO0L UIUNVEBS LIMITED Quebec uml Maritime Bram-h. Lcnnoxvllle. Que.

the listener is chi id nbmi

much that in courg In! time‘ fig DDWBr of concentration will be Ideally impaired. if not lost. In that sense. it is a kind of mental ‘dram-drinking’; and we [nflv [ur- ulel‘ M11001’- thflt no advance in human affairs (in any direction; has ever been made, except by concentrating upon the pyomgm involved. Reading as h means or acquiring knowledge. is imlnlceiy

"ARPIQ..-

WEEKLY LIVESTIIBK MARKET REPORT

UITAWA. NOVEMBE, 23 SUMMARY

Very few price changes took place

TIMELY NOTES ON TOPICS CONNECTED WITH

‘ Silver Fox Farming

rel

but the trade proved sensitive to both volume and qlialiily. With competition none too keen. the low- er grades of cows were hare sell- ers an»: difficult to dispose of even at easier prices. The firm trend noticed in the calf market recently continued and some substantial price gairu were marked up. The nog market was not disturbed and only one or two very minor chahflifii occurred notably at Toronto where the dressed price was from 15c to 25c higher. The laanb season ls apparently drawing to a close with runs declining sharply in recent weeks. The week's volume was down to mid-siunmer levels and the market showed firmness as a result and prices moved into high- er ground. Eastern Cattle Markets The TO NTO market held steady on all except canner cows and bologna bulls. these classes showing a loss of 5c to 25c. Weighty steers sold up to $7.50 for choice and butcher steers and heif- ers ranged from a. low $5 to a top of $7.50 but with mOst sales from $7.25 down. The better grades of stockers also maintained a steady tone at $5.50 l0 $6.75. The bul of the cattle at MONTREAL were cows and mostly of common qual-

WPBNOY to radio. inasmuch as the-

ieader may study the subject over and over till he grasps all its ah- - repea- . ouse- ho ds in which (to my own know. 1908B) the members read to be- aulle the long winter nights, have now installed radios and listen to the programmes instead. And the DMEra-nunes are sometimes "mighty poor stuff." . G01 the Best of It. “All, Joh I'm RIM to see you at cnmch." said the Vicar. to his ancient par- 15h_1oherZ”“hl~Iow did you enjoy the filldlgvttngmltiyennsyl. S?’ ispamm‘ er s: a-sittin’ in die front rs w“

in and W118 m; Wu mighty poor stuff. person. mighty poor stuff!"

Earthquakes. These notes gi-e generally written about a fort- night before they appear, and 1h the issue of Nov. 18th I opined that there would likely be notice- able earthquakes this winter, h”- ink the prediction on the con. Junction of the moon and the planets Mars. Jupiter and satin-h, 0n Nov. 18th I observed the moon close to Mars: on the 17th there was an extensive but harmless eB-Tthquake in the southern part of the U. S. A.: and on the 19th. Mount Etna. Sicily. burst into eruption. On Nov. 21st. the moon was in conjunction with Jupiter. and there was the same day a disastrous quake in Turkey, with 43 knOWn dead. On Nov. 23rd. the moon was close to Saturn. and on the same day there was another quake in the U. S. A.. terrifying. but without loss of life_ The pre- diction (mailed on the 13th.) had

servants (male and female) were e . The man who could a: e a strapping sonsie daugh-

r ‘to work out’ was assured of o. better job and a house; and the girl was included in the hiring agreement or bond. and thus be- came a ‘bondager.’ (The New- castle Hlrings resented features which I must ascribe some day).

The bondager. like the fishwife. had evolved garments suitable to her occupation. In a picture (dat- ed 1926) she is depicted as quaint- 1v attired as any Swiss ‘maclchenfl Her head ls covered by a straw hat with a. wide, drooping brim; a wreath of pleated straw en- circling the junction of brim and crown. ‘lb further protect her complexion she wears a scarf tied round the lower part of her face, the ends hanging neatly in front: calling up a pcture of the veiled ladies before the days of Mus- tapha Kemal. A blue blouse. a pink kerohlef. a coarse woollen skirt and blad: stoc s complete the uniform. Her boo (not shoes) are heavy affairs. with hobnailed soles and metal toe-caps. In show- ery weather the bondager added a short shawl or plaid to her equip- men .

OTWS AND ENDS

Etna. On Nov. 18th. Mount Etna. Sicily. was in er ion: it had been threatening for he previous fort- nhglit. It brought to recollection another “Etna” that I encounter ed when I was "a noticin bairn. as one old wife said. (Noticing. in the local dialect. meant observant). The Etna in question was an iri- verted cone of thin metal. stand- ing on its point (and firmly fix- ed) in h shallow bowl of the same substance. It had a hinged lid with a, little loop for a handle. Enquiry brought out the fact that it the old days a common household utensil for warming in-

in the night. when fires were . A small quantity of liquid fuel. alcohol I 5111317059. W115 placed in the bowl and ignited: the flame. playing on the cone- shaped container. warmed the food within it. Like many other household appointments of other clays. the ctna "has passed into the limbo of forgotten things."

Science Marches 0n.“ In a book titled thus. and published in Enz- iand. a point is made to prove the spontaneous generation of life from inorganic materials. and so to render a special Creator un- necessary. An American physician. Dr. George Crile (it says) claims he has manufactured a substance

oh the borderland between the living and the non-living. He roasted the tissues of a eeo brain to ashes. mingled it with

certain nutrients and proteins. and gave the mixture a MPCIAIIIV-NM-P lated electric shock. “Little blobs oi’ telly-like comtructlon formed i the fluid, absorbing oxysen an owin the habits of ordLnar. increased in and divided as

E° '°”“"' m: out firs‘:

mm“ unm xe . goes! the veryuehorll.‘ character of u es, and

l . b much ex- w “B!” his”... adver-

mlnd of

l

was“ and n prelim»

come true. so far.

A Fine Anthem. I note that "Jacksonfls Te Deum" was sung by one of the city choirs a short time n25. That is a fine anthem. and I used to take part in it as an alto choir boy. so my readers will unzerstand it is not a. ‘new piece!’ I also notice that some other musician is hyphenated up with Jackson's name. I am always sus- picious of music headed by Joint homes. like “Beethoven-Smith" and so on. Somebody is hoping to wn fame or money by improving (l) the original composition. That is a cls-alluntlc idea. which should be frowned upon.

NOTES ON ISLAND PLANTS The Rosnceae (5)

Francis Bain put on record that the Black Raspberry [Ruling occi- dcntalls) ls found in this. re ion. This is the parent of the back 1' rry of the gardens and has the peculiar habit of rooting at the tips of the recurved stems. The fruit is purple-black. All the In- dian tribes used the fruit. leaves and roots of this Dluilt in the same manner as those of ll. idacus) The Cloudberry (R. Chamaemorus) was found at one station in the Island. viz., Black Banks. bv Mr, Harold Messervy. It has a wide terrestrial range as shown by its many appellaticns. It is the ubi- quitous Bake-Phillie c-f the Labra- dor (where it is greatly and justlv prized), the Salmoitber-ry and Yellowiberry of . Western Canada. th-c Latoch of the Laplanders and the mult-Jiaerc of the Norwegians In England. since it grows in the 0551-10942»; of hi h mountains. it is called the Cloud erry; 1n the High-

lands where it is locally abundant_

and much sought after, it is the Roebuck-berry nd the Knotbelry. The present wr ter has eaten it on the higher slopes of Cross Fell in the Pennine Chain, and found it delicious. with a flavor. surpassing that of the strawberry and with just sufficient tartness to make it extremely refreshing. At the mill where I was staying the lady of 0.1!.‘ house’ made a cloudlberry pie or tart. which I considered sup- erior to anything in that line previously tasted. The fruit is lung-e. amber-colored and juicy, and res febrifuge qualities. Lew- scn. writlniz in 1865. says it was “brought abundantly to Halifax market." In Sweden vinegar is made from the berries.

In damp woods is found the low-growing‘ Dwarf Raspberry (n. trlflorua) with red fruit which "does not separate easily from the receptacle." It; petals are smgii, white. and erect. Bein mentions the leafy-bracketed Blackberry (It. frondoeus). a plant with large white flowers and s berry oi raw ‘drupcsfi B. canadenals ls the 10w Blacleberrv. a (IGIIIWGTI of rocky thickets half way across Canada. 'I‘he berry is large and iuicv but rather acid. It is’ also called Trail. lhil Blackberrvr and the Dewberry. Bturdevant gives it high nrglge; the plant (he says) furnishes a fine fruit varying from half eh inch to one inch in diameter. and is preferred to other blackberries. being sweet. Juicy. high flavored and excellent. Ase Qrgy mumm- the Bristlv Blackberry (B. eetosusl a plant not previously included 1r. our lists: his "Manual" states .~ it it glows in srwamns and meadows from P. 1i‘. 1., to Ver- mont and Connecticut. In similar situations is found the Running 901mb 15¢ (B. hllpddua).

EF

ity. Demand for these was weak- er. Other classes held steady to firm with good steers selling up to $7.60, and the bulk of the mediums between $6.25 and $6.75. Butcher cows ranged between $3.25 and $5.50. but with the majority from $5 down. Western Cattle Markets

Continued mild weather with re- sulting moderate deliveries serv- ed to again hold western markets to fairly stead prices, but, as was the case in e east. cows were sold under ressure and. as a rule. at easier pr ces. There were hard- lv sufficient choice cattle offered

.

st wmNLPavcr to test rlces for is class. The bul the to choice kinds sol between $6

and $6.75. cows were htly low- er with torps around $4.5 and the bulk of‘ the sales from $4 to $4.25. Demand for stockers was easier with medium to ood kinds moving

and CALGARY had _ butcher steers at $6 to $6.50, MONTON recorded a tog: of $3.50. PRINCE ALBERT $5.7. MOOSE JAW REGINA $6.25. SAB- KAIOON $6.50. and VANCOUVER. was active up to a high of $7 on a few sales. In the Maritime Pro- vinces, good quality cattle were scarce good handyweight steers sold u-p to $7 and good cows were worth as much as $4.75.

The U. S. Market

Only a. few sales of Canadians were made at Buffalo. with steers paying $7.50 and $8 A few f ers were taken off the Toronto yards for U. S. shipment, weighing between 900 and 1.000 pounds and costing $6.50 to $7. Good steers were quoted at St. Paul art $7.50 to $8 and cows and bulls between $5.50 and $6.25

The latest release by the United States. Treasury Department cov- ering the period October 1st to November 11th. imports of 28,314 heavy Canadian cattle. This represents 65.32% of the fourth quarterly quota for this class oi cattle. .

Exports to the United States dur- ing the past week totalled 3.428 beef cattie. 401 dairy. and 588 calves. making the totals to date this year 174.038 beef, 11.905 dairy. and 78.848 calves. compared with 69.728 beef cattle, 10,779 dairy. and 44.441 calves in the same period lust year. Total eimorts of beef cattle from October 1st to Novem-i ber 23. under the fourth quarterly quota. amounted to 3323’! head.

$11. w ile Montreal was steady to film with good veals at $10 to $10.50. and with one individual reaching $11. In western Canada. markets as a rule were stronger than last week and Winnipeg hfld g top price of $9.50, under a good demand. Cal any $7. Edmonton $8. Prince Albar $6.75. Moose Jaw $7. Saskatoon and Refine. $13-50 8M1 Vancouver $6.

Hog Prlccs Mostly Steady

price at Toronto. hog markets were unchanged from last week. Baicons closed at Toronto at $8.75 off trucks alive. and $11.35 to $12 dressed. Montreal continued at $9 fed and watered. while Winnipeg miained at $8.25 f. 6t w.. Calggry $8, Edmonton $8.05. Prince A1 rt and Saskatoon $7.85.