Che Guardian

Covers Prince tdward tsiang Like fhe Dew W. J. Hancox, Publisher

Burton Lewis Frank Walker Executive Editor Editor lished every week day morning (except Sun

days and statutory holidays) at 165 Prince Street, Charictietown, P.E.1. by Thomson Newspapers Ltd. Branch oe at Summerside, Montague, Alber fen and Sour

ee ude by Thomson Newspapers Advertising Services Toronto 425 University Ave Empire 3-8894; Montreal 640 Cathcart Street UNiversity 6-5942; Western office Georgie Street Vancouver (MA 7037).

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monwealth. Not over 7e per single copy. Member Audit Bu cau ol Circulation, ge) PAGE | 6 SATURDAY, APRIL 7, 1962.

Meanwhile At Ottawa...

Now that our local legislators have ceased from their labors, pack- ed up and gone home, what of their counterparts at Ottawa? The Prime Minister keeps dropping hints of an early dissolution, and Mr. Fleming keeps denouncing the Opposition for its “everlasting obstruction and delay” which have held up, among other things, the budget which he has now indicated will be introduced next Tuesday. All the Cabinet meni- bers are agreed that had the Op- position been less inclined to oppose, the House would be much further ahead in its business.

This conveniently ignores the fact that if they were in opposition, they would probably be acting just as the Liberals have been acting in recent weeks. It is the very tactic of opposition at which Mr. Fleming, particularly, was most skilled when he sat on the other side.

Some newspapers friendly to the government have called for an end to this “useless” Parliament. But government strategists cannot lose sight of the fact that this is a Par- liament in which the Progressive Conservatives have the biggest ma- jority ever enjoyed by any political party in Canada’s history. To call such a Parliament useless is to risk

condemnation out of their own mouths. There is no denying, at any

rate, that it has degenerated into ene of the worst brawling ses- gions in recent times. As one com- mentator has remarked, ‘all the names have been called, all the in- vective has been brought into play, and the insults and innuendos have become cliches.” The patience of the taxpayers, if not of the politic- fans, is being sorely tried. The ultimate irony would be if, when the formal campaign at last starts, all the voters were bored stiff. The sooner Mr. Diefenbaker puts an end to this farce the better. From all the signs, it won’t be long now. But we were saying that a month ago, and we have sworn off making more prognostications. All that we can assert with confidence fa that this cat-and-mouse game doesn’t seem to be getting any party anywhere. It is lowering the dignity of Parliament, and that is something about which all concern- ed have a right to feel much more perturbed than they appear to be.

U.N. Climate Warms

Those who have the interests of the United Nations at heart will welcome the news that more than 20 eountries—Canada included— have agreed to put their money on

' the line in the purchase of U.N. bonds. The whole issue of $200,000,- 000 may not be sold, but acting Secretary-General U Thant has mn- til the end of this year to accept more pledges and all next year to take the money and hand over. the bonds. The bond issue will bear 2 per cent interest a year, mature in 25 years, and be repaid out of the regular U.N. budget, which all mem-

_ bers support.

With present pledges, the U.N.

_ €an count on selling a total of about

- $125,000,000 to governments. After that, it will be authorized to offer them to nongovernmental organiza- tions, such as foundations. United

_ States policy, as recommended by a Senate committee, will be to buy

' $25,000,000 outright and then match other countries’ purchases

$75,000,000.

What of the Soviet Union and _ tts Communist allies? They're - against the whole deal. Indeed, the

1030 West |

weovietss Rave wireatened te hold back the part of their budget as- sessment that would go to pay off the bonds. How far they will go on this line remains to be seen. Cuba, Belgium, and France voted with the Soviet bloc against the bonds pro- ject. The vote in the General As- sembly was 58-13, with 33 countries abstaining or absent. Since then, twenty-two countries have stated their intentions of buying more than $150,000,000 worth of bonds, in some cases subject to legislative ap- proval,

This is something of a victory for Mr. Thant, who suggested the bond issue because less than a third of the members were paying 48- sessments for the U.N. special for- ces in the Congo and in the Middle East. Sixty-nine nations are in de- fault for one or the other, or both.

Mr. Thant’s term runs out in April 1963. Next fall he will be up for election as secretary-general; and the more backing he has, the more likely the Soviets are to with- hold their veto and let him start a full five-year term. They may veto him if they want a three-member secretariat, as they say; but there is growing doubt that they will.

The Soviets, indeed, are going through much the same experience they had a year ago when they sought to oust the late Dag Ham- marskjold as _ secretary-general. Only Cuba, Guinea, and Mali joined the Soviet bloc in boycotting Mr. Hammarskjold. All the rest of the United Nations, in one degree or another, backed him. It would have a stabilizing effect if his successor could achieve a comparable vote of confidence.

Mr. P. Swears Off

One of the rare occasions on which Mr. Pickersgill found him- self in eager agreement with Prime Minister Diefenbaker was in the recent discussion to abolish Closure as a means of shutting off debate in the House of Commons. Writing in the Ottawa Journal, Mr. Norman Smith takes an amusing view of this change in Liberal attitude as voiced by the member for Bonavista- Twillingate, comparing his remarks to those of a reformed drink- er who “doesn’t want the stuff left in his house even for emergency} he can’t trust himself.”

Mr. Diefenbaker had moved that a House committee “consider” dropping Closure. No, no, cried Mr. Pickersgill, let’s not talk about it, let’s drop it now. “TI believe,” he said, “that no government in its senses would ever again use the existing Closure rule in our book.”

Rushing in to pronounce Closure one of the seven deadly sins may indeed have been prompted by Mr. Pickersgill’s recollection of the fam- ous Pipeline Debate of 1956, when the Liberal government distorted the Closure rule beyond recognition, persuaded the Speaker to be an ac- complice, and then outraged Parlia- ment by summoning its majority of votes to decide time and again that what was being done was by the will of the people. Dr. Eugene Forsey, now a member of the Board of Broadcast Governors and a consid- erable authority on constitutional matters, wrote one year after the heat of the Pipeline Debate that the Closure rule “had been prostitut- ed and a dozen other rules flagrant- ly broken.” Yet, he said, the Bill could have been got through by Closure quite legally and in time for the government’s program.

It is the abuse, not the use, of parliamentary rules that brings upon them public odium; and this, plainly, is what happened to the Closure rule under the St. Laurent government, of which Mr. Pickers- gill was a member. But, as the Ottawa Journal scribe quips, Mr. P. “could not be sure that if the Liber- als got into power again they might not again yield to temptation. It is an awful thing to see a person have to acknowledge that in a given set of circumstances he might go out of his senses, specially when that knowledge is based on past experi- ence. No, no, a thousand times no, ery the Liberals; take the stuff away !”

EDITORIAL NOTE

We were fortunate in escaping worse flood losses than we actually experienced last weekend. Highways Minister Matheson says the damage to roads and bridges may reach $300,000. Mayor Campbell of Sack- ville has given $1,000,000 as a pos- sible figure for his town of 3,000.

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CRACKING THE WHIP

aii i] a Hip,

!

LAST LAP IN UGANDA Stormy Ride Into Independence

y Colin Legum

United Kingdom Information Service

Uganda faces a number of

perplexing questions which will have to be dealt with before the country can seule down to weld its numerous tribal states into a single nation, and to acceler- ate the productive growth of oe or eco:

Although ft has a relatively small area and dense popula-

PUBLIC

FORUM

A FRIENDLY GOODBYE

Sir,—Through the courtesy of this column which will be read as I am enroute returning to my native Scotland, I wish to say fond and friendly ‘‘goodybye’’ to | the many firends I have made! during the past ten years I have resided on P.E.1.

Although I have not made fin- ancial riches, I have made rich | friendships that will always pro- | vide happy memories.

Whenever I think of Canada, | Summerside and Charlottetown will come first to my mind, and I shall have a feeling of good | will always for Canada, and all my friends in Prince Edward Island.

The best of luck, happiness and success to you a

la Sir DOUG MITCHELL,

|

MISSING CANNON

Sir,— In your issue of 4th inst. an Inquirer seeks information regarding a cannon which has ea from Victoria Park.

The late W.F.P. Bradley in an | widening article in The Pat- riot of 29th March, 1938, states | “the cannon was the point to | which the needle would point, if a true compass was placed on | the angle stone in the year 1820.” Mr. Bradley also states that both stones and cannon were placed in position in 1820.

Who removed the cannon is more or less conjecture, but the story is that a youth thought he had made a discovery in the cannon, and decided as he want- ed cash to dig the cannon up and sell it to a junk dealer. If this is correct the enterprising youth was lucky if he did not find himself involved with the law for removing without permission Government property.

In time the cannon ant re- turned by some one to the Park,

and instead of aaa t in the }

ground as it had been for nearly 140 years, some authority it is presumed to have a

carriage made for the cannon

on which it was mounted placed it on a concrete platform, This was not only a useless ex- not

pense as the cannon could

be used for the purpose it was intended for, but in addition it was a danger to the many chil- laying on it, as it could

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“legal liquor’. purchased and sold out during holidays, Sundays and closed hours at double price. The RCMP officers have no grounds on which to seize these stores (and in order to catch ‘‘a sale’ they would have to be on 24 hour duty) because it is legal to have any quantity ‘‘at home’’. By the.

We read also about the “Elite Potato Farm’’, planned by the Minister of Agriculture for growing of se potatoes.

We are inclined to agree with the | farmers from Kensington who |

said “Let the government keep out of the potato business” (as far as growing or ‘subsidizing goes) It does not say much for the farmers if those ‘Elite Seed’’ are down graded each year until they become “‘certi- fied’’ only. The decision to in- spect plots as small as % acre is not enough. Inspect every top grown on the farm; Small garden plots stored in the cellar with seed can do much harm and are more likely to do so be- cause there are many varieties susceptible to disease but early maturing and these are used in gardens.

We farmers can produce plenty clean seed and good table potatoes but we have to get at least one dollar per 75 lb. bag to get ty (Ottawa's 69 cents

per 75 lb. bag suggestion is no eee). As for restiricted acreage —the farmers do not need to be restricted but those gentlemen who use potato growing as a

i or ‘hobby’ should get out of it and leave tt to the

‘armers.

One last thought — Premier Shaw says: (statement read in your paper awhile back) “It is likely that the same system of t ail in this ince this summer as last

itor — Did that man say “system”? Well, he and Webs- ter “‘surely disagree.’’ Did you read “A Matter of Time” by cen Lane published in the

Herald 14, 1961 If you did that he (Premier Shaw) and the mem- bers of the women’s Institute disagree also.

resolved government

psa genn that w

Quantities are ae

tion Uganda is the richest of the three East African terri- tories which, if plans announc- ed at a recent conference of African leaders at Addis Ababa mature, will form the nucleus great new East African Federation after they have all achieved independence. Even so, with its dependence on vof- pe and cotton crops, fetching ow prices in the world market ial now, it has serious econo- mic problems. It has almost the same nu- merical population as Kenya, just over 6.5 million people, but

| considerably fewer than Tan-

ganyika’s nine millions, Com- pletely landlocked, Uganda de- pends entirely for its com- munications on its neighbours.

INTERNAL PROBLEMS

Before Uganda can be ex- pected to gain such a federa- tion, its leaders will first have to settle their own internal dif- ficulties.

The most awkward of these is the relationship between (he four kingdoms — Buganda, An- kole, Toro and Bunyoro — to each other and to the rest of the country.

So far, only Buganda’s posit- ion has been clarified. It will maintain a federal relationsnip with the Central Government leaving considerable local pow- ers in the hands of the Kabaka (the King) of Buganda, and his Lukiko (the traditional parlia- ment).

Demands for similar relation- ships have been put forward by the three other Kingdoms these are now being discussed.

A second difficulty arises from dispute between the eae of Buganda and Bun-

over their respective sieiais to control seven counties

e of which at Ce belong- ed to Bunyoro, but which were pat in “Bugande 's boundar- ies 60 years ago

The third major problem

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Medical Expert Traps Murderers

due to a heart attack, a stroke, or too many sleeping pills?” This is not too difficult when the physician has known the de-

ceased and treated him. But an er is necessary to make

ou that the heart is seanenanae when trouble along this line has existed. same applies to sent the man or woman has

eived treatment for condi- ream that usually lead to this complication. The majority of those dying from sleeping pills are depressed or riddled with emotional problems. The cause is suspected when a suicide note or an empty bottle once filled with these pills is noted.

The law enters the picture when a person is found dead, particularly when he aas not been under medical care for at least 30 days. It is important to know whether ne died of natural causes, by his own hand, or was murdered. The coroner or his forensic pathoiogist must deter- mine the answer.

Most persons are unfamiliar with the patt forensic medicine plays in everyday life. It is rea- sonable to assume that thous-

of murderers escape detec- tion and go scot free every ycar because their victims were thought to have died of natural causes,

Evety physician has received a frantic call from a man or wo- man saying the husband, wife, landlord, or a friend is very ill or dying. Or an individual may have been found dead in bed and the only witness may tell a log- ical story of che victim having suffered from heart disease, chest pain, or dizzy spe'!..

It is here that a good medical expert may trap the murderei by ferreting out evidence of guilt. Persons wrongfully accus- ed of crime also are protected when scientific evidence as to the exact cause of death is un- covered by our medicolegal au- thorities.

(Dr, Van Dellen will answer questions on medical topics if stamped, self-addressed enve- lope accompanies request.)

AND STERILITY

Mrs, S. writes: I have been told that if a child sleeps in a room where TV is on eerene except during the night, won't be able to have shia when she grows up. Is_ this true?

REPLY

No, even though TV sets emit small amounts of gamma rays. This background radiation is much less than we get from rocks and soil in many parts of the country. Besides, sterility is not the current worry about ra- diation; it is the possibility that the rays might alter the genes in the sex cells. Meanwhile, mi- nimize exposure by having the child's bed placed away from the set.

SECOND CHILDHOOD M. F. writes: How does a se- nile person act? REP

In addition to the physical in- firmities of age, mental deteriu- ration may occur, The behavior varies according to the person- ality of the oldster. Some get cranky and suspicious of every- one; others neglect their Borne al appearance, The ajority have loss of memory ter ‘taent events. Send a stamped, self-ad- dressed envelope for leaflet on senilit

X-RAY AND STONES

C. B. writes: Would a barium enema show stones in the kid- neys?

REPLY No, and it might even obscure the kidney shadow. On the other hand, the stones might be seen on the same X-ray film or while looking through the fluoroscope.

OUR YESTERDAYS

From the Guardian Files on -FIVE YEARS AGO

Association, was held last in the Odd Fellows Hall. Chap- erones were Mrs. Frank Mac-

regular monthi: a

the Ladies Auxiliary BESL. was held in

M4 The chief

F. B. Conrad, representing the Provincial Command Geo.

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Speaking You Mysett

Does Island ‘Retreat Into Past’?

When reference was made in the legislature on Thursday to the = in oh cee

ete de and Charlottetown, a

new reminder was offer-

ed that the development of

government in this province

at been ‘largely an accident history”.

The point should have been fresh in memory, too, for those exact words were used just a week earlier, in a dif- ferent but related connection, in the report by the Royal Commission on Electoral Re- forms.

Always, in this province, the blame or credit is given to — to the way arrangements ped to face special situations in the past— when- ever the non-<democratic na- ture of various political pro- cedures here arise for discus- sion.

AH, HISTORY!

In the case of the school boards, for instance, it is like- ly that Summerside and Char- lottetown are the only com- munities of their size in Can- ada where such bodies are entirely appointive, without

y elected members far as that goes, they're even alone on the Island in this particular.

But — ah, history! — the arrangement has _ prevailed since 1877. Also, and probably quite correctly, Provincial Secretary J. David Stewart has advanced the opinion that the present system appears to be generally accepted in Charlottetown.

So it strikes me as being a safe bet that the system will continue — that public discus- sion of it will abate before long — that many years will pass before serious official consideration will be given to the question of whether the system is right, and whether it is democratic.

EXPEDIENCY WINS

It appears expedient, {t can and often does work well, an a ae in with history, so why

—— worry about any ne details.

Oh, I suppose a certain amount of shouting will con- tinue at Summerside. A point of controversy periodically comes out in the open there, arising out of religious divis- ions, so it is hard to guess when the scrapping about it he become controlled or sub- side.

Still, it is my notion that “history’’ will prevail even there — that attention will centre for a long time on ef- forts to ‘arrange’ a settle- ment of that scrap, preferably behind closed doors, before there'll be any serious ap- proach to the possibility of a change in procedures.

SOMETHING TO AVOID

And that may be all to the good, if the chief concern is “arranging” to cope with a “special situation’’, as has been the Island custom. Per- haps there is no other way of avoiding having religious di-' visions made a decisive issue on the hustings. which, to me,

Complete Farm Tire

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would be a shocking, hateful development.

But these expedients don't fit in at all with the idea of ’ up our democracy.”

So far as that goes, neither does the explanation of the Electoral Reform Commiss'on of why it favors continuation of the property vote in provin. cial elections. As an inditation of what I mean, here is a pas. sage from the commission's report in which I have em. — a few of its words:

purpose of seeing ertied interests which ha

ar. range balanced contests with candidates from _ different areas, religions and occupa- tions, All these arrangements were the result of extremely bitter turmoil which charac- terized Island politics from 1773 to 1893. . .””

DUBIOUS ARGUMENTS

In other words, “arrange ments”’ were considered sup- erior to ‘open democracy” in terms of conditions existing in 1893, And the idea that the property vote offers a handy

“arrangement” for continuing the legislature as a 30-mem-

r chamber seems to be the chief argument in favor of it today.

Even ree agreeing there is a need for a 30 - member house, asd ithat there are problems in naming them in a province of small population, I still find 2 hard to accept this argum

In ce ae Place on earth where the property vote continues, its obvious (if veil- ed) purpose is to keep power from the “common people” or the ‘‘native people’ — scarce- ly an argument which would find much favor on the Island today.

TOO MUCH REVERENCE

Mind you, even while saying these things critically, it re mains my thought that the Is. land enjoys a healthy brand of democracy despite the fact that it tolerates some aston- ishingly non - democratic pro- cedures. I’m not. even an ad- vocate 7 hasty or, sweeping change

But T ‘do think it is danger ous to show too much rever- ence for a method of naming school boards, just because it has existed since 1877; or method of picking certain leg- islative members dating back to 1893, for the same reason.

The need in this province, I believe, is to look increasing- ly to the past as something to build upon; not something to escape into.

The perpetuation of proce- dures because ‘we've always done things this way’’, without giving fairminded thought to alternatives, as modernity or in use elsewhere, amounts to retreating into his-

tory, even into “accidents of ort instead of building upon

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COFFEE BREAK

By Ralph Cameron