i.

GIIIILOTTETUWII lllllllll

Morning Dally rl-‘ounded in illl Alfiorlaed as Second (‘lass Mali. Poet Ofliee Department. Ottawa.

Peaaident. Ian \ liui-ni-tt; Ylco-Preaident. Wm. l. Ilrneti; Sersu-Treai», (i. M. Burnett; Editor and Imaging Director, J. R. Burnett; ' Frank Walker.

like Strongest Merriory is Weaker Than lhe Weakest Ink."

s

TIIIRSDAY. JUNE 1",. 1N7

P. W.’ G. g Exercises

Torlriyl ii‘llliil‘lllililf‘lll\ excuses at Prince of Wales College are of more than ordinary

interest, in view of the fcrct, that the clases are '1

the largest in the history of this time-honored institution. This is an index of the increasing importance attached to higher education in the Province, a trend which is evident in all the Provinces and is one of the most significant signs of the times. Congratulations are due not only

graduating students but to all who did

the their

to

AIOCIMQ Editor. |

, than roux g l otal fornr expenses averaged $3.0M per

fariri. Livestock purchases totalled Sigh and cash operating expenses $2.08. Of the cash err- ipensss the highest items were paid labour $486. fertiliser S410, feed and concentrates $395 which accounted for 22.7 per C¢li,'l9.2 per cent and 10.5 per cent respectively of the cash ex- penses. The value of unpaid labour averaged $428 and the nej depreciabon on buildings and

{equipment S359.

V The difference between total larin revenue arid total farm expenses gives the farm income

lwhich average.‘ S987 per farm. The operator's labour income averaged $5_l1. Of the 180 farm operators 59 had a minus labour income; 73 had a labour income ranging from one dollar to $1,-

|000; 32 from $1,000 to $2,000 and 16 from l$2,000 to $6,000.

‘ The value of farm products used on the farm averaged $409 and the use of dwelling was esti- mated at $178 making a total value of $587 for

rwhat is usually called farm perquisites.

There were wide variations in the operator's abour earnings and the average for all farms was $1,158. Twenty-three of the 180 farm op- erators had minus labour earnings and on the year's operations were in debt to an amount ranging from a few dollars to $1,248. Sixty- four farmers had labour earnings ranging from one dollar to $1,000; 59 from $1,000 to $2,000

best during the term and thereby profited edu- "Ml 34 lllll" $21900 l'° $6596-

catianally. It needs always to be emphasized that the most important thing a student can acquire is neither academic nor scientific train- ing in itself, but the capacity for hard work, con- CEHHOHGW airil clear thinking. That is the basis of all education, and must constantly be kept in sight. _

In the preface to "The Humanities in Can- ada," by Watson Kirkconnell and A. S. P. Wood- house, a volurrie recently issued by the Human- ities Research Council of Canada, wefind em- phasized this point, which is worth noting:

"ln liberal education, the major focus rs intell- actual: the data of ethics and politics, of art. and letters, of religion itself, which are certainly grounded in experiences that are more than, or other than, purley intellectual, are made lhe subject of rational formulation and enquiry. And the result it twofold; an increased insight Info the nature and importance of these experiences and a training of the mind in the more highly sensitive creativity and in more sustained, precise and effective thrrrklirg. This is a peculiar con- tribulion of liberal education ta the larger educ- ational process, rind IS a peculiar fllflflllo" °l school and uniiscrsilti. lfl lhf-‘IYI. around the nucleus of rnlcllectual interest and activity, all sorts of otlicr beneficial interests and activities. athletic, social, esthctic and religious, may be grguped,‘ but the distinguishing mark of the in- stitufion of looming, especially the institution of highcr learning, the characteristic whose absence would bereave it of its identity, is the ElleClIt/E intellectual focus."

The writcrs go on to point out that today the

Labour has been shown to be the highest single item of current expense chargeable to the farms. Where labour was not efficiently used in productive work a nct loss was horne by the farms for the year's operations.

A comparison of farms on the basis of yields as measured by crop index was made. The labour income increased with increased yields per acre. High yields per acre increased the cash returns arid at the some time reduced the cost per acre of cultivation of the crop, labour and fer- tilizer, and any other expenses chargeable to crops.

To further determine some of the factors influencing labour income, the farms were sort- ed on the basis of crop index as related to size of business. This sorting showed that regardless of size of business, the yield per acre was a direct influence and high yields resulted in hlgher labour incomes, and low yields, in each of the size groups, resulted in a let loss All labour in- come. _

"From these various measures of labour in- come by size of business," says the report, "the figures obtained show that the optimum condi- tion for obtaining high labour income are a mod- erately large business, maximum utilization of lcbour per man, maximum time spent per acre and high yields per acre."

— EUIIURIAL NUHIS i-

The lslandi has really entered the air age when a farmer constructs his own private flying field.

s. e r is

replacement al- ignorance and brutality by know- redgp, lyfllglil’, lflSlC‘ and moral purpose is an international as well as a national task. The world has become small and explosive. Humanly speaking, it is only education that can save us from disaster, arid a firm grasp on what constit- ules the princlplrz of l-iighcr education, as dis- tinguishcd from 1110M‘ technical Pmllclfilcli ‘"15 never more ncccz-sciry on the part both 0f teachers and p'.lpil=.

Farm Survey

"Farm iiiairigciiient study of Prince Edward Island patzto lorrns" is the subject of an im- porfant article in tlieycurrent issue of The Eco- nomic Anna sf. The article is by Messrs. P. l. Gilhooly aiil Gvssclin, and summarises the results of a survey made during the summer of 1946 by tire economics division of the marketing service, Dcriiiriion Department of Agriculture. The Prince Erlwarrl island Department of Agri- culture cooperated in the field work. A repre- sentative turiplc nl potato farms was taken in each crf the ccmmtrciul production areas of the Province, rcccrds being taken only from farms having at least four acrcs in potatoes.

For analysis, the 180 farm records used were divided info four groups according to acreage in potatoes. There were 26 farms with less than éyacrcs, 86 with 6 to l0 acres, 38 with 11 to l5 acres and 30 with more than 1S acres in potatocs.

Form li"l,‘l"llf.f".i fallovied on the lsland for growing potatoes uiare found to be standardized as to crop rotations, spray material used com- mercial fertilizers applied and potato v rieties grown. There were 136 potato growers who pro- duced certified seed only, 33 table stock only, and l1 produccd both certified seed and table stock. The data collected were for the crop year 1945-45.

ln the study, records were taken only from farms having at least four acres in potatoes and tho-resulted in the average acreage for potatoes per farm being higher than the census figure. The average size of farm was higher as no rec- ords were taken from small farm holdings of 50 acres or less. There was a slightly higher per- centage of improved land in field crops for the farms studied than is the case for'all farms on the Island.

The average value of farm buildings was $3,347 arid of land $3,010, making a total real estate value_af $6,357. The average value of livestock per farm was $1,988, of farm equip- ment $l,991 and of feed and supplies $35. The total form capital averaged $10,381 per farm on the 180 forms.

The total form revenue averaged $4.068 per farrn, of which 53 per cent came from the sales of crops and amounted to $2,l59 per farm. Of this, 50.3 per cent came from potatoes. The sales of livestock and livestock products plus the net increase in the livestock inventory amount- ed to $1,764 per farm and accounted for 43.4 per cent of the average farm revenue.

The increase in inventory for feed and sup- plies averaged $9 per farm and accounted for only 0.3 per cent of the total farm revenue. Miscellaneous farm‘ revenue, which included work off the farms, trucking and sales of lum- bar and wood amounted to $136 per form and acetate! fer 5.3 n: eons of rlis larsi rsvsiiue.

Rationing is ended, with few exceptions, but we still live in a world of scarcity. lt is up to every citizen to conserve vital foodstuffs so that all may have o share.

I‘ W i i

The forgotten mri-rT-tiirliry is the rural mail carrier. Like the Nova Scatian fisherman work- ing on a "lay" basis he is regarded as an in- dependent contractor and therefore not en- titled to a living wage.

I i

M. P/s at Ottawa can hustle all righl when they so desire, as was evidenced when a visit from President Truman was anticipated. Per- haps a spell of torrid weather might make them hurry to get away from Ottawa.

t r . ..

lt is not the scarcity of sugar altogether that keeps rationing active, it is its distribu- tion. Shipping is still at a discount, as wall as the exchange with foreign countries. i i I Ir R

Rt. Hon. Robert Anthony Eden, M.l’., M.C., D.C..L., LL.D., British statesman, horn this date 1397; has been in politics a long time, and held responsible positions in various cabinets, includ- ing Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, which he resigned to conduct diplomatic missions to Moscow, Warsaw and Prague in view of Rus- sia's aggression in that direction; is chairman of the Conservative Foreign Affairs Committee.

"k i i it

A survey of Z68 doctors in 41 cities across the country made by the Ross-Federal Research Corporation discloses that three doctors in five believe that going hatless may contribute to colds and heat prostration among men. Two doctors in three say baldness results not from hats but from other causes, mainly hereditary tendencies. Baldness the doctors said, is likely to arise from a number of causes that have nothing to do with riots. Of those surveyed, 51 per cent mentioned hereditary tendencies and 12 per cent blamed diseases. Other cquses mentioned were glandu- lar conditions, dandruff, nutritional deficiency, unclean scalp, mental strain, and organic dis-

turbances. I‘ I V!

Two hundred and thirteen members of Canada's famed "Mounties" traded scarlet pol- ice tunics for drab Army battle dress during World War ll, the R. C. M. P. Quarterly has revealed in the concluding installment of a two- part history of No. 1 Provost Company (R. C. M. P.), which appears in the current issue of the magazine. The story, written for the Quarterly by Assistant Commissioner L. H. Nich- olson, comprises two informative articles. The first tells of the formation of the Company and describes "its arrival in England, and its od- ventures and duties up to the time of its em- burkqtion for European battle grounds." The second "recounts their experiences from the opening of the Sicilian campaign up to Germ- any's uncondifional surrender " and in- cludes some interesting stwtistics on the war- time role of the force. Sixty policemen won commissions and o total cf 31 earned decora- tions. S-zven were killed l.‘l action, two died of wounds, two were killed an aztive service and 13 were wounded. Only one iriembsr of the Royal

letes ly the Isy

but io a use tllflb, the Uta-t- hem News hotel. the most useless tiling in ibe world 1| g mm as l‘ll\ rWft wedding, ' 1g 3n‘; “m” llrrit lrnil; snriivone bu; la rako rue ring from rho hest man and nut. it or. the bride's finger. And the bridegroom is very useful an". wards, when bills come in, or when such mines as furnsce-tendlnl. wmuig. polishing and flags-rut- iiii: crop up. -Krngstrn Whig- standard,

Al long laoi. 1t. large of cars" is i-cvocnizea to be a pub- l" ll"l"'l‘»l\""- Th!‘ Mlle Senate tins

l llu‘ Hirlrsr <‘"lil'tlI‘5 we shall have a "var. rrlliiffil" law on ibe statute hooks, destined to protect insect- earing bPFdS. Rats and mice 5p- ucar la get in free. Senator Wil- liam Knox says that, 3]] i119 1,11] trees is to ask lhe owners of r315 to rontrol them. Bur. controls lead to black markeLs. and vie will lmfiu’ Whit fa do if l. black market cat crosses ln front. of us. -Chlcago Dally News, "l" 53h"- Zlnvear-olrl bookstore lilfrli- “Ill ICUPIH‘ lhe silent bless- ings of millions for his refusal to niake a spectacle out of h]; mgf. "B89 to a girl ivho arrived recent- l_\' from Berlin. He mar-lo headlines “lWu 110W! nf his Tfllliflhff‘ was crvcii prihlicity- and hi- was nits. taken for the son of the former" Millicent Rogers. He was offered in Opportunity to get married on a i-arllo program. but turned that. flown. and with 1t is deluge of l-‘llht- Itreferring to have the cere- mony witnessed only by a foiv close family friends. And because they have shown that, they believe in the sanctity of marriage, they ore at least starting out right. —Bo.son Post.

We, don't. want. to discourage the Father's Day movement so early in its revival. There are many r5;- 80115 Why father. with all his fault: and foibles, deserves a little spec- lal recognition. But we tend to view if cautiously, wéighinr: each HJIIZlB and possibility lo make sure that its disadvantages wouldn't "UlWPlBh its advantages. We would like to make one suggestion that mlzhf but the nuns in a better light. \\'li_v rrat move the obser- vance forward from Sunday to Sallllflli)’, and make ‘its celebration a night. out with the boys. and no questions asked? - Cornwall stan- dard-Freeholder. -

In is Toronto court, n. thirteen- year-old lad giving evidence rop- plnd over ln the ivifness box after being an the stand for an hour. Why shc-uld witnesses have to be in a. "box?“ Why should they have tri stand? The custom ls as out- nf-rlale as the unhyizienic lclsslnl: of rs court Bible. A witness stand provided \\’lll1 a comfortable chair would not. detract from_the dig- niiy of Ontario courts nor lessen the value of the evidence given. On flig gi_:_r_ili"ar_v, it would hgljsgrglj. vrilfltiflfiwil" their ease. ancf"er'r-"

able them ii-r give their lull at; tention tn the questions asked them. -Toirontn Burr.

We should like to make g plea. for s, 1710f‘? discriminating use of the ward “home", which is ram- riiaiilr used nowadays as a genteel svnoiifvm for "house." How often we read that "new homes are being built." in surh-rsnd-sueh a place, when we know very well that. iHIUSPS are being built. which will not heroine homes until people live in lliem and make homes of them. A “lia-use" ls a dwelling, which may he empty or occupied, happy or unhappy ln its atmosphere —a. structure nf brick and wood. But n “l-irimc“ is n. place where some- hnrl)‘ lives in a special way - a plrir-e of complex‘ associations. Our plea for the careful use of “home" is not mere pernlckeiiness. "Home" ls a, worrl which has no equivalent: 1n a number of languages - French. for instance. Ii. is ii word with a special flavor, and o, word that we have learned to honor. Let us not cbeapen ‘it, by pretend- ing that any new of" vacant. house is a "homefl- Peter-borough Exam- iner.

What has Henry Ford left. be- lIIllCl liini? A urea! industry of which lie was the pacemaker. A lyr-arlrrrrtlon technique which has put more mar-blues at. the disposal of Man than ever before. A tra- rlitinir nf high wages for good work. Through all these things n. rcvc-lrrlion of lhe worlds social liabils. A wider, more varied life far millions in town and country. Far these services lhfl world re- ivarded lilm. 1's iii fair that one man should be nhlo to amass s o much ma-liey in his lifetime? Cor- lainly, if lie can provide such yalue for money as Henry Ford did. - Dally Express iLandon).

If wi- an» tn have an effective iilplomatli- corps. we must. choose the diplomats with a view to their effectiveness, not with a view to lhe size of their bank accounts. Having (‘hOSPIl them an this basis. we are not justified ln hamperlnrr and embarrassing them Yn their work by misting them in the role of diplomatic poor relations. A tradition of Republican simplicity on the part of our diplomatic corps would be appropriate, and would surely make a hotter name for our represerifailvvs than lavish osten- lailon. But oven simplicity, in the ‘inisy social life of diplomats comes ulgri. - Baltimore Sun.

The Tcrriirfa Globe and Mail ply! a fliie nnd deserved tribute to Miss Elizabeth snullle. gone into richly earned retirement. Miss smellie. ns we have previously said has been more than a great nurse and great public servant. she has been -and ls~a great Canadian viaman; one whose devotion, pat- rlotlsm and personal charm ha!

Canadian Mounted Felice was

made her, for ua hero in Ottawa, something at an Institution. -Q\- tavia Jeiiraal.

‘" "Primil lo" ri \'l'.\lP pr 2s in ii. i, w. ' \| IFS.

l reply.

HIE CIMIIDTTETOWN GUARD AN

v PUBLIC FORUM

by eeeew- Qaadeata of eaaatiessa el, tataeeat- The Clarlettetewn Gnu-eta dosa not aeoamr- Iy eaderee the opinion oi repeal

e00 III. INDIPINDENT RADIO STATIONS

Sir-We have read with amaze- merii ibe editorial-page amide by the well-known CBC commen- rator, Mr. George V. Ferguson, published by you. The article casts reflection upon ibe independent radio broadcasters and lhrii-r act- "Vhfic cull .frir a public

We do not understand Mr. Fer- guson's repeated references to a “radio labby"—e. vague term sug- Sesfing improper activity. Our ap- pearances before the Parliament- ary Radio Committee have been la give reports and make _sugges- icons that are is matter of public record. It. 1s altogether" proper. even deslrable_ for a group of citizens to appear publicly before their elected rcpreselnafivcs; to make suggestions and discuss problems iitally affecting their livelihood and the service given by them to the public. That is not. a "lobby"! 2111s association never has conduelcrl and does not con- dur-t any activity that, could be termed a "lobby". ' Mr. Ferzusorvs- articles built. up flvs major impressions unfav- ourable to independent radio stations:

l. That the independent srtalans are more subject to American ln- iluence than the sovernnrenl‘: CBC stations,

2. That the independent. stations provide insufficient public service. 3. That the independent stir-- lions concentrate on serving the densely populated. rather than lhe outlying areas.

4. That. there ls some hidden motive in our request for an 1n- dependent regulatory body.

5. That the independent stations have attacked 0130's revenues aiirl existence; looked to its elimin- ation; and in that. case ccrultl not. provide an alternative serwir. These inferences are not jiztl- fled.

As Mr. Ferguson himself says: "The CBC. . . Jias brought tn the Canadian network riiast. of the leading commercial programs from the United Stalesfl.

As Mr. Ferguson points out, it ll the CBC ivhi-ch brings into Can- ada United States programs, and feeds them regularly to about 50 independent broadcasting stations in addition to its own ten. Only four independent stations bring tn and broadcast United States pro-- grams (CKAC and CFCF‘, Mont- real; CFRB, Toronto, and CKLW, Windsor).

A frlfla surprising ls fashion in which Mr. Ferguson dismisses the voluminous report on public service given last year's

the alry

i-Itadio -C0'l't‘lm‘ll.i¢g__l)y the Jndepen-a peat stations. This appears in 1946»

Parliamentary Radio "Committee Proceedings iofficlal version) no. 7, pages 2T3 to 301. The report. crammed with excellent. examples. took half s. day to present. and evgn then there was not. enough time to include very many note- worthy public service operations. Mr, Ferguson ignores completely references to aptitude tests de- veloped and adopted by Indepen- dent radio to assist rapid develop- ment of personnell efficiency-l field in which independent radio baa taken a definite lead in Can- ada. Ignored foo are welfare plans; tho riscovery, first em- ployment. and development of radio personnel, including the great. majority at announcers, technicians, entertainers mirl ari- mlrllstrairrrs now employed by the CBC. Ignored are lob-development. and training plans; special child- ren's educational features and hundreds of other examples of intelligent. financially unreward- ing services which require much time and great effort. The brief ls a matter of public record.

Mr. Ferguson points out many public service broadcasts could not be omitted by independent broadcasters vvllborir incurring ill-will. ‘This is Ilia mast eloquent testimony of the standard of pub‘- llc service established by the tn- deperident broadcasters. We are proud of n. record which sbaivs that our operations have led ibe public to expect from us a high standard of public service. Ml’. Ferguson praises the broad- casts. "Report from Parliament Hill." as a "good and imaginative piece of public service" by the lir- dopendent, stations. He proceeds lo suggest that "it makes the members most friendly to private radio which gives. them this ser- vi-ce." The service gives members of Parliament, members of all political parties, an opportunity to report regularly to their con- slltuenbs. We do not believe ihla service would influence any mem- ber of Parliament in the per- formance of his duties.

The charge that lhe independent stations concentrate upon the densely-populated areas and that much of tho energy and funds of the CBC are spent. trying tapro- vlde for needs of outlying districts, ls the exact reverse of the fact. 050k outlets are located in Van- couver, (with some unattended repeater stations In other parts of BC); near Saskatoon; in Ottawa, Toronto, Montreal, Quebec, Chl- couilml and Halifax. It. is the ln- dependent statlon which serves Val D‘or_ Granby. New Carlisle. Amos. Rousrn, Rlvlere-rlu-Imup, Rlmo-uiikl, Stir. Anni- de In Poca- tlere, Timmlvns, North Bay. Kirk- land lake. Bellevllle. Wingham, Orillla. Sfratford, Prince George, Grand Prairie, Medicine Hat. Brldgewster. Antlgonlsh, Camp- bellton, Pembroke. Cornwall, Brockville. Kenoro, Port Frances.