:-'.-- - zlviild-"cfl . i

n

'~ PAGE FOUR

[ITS-ale ffrrw») ', .1

' .

0

‘n "A

,1.

Til". G-GXRDIAN

Ullfllllll "l"! (Founded in 108T». Authorized-as deouad Clan Mail. Poet Office’ Department. Ottawa.

g The ulna Guardian Publishing 0o. Preddeut. lass A. Burnett; VlllO-Plflllldlll, Win. B burners; 5eoy.-'l‘rega.,_(i. M. Burnett; Editor aua Managing Director, J. .11.. ; Aaeoaiase Editor - Freak Walker.

"The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest lnk.“

CHAMLOTTETOWN. MONDAY. Aron. 2o, seas

llotable Anniversary

‘This week, on April 27 and Z8, the fiftieth anniversary meeting of the Victorian Order of Nurses for Canada will take place at Ottawa. This is an important milestone, not only to mem- bers of the Order but to the Canadian public whom it has served so admirably.

Since its foundation in I897 by Lady Aber- deen, the Order has grown to I04 branches spread across Canada from coast to coast. If it were not for the shortage of nurses in recent years, the Order would have expanded even more, and there is no doubt as to its future development on a wider scale.

There is a colorful story behind this fine organization which closely follows the growth and history of Canada itself. The highlights in- clude the trek of Victorian Order Nurses to the Yukon in i898 and their magnificent work dur- lng the Halifax Disaster. But the biggest story still is told in the statistics of visits-nearly one million a year: 40 per cent to maternity patients, 50 per cent for medical and surgical care in the home, and the remainder for health supervision. There isn't anything spectacular about these daily visits ta a home ta instruct a mother in the care of a new baby, or to change a surgical dressing, but they add up to a grand total in community welfare service.

Last year, in anticipation of this annivers- ary, an attractively printed volume was published on the history of the Order, to which reference was made inlthese columns at the time. It need only be added that the objectives in the original Charter still hold good: (a) To establish and maintain visiting nursing service in Canada; (b) to engage and direct the activities of nurses to undertake the care of the sick in their homes, to demonstrate nursing methods, and to aid in _'pre- vention of disease and the maintenance of health; (c) to assist in training nurses in public health nursing; and (d) to assist in establishing and maintaining the highest possible standard of efficiency for all nursing services." In the achievement of this four-point programme the Order has developed into what Prime Minister

King has appropriately called "one of the great notional institutions of Canada."

Sauce For The Gander

An accountant for a Toronto firm who are the auditors of the C. N. R., speaking last week before the House of Commons Committee on Rail- ways and Shipping, emphasized the handicaps under which the C. N. R. operates as compared with the C. P. R. He cited the long Montreal- Holifax run as one that was taken over as "parr of Confederation for national good."‘ This long- er run makes it impossible for the C, N. R. to compete with its rival ”whase lines, quite rightly were constructed considerably shorter for purely economic reasons." The C.N.R., he maintained, "faces the long haul through no fault of its own, and continues as a national service."

ls not this, asks the Halifax Chronicle, pre- cisely what the Maritime Provinces have been u:guing continuously in the face of the recently boosted freight rates? The long haul, for which we are now asked to pay an additional 2i per cent is, admittedly, not economic, yet the whole basis of the increased freight-rates has been im- posed on a purely-economic argument.

"'There must," says‘the Chronicle, "be con- sistency in these things." lf the C.N.R. is unduly handicapped because it is saddled with a lino taken over on national grounds, it is manifestly unfair that such compensation should merely be extracted from the Maritimes and made an addi- tional burden laid upon the back of provincial industry and commerce already sufficiently han- dicapped, as the Dominion Bureau of Statistics only the other day admitted it to be. The further

- this freight-rate enquiry proceeds the more evi- dent it becomes that the recent decision of the Board of Transport Commissioners was arbitrary. ill-considered and unfair.

lleonpioyneet Insurance

The Dominion Government appears to be making a laudable effort tifreduce the adminis- trative costs of the Unemployment Commission. Last fiscal year ending March 3i, i947, the administration casts, according to the public ac- counts, totalled about l3 per cent of all receipts and disbursements dnd were equal -to about 20 "per cent of all__ receipts. This administrative cost does not come out of the fund itself—it is paid by the Government, that is, the “taxpayers.-

Since January l, the total number of em- ployees has.been reduced from about 8,900 to 7M5 at present, representinga saving in salaries of approximately a million dollars a year, Sing;

' tolol administrative-costs in the fiscal‘ year I916- . 47 were $ll,716,llI.06 in the handling of $141,-

066,023.“ outgo and income of the fund, a million dollar cut is relatively small but at least u step toward economy. _

_,A further reduction of expenses is expected to be ‘achieved by the decentralization in the handling of claims for payments of unemploy- eieet insurance. Formerly; these claims were v ’ live nalyofflces o_t Manc-

lu, lnelpeg and Vancouver ' SRPIIQTI ,-_ i lbollshl

mission Is increasing due to two factors—the steep rise in wage levels, and the placement ot immigrants, especially displaced persons. The National Employment Service not only has» to look after getting there work but also keep track of them. .

New amendments to the‘ Unemployment In- surance Act will also establish a higher level bot-l of payments to unemployed as well as contribu- tions by employees, employers and the Govern- ment to the fund.

- EDIIURIAI. NUIES ~-

lt does not seem to matter how you look or

the railway and express rate increases, the Roi‘- ways alwoys come out winner i l‘ i Q

Prince Edward Island's Royal Wedding gift

of furs is on display at the Island Furriers and

should attract a great deal of unusual attention i i i *

A lady from Alberton, Mrs. Pharls, takes the place of the wholesale vendor under the new set-up of the P. E. I. Temperance Act. Pre- sumably the old Vsndgr willibe pensioned off.

There are certain disadvantages in being a veteran politician. Questions about health in- surance and co-operative marketing legisl 'on, both included in the i919 Liberal platform, usl“ have proved embarrassing‘ towMr. King.

Ottawa has installed a traffic light which pedestrians can operate themselves at a point where comparatively few cross a heavy flow of swift-moving traffic. It seems an expensive means of giving pedestrians an absolute right

of way over vehicles. I

I I I

Labour Minister Mitchell's announcement last week that interest rates an government an- nuities would be reduced from four to three per cent calls for more than passing notice. lt would seem to indicate a policy saving money at the expense of the thrifty to provide funds to pay old age pensions to those who may not be.

I I I I

. This is packaging week in the United States. Merchants are supposed to stress packaging in their advertising and promotion. ln this day of vast exchange of goods the problem of proving protective, convenient and attractive containers is of the highest importance.

i * I

Some of the buildings at Britain's Atomic Research Station are to be heated by atomic energy as an experiment. The Director of the Station, Sir John Cockcroft, is arranging for this to be done by using waste heat from the big atomic pile. Heat is generated by the splitting of atoms in this pile and a cooling process is used to transfer this waste heat elsewhere. It will be fed through pipes to the buildings.

Penicillin is being used in Britain to treat cows suffering from bovine mastitis. The results have been excellent,, This was revealediby the Director of one of the Ministry of Agriculture's research stations at a meeting of farmers in London recently. Bovine mastitis is a disease possibly responsible for more loss of milk and milk products than any other.

I i I

Russia is evidently going after bootleggers, and warns that all persons convicted of oking or selling‘ home-mode Vodka would be lia e to o six to seven-year term in a labor camp. Confis- cation of personal property also is provided in a new decree aimed‘. at wiping out bootlegging. Persons who make Vodka for home consumption are liable to a sentence of one to two years, at hard labor, under the terms of the new decree.

d! fi i

Curiously enough the Holy Land has al- ways been a source of trouble to Christian no- tions, and it is so still. The announcement that Canadian arms'and men are being sent to Palestine indicates that the. U. N. has started enforcing its trusteeship in replacement of the British mandate, which closes May I5. Genera‘ MacNaughton recommends this in preference to Australia's demand that partition between Jews and Arabs be enforced.

t I

Exercise "Welcome" was highly successful bath as a tactical exercise and as a demonstra- tion to build up interest in things naval. There is a danger, however, that it might encourage complacency. Those who think our defences are adequate should consider how the exercise would have turned out if the "Nootka" had, been given the choice of Halifax, Saint John, Sydney or Quebec to attack and say a period of a week in which to do it.

s-esrw

Daniel Defoe, author and pamphleteer, died this date i731. In l7l9 he achieved success with Robinson Crusoe, which has since been acclaimed throughout the world as one of the masterpieces of English prose literature. It was founded on the actual experiences of Alexander Selkirk told by himself to Defoe. Other works of high literary quality are Captain Singleton, Moll Flanders, Colonel lack, Rocana, and Journal of the Plague Year—the lost being a masterpiece of realism- and Memoirs of a Cavalier. "ln trouble to be troubled is to have your trouble doubled."

They are thankful for small mercies over- seas, and for this reason Mrs. Britain is glad to hear that her margarine ratlan of four ounces axveekis pretty safe for the future—there's even the chance it may be increased. 'Reason is the United Kingdom Government have a new scheme _for procuring margarine from herringsl The most sensitive palates won't be able to detect ii fishy taste in their margarine, for herring oil is completely tasteless. A test factory, ‘which un- tll recently has been operating on the east coast of England, has lust been transferred to the Shetland Isles. Production of the all ls started on u large scols and lt is hoped to produce l7;- Mlloes of all u‘ r sterling a new Indus

m "Vi"! ‘fllflll . .000 of foreign escbon who . ' v

GUARDlAN.

British Columbia will node and classify its auto courts and tourist. camps for the protection of visi- tors. Hon. Leslie H. Bytes. minister of trade and industry. announces. The initial classification will be on e basis of one, two or three stare

to denote the type of tlon offered. - Herald.

omiriodu -

This looke like e typographical error in The St. Thomas Times- Journol: “It is estimated that these are about. 20,000,000 dogs in the United States and Canada, Ycl: re- forestation is lagging most pit-- lubly." Are the dogs supposed to supply the bark for the new trees? -St. Catharlnes Standard.

Anyone who olsosee to add up the loss of life and properly each year due to the stupid habit of startlngwr quickening fires with coal oll will receive an unpleasant surprise and appreciate the grave dangers associated wlyh the prac- tice. - Hrockvtlle Recorder and Times.

lake Ontario is ‘rising above lb normal level. Farmers along its bunks are beginning to worry about a repeal. performance of soll eros- ion similar to the situation that arose a few years ego. - St. Cath- arlnca standard.

Canadians have not. only fought in two world warsjo protect free- dom. They have fought for it. through two centuries, with every weapon at their disposal, and ivlih the courage of the pioneers they were. They still cherish that free- dom, and they will not give it up, even though there are those in our midst who would sell our freedom. ourilberty and our way of life to a nation not. their own. Canadians are only beginning to realize they will have to fight. Communism but. with the realization they will be ready to fight, with just es much .of the pioneer courage ca their forefathers. -Seult Ste. Merle Star.

Some of the buildings as Bris- sin's Atomic Research Station are to be heated by atomic energy es an experiment. The director of the station. Sir John Cockcroft is ar- ranging for this to be done by us- ing waste heat from the big atomic pile. Heat is generated by the splitting of atoms ln this pile enrl a cooling process is used to trans- fer thls waste heat elsewhere. ll. wlll~be fed through pipes to the buildings. - UK InformatlomOf- flce.

During the last seven days, in addition. to my ordinary daily work as a country doctor, which means long hours of motoring visits and surgery attendance, I have been celled upon to lssue medical certifi- cates for vacuum flasks. corset-s. coal. brassterlea, hot-water bottles, elastic stockings. outslze shoes, milk, eggs. clothing coupons for expectant mothers, overseas travel, successful vaccination and inocula- tion, children's family allowance, glucose, Horllckh brandy, whisky. petrol and paraffin. -- From e letter in the lnnclari Times.

A. U. S. college ha: started a "scientific experiment." to deter- mine lf e healthy young man can stay alive on e diet. composed of ample quantities of margarine, rice, ham, bacon, chocolate, cof- fco. bread, marmalade, oatmeal. sugar. mill: and cocoa. Alter sur- veying the prices of these various items in our neighborhood grocery it appears to us it. would be more to the point. if the college conduct-ed a scientific experiment to decor- mlrie if a healthy young mun can live without. them. Windsor Star.

A new method of handling peisl cillln enables this wonder drug t.‘ be used in combination with oxygen so that the patient can be supplied with an oxygen-penicillin mixture through an atomizer. This new combination produced under the name of oxyclllln has been suc- cessfully used already in u number of the largest London hospitals, especially for bronchial infections. A calibrated container shows the doctor how much penicillin is being recefved by the patient under the oxygen tent. lf alfthe end of treat- ment. a small amount of oxyclllli". remains In the mixing chamber of the apparatus, it, is a slmp.e matter for this to be returned so the container. - Brendon Sun.

Perturbed at. the dwindling social acceptance of the nickel. a New Yorker ls bearing down on Wash- ington offlclels to issue a coin worth eevcrread e half cents. Since such e coin would be half- way between e nickel and a dime, he suggests that it should be cell- ed e dlckel. It. is to be hoped that lf Washington does decide to issue dickels that the Canadian mint. will think loag and hard before following suit. Going to the corner store and asking for e "dlokc": worth of telly beans" ls enough to give every child in the country adouolds. Canede. should poke e- loag with its present coinage. What this country really neodarls a ood- flve-ceut place -oao that bu! something besides an‘ ice oreein oone or n phone oell. -‘Wluulpeg Tribune.

Results from ‘Aaelrelea cowl‘ merits in "rein-making" ere gener- ally erdel to ire-mote olsnlfloaui than hose achieved elsewhere ln the world. according to pills! of who realopbyslcs division of, the Aus- tralian Council for Bel tiffo end Industrial Hosea h. . l. 0. Brown. Dr. g n ee-td that he wee cautiously hopeful shes radii:-

mooessfttllf erlIsIdeIIelIaiuIeuoo "it time ". "i"

m tl0llb had

rundown -a

Vancouyer Newe- ~

are?

CHARI-ofleiouo

PUBlIL ruiwm_

[hie column so open s.- ttse diooaaaioa by corre- eponaeute o! gueotioue or interest. the U-arlossesosv- Guardian daee not ueoemr u; endorse tlie roplsslou u- reapaudeum‘

\

GRAIN‘ EXPORT BAN LIITED

Bin-The i equent. and determin- ed act-s of the Dominion Govern- ment. which are detrimental to the Maritime Provinces would lead one to suppose that Ottawa would go to the limit in rendering Cori- fedcreilan a matter of disappoint.- ment to the three original Provin- ces by the sea.

The astonishing telegram from Winnipeg in Friday's Guardian stating that the ban had been lifted against the export. to the United States. and other coun tries. of barley and oats for human consumption and for feeding pur- poses. la nothing short. of a breech of faith by the _Ot.tewe Gavel-q. menhllver since the Federal Agri- culture Depertment lost control (to the grain deaiersof Canada) of the market. for oats and barley, iuuch higher prices have been paid for some in the Marltlmee. These prices have been rising of late until our farmers are beginning to wonder whether ll. is possible u maintain the upkeep of livestock. What. will now be the case?

If, as competitors for the small amount of out-s and barley left in Canada, we, shell have the whole immense demand of the Ameri- can notion blddlng against our farmers, the sale of these grains is now left open in the Winnipeg and Montreal Grain Exchanges and it would not. be auswfalug if Chicago end New York were to buy up everything in sight in s few days.

This has happened while seven out of our nine Provinces ere act.- unlly in Ottawa prof-eating la the matter of the freight rate ~ln- creese and one wonders whet they are saying to Mr. Gardiner on reading the news from Winnipeg this morning. They will now have two important protests to make; and bed as the freight matter Ll, the lose of feed grain will cause the greater injury of the two. Let me say here that if we had an elevator in Charlottetown we could fitter-est the grain merchants of Canada in keeping our farm- ers well and constantly supplied with grain. but so long as the grain has to be imported by rail. storage is not géisslblc; for railway cars have to unloaded within twenty-four hours after arrival or e daily demurrege as high as ten dollars is levied. I wonder lf it would be possible for Ottawa to render conditions worse than they

I um. Sir. etc. ll. K. B. BEMMING.

I

Sits-Tho above letter was eenl ‘ to you on Friday for insertion in your Saturday edition but. was withdrawn from publication when you told me you were publishing an interview by your Ottawa cor- respondent from Mr. G. .7. Mc- Ilralth, Parliamentary secretary to the Minister of ‘Prado and Com merce. This reply was published on page five of satin-day's Guar- dian and leaves the matter in so complicated a situation that I have decided to ask ‘you to publish ny Friday letter. I would draw your attention to the following facts.

l. When Parliament annulled the ceiling price on cqrse grains, which did not happen till afie: tlie grain dealers of Canada had purchased all they could of oats and barley in Winnipeg, the Can adlan Government. having lost control of these two grains, placei a ban on their export to. the out:- slde ivorlrl. As a result of that. ban the sales price of the course grains has been kept. within rea- son although much higher than the ceiling price.

2. Apparently the grain dealers of Canada have been finding Lne demand slow for oats and barley and not caring to raise the price inordinately they appealed to the Wheat Board of Regina to ennui the ban. Had this baa been allow- ed by the Dominion Government the whole of the coarse grains would likely have been purchased abroad in a few days t.lme.'

3. During the war the [Federal Minister of Agriculture has con- trolled the sale of all grains. in- eluding wheat. Now, however, ilie situation is becoming exceedingly complex. for the Wheat Board in Regine ls controlled by htie Mm- ister of Trade and Commerce and ls also more or; less independent of him. In taking the above staha lhc Wheat. Board has considered. not merely the needs of the West- ern farmers who still have some oats sad barley to sell, but ihe human food requirements of the whole. world.

s. Ills. Mollralth stated that. "th- deolslori of the Canadian Wheat. Board‘ toperinii exports of Ceno- disu aets and barley to the United States and European nations will notendeager feed supplies cou- CYIBMB TOFIHDBIQBC 130m WNW!!! Ceaede to the Mes-fumes." That. is absurd for Prince Edward Island."