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oral McNaughton’: first bid for a Commons

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THE GUARDIAN

Morning Dally (Founded In I881) Authorised u; Iierund Clue: Mull, Pant Offlae Department, Otture.

The Inland Uaerdlun Publlahlng Co. ‘Idltor nnu elunngingutlrector. J. ls. l-lurletts

Anaar-iele Editor, Frank Weller

"The Strangest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest lnk."

wards Mr. King's evident regard for the Civil Service as "a stepping stone to the Ministry." How, it is asked, con the Civil Service in such circumstance remain non-political? I l‘. is quoted os stating: "If the Brass Hat sec- tion af the Civil Service is to be a training ground for politicians, the bureaucracy must drop its protective coloration of non-partisanship. If the deputies and departmental executives are

CHARLUTTETOWN. WEDNESDAY, SEPT. l5, 194B

At Maritime Expense

ln a recent address Major J. A. MacDon- ald, former Conservative member of the Legis- lature for the Cardigan district, pointed out that despite Provincial Government claims to have made a gcod bargain with Ottawa in its tax agreement last year, we are still in the "red" Financially. If it were not for liquor revenue we should be badly aff indeed. One of the reasons for this situation is the lack of industrial ex- pansion ta which the Federal Government's war- time policy of building up industries in the Cen- tral ‘Provinces is directly responsible.

This fact was the subject of eulogy by Rt. Hon. C. D. Howe, Minister of Trade and Com- merce, in an address last week at a luncheon of Canadian National Exhibition directors. Carr- ada's four a-nd a half billion dollar war invest- ment‘ in manufacturing, he said, has now been two-thirds converted to civilian production. In the two years following the war, an additional two billions of dollars was spent in expansion and modernization of manufacturing plants. An- other billion is going into manufacturing this year. Entirely new industries, such as syn- thetic rublser, have been created. All this, of course, in Mr. Howe's words, has meant "signifi- cant changes in our working forces, industrially, occupationally and geographically. . . . Popula- tion shifts have expanded the working forces in the Central Provinces and on the Pacific Coast."

Mr. Howe has been invited by the Char- lottetown Board of Trade to be their guest at the opening Fall meeting of the Board, when perhaps the Minister will explain what is being done to offset these population shifts, which have been chiefly at the expense of the Mari- time Provinces. Prince Edrward Island appears to have suffered most of all, if the last popula- t-ion fig-ures issued by the Bureau of Statistics are to be credited. Our greatest difficulty at the present time is shortage of farm labor—a direct consequence of the high industrial wages the big Provinces are able to pay with the aid of fat Federal handouts.

Geographical Aspeets

A series of nine booklets, presenting in at- tractive form the geographical features of each of the Canadian Provinces, has been published by the Canadian Geographical Society. Refer- ence to the booklet on Prince Edward Island, wri-tten by Dr. Lloyd Show, Deputy Minister of

y Education, beautifully illustrated, was mode recently in these columns. Prepared specially fer students, all the 32-page booklets are writ- ten in concrete language within the range of school children. At the sometime, the subject is treated in a ma-ture, comprehensive manner, showing the interrelationship of the historical, physical and economic aspects of each Prov- ‘inice, with their effect an social and cultural s e.

The series is specifically commended m Canadian Education, official publication of the Canadian Education Association, which points out that they have been written in most cases by leading educationists, and, while they tend to present a rather idealized picture, should be of. value not only to students but to adults and particularly newcomers to Canada. lt is to be hoped they will be made available in every school and college classroom.

Mr. Pearson’s Appointment

Prime Minister King and Liberal Leader St. Laurent may regard the enlistment of Mr. L. B. Pearson to the Federal Cabinet as "a source of pride and strength to the Government,” but, according to the Ottawa Journal, the ranIk- and file of the Liberal parliamentary following are far from unanimous about it. There are re- parted'ly many who feel that such plums as the ‘External Affairs portfolio shouldn't have gone to an "outsider."

One unncmed Ontario Liberal M. P. is quoted as saying that "these excursions outside our ranks in Parliament have become too fre- quent." He recalled Mr. King having passed over sitting Liberal members to bring Mr. St. Laur- ent, Veterans’ Affairs Minister Gregg and form- er Defense Minister McNaughton into the Cab- inet, and expressed the hope that other younger and ambitious Liberals in the Commons might voice objections strong enough to prevent a repetition of this practise in the case of Mani- toba Premier Garson as Justice Minister. Mr. Garson’: appointment to the Cabinet was being "rumored" in the same manner as Mr. Peor- son’s, to be made when Mr. King returns from overseas and steps aside for Mr. St. Laurent as Prime Minister.

One man most disappointed by Mr. Pear- son's promotion is said to be Health Minister Martin, who has long had his eye on the Ex- ternal Affairs portfolio.

Doubts are alsdbeing cast on Mr. Pearson's ability to win in either Algoma or Huron-Perth in a by-electiom, Thomas Farquhar held Al- goma East, and William Golding was elected steadily in Huron-Perth, not so much because they were Liberals in strong Liberal tidings, but

because of their personal followings. in either constituency, Mr. Pearson might run Into a situation like North Grey, where, in i945, re- sentment of an "outsider" was a factor in Gen-

seat as Defense Minister.

to regard themselves as Mr. King's ‘second stringers’ for the Cabinet team, they should for- get their jcb security and take the bad political risks with the good."

EDITORIAL NOTES -

Courtesy is the first law of politics, and how few there be who practise it.

i I i l The proposal of James Roosevelt to bom- bard Russia with propagonda leaflets overlooks a great many difficulties, not least of which is scarcity of newsprint in the Western world.

i K ‘k ‘R The new high voltage power line from Charlottetown to Montague is o step in the right direction, but we still have a long way to go in providing adequate power to every part of the Island.

I I I I

The incorporation of Hrydefisad in the Dom- inion of lndia will probably follow occupation by Indian troops, thus liquidating yet another princely state. The Indian: are thus creating an empire out of what in British h-ands was scarcely more than a group of allied provinces.

N‘ i I i

The Department of National Defence is doing a good job in its recruiting campaign, ll has slipped up on one thing, however. The rec- ent announcement of extended cold weather training in the Northland is not nearly so ap- pealing as wartime predictians of service in

Bermuda.

e I: e e

Canadian labour unions are certainly hav- ing their difficulties. The struggle to prevent Communists from dominating them for their own political ends must certainly weaken them, but to surrender to that domination means t-he giving up of their true purpose of getting the best possible deal for their members. i Q i D

A new Australian machine which types music should save composers and others a great deal of time and also provide a much neater product than could ordinarily be produc- ‘ed by hand. Perhaps in the time so made avail- able from drudgery, composers will be able to

do more creative work.

e e e

There is something to be said for a rub- ber tired buggy in addition to comfort and silence. The Winnipeg Free Press reports that a bolt of lightning flashed between a team drawing a buggy with three passengers. The horses were killed instantly but the insulated three were unharmed.

e e

Commenting on what he described as "baby talk" and the low standard of English spoken by young people, Mr. F. Royden Richards, Rector of Glasgow Academy, speaking at the school prize- grvrng, urged parents to return to the Victorian habit of having reading sessions with their famil- ies. He said it was disturbing to find boys ad- mitting that they never read anything but texts books at home. lt was another instance of the way in which we permitted the misuse of the gift of science—-cinema and radio. These made it fatally easy to kill time without any noticeable profit.

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The Battle of Britain began Aug. ‘ll by Germany's air raid in force on London and the South and East coast centres, ended this date i940 in victory for the British. lt was of this great occasion that Winston Churchill made his historic declaration regarding the R. A. F. and R. C. A. F. "Never in the field of human con- flict was so Much owed by so Many to so Fe\v." The Battle of Britain has special significance for the RCAF, for it was its baptism of fire. ln August, i940, a squadron of the RCAF for the first time flew into acticn against an enemy, won its first victories-and suffered its first casualties. Forty-seven Canadian officers and men—three of them with the RCAF and the others serving with the RAF-gave their lives in the Battle of Britain.

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The complaint by local Scots, at last year's Edinburgh Festival of Music and Drama that their country was not well represented has re- sulted in an increase in Scottish events this sum- met. During the whole three weeks of the Fostil val, o AOO-year-old Scottish drama—"T|1»e Three Estates" by Sir David Lindsay-were given in the Assembly Hall. Tyrone Guthrie produced the play in Elizabethan fashion. That is to say, an apron stage wcs used so that the audience would be on three sides of the players. The cast was drawn from the various Scottish repetory companies. The Festival of Documentary Films included four short pictures about Scotland, and a new Iyersion of_Michael Powell's "Edge of the World, an exquisitely photographed feature of lrfe on Foula in the Shetland islands. I I Q

Eight years ago, in September, i940, [he German all-out air offensive against England was at its height. On Septembdr i5, the fiercest assault of all was beaten off by the RAF with a conservative estimated loss to the enemy of 1B5 aircraft destroyed. Between September 6 and October 5, at least 8B3 Nazi planes were lost over England. Canadian troops stationed m Britain shared with British civilians the hor- rors of the blitz and, by the war’: end, more than 400 Canadians were killed or wounded as a re- sult of enemy action in the U. K. lt was dur- ing these September raids that Lt. J. M. S. Patton and Capt. D. W. Cunningham, both or the Royal Canadian Engineers, won respectireiy the first George Cross and George Medal

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CONVENT- FOR

§FORMALLY OPEN ED

The Few And The Many

In the early summer of 1910 the eyes of the warid were focus- sed upon the narrow strip of water separating Great. Britain from the continent of Europe. To all men who believed 1n demo- cracy, in freedom, truth, jmcice and human decency. that. narrow channel represented the last. bar- rier against. the forces of a rsew power of darkness that was threatening Christian civilization. Poland had been crushed; Norway and Denmark had fallen; the Netherlands Belgium, Luxem- bourg and fiance had been over- whelmed by Hitler's Nazis. Mis- solinils Italy had snatched at. the opportunity to enter the war in hope of securing some of the vic- torls spoils. From North Cape w the Pyrenees the victorious might of Nezidom was arrayed, facing viratwsrd toward the only oppon- ent. remaining in the lists-BA- tain, the Dominion: and the En‘.- pire. The next few weeks would witness a trial of strength upnn which the cause of human free- dom depended. What. was free- dom‘s order of battle? The Rcyni Navy-yvhicir would operate 1.. l decided disadvantage 1n such rc- stricfed waters: the British Army -now sadly handicapped by 1hr. loss of much of its equlpmert; the Royal Air Force-outnumbered ‘oy the great air fleets of the Luftwaffe: and the innate quali- Lies of the British people. epitom- ized in one of the greatest. 19a} ers in the long history o! mat. people.

Control of the air was the essen- tial prerequisite to success 1n the Battle for Britain. If the Luff.- waffe ccuid win and retain con- troi over the Strait. and Chaizaei long enough to permit. the .11- vasion fleets to cross and gala a beach-head. Britain might. wed follow in the list. of Nazi con- quests. It. was upon the Royal Air Force then, and particularly upon Fighter Command, that. the heavy responsibility rested of being Bri- tain's first. line of defence against invasion. Were the fifty squad- rons of Hurricanes and Spitfires equal to the task? Could David again overthrow Goliath? There

was one hopeful indication. o1- thoug-h 11s full significance was little appreciated at. the tirac.

Over Dunkirk the fighters of the R A. F. had come ta grips tvizh the Luftwaffe and had taken a ileavy tail. Without that. fignte: cover the story of the Dunkirk beaches would have been much more tragic. But. could our squari- rnns, exhausted by the great de- mands made upon thorn 1n tne Battle of France, meet. this new challenge?

Frame fell on June 17th; the next. day Prime Minister Ghmcn- 111 warned the House of Commons that the Battle of Britain was about. to begin. It is difficult. w assign precise dates for the Bathe. 1t. did not. begin w1i.h a thunder- ing barrage at. 1-1 hour on D-aay. 1...: did it end at. any specific hou. o1 day. 1n one sense the Battle started with the fall of Fran’. aid continued wcii into 1941. A12" Ministry. however. has accepted the dates July 10th and Octobe; 31st, 1940, as being the most. con- venient to mark the opening and termination of the Bettie. Ai- Lhough the selection has, of ac- ccsslty. been somewhat arbitrary, the period between these doses does cover the major Luftwaffe activity against. Britain.

O O O O

Before the Bettie began there was an interval of several weeks, a breathing spell during which the Luftwaffe rested from its arduous six-weeks blitzkrieg, moved for- ward to new bases 1n the Low Countries and Northern ‘France, collected replacements of eircref‘. and personnel. organized lines o: communication. and gathered ail the varied supplies of bombs, arr.- munttlon, fuel. operas and equip- ment. necessary for the next. enm- paign. The Wehrmacht too was making preparations, moving up troops and supplies and ‘looting barges for ‘the Invasion fleet. The Luttwattez preparations required six or seven weeks for completion; but before the full-acne uuult could be launched there was oomo preliminary aklrrnlehlng over foe Channel 1n which email forcu bombed Portland and coastal pan- voye, 0n July 10th e luddat‘ quickenlng wee evident 1n time activities; two formetlona of 1B0 aircraft, the ingest force yet nua- attealced e convoy off Dover. ‘the Battle for Britain tied Mgun.

The contest that. followed aen be divided into three phases. 11.0

Chief criticism, hewever,'is directed to-

°"°"l°d l° "Y members oi the Canadian Army. d

first. covering approximately tcrty ays vJuiy 10th to Ausuat 2J1.

was the period ~durlng which Goerin-g sought to overwhelm Britain's fighter defences by

heavy attacks on coastal shipping- hanbours, elrflelds, radio location stations end aircraft factories. This period reached its climax tn the ten days August. 8th to 18‘.h when the German Air Force, res preparations n o w completed. launched e. series of mass attacks on a wide front 1n s supreme effort to eliminate our fighter squadrons and open the way for invasion. fighter Command was called upon for intensive efforfz

on e scale greater than at. any other time 1n the Bettie. Bun Goeringu effort. failed. Air sup- remacy over the Channel 4.151

Strait. was not achieved. Fer from exhausting our fighter forces the Luftwaffe itself suffered crippling losses and had to change its tac- tics.

After s five days’ respite (Au:- uust. 19th to 8), the second phase began, with London the chief ob- jective for great formations of bombers escorted by swarms of fighters. 1111s was the climax at the air battle and was probably intended by the Nazis to be me prelude to the actual invasion. Their preparations for the land battle appeared t/o be complete and Hitler issued his solemn warning "we shall come". For fire weeks (August. 24th to September 11th) the ordeal of London coo- tlnued, rising to L peek on Sep- temiber 15th when the Luftwaffe suffered n major defeat. Gaza‘ oemage was inflicted on the ca, L- al but once again the Luftwaffe failed to attain its objective. The hurt of the Empire was not. par- alysed. nor was the spirit of ILI people broken. "We can take It“ was their defiant. reply. Gernrer bomber losses became so 3384b that a continuation of this phas= was impossible. Once again there was a change 1n tact-ice, Septem- ber 15th had marked n. definite turn in the course of the Bathe. 1t was the beginning of the end

On September 28th the thLrd and final phase opened, a "batzle

Continued on page 12

Poetry And Pickles

(Winnipeg Free Press)

It 1s a curious thing haw seldom vegetables get. into poetry and yet what can have more right. in metric numbers than a f1e1d of corn drooping with gold teasers? True, Ruth, as Keats watched ‘ner 1n a strange lend, fixed this vege table with o signing immortality . . . alien corn.

We are not surprised about. vege- table marrows and squashes to“ 1f ever objects persontflea smug- ness they are these two. sun at. that. they are not. so aloof tram considerations of humanity as re. a field of lilies. Yet. 1t. 1s not a- mong the marrows but. among to lilies that. the lover suggests hzs fair one 1s feeding. The marraws would be e better bet.

And who cues through what wild centuries roves beck the po- tato. and at that. this tuber has done e lot. for the human race. Not. that. the potato has been ve- speotable so long. You‘d never think so to see 1t. heaped up 1n pits. or garnered into bags, that once 1t. was not admitted into homes.

"Said Plato u. Arisbotie,

Let us brooch another bottle. Bald Aristotle t/o Plato,

lat us have another potato."

Of course it. 1a still true "but. when s potato strays 1t. does so with authority. Poteen we thinks 1e the name.

And tomatoes too. Way back

when, they had little or no bever reputation than potatoes. Trier.- family relations. that night shade faintly leave eomehing to be dc- slred, but. 1t. was more Lhan the... No gentleman. and certainly no lady, would think of raising a ~-us of this juice to their llpa. The 11,5 that touched tomatoes would nev- er touch their‘: — well hardly ever. Cucumbers have felted better. When Ieoioh was simply punk lh gloom over the goings on of 1.1a countrymen he made mention of e lodge 1n s garden of cucumbers. on tries which e tater Poet. soak up. And remember Gulliver's ec- quetutenee who Md been "eight yesro upon o project" for carts-ac‘- tag eunbeome out. of cucumbers which were to be put. 1o puns:- numettcolly noted eao let out ‘a worm the of! 1n sew inclement narnsners." lo emtt. boa an preot at the oeientttle research. But if no revlotte the glimpses of "re moon he wlll have oeoeed to be surprised at. what now comes from whet next.

Now in eeptenrber whet.

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the vegetables along the Red Rlver and out. through the country sxac. what care they that so selaom have they been praised in song. They are n. sang themselves. yel- icw. and green, LX111 re/J, and brown, opulent, succulent. crown- 111g the month of maturity. Ana that. fang 1n the air, with 11s sug- gestion of cinnamon. and tumeuc and ginger. If not poetry, men pickles. And both heighten time a- wareness of life, poetry and mak- iee. Let. flowers and moonLtgh? have their piece between covers. The vegetebies have theirfis ln rows of jars on e. shelf.

BINGSIDI BEAT IN A GARDEN