I-‘EBRUAR.Yf Vz1.j -1950‘

Releitionship Of -Hospita"ls.A1iP1Pd Government

THE - GUARDIAN. C

HARLOTTETOWN

recs news '_

Closer Co-operation

Has Marked In Past. Few

Progress Years

3, iron. I. w. Iuuiuon. Provliiciai innings»: of no-iui uia woirm

rior menu fill‘! I-T10 pi-‘mos mwud Island and were served by three Genes-sl goqsitlls; two in Chalioirtetovrn mg one in summerdde. Tlhese um. nistltutes performed yeo-- mgns service in the bottle for the health of our , ,! . Successive Iovernm9n-Ll would appear to have recognized t.hlsv- in thll email v-grants" or "subsidies" have been

id to each since the year 1914. “he amounts of these payments‘ were small aliiliough- pi-is geeplxfl with the economic Illu- nuon of the Prowzifeih ‘git: till: of operai-ins costs 9 - however. WI-S obtained - Ii wbue to the people cl’ with the stiwort of religious or- gartizatlons and the various Gov- prnnicnts' attitudes were little

ore than passive. mwitii the fonrriation of a Depart- ment of Fxiucstion Ind Health in 1930 the need for governrnerital pupcrvision of the PG°vl31'-'5 hm“-h was recognized Ind likewise -the important part the general _‘hos- pitajs were to piey in the new crusade receivedrecognltion in in,- mnscd, thougtji still wholly inad- equate. grunts. '

EXPANDING PROGRAM

The year 1945 found six general hospitsk in the Province together receiving some twenty-ttwo thous- and dollars from Provinciei Gov-. miment sources. In that you the present Department of Health ma Welfare was organized Ind I start made on an expendim health

gram for our citizens which 53 since -then. with the Iid of the Government of census. devel- oped a. plan designed to give our pie the best in preventive med- cine as well as health treatment.

During all itlicse years govern- men-‘.81 facilities for exist to general hospitals were united to financial aid. however small. The hospital: themselves. over ex- pending Ind improving their mcans of aflevisting uni prevent- ing suffering end disease. received little in the will of guidance or direction from elected representat- ives. The essistence now offered by Ind Iccepted. from the Dominion Government has made pcssihle in- creased firiaricisl support whl:Ih in tum requiiu Ind provides I closer relationship between government and institution which an only re- sult in greatly improved health standards.

'II.le need of greater financial ss- Iistance to general hospitals was recognized. however, before ac- ceptance by the Provincial Gov- ernment of the Dominiorrs Health Grants. In 1947 provision for pay- ment of subsidies to hospitals on I “patient day" basis wee which in the first year resulted in the hospitals receiving $iX).000.000 more then in the former your.

"PHI HOSPITAL AC1"

More recently the co-operation between govcrnment Ind hospitals ‘ has been emphasized by two main IIctol's—thc Imistsnce——on I three way bI.sie—in expandiw building pmiects for Ill hospitals in need of the tune. Ind the enactment in 1949 of "Die Hospital Act"—ieg- islction designed to Issist by red- ulstion and inspection. thote Dub- llc spirited eltinne whose uritirinl efforts have so for faulted in in- Itltutioil of which ihey may 1'9 justly proud. ‘me Icceptence of this legislation and the cooper“- Ion of hospitei authorities in ours’- lng out its provisions demonstrate quite hilly the happy relationship. which is the theme of my remarks. The conforming to its retillifemm“ through records. Igccninte Ind re- ports will on the other bend iro- vide slueble inlormltlon. perilou- lsrly of s stwtisticel nature. re- quired by the Department of Health and Welfare In pursuing Ind per-

fecting its pllns Ind plennin? for the lhtaltih Ind well-being 0 our peopc.

Let what I hdve Just written be for all the Hospitals of the Prov- ince. when we hI.vo before us the new wing of the Uhurlottewwn Hospital to be opened to the public in the very near future I should be more specific.

Mom: in UTOPIA

Sir Thoma More, the celebrdfo ed -iateunlfi Ind author. who Idded so much lustre to the reign of Henry VIII, was Itruck by the feet that there was somethind Ibout the hospitals of England that made men shun them. Ind in _Iils fdmous "Utopia" he has set forth the chIrIete:-ietics of In idenl hospital in I manner which his not been surpassed by In! writer on hospitals. lay or pro- fessional. in the four hundred an that have since elapsed. Ir:

_ at . bk); re. fertile imI' People had I tender reward for

their sick. . , , “They hfir? flier-o of um- If*.‘dhIlI of my ‘e rs: than no . ‘ a

lie hospitals. .- cqiiels Ire fiirnlsirpd; Ill 1hiI!fl.’ITII‘ ' out for he use and rieeovery of the lick: and thou tut are put in them In looked arm with such finder Ind weicbm can. and In so constantly Itteiidod by their fllllftil phyaiclsne thet. In. none of than Ire out to them IlIiIlI0‘_NI ‘will. so there in mm III in e whole town that. “M would fill ill. .WDtIU not choose

Nib: to. fl Iiiiliur the lie sick .lihodie."' " ._ . ‘ ;:rn,mis.i rue vutuuytiio.

of “this ‘I-for

"Ilon. A. ‘W. Mntheson

is now reedy for the Iccommo- dation of patients, that many 'of the characteristics of More's Ut- zgian Hospital liIve been reach-

Oue sees that in this present hospital much consideration has been given to the personal com- fort and privacy of patients; to the need of suitable exemining rooms Ind treatment rooms; and to the-“placing of "apparatus and other conveniences which modern nursing service demands. Then outside of the patients‘ rooms and wsrds. there has been con- sideration of detail in the Ilways- present Ind indispensai“ kitch- en Ind laundry — the heating. lighting, the power plant, the business office, disgnostic labor- atory. diet kitchens. record rooms. library. teaching rooms. all of which have an intimate re- lation to the clinical and scient- ific function of the hospital. and to staff eilficicncy. All of these services and Departments are here which‘, when final construc- tion lI completed. will be used in the best interests of the tap- proxlmatcly) N0 patients which this hospital will accommodate.

' STATISTICS CITED

The patients who have come to

this hospital in the past. and for

ihose for whom more accommo-

dation has been provided for the futuee, come from all over this Province. 1 have just learned from the Division of Statistics of my

own Department that from Jan- uary to November. 1949, inclu-

sive, 2,919 patients were admitted to this hospital with (approxim-

ately) ‘I2 per cent of that num- ber coming from outside of what we call the .“IreI served" by the Prince Edwsrd Island Hospital Ind this Clnrlotietcwn l-fo.'I)ital.

in these days of hospital plan-

ning toward the best use being mede of Hospital construction, grants from both the Federei Ind ProvTnciIl Govermneuis, which grants lieve metcrialiy assisted in the work done It this hospital. considerable thought -has been given to the study of what con- stitutes the optimum number of bedI_~for I given community or province. rive -general hcepltzl beds thouund of population have been frequently spoken of u'I proper standard‘ of hospital- ization. In brief. most of the lit- or-Iture on hospitals speaks of so many bede per thousand u if these beds were equally avail- Ible to every membe of the community. I believe this Is- sumption to be lacking in real- ism. In the Iverage well-to-do community a relatively small percent of the population can If- ford to pey for hospitalization. Ind the beds Iveilnblo to them. at a price, in the form of private Ind semi-private accommodation are in excess 61 four. to five per thousand.

In short, under our economic system, it would Ippur to be idle to talk of beds per thousand for the community as I whole. The well-to-do Ire able to tIke care of themselves e- It I price. The mlddile-income groups all be helped porceptlbly by llue Cross Ind other group plans. if properly developed. but the greet muusofthepoapiemuubeeph cificelly. provided for Ifter‘Ic- counting for the beds tint exist exohilivvely for those who can pay. If this large group is not provided for the may go to Il- reldy over-crow d words or "do without."

I bsve Ivory renon to believe tint the money end the planning wbiob.hII gone into. the construc- 'tior’i' ettble hospital bu not over- looked the needs of all who may ¢gg...iq.,l_te.dpcrs. end in the wordI",~of- “Hero? “Would choose I:ILIIIf_,CQ‘ go thither then lie dck.iefv'hwI¢.' .

smile!

‘me world is blue enough Without nu feolinl blue- I

Bmilol

.nm°- not but icy enough Union you're bent. too. Smile! . ,

The sun is-aims s eliinind ‘And?ilierI'I.wer to do.

eaiiiioi .. : . I ‘nits .world my not bljhelvon.

, Rae»?-Ibiduwmwnltgu-e--«w -4-»: ».awM~.-. .-

llut then. it's .bome_ to me. and

',,‘.....,. ;. .... ;.. _.

Modem Lillisieirlcs Parallels March Of CiviIiz_a_iion ,

It lies long been Ioceptcd that the “' of women in any civ- lliutlon is the most Icwnte index of the advancement of that civil- by the cue given her It the birth of her child.

Among scone primitive peoples the women. when her time was at hand. retired into the woods and there bore her lid. severed the cord with her I h. eind/in most returned immediately toriher

other primitive peoples believed thnt lebor was I. voluntary act of the child who was beginntm to find his quartets camped. The mother Ind friends‘ would Iiitcmpt to can the child out with ,romiIeI of food. Often the mother was starved for I week prior in the be- lief then the baby might then be more anxious to emerge ‘and take delivery of the milk made ready for him.

Arrinng the Greeks and later. the Ra-riams, the delivery of wcmcn mm! the an of hearing were only well developed. This was in most part the result of the teaching of the famous Grecian physician Aesculepius. I-low successful he was is evidenced by the manner of his death. Mythology has It that his ministrstions so prolonged life on eariih that Pl-uto complained to Zeus that the population of Hades was dangerously low. Zeus. to ob- lige, slew ‘ Acsculepius with e thunderbolt.

FIRST HOSPITAL

Lltiie further progress was made until the 16th century. wuiiich saw the estiibusiiirig or the‘ rim. hoop‘- tai'. the first eutihenticnted casser- can section. and the coming of Ambrose Pare.

It is mteresting. on the occasion of the opening of this new Met- ernlty Department to read the descriptions of this first hospital. "in one bed the feet of one to the head of the other. I women groan- cd in the pangs of labor. is typhus patient rsved in the delirium of fever. a nursing infant writhed in convulsions. s consumptive coughed his hollow cough, and a victim of scme skin disease tore with furious nails his infemslly itching integumcnt." To this came Ambrose Pare with his gentleness and hum- enitarliinism to establish I school for midwives and by his skill to in- uodnce manipulaticnx that WCIUI-d save thcrusands of mothers Ind babies yet unbcm. one cl these mothers. in fact. was Ambrose Psi-e's own daughter w-‘.i::sc life was saved by one of her fathers pupils. . The next advance came with the invention of the obztetrical forceps by tho. Chamberlen brothers in Eriglsnd. This invention was. con- trary to all medical ethics. ‘kept secret for generations by this fem- lly. Indeed. just a few years ago. during demolition of the old fam- ily home in southern England. their primitive instruments were found in I secret «floor col!!!)Oft- ment. A French Obstetrician of the time comments as follows 011 this secrecy. "He sfzo keeps secret so beneficial an instrument de- serves to huve O worm devour his vlteis for nu eternity."

crm.n-nun rzvn. ‘

By the min century obstetrics was well ulvsnced on the mech- Inicol side but much of this ed- vuitsgo wu offset M N10 133*“? ing prevuenco of child-bed fever which. It one time. killed a hub pf 20 per cent of mothers ii? ‘M3’ emity hospitals. among women delivered It home. aittiiougri not so high. was still I mm one. Many ridiwln theories were put forward to G1- pmin the occurrence of this dread disease. The commonest. and W3" hupa the vacucst. was the}; 1‘ W“ due to e. “iriiesn'ra" or mfioul air." It wes left to Searr:srie'-m. of

‘ to how that e cause 0 Xl§'£i.“’w.. ‘really blood-poisoninl carried trim patient to patient by the attendants. in the M0 ridicule. scorn and 1“l“'““- T“ mwed the cause and menner of

",3, L I l opentioh fie piunfed°uhu‘iis:gr§rc:nd quidth developed mood-poisoninK»'1‘h“-' ° died. I victim of the disease which he had shown to be ideriiticsl with dtifid-bed fever end to which he had devoted I life time in audio-

gngteflity hblpltlll.

me and of the nineteenth Ind

beginning of the twentieth century

we: science hit I faster tempo and one medicelgilecovery

succeeded Ino M'- of ‘chloroform Ind other ushered in the ere of I.uIecthesi.I. Ind for the first time some Jolie! from

mA1“0'|l’:' this time Iiso. noentgai in cu-muiy. discovered X-RIM Ind for the‘ first the comma memisernerit of the pelvic bond

uld be Isle. mm clelgovery of the blood tron Ind eubetuim thet would llwmt blood from when with-

W... 31:5” and now‘ recite greeteet cause of-maternal ‘do HIW DIVILOPIINTI I

rm. in the late thirties. some the Iulfoinmidos. the tint ofeetill growl series of drugs thct show every In of freeing men from the ranges of his internel Qlllhlol. bacteria Ind viruses.

'5 modern

in/tion. -mus position is best gluged iinoort-no

me mortality ‘P

1” {used out to clean Irea. trays

‘,1 counter. Extra tables will .provide

punwupoubleforthewmntlmfi.

The llletary

when Florence Nightingale went to the Crimes her fint care we: to provide better food for the dck sold-iere. Since her dey con- stant research and experiment has proved the need of well-bIl- Iuced nutritious meets to p ‘ optimum health. and the meclal e of Inch meals in I hospital. Those who planned the Ch-r‘ tdmvn Hoqiitslls private pIvilion were cognizant of the newer knowledge of nutrition and hnve provided for the dietary de- partment in‘ I way that will im- press personnel with the value of first-class food service and will encourage them to meet the high- est ltsndards.

MAIN KITCHEN

The kitchen section is on the first floor Ind is well lighted with I generous View of the harbor from its lower windows. In the main kitchen there is extra brightneu from overhead lant- erns or eky-lights, those windows are also useful for ventilating fans. The antlflclal lighting is fluorescent. The ceiling are ac- coustically treated, the wells are done in pastel green enamel with yellow tint. Coming in to tile kitchen from passage through former kitchen, in hand basin is provided so that all employees may conveniently wush hands before beginning work. The Aga cooker and a spe- cial roast oven are to take care of top.- of - the - stove cooking and roasting; stainles steel jacketted kettles. cereal cooker and a steam cooker, in line behind the ranges. provide for other types of cock- ing. Also parallel to range but in front. are cook‘: table. urn stand. steam table. and a dwarf wall providing electric outlets in which to plug food conveyors for heat- ing. To the right of range and near windows will be a special type of vegetable sink —- veget- ables will fall directly from per‘- mg machine into one section. set '28" from the floor so that the workers may be seated conifort- ably It it for necessary nand work, the second section of sink is deep and into it finished pota- toes or other vegetables are drcipped. A large steel storage cabinet and I strvice counter with toaster finish the line up along that wall. On this service coun-.et there is an opening providing for removal of crumbs by brushing, them into drawer below. Along ‘the opposite well there is a meat preparation or work table with hood chopper and meat slicer; a pot sink and pot rack. Here on this wall. too. are doors leading to refrigerators: double doors I0 "reach-in" section, door to salad rei'rigei~tor. and door to "walk-in" section where there are four compartments -- one for meats, one for vegetables and beverage, one for dairy products and a "deep-freeze". The machinery for these units also provides refrig- eration ior the Wallace cabine-ts’ on the floors. _The area for the pastry and dessert cook has an electric bake oven. I baking table with con-' venient overshelf and tilting ‘.-iLriinle.ss steel bins. steel jacket- ted kettle. steel cabinet. power mixer and proofing csbinet. Addlcent there is central disb- vwIshing depuiment. Here the coiled ti-Iys Ire brought from liobns on rubber-wheeled slain- less steel Ingled racks; the soil- ed trey: Ire passed through win- dorwopening. the dishes are re- moved Ind placed in metsl bask- dl. then pemed in track over pre- rinse Iink where they Ire nozzle- reyed before being passed in to washer for washing. rinsing and sterilizing. The clean dishes are

Ire set up and placed on convey- orl whlclrare stored neuvby un- -til meIl hour approaches when they Ire returned to floors. SPECIAL DIET KITCHEN

This section has In electric nnge. refrigerator. steam table. Iuinlen steel sink. Ind work

leboretory space for teaching nur-as dietetics. The office of the

O-O-0'OOO'O-OOOOOOOQ-O90-O-O-O90

Department

'0-O0-GO O9.-O-OO'O'O'OOO-OCO-0'0-O9-O 09-9-0-

toaster coffee.

Two other dining rooms will provide for night ItIff and other personnel. for doctors and in- terncs Ind for visitors unIvoid-

Ind urns for weier end

our lllnea of relatives or friends. The rich gold green FABRON in the guest dining room and the welnurfurnlturs lend charm and dignity to this lovely room.

ronnwns boots I

A room devoted to preparation of infant formulas in another pan: of the dietary department. Here provision is made for washing bottles, filling the‘ formula into them, capping. sterilizing and storing them according to tech-

niques of terminal sterilization. The. capped bottles are kept in refrigerator in this room until needed in infant nursery or in

pediatric division when they are taken there in electrically heated cart. .

SERVING TRAYS

The food prepared in kitchen is taken to the floors in electric- ally heated food conveyors and trays are served from floor diet kitchens or serveries. These are connected with first floor by electric dumb waiter and have also direct communication with main kitchen by inter-iletpart- merit phone. These spacious, ‘bright serveries have warming cabinets where teapois, plates, etc. are warmed, urns for hot water and coffee, hot plates and toasters. cabinets with trays for the occasional snack, carts on wheels for between-meal bever- ages, etc.

In serving meals is Selective Menu system ‘is used; this was in- augurated last March more or less as an experiment; there is nobody concerned who would want to do away with it. It has proved very helpful in giving food satisfac- tion; the patients enjoy making a choice; and the dietitian makes out menus with more confidence — for example, she knows that liver is a very nutritious food but under the old system of one meat for all on house diet. when placing it on the menu she could not but think of the few who would not look at liver for all the

ably detained II in case of sei-i--

lalesi Type Of Refrigeration ls Prime Feature

The lstest type of refrigeration has been installed throughout the new Charlottetown Hospital by Pslmcr Electric. On the ground floor and immediately Idjacent to the msin kitchen. is 3 set of walk- in boxes consisting of I dairy room. fruit and vegetable room, freezing room. salad tray room and work room. These rooms are all‘ separately controlled so that the ‘required temperature for each type of product used can be set in full automatic operation. In the freez- ing room are a set of cold plates on which meats, poultry and other perishable products can be frozen for longer type storage. The work room is the main entrance room from which access is obtained to all the other rooms and in which the food stuffs can be sorten. handled and arranged in the , ' ' ‘ possible time.

At is central point on this floor- and adjacent to the main kitchen, the pantry and the diet kitchen. is an ice cube maker where thesi- cubes are made and stored for. treatment purposes ‘ind special cooling drinks. On the same floor end to serve the nurses imd other dining rooms. in section of the cafeteria table has been refriger- ated and it consists of a cold com- psrtmerii: and a salad table on ton to prepare and store the food used in making up these salads. Refrigeration has also been er- renired for the two tray morgnie leading off the autopsy room and in each of the second. third and fourth floor diet kitchens is an eighteen cubic foot reach-in re- frigerator in which can be stored a small amount of frozen provi- ucts and. at low temperature. the balance of this smpl space balm used for food stuffg of standard temperature. The machinery room. for these refrigerators. has been sound proofed and is conveniently situated cfrthe ground floor store roan. In this are three different operating units and also on em- ergency standby unit. which can be immediately turned on to take care of any emergency situation in the operation of any of the boxes. The formula room. end the other diet kitchens. are all equipped with