HASZAttD’S- GAZE'l"l‘E, SEPTEMBER. 29.

SI:Msroroi., A1‘ usr, ins Fsi.i.i:s. The rumour which produced so much ex- utenieut and difused such universal joy about eleven months ago, has been finally ltelllized. The bombardment was renewed, for the fourth time since the commeiicenient of the siege, .on Thursday seﬁmigm, when the tremendous eﬂ'ect of the heavy guns, which with so much pains and lab zur have been conveyed to the front, was speedily ap arent. The besieging force was now a o to command positions which formerly

were quite out of their range, was proved as by the conflagration of a line-of-battle ship in the harbour the same evening. On Fri- ’day the bombardment was still contiiiued— another ship was observed to be in flames- a portion of the town was set on ﬁre, and a «magazine on the north side of the harbour was exploded. The superiority ofthe allied fire was now conclusively established, and the batteries ofthe Malaklioffwere silenced. The time had evidently conie foi- using the bayonet to coinpleto the work. The period chosen was midday on Saturday, thus devi- ating from the ordinary course of coniineiie- ing the assault at dawn, though it was that followed with so much success in storming the Mamelon. The object probably was to allow‘ daylight sutiicient for the storming parties to secure themselves within the eii- trenchments, should they succeed in the assault, while the continuance of the bom- bardment during the whole ol' the morning would leave the enemy no time to repair the damage thus effected. The assault was made accordingly on three different points -on the Malakhoff and on the Little Redan covering Careening Bay, by the French; and on the Great Redan by the British troops. On all three points the assaults were successful. The fortiﬁcations were carried with their accustomed bravery by the allied troops, and the enemy was driven from his positions. But though all three fortiﬁcations were carried, and the bravery of the allied army was so far equal, yet only one of them, the Malakhoﬂ’, could be permanently held. Fortunately that one was the most important, and secured the ultimate fall of all the rest. For the Ma- lakhoif was so constructed as to afford pro- tection to its holders, whoever they might be; while the crenellated walls of the Re- dan faced only to the assailants, and left them, after they had mastered the defences, exposed to a murderous ﬁrc from the bat- teries of the interior defences, of the ships in the harbour, and of the powerful reserves of the enemy. Against this combination of attack, which the soldiers could neither reach nor shelter themselves against, no troops could hold their ground ; and it is no disgrace to the columns of either army that they were obliged to abandon the po- sition they had so dearly won. Nor is it matter of surprise, though of deep regret, that in such a contest the casualties, as we learn from the latest despstch, have been very heavy. It appears further, that so soon as the French eagles were seen to fioat on the Malakhoff Tower, the F rcnch General de Salles gallantly assaulted the Central Bastion; but though the attack was renewed a second time, the attempt did not succeed, and the assailants were obliged to be withdrawn. These chequered fortunes of the ﬁght were, however, summed up in the capture of the Malakhoff. Success on that point involved success everywhere else. From that time all further resistance was at an end, and the garrison thought only of retreat. Accordingly, on the night of Saturday the Garrison evacuated the south side of Sebastopol, breaking down the bridge behind them; having ﬁrst sunk or burnt every vessel of war then in the harbour, with the exception of three small steamers, and having set ﬁre to the town in several places, so as to render its posses- sion of as little use to the Allies as possible. Intense excitement and enthusiasm pervad- ed the metropolis as the glorious news was diffused through the different districts. Groups were congregated in _every corner greedily quafiing the intelligence and dis- cussing its importance, joy beamed on every countenance. The aspect of the City was such as forcibly to remind us of the lines of Dryden on a somewhat different event:-— “ Mon met each other with exalted look. Their steps were h" or that thsy took;

GENERAL INTELLIGENCE -

The Vienna Cabinet has already replied to the last circular of Count Nesselrode, the existence of which is now out of doubt. I‘lie communications which have taken place between Austria and Prussia give reason to believe that the German powers will end by agreeing upon a political pro- gramme which they will be able to oppose to the belligerent parties, who may be tempted to extend the war, beyond the object for which it was ostensibly under- taken.

The Prussian paper Le Jbord ofBi-ussels, says, if we may interpret in ii paciﬁc sense the returning activity of diploinatists, all hopes of arrangements of peace are not lost. M. De Boarqueiiny and Prince Goi-tscliakoffspent the whole the 13th in conference with Coiot Biiol nt Vienna.

The Vulture arrived at Dantzic on Fri- day night, says she is not so sei-ioiisly injured as was at first supposed. There is no news ofimportance.

The weather is very bad. are healthy.

The captain ofa French brig, wrecked near Odessa, and remained in that city until exchanged, has rrturned to Mar- seilles. Hc gives lamentable accounts of the general distress which prevails among the inhabitants of Odessa, and many hither- to opulent families, he says, are literally starving. The inhabitants are in constant apprehension of being bombarded. The town is mined.

_ Great Britain intends to call Naples to account, and will make a recent insult of the Neapolitan police to an attache ofthe British Euibussy the ground work of a quarrel.

The Queen and family are at Balmorul.

General Sir George Brown has retired from the army.

The lieets

had proved a complete failure. The expe- riment of wrought iron ordnance is therefore abandoned.

Mr. Hincks, ofthe Canadian Legislature, is appointed Governor of Barbados. There are those who conceive that this appoint- ment is in reward for his recruiting servi- ccs iii the United States.

Cholera is prevalent in many parts of Italy. So violent is the disease, especially at Cantaneo, in Sicily, that there isa regu- lar panic. Every one is escaping into the open country or woods, and trade is com- plctcly stagnant.

——o

\Vuis Hoiuioiis.-—-' ‘he Cornwall (En- glish) Gazelle, relates the following affect- ing incident:—

" A seaman ofthe ﬂeet before Sebasto- pol, whose family lives at Polporro, in this county, was ordered on shore for the purpose of assisting in burying the slain who fell in a late attack ofthe Russians on the British batteries; and almost the first person he met with on landing, was one~of his brothers, of whose presence in the fleet he was not before informed, and who had

ment. From him he learned, that his two other brothers were also serving in the naval brigade on shore: he remained with the wounded brother, till he saw him expire, and then proceeded on the duty for which he had landed and soon discovered the bodies of his brothers, who had been killed in the battle. ‘His feelings may be imagin- ed, as he assisted in laying these three- bro hers of his own, side by side in one grave.

‘In: Arraiirnn ASMSBINATION or run Eiirsaos or was FRBNCll.—‘0llI' readers will have heard, with mingled feelings of horror and disgust, that a renewed attempt has been made u in the life of our an ust ally‘, the Emperor of the French. The fol intent appily failed: and, if anything can diminish the in xed sentiment of alarm and scorn which such an act must necessarily create in the mind of every English- man, it will be found in the fact that the would- be assassin proves to be a puro_lunatic, or, as our French neighbours phrase it, ‘fa daa r- ous maniac, impelled by a monomania for crime with a decided tendenc tohomicide in general,

Friends to emigrate ate their fiends made haste. A . I It I s J--ﬂ.-I-P.m.9.‘

morning of

who was .

Mr.Naysmith’s wrought iron monster gun‘

been severely wounded in the late engage-i

THE rroav ‘or ‘ran ai.l:c1'ruc 'rsi.s0Iuru.

i The name of the ship Sally will always be remembered as intimately associated wit the invention of the electric telegraph. In the year 1832. during the passage of that vessel from llavre to New York, a company of Ameri- can gentlemen were assembled on her dock, conversing upon various scientiﬁc subjects. Among them was Professor Morse, who was then pursuing the rofession of an artist, and who was comparatively unknown, except to it large circle of friends to whom he had endeared himself by his frank, generous nature, and his simple, unaffected manners. There was also . Mr. Reeves, United States Minister to the Court .of France, and Dr. Jackson, ii. distinguished igcologist. The conversation happened to turn on the then recent discovery of electricity pro- duced froni the magnet. Its importance aroused the attention of men ofscienee in the Old and New Worlds, among whom it was the all absorbing subject of discussion. In the course of the conversation, Dr. Jackson stated that he had seen the experiment successfully - performed, and described the coil of wire roun the magnet ; when one of the coin any observed that it must take a considerable lbngtli of time _ for it current of electricity to pass through it—— “'NJ,.' said the Doctor, in reply, “I have .knowii the electric current to pass through ‘several hundred feet of wire in an an instant. .“ Don't you." he added, “ remember the expe- |l‘illlt‘fli of Franklin, to exhibit its velocity, and ivliicli resulted in proving that the rapidity of , its llightcould not even be calculated by time l } Professor Morse, who was an eager listener to 5 this part of the conversation, remarked that he remembered an experiment of the kind, and he iniincdintely after suggested that if electricity was so rapid, there could be little or no diliicu - ty of devising a plan by which, through its aid, information can be transmitted to a great dis- tunes.

The remark was received with a sort of go- neral assent, but did not turn the convcrsatioii from the experiment which Dr. Jackson had been describing, and which was the subject of general interest. The active mind ofour Pro- fessor, however, was busy ; and that niolit, the idea which he lind conceived was wor ed out into a practical form. liis leisure hours on board the Sally were devoted to the invention ofan instrument. which was to prove the pos- sibility of transmitting intelligence by means of electricity between distant points. l‘lie result was the construction of a machine similar to that now used. with the exception that instead of the spring. there was originally a simple per- mancnt magnet.

It is sufficient to say, here, that he was satisﬁed with his success; but this was not all—it was merely the beginning of his lc.bcss—he had to contend against the scepticism of an unbclieving world, which had persecuted and tortured, even to death, some ol the noblest sons of sci- ence for the faith that was in them.

After his arrival in New York he succeeded in making ii. perfect model of his machine, lie accoinplis icd this in his studio, in the Univer- sity, wliero his time was diaided between his great work and the instruction of some pu ils in the art of painting. This was in tho nil of 1835, when the University was in process of completion. Among his pupils were the dis- tinguished historical painter, Daniel Iiuming- ton, an lr. Looniis, another artist of much merit. Both these gentlemen acted as wit- nesses in the long and obstinately contested suit between Professor Morse and Mr. 0’Rielly.

In 1837 a public exhibition of the invention was made in the University, the scene of his unremitting labors, before a large audience. A considerable number were attracted by mere curiosity—certainly not from their faith in the practicability of the invention. Little did they or the world imagine that one day, tbrou its magic a oncy, the most distant parts of t e earth woul be brought together, and that the great ocean itself would present no obstacle to the establishment ofimuiediato communication between the Old and New Worlds. A large number of persons we have said, were present, and witnessed the success of the ex riment: it was conclusively proved, that intelligence

through a wire ten miles long. A few months after this Professor Morse wont to Washington, and in February of 1838 exhibited his machine to the President, his Cabinet, and a large as- sembly of the members of both houses. The sub‘ ct was soon after brou ht befbre Congress, an an appropriation asked for to construct a tslsgra h his between Washington and Balti- more. hirty thousand dollars, it was stated, would be suﬁcient for the purpose, and as the amount was so small, it was supposed it would be anted at once ; but, like many other mea- sures of ublic utility, it was nearly killed by delay. rgs bodies, it is mid, move slowly, and never was the axiom more forcibly illus- trated than in this case. The Committee on Commerce, to which the subject had been re- ferred, rcporing promptly and favorably, recommended that an a propriation of thirty thoussd dollars, the required amount, be grant- ed for the construction of the line.‘

eck after week passed without any notice

and a fixed idea that c Emperor was a specially destined to Mi beneath his hand."

being taken of the report, mouth succeeded

month, and still Congress took no action on it Professor Morse, bowever, was not easily dis: coui-aged——he worked with uatiring energy, in his studio at the Unnversity, for the means to support himself in it ashingtcn during the ses- sions of Congress, and in the midst of the gm“. est dilﬁculties, the false promises of oliticians the indiferenco of pretended frion s, and Q“; delays and vexations of tedious legislation labored with the most determined perseverancé to secure the passage of the bill reported by the committee.

The ﬁrst year passed, the second was near its close, and still there appeared to be no prospect that it would be acted upon. Professor Morse, during the interval between the sessions, went to England, having his invention here, and en. denvored to obtain a patent from the British government. This up lication, however, was met and opposed by Wncutstonc and Dav , and was defeated in consequence of their nlie 'ng that the invention had alread been publis ed, and that. according to ling isli patent law, it was public property. Falling in England, he wont to ‘runcc where he succeeded in ob- taininga patent, and where his invention was exhibited by the great French astronomer, Arago, qt,-lbro the .-\c:uleniy of Sciences. But although he was successful in securing the pa. tent, when he utteuiptcd to construct ii. line from Paris to St. Ccriuuin, the government in. ti,-i-posed, and claimed the exclusive right to the use of the iiivontioii, on the ground that it was a governini-nt iiioiiopoly, and that uccordin to the laws of France, could not he possessed by an individual- 'l‘lius \vhi_lo_ there was one law requiring him to carry his invention into prac. tical operation Wlllllll two years, there was another which prohibited him from using it; and both being in coiillict, he was compelled to abandon the design of using his patent in that country. He now returned to his native land, and proceeded immediately to ii ashington, where be renewed his endeavors to procure the passage of the bill granting the up ropriation oftliirty thousand ollars. Towar s the close of the session of 1844, the House of Represen- tativcs took it up and passed it by it large ma- jorit , and it only remained for the action of the Senate. Its progress through this house, as might be supposed, was watched with t e inost intense anxiety by Professor Morse. There were onl two days before the close of the ses- sion, an it was found on examination of the calendar, no less than one hundred and forty- tlirco bills had precedence of it. Professor Morse had nearly reached the bottom of his purse, his hard earned savings were almost spent, and although he had stru led on with undying hope for many years, it is iardly to be wondered at, if he felt disheartened now. On

could be trtnsinitted as quick as thought w

the last night of the session he remained till nine o'clock, and then left without the slightest hope that the bill would be passed. lie return. ed to his hotel, counted his nione , and found that after paying his expenses to 'ew York he whould have seventy-live cents left. That night he went to bed sad, but not without hope for the future, for through all his difiicultics and trials that never forsook him. The next morn- ing as he was going to breakfast, one of the waiters inforiuc him, that a young lady was in tho parlor waiting to soc _hiiii. l-lo went in immodiutelv. and found that the young lady was Miss Ellsworth, daughter oft e Commis- sioner of Patents, who had been his most stead- fast friend while in Washington.

‘ 1 come,’ said she, ‘ to congratulate you.’

- For what?‘ said Profossfor .\lorse.,

‘ On the passage ofyour bill,’ she replied.

ooh, no—you must be mistaken,’ said ho. Ireuiained in the Senate till ii late hour last night, and there was no prospect of its being rcache .’

* Am I the first then,’ she exclaimed joyfully, ‘ to tell on i’

‘ Yes, if it is really so.’

‘ Well,‘ she continued, ‘ father remained till the ad'ournment, and heard it passed, and I asked im, ifl mi ht notrun over and tell you.’

‘Annie,’ said t e Professor, his emotion al- iuost ehokin his utterance, ‘Annie. the first message that is sent from Washington to Bul- tiinore shall be sent -frcm.yo_u.,

* Well, she replied, ‘ I will keep you to your

ord.

While the line was in rocess of com lotion Professor Morse was in ew York, so u on receiving intelligence, that it was in work ng order, he wrote to those in charge, telling them not to transmit any incssages.ovcr it till his arrival. He then sstout immediately for Wash- ingon, and on reaching that city sent a note to Miss Ellsworth, informing her that ho was now ready to fulﬁl his promise, and asked her what messa e he should send.

To this 9 received the following reply, “ What hath God wroughtl"—-v_vo_rds _that ought to be written in characters ofliving light. The message was twice repeated, on each time with the greatest success. As soon as the result of the experiment was made known, Governor Seymour of Connecticut, who is at present U. S. Minister to St. Petersbur , called upon Professor Morse and claim t s first message for his State, on the ground that Miss Ellsworth was It native of Hartford. We need

scarooiy add that his claim was admitted, and now engraved in letters of gold, it is displayed