FEBRUARY 3. 1954

-Widening Education Horizons

The foreword in Widen.i.ng Edu- riilonal Horizons this week comes mm the pen of Mr. Cls.rem:eMer- P8,, ,A., M.l!Zd.. supervisor of summenside Hig School.

in his school ' r. Mercer hssput uitn actual practice what he has written here. The school has mmethixzg to offer all children. Apart from the academic work uhich is carried on by a. capable mg of teachers. a variety of sub- mgts are at the disposal of those "trim are not planning to go on to university. You will find the music morn, the art room,. the commer- mal department, the home econ- omlcs department. the carpenter shop, the drafting and welding de- pal'lillPl"iLS. Here you will find in- rrrcszed students happily at work loarrunz skills that will help them find their place when they leave school ' .

Regional High Schools

in education in this Province, there is 0. great need for larger iitll'5 of administration and It :i.jl)5('i'lUPnl: establishment of Re- zinnal High Schools. "Tito fundamental servim: rt

basis of any region is, of - , 11 larger unit of :tdminisi.- .'i'l(”ill much greater than thatnow wxorcd by the local school dis. rzrf. As the regional hizli school txril serve the needs of higth school ;i':;Vls of a dozen or more school d1et..cts known as a region, so the nrst prerequisite is the amalgam- .1'.0r1 of those school districts into one covering the area concerned. in this Province we have too many school districts. but if it is felt de- cizwnle to retain sahbol districts as Ihrv are now, well and good, In iitnt rose it would appear to be an -.-isv matter to appoint ll. rep;-g- IFfi'.&tlVe from each to form the IPll0Ol board of the larger regional nut whose responsibility it could or to look after the needs of edu.

.i:.on bc:.'ond Grndc VIII in the -vzuiiznl high school. The local ichool board could look after the eicnicntary school education. After experience, it will be felt that it larger administrative unit such as ill? RP'.-'l0Y1'B.l High School Board .oi.l:l look after all phases of edu- ratlnn both on the elementary and rrraiidary level inr the rcirion con- rr-rrted.

Provinces elsewhere until reoem. Iv fared the same problems we race here with respect to educa. tion in rural areas. They solved it av ill cutting down the number of school districts and organizing larger units of administration, t2) mnstructing at the centre of this unit. of administration a regional liiizh school. The basis of the re- rznnal high school is the larger unit of administration and it would .i,nnenr that this is the first step.

Our present Grade XI and XII courses lead only into the unit,-er. sites and opportunities elsewhere. We must have courses leading as thPV do now into the professions, but we should also have courses reared more clmely to the needs of our Province and to the needs of the pupils who will remain in this Province.

only by establishing regional hlch schools can we make provis- onilnr such optional courses which cnu.ri include business courses, in- uustrial courses, with the necessary M-sdemlcsl subject to round out

"tondnvfy education. For girls. courses could be offered in the ilr-iris of home-making and it

would appear reasonable that cour- ses should be offered boys in the field of agriculture-the basic in- instry in this Province. Around ind about them the boys and girls who by aptitude or dcsire will iiursue the classics and the sub- iects necessary for matriculation .nm the universities. '

in such s. proposed set-up the tilage schools will remain and 'ill'.('il(YYl in s better way than they

did heretofore. The teacher in IIINC Momentary schools will do a better job. and the bigger boys and girls in the regional high school will sample wider choices and experiencu in the social as well as the scsdemical and vocn. tional fields.

There are many people today who, desiring the best for their children, want nothing short of a university education. This is mag- nihcent but it is not necessary and often leads to duress placed on both student and teacher. With- in recent years the possibility of H UMVOPSUIY education is brought within reach of all and there is 1 sense oi frustration abroad when one fails to achieve anything short of that. Not many years ago most of us were contented to leave school without thought of univer- sity and we managed to live eon- tented and useful lives in fitting ourselves into the industrial life of the community.

Commendalble as it is, there is a possibility that we are advertising too much the value of a university education for too many people. Let us encourage those with the aptitude and the desire to enter the universities. but for the others

of their work by hand. Machines

are rare. Wheat, for example, is usually cut by workmen with scythes. It is then toned onto 1

cloth laid on the ground, womm with sticks beat the grain to loos- en the chaff from the wheat. The olives. oranges, lemons.oork, and grain are major crops. Cattle. goats, and sheep are raised, and- ln southern areas along the Med- iterraneari-goats are the chief milk animals. Fishing is I big food industry. Sardines snd tuna are packed for sale to other coun- tries. . The farmer may live in huts of stone in mountain areas. or in homes of stiuccoed walls and tiled roots in villages. Theme generally are no modern conveniences inthe farm homes. Laundry, for exam- ple, is done in troughs in the open air; piped-in water usually is found only in cities. The farmers often use donkeys and two-wheel- cd carts for hauling crops to mar- ket or for taking the family on I dayls excursion. Spain's cities are much like those in European countries. with I great deal of old architecture

beside modern buildings. Madrid,

let us plan our oiierinzs so that with about l.600,000.anci Barcelona,

boys and girls won't look down

upon a good general

with 1,200,000 are the only cities

education l with more than a million popula-

which might include sales work, tion. Madrid the capital is located

shop work. or house work in ad- , in the centre of the country.

In

dltlon to their cultural and acad- i addition to the government offic-

emical. cl: ' :rl with the ideal oi the sen- sational. We should do our part in elevating the daily round and common task. Otherwise, our ad- vertising and portrayal of the sen-

Boys and girls today are l cs, it has factories that make fur-

niture. shoes, .gloves, and jewel- lery. The city is also the hub oi rail and airlines that reach out to all parts of the nation.

l Madrid is truly a metropolitan

sational in occupational fields will i city, but it has customs quite dif-

lead to disappointment turbancc in the youthful imnzl.

THE LAND OF SPAIN (Continued) I

Spain is an ancient. and once great and powerful nation that has fallen on hard times. Stories of the country go back to about 3.000 years ago, when Phoenician sailors from Asia settled on the Spanish

and dis- , ierent

from i ours. Most people idorrt go to their offices until 10 o'clock in the morning. Shops close at one o'clock and everyone goes out to lunch. Work doesn't begin again until four o'clock, and shops stay open till eight o'clock. The dinner hour is late in the evening, often after 10 o'clock.

Both farm and city young people

southern and eastern coasts. Spain get. an elem.ent,ary education, after

built and lost a huge colonial em- l

included territory in

front the 15th

pire, which the Americas,

19tl1 centuries. Since those ancient. days, Spain has been a poor coun-

try most of the time.

In size, Spain today is s little less than half as large as Ontario. The area includes the and two island groups, caries ill the Mediterranean Sea and the Canaries in the Atlantic Ocean. -

Next to Switzerland the country has more high land than any other nation in western Eumpc. Three-fourths of the country is a broad plateau 1.000 to 3,000 feet above sea level. Mountain ranges cut across the plateau-the Pyren- ees in the north, along the border with France, and the Cantabrians in the northwest. The Guadarra- mas and Grcdos are part of a chain running across ccntralspnir. from east to west.

.

Spain”: population is 28 million. and most of the people work as farmers or in jobs connected with agriculture. The nation produces half the world's olive oil. and har- vesting the oil crop employs thous- s.nds of people in the south. Or- anges are also plentiful.

Cutting cork trees is an occupa- tion engaged in by many span- lards. Portugal and -Spain together produce most. of the world's cork. Around the City of Murcia, in southeastern Spain silk is produc- ed. It is oi s. special kind-very fine strands that are used by doc- tors to sew wounds, and by fisher- men to tie their colored hooked flies in lines. Murcia has led the world in tumlng out this kind of silk for over 100 years.

All over Spain, people do most

your retire

......

A

GOVERNMENT

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Assure TOMORROW

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District Annuities Representative,

7i Bi-are Block, Queen

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in when Amwny to uni

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. Vdophtilt .. I umlrrxrnml that infnrmalinn given will be Add renflentill

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Mnif in: "ac Dtveuou, Candida Covevmnoni Annelise Begum: (Pump Fuel , DPI

Plea-r mu! m infnrmnlinn I-hnu-in; Imr ll Canadian Cwminunl llmuily mu hing

nguug

I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I J

mainland l the Bnl- '

i

which most of them go to work. There are comparatively few who

to l go on to high school and college.

lThosc who do usually are from

wealthy families. which make up -I. rather small part of the popu- Elation. Spain became a republic in 1931. The republic was over- thrown in a civil war 1936-39, and Francisco Franco beca-me ruler. !Franco is a career soldier. When 'he graduated from Spain's Mili-

wus at war with Morocco and Franco asked to be sent to the front. He made a brilliant record for himself in battle and became ,promlnent in spalnls army.

In the early 1930's, King Alfonso was dethroned and Spain became a republic. The new leaders were suspicious oi Franco because of his 1-oyalisrt leanings and sent him to the Ccmary Islands. but when up- 1'lsings broke out later Franco was secretly flown back to Morocco, which was under Spanish control. There he organized a. movement to set up s. new government in his homeland and in 1936. Franco and his followers landed in Spain and the struggle for supremacy began in carnesvt.

Hitler's Nazi Germany and Mus- solini's Fascist Italy sent arms and men to help Franco's side. Russia sent aid to the genersl's enemies. Finally. after a. long bloody tight, Franco was victorious in 1939. He then set up a govem- ment with himself as leader, and permitted only one political group -the Falanglsts-to erdst in Spain.

His supporters say he is doing everything to improve the living standards in his country. Until conditions are better, it is said. he cannot relax his strong grip for fear that the Communists will seize power. His critics contend on the other hand. that his govern- ment favors the .upper cl!-E06.

Fellowship in Educational Measurement

lThs American Educstitmsi Re- search Association offers a. Fellow- ship in Educational Measurement. made possible by I ITEM 0'01" world Book Company. The person selected will pursue graduate stud- tea at either the predcctorni or postdoctoral level. in W0 M14 0! educational measurement at an institution of his choice in the inctropoiitan New York sxel. Ht will in addition receive the bene- fits of a systematic program of practical experience in test re- scarch and development in the Division of Test Research and Service of World k Company and other testing it encies.

The Fellowship vi ll provide a stipend of 52000.

Qualifications: Candidates for the Fellowship should be citizens of the United States or Canada. resident in either country. who are planning to pursue a professional career in the field of d ” 1 measurement in either of these countries. Candidates should have completed at least one year of graduate study in the field of edu- cational measurement or s closely related field at s recognized imlvir tutlon. School experience is de- sirable but not essential. There are no limits as to age, sex, or marital status of the csndichtu. although preference will be given to applicants under 35 Years of age.

Duration of Fellowship: The Fellowship is awarded for A per- loci of one year. and is renenble for a second year at the discretion of the Nllowship Aw-srd CorI'lnit- ice of the Am rican Educational Research Assoc. tion.

Additional information and sp- pliutions: For additional infor- matlon about the Fellowship. and for application blanks. interested candidates should write to:

Fellowship Award Committee

American Educational Research Association

120i sixteenth Street. N. W.

Washington 0. D. C.

Applications for the school you 1054-55 must be received bvlfsrch

1, 1954

tary Academy in 1910 his country!

BIG WHEEL-Seppl Winterhalter.

leaving the jet propulsion age to others.

father's hike on which he traveled Innsbruck to Italy.

THE GUARDIAN.

In the background is the 2000-year-old Coliseum.

CHARLOTTETOWN

sn Austrian tourist in Rome, is He's content with his granti- ovrr I000 miles from his home in

Flying Saucers. Canada's Station

Sighting

The world's first scientific flying

saucer sighting station is being constructed at Shirley Ba y, 10 miles north-west of Ottawa. So

far, scientists have not produced any data. which proves scientific- ally that there are such things as flying saucers. Now the Shirley's Bay station will make attempts to secure such data, The project is

being called "Project Magnet". The station will be active 24 hours a. day. It will contain the various types of radar. an iono- sphere recorder, a magnetometer to measure gravity and a radio set running full volume at 530 kilo- cycles to pick up any radio noise. A bell will ring when any in- strument is activated. Workers will then make s record of anything they see. The all important re- cords. however, will be made by the instruments. Wilbur B. Smith, engineer in charge of "Project Magnet" is convinced that man will eventually build a flying saucer. He sees no reason to doubt that some being on some other planet has already done so. He therefore, feels that the public should be fully informed of this possibility and its co-operation sought in obtaining accurate ob- servations of unusual phenomena. Since those who believe in fly- ing ssucens are in a minority in official circles. it is unlikely any official information will be made public unless and until science can produce proof. o

Newswonnn Appoint ' to B. 0. Seat in Semis

Mrs. Nancy Hodges. British Col- umbia newspoper columnist, was appointed in November by Prime Minister St. Laurent to the sen- ate. Mrs. Hodges thus becomes British Columblais first woman senator.

Mrs. Hodges appointment to the senate leaves 13 vacancies to be filled. They include four for Quebec. three for New Brunswick. and two each for Manitoba. Novs Scotla. and Ontario. Membership in the upper House now is 81 Lib- erals and 18 Conservatives. other women senators are Mrs. Ivs Fal- lis (P.C., Ont.) and Mrs. Cairlne Wilson (L., Ont.) Two women senators were appointed just be- fore August's general election, Mrs. Muriel Ferguson (L... N. B.) and Mrs. Msrisnne Jodoin (L..

Que.) I O synonyms and Antonyms

some of the psire of words be- low have almost the same mean- ing; these are synomirns. some of the pairs of words below have al- most the opposite meaning; these are antonymo. Write 5 after each pair of sytnonytms. Write A after each pair of entonytms. warrior . soldier re-lief . polished happy bandit

If I Were. (A (line to play)

The teacher begins this game by asking s question such as: "Mary, if I. were a bee what should you do?" Mary stands and snswers,"If I were a bee I should buzz". It is now Meryls turn, and she may say. "Jsdr, if you were at carpen- ter, whst should you do?" and Jack answers, "If I were s car- penter, I should hammer". The game continues. If any pupil says. "If I was" or "I would" he loses his place and must stmd at the well until the game is over. If I child cannot think of an action not named before, he loses his chance to answer and the ques-

tioner ssks someone else. - O I O

0. T. F. Board of Director?

Meeting Mr. Earl Jelley, BA. president of the Prince Edward Island

'1'eschers' Federation was our rep-

resentative at the board of direct- ors' meeting of the Canadian Teachers Federation held in Ot- tawa, January 14, 15, 16.

At the conclusion of this three- day conference the Canadian Teachers Federation. issued the following statement:

After a review of reports of the continuing teacher shortage in Canada, the C. T. F. directors s.d- vocate raising entrance qualifica- tions to teacher training institu- tions. They are gravely concerned that provincial departments of education generally have been lowering entrance standards.

The Canadian Teachers Federa- tion holds that to retain those teachers we have and to obtain more for the expanding school on- rolment, standsrds must be raised. For, it is only through raising standards and making teaching positions more attractive and worthwhile that teachers will re- main in their profession and cap- able young pcople will clamor to be admitted.

The lowering of entrance re- quirements which has been tried in several Provinces as a tempor- ary means of keeping the doors of the classroorm open, has failed to accomplish its objective and has seriously undermined the prestige of the thousands of well-qualified and capable teachers in the coun- try.

The only teacher training insti- tutions in Canada that have actu- ally increased their enrolment in full courses are those institutions that have raised and stiffened their entrance requirements.

The Canadian Teachers Federa- tion strongly urges provlnci.-il au- thorities to raise the standards of teacher education in order to in- sure qualified , teachers for all

claurooms.

This department is conducted by the Prince Edward Island Teach- crs' Federation: Contributions are welcomed and should be sent to Estelle Bownes. General Secre- tary, 98 Prince St, Charlottetown.

Savage Harbour and . . . Vicinity mould? Mac.D0r)ald of St. Andrews, was I business visitor

to Charlottetown, on Monday,

.....m

Mrs, Oluence Murphy, of savage Huibmir, was A recent visitor to Charlottetown.

Mrs. Barabars Dori! 0'? EMPIRE

Harbour, was It recent visitor to Charlottetmv-n, Mrs. Fred Mosher of savage

Harbour, was a. visitor to Char- lottetown on Tuesday.

Mr. Harvey Douglas, Head of Hillsborough, who is the provincial representative of this district, was it visitor to Savage Harboirr dur- ing the week.

Mr. John Pigot, well-known farmer of Savage Harbour, was a visitor to Chsrlottetmvn on Tues- day.

Barbara Cantwc-ll. daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Giles Oantlweil. of Charlottetown. has returned to her home after s pleasant visit to Savage Harbour, where she was the guest of Mr. and Mrs, Clar- ence Murphy,

Miu Hattie Pignt, formerly of Savage Harbour, but now residing in Charlottetown, was s rt-cant visitor to her old home. Miss Pigot has many friends in this area who are always happy to welcome her among them.

Mr. Freeman Mclilwon formerly of St. Peters Hsnhour, but now re- aiding in the state of Wisconsin, nttended the funeral of his uncle the late Mr. Walter Pisaoi. which was held at Savage Harbour on Janimry 25

The many friends or Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Cosde oi Glenroy. will be sorry to learn that they are ill at their home. The best wishes for a speedy and complete recovery goes out from a host of friends.

Om: of the busirst spots arniind the country these days in the com- munity potsto warehouse at St. Andrews where 3. group of men under the guidance of manager Wilfred Coffin are busily engaged

Coffin: Bernard Doyle and Irvin Drske, Bsvsge Harbour; Lorne Macmillan and John C. MacDonald, st. Andrews and Harold Coffin. Donald MacDonald and Scott Walker of Cherry Hill.