I JLiQEJQUR A

_ week are two items of news from widely separat-

. looal authorities."

' drutrial and agricultural IWIPMWI’ “"4

THE GUARDIAN

IINIIIII Dally (Founded ll D01) Aashorlud as slseond Clans slsll. Poss Offles Department, Ottawa.

The Island Guardian Publishing Co. Illsos and Managing Dlnrispr, J. I. Bin-seal. Laaoolate Editor. Irelb Walhae.

"The Strongest Memory“ is Weaker Tlllll the Weakest Ink.“-

CHABLOTTETOWN, FRIDAY. APRIL 22, 1949

Teachers Boinpllmented

Of timely interest in view of the convention proceedings of the Teachers Federation this

ed parts of Canada. In Winnipeg Prime Minister St. Laarent spoke before the Manitoba Edlulca- "tion Association, extol-ling the teachers as tne real builders of the nation.“ Himself a former university lecturer, Mr. St. Laurent believed strong-Iy that education should be a matter of provincial jurisdiction; b-ut he added that this "does not mean that it is not a national con- cem-there is no greater national concern."

In describing tho teachers as notion build- ers the Prime Minister said he was not thinking of them as propagandists for a particular na- tional creed or doctrine; he hoped it would 110191 be their duty to instil any particular brand of nationalism or any other "ism." "We want our teachers to inspire young Canadians with a love of freedom," he said, "with a deep respect for\and tolerance of the rights andopinions iii others, and with a passionate desire seek the truth." They should also inspire on interest in Canadian ‘history, bearing in mind that this Dominion did not develop spontaneously, but was "consciously planned and patiently built by men of vision and tolerance." _

Addressing the 89th annual convention of the Ontario Education Association in ‘Toronto, Dr. Charlotte Whitton suggested an internal defense tax" to improve the lot of teachers. She warned that Canada's economy would crumble from within unless something is done to strength- en the school, which she termed the "H1051 BS- sentiial pillar" of society.

"The answer lies in nothing so simple as Federal aid," Dr. Whitton said. She proposed a national budget, separate from defense and civil government, which would include all Do- minion, Provincial and municipal needs in health, welfare and education. it would be financed by a "general internal defenses levy - either a percentage of the income tax or one visible Fed- eral sales tax, pro-rated to the Provinces and

It would appear from this and other state- ments quoted recently that the teacher salary problem is by no means confined to the smaller and less wealthy Provinces.

l. l. Salaries Boost

A motion to increase the salaries of New Brunswick cabinet ministers from $3,500 to $5,000 per annum has caused the Moncton Tran- script (Liberal) 1o raise an admonitory finger. "The question uppermost in the minds of the taxpayers," it says, "will be-—why the sudden in- crease? The general economy of the country has commenced to recede from the inflationary levels of the immediate post-war period, and the proposed action of the Government in seek- ing to hoist cabinet stipends is glaringly out of place with that trend as well ‘as with the posi- tion of business and industry in respect to sol-

The intention of the measure is to give the ministers ann-ually $5,000, plus the regular ses- sional indemnity which last year was boosted by fifty per cent to $1,500. This would make a total of $6,500 for each cabinet member, ex- cept the Premier, who as head of the Govern- ment and Attorney Genera-I, would draw a total salary of $13,500. --

"In a Province whose population at the last official census was 457,401," says the Transcript. "and which has no fewer than 52 legislators in the House of Assembly transacting the public business-more in ratio to population than any other Province in the Dominion, excepting Prince- Edward Island -- the cost of administering the affairs of New Brunswick has already reached a ngfgyipugily I1IgiII IGVEI." 1

Reference is made to a like proposal that the Government of Ontario had contemplated recently — a Province in a much better posi- tion financially a-nd economically than any of the Maritime Provinces. After reviewing the original plan in the light of prevailing economic circumstances and by further weighing the posi- tion of the taxpayers, the Ontario ministry de- dd“ my 1-0 proceed with it.

This good example of a Conservative Gov- gminent, cited by a Liberal paper in rebuke to it; awn partyodministratioii, should put eri and to the matter.

France & [hejlgrehall Plan‘

The French government will benefit from the Moidiall Add. This money, by special agree- ment between Washington and Paris, is placed in q special fund lo be used to purchase new l0? plqneniedei ' .A|tiiisfiidw'll receive Inbilllon rllrdnnbsnnin 1N9 it aihply cover nun ndltures anned in thisjcategory. in m", q has ed her budget for 1949 ‘ma, (“"5" 1., qiydorm of inflation. Firi- flmniere, and this is contrary to what inariY people have thought and written, the balance was already-realised in I948. The advances rnade ' " “j i Mint ere m less ambrit

|n

930. The co-

gf lie I1, is oiil I3

20. Tdyklilfl ‘ A _ production figures I ‘ego (iiiiieii-

' ..."'...‘:.'.‘...l;' .elit i‘ , ,

‘authority for the estimate that 20 per cent of

. the stone firmly, giving added insurance against

0 d in the budget or popular classified-

has begun very well for the public finances of France and "improvement has shown month-to- month progress with the advance of the year.

I/_ EDITORIAL NOT ES ./,

I Political meetings are beginning iust when the farmers enter upon their spring operations. But the issues at stake are such that all pros- pective voters should llédf’: them discussed. I I

A schoolboy took on Easter rush iob in a departmental store. A woman asked the price of canned ham. Said the lad: "You'd better steady yourself. You'll get a terrible shock when I tell you!"

I I I

The greatest value of the Handicraft Exhi- bition which opens today ot the Art Centre is, of course, to the youthful craftsmen themselves. To the public it gives an insight into skills and imagination of the younger generation.

i‘ l I

Undeterred by long standing iokes on the subject a New Yorker has developed an oval wheel or rather set of wheels. Mounted on a rocker arm which maintains an even forward motion the wheels are claimed to have more traction than conventiorlaljound ones.

k

This weekend the bugbeor of locally adopted Daylight Time comes around again. Across the country there is a dizzy patchwork of time. In an age of air travel, radio, telegraph, and the tourist trade, local time variations should be a thing of the past.

I O

In ‘an article on "feI-low travellers" the New York Times observes that they are to be found- everywhere today, except in Russia. Such dupes of Communist propaganda who back the party line withou-t declaring themselves members got short shift behind the iron curtain.

The rapid development of Africa as illus- trated in the much publicised peanut scheme seems likely to make that continen-t a prime sou-rce of food and raw materials for Britain and Western Europe. At the some time the older granaries of the world, the United States, Can- ada, Australia .and the Argentine, are well on their way to industrialization.

_ i fl O

At the end of its long-campaign to divert Canada's trade from British to American mar- kets the Winnipeg Free Press notes with dismay the rapid disappearance of sales to Britain. In- stead of repentance, however, the Free Press de- votes its space to blaming every aspect of Brit- ish policy.

I Q C .

Mr. Arthu-r Williams, C.C.F. member of Par- Iiamentfor Ontario riding, told the annual spring conference of the Ontario C.C.F. Association that Canada will never have a national health plan uivless the C.C.F. Party gains power. Main point, in discussions by the 300 delegates is a national health plan in Canada, patterned on Great Britain's health Ifgisllation.

The claims of the Provincial Education De- partment to increase of school attendan s: is in no wise due_to in-creased efficiency in adminis- tratian, but to the baby bonus which dictates that the children must attend ‘school before participating in the Federal Government's lar- gesse.

I I Q

Four years ago, on April 22, 1945, the Ca- nadian public thrilled to the announcement that the 1st. Canadian Corps had moved from Italy and was then fighting in Holland. The move, 'shroud\ed in secrecy and known officially as "Operation Goldflake," had taken weeks to complete. Commencing late in February, the Corps, complete with vehicles, equipment and oersonndl, llanded at Marseilles in Southern France and trekked north almost completely un- der its own power. For the first time in the Sec- ond World War the Canadian Army was fight- ing as a who-Ie on one ‘front.

i

Immanuel Kant, German philosopher, born this date 1724; founder of transcendental or critical philosophy which was the forerunner of Ge-riman Liberal theolog)’. born this date I724. A-Iil that is good is the goodwill, which is good only iii virtue of the volition itself. An action to be good, must be do-ne from duty-Le. from respect for the low. This low applies to all ra- tional beings, and implies freedom of the will, for the bare form of the Iaw can be conceived only by reason, and is not an abject of the senses. The moral Iaw affirms a double system of nature-sensible, existence under empirically conditioned laws, and supersensible, according to laws belonging to the autonomy of pure rea- son. Kant postulates immortality of the soul to secure perfect accordance with the moral law, and the existence of God to secure happiness proportionate to virtue.

e l I

Latest available reports list the total on- nual claims paid for losses of all kinds of per- sonal iewelry in Canada and U.S.A. at upwards of’ $10,000,000. While this figure has not been broken down accurately, experienced brokers are

this sum, more than $2,000,000, is paid each year on diamonds or other precious gems the owners report missing from their settings. Jewel- ry craftsmen, seeking to curb the loss of dia- monds aiid other precious gems from-settings, are turning increasingly to precious um, a white metal of the platinum family that holds stones securely. Whether or not the ring shank itself is of yellow gold, the part that holds the stone, coiled either the "top" ar "setting," is today being made mare than ever before of pal- ladium or platinum. These related metals grip

loss, iewelry craftsmen say. Furthermore, platin- um oiid palladium an referred next to dia- monds because their briilaii-t whiteness enhan- ces the sparkle of the gems. Palladium, while ltititirnesrorerlliangold/isiii iliegoldprice range, and with price a consideration today this mend, far less expensive than platinum, is get- ting the biggest play in the new ring settings,‘

g self.

- PHEJiI-LARDIAN- IIHAKI-OITEIQFHN

On Making Ourselves Understood

(Royal Bank new)

(Continued from' Yesterday's Guardian)

The bulk of bustness today 1| carried on by correspondence, so one of its most necessary tools and most valuable opportunities 1s the good business letter. Tao often business letters are encumbered with excess words and phrases, which rob the letter of n11 human warmth and personality.

What a good business letter should be 1s explained by C. W. Hurd 1n " ' Correspondence, published by the Alexander Hamli- ton Instltute. I-le cells the essentials of business w“ ,ondenoe the seven C's: Concrete, Candid, Court- eous, Clear, Complete, Concise. Cor- rect. "Wlthout. these qualities". sayl Mr. Hard, "no letter can be credible, create confidence or inspire Inter- est." Nor. he mlgiht have added, w111 1t bring In orders.

Allowing for the more formal style of correspondence. the closer the tone of n business letter ep- proaches conversation the better It 1s. Inconversatlon our audience 1s ell-Important and never 10st sight of. Let's carry a little more of this kind of awareness of s. second party into our writing.

I I I

The first rule 1n writing a business letter 1s to remember our reader, consider hfm, try to understand him, and see how we can best serve him — and then write the kind of letter we think he would like best to reed. If a letter 1s helpful and aimed st. the reader's interests, and easy to read, he simply cannot find 1t dull. A good business letter 1s an evidence of good mariners — think- 1118 of others and endeavouring to understand them rather than your-

One might think that. with s11 these restrictions and restraints. nothing ‘w111 be left 1n our written output but the bare bones. lacking 1n color and style. It. 1s not so. Good writing 1s born eutqaf a free chotce of words. and does not arise from the merely mechanical arrangement of words. The choice of this word rather than that, by artistry of the writer, may paint v1v1d pictures for the reader of what you are trytng to ssy. '

Arrangement ls. of eourse, Impart- ant. but 1f the right words alone ere used, they generally have e happy knack of arranging themselves. Matthew Arnold satd: “People think that I can teach them style. What stuff 1t e11 1s. Have somerhlng to say and say J0 as clearly as you can. That 1s the only secret: of style". In a recent lntervtew, W. Somerset Maugham, the master storyteller, was asked what style he would re- commend for is writer. Hts answer was: "to ‘write simply and clearly has been my awn purpose, and one has to work very hard at It".

l I I

A~usefu1 little book for those who wish to write clearly and forcefully la The Art of Plain Talk by Dr. Rudolf Fiesch. In small space, this volume helps to teach the reader how he may wflte 1n plain style, and then, having wrltten, how he may measure how difficult the read- er 1| going to 11nd what he has written. By a simple formula, 1t takes into account the length of sentences, the number of affixes, and the n-umber of personal refer- ences. Dr. Fiesch says that shorter sentences, fewer affixes, such as names, pronouns and words that refer to human betnes, melee for greater reedablllty 1n your wrtttlnz. Dr. Flesoh takes as s middle

point on the scale of Reading Dtffioulty the point he cells “Standardfi, the level of s

writing as may be found 1n Ree - er's Digest. “stander? 1s easy reading for almost everyone and even t-hose who are used to more ddfflcult material ere happy to see “Standard? It. 1s a saver of time. temper and money. "Standard" sets as its ideal these qualities: sentences ever-eg- tng 17 words in length; approxi- merely 3'1 affixes per 100 wards: and about e personal references per 100 words.

It may be of interest. to men- tion there that our Monthly Let- ters are frequently tested by the Hirsch furmu1e. and that: they maitntaln e. fntrlv consistent 1eve1 of "Standard? 'I'.here are adver- tising departments which obtain a "Masai-i. rating" on s11 their copv before 1t goes to press.

‘me other slde of the picture 1s revealed 1n a new and amusing little book called Federal Prose: How to Write 1n end/or for Washington. This 1s mentioned just 1n also you are lnfmested In obtaining a mastery or even a working knowledge of how to write jargon. ‘me two authors. trained at Harvard. went to work for the Untied States Government 1n Washington during the was, "and soon found themselves writ- ing a new ‘sngusge-ans known to the specialist as Federal Prose. In their srruistriely liiustrsted book they examine the rules and qualifications, the spirit and es- sence of this sort of wilting, wtth many unnslatfons of Itnglfsh Into Iodernl Prose.’ .

I

They :0 on to soy. however, that rodent Prose 1s not eonftned solely to Government: "It occurs 1n various other products of sem- entto art; tn the ws-ltlme and oral utterances of sociologists and educators. 1n the irtdescent oom- monterles of theologians. 1n tbs textsvof Insurance policies. tn re- views of plays and concerts. 1n ed- vertfsernents of vehicle»

Fleidhause. dean of the

_ tndemntty of sumo. The leader of

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i‘. .4. '

M. P.’s Remuneration

(St. John's Telegram, Newfound- land)

Members of the House of Com- mons of Canada receive 04.000 l! s seeslonal Indemnity; the Prune Minister's salary and motor car allowance 1s $17.00!) and an ex- pense account of $2.000 P01‘ In’ num; Cabinet Ministers receive a sa1ary of 8110.000. a motor ca: a1- lowance of $2,000 per snnum and an expense account of 83.000 1191‘ nnnum; the Leader of the Opposi- tion receives a salary of 810.000 111 addition to h1s seeslonel fndemnlty of $4,000 plus a motor car allow- ance of 82.000 and an expense sc- count of $3.000 P" 011mm‘-

The Speaker of the House of, Commons receives. In addition 0 his sesslonal 1ndemn1ty"0f $4.000 a salary and motor car allowance of $7,000. He 1s also entitled to $3.000 per snnum 1n lleu of rest- dence. Previous to the fire of 1916 which destroyed the old Parlia- ment. buildings, the Speoker- of the Canadian House of Commons had his residence 1n the Parliamentary building; he now lives outside and l-hla amount. of 83,000 1s granted to him 1n 11eu thereof. He 1| also en- titled to the expense account of $2,000 granted to e11 members.

I O I

The Deputy Speaker of the House receives, 1n addition to his ses- slonel Indemnity of $4,000 per an- num. a salary of $4,000, and an allowance 1n Lieu of apartments of $1,500 and the expense account granted to 8.11 members of $2,000. The Deputy Chairman of Com- mittees receives 1n addition to his sessions! Indemnity of $4,000 an annual allowance of ‘$2,000 and an expense account. of $2.000. Parliamentary assistants to csb- inet ministers receive. 1n addition to their sessions] Indemnity of $4,000 a salary of 04,000 per ennum and en expense account allowance of $3.000.

The expense allowaqoe of $2,000 granted to all members of the House of Commons 1s not subject to Income tax except. 1n the case of Mtnlsters of the Crown and the Leader of the Opposition.

r In addition to the Governor Gen- eraYs salary of £10,000, the esti- mates usually Include an Item for office salaries, printing, stationery and other allowances and for travelling expenses.

The salary of the Lieutenant- Governors of the Provinces of On- tar-lo and Quebec 1s $10,000; of Prince Edward Island $7,000; of the other provinces $9,000.

The provincial governments do not have standard salaries, the amount. depending on the size and wealth of the province. The Prem- ier of Alberta receives s. salaryo! $8.500 and other ministers $6,000 along with the member» eeeslonal 1 demntt, of 81.490 plus $000 tax free. The Britten Columbia Premier receives $9,900 and other members of hls government $7,500 with the eeestimal tndemnlry of $3.000-

I O I

In _Me.a1toba the Premter gets $7,150.40 and his cabinet members

membeg to the various parltsmente receive. It 1s 11ke1y that New- foundland’: provincial government will follow the salary plan of New Brunswick. _

Prince Edward Island pays 11s Premier 84.500 and other ministers as sess1ons1 allowances.

ifs-fife...

SONG

Bum by the people of Fury over Dlarmud mid Grants. tin the]: Bridal Sleep under s. Cronflech:

We who are old. old and gay, O so 01d! ‘rhousande of years, thousands of

years. If e11 were told:

Give to these children, new from the world,

Silence and love;

And the large dew-dropping hours of the night

And the stars above:

Give to these children, new from the world. Rest far from men. Is anything better, anything better? Tell 1t us Lhen:

Us wiho are 01d and gay. O so old! - 1 Thousands of years. thousands of YGGIS, If s11 were 101d. -W. B. Yeete.

b Old Charlottetown f .

(manna;

A LOYAL COLON}:

Excerpts from the Address 1n re- ply to the Speech from the Throne, presented by the Legislative Coun- cil of Prince Edward Island to Lieutenant Governor Sir Charles Augustus Fitzroy on Jan. 27, 1838:

"Whilst we deplore, with your Excellency, the death of our lute beloved Monarch, whose paternal Interest was always so kindly and feellngly evinced towards his Col- onial subjects, we hall. 1n common with your Excellency, the anticipa- tion of a long and prosperous reign, 1n the person of his young and ami- able successor. our Sovereign Lady Queen Victoria.

"We deeply lament the progress of that revolutionary spirit, Im- planted and fostered by a few fac- tlous and designing demagogues. which has brought civil war. with all its attendant calamities, into a hitherto peaceful and happy sister Colony: but. we lndu1ge_ the hope. that out of this evil good mey eventually come; eqd that. the tra- glcal occurrences In Lower Cnnndn w111 operate as a solemn warning to e11 Her Majesty's Colonial aub- jects, nat to lend themselves to the designs of restless‘ and .llllpl‘ll1-