/ ; |

The date fixed for the Manitoba

general election—May 14—was an-p

nounced immediately after the dis solution of the Legislature and pro- vides for the bare minimum of time

-pérmitted under the law. It will be a

brief, brisk campaign, and probably a bitter one. A Conservative govern- ment under the leadership of Premier Duff Roblin ended the Liberal and coalition stranglehold on the Pro-

“vince following the election of June

16 last year. But the Conservatives won a minority of seats and at dis- solution held 26 seats in the 57-

_ member House. The Liberals had 19 |

seats and the CCF occupied 11 seats. The Opposition teamed up in a vote of confidence that brought about the defeat of the Roblin regime.

Now the big question is from which party will the Conservatives make gains to win a comfortable working majority. Observers predict they will go back with 45 seats. This‘ could mean the wiping out of one-or other of the opposing parties, or per- haps an even division of losses be- tween the two. At any rate, it seems’ from this distance that the Conser- vatives have a definite edge. Premier Roblin brough in some far-reaching pieces of legislation that had been promised in the previous election campaign. On the strength of ac- complishment and the call for confi- dence to continue, the Conservatives hold the key cards. ;

- Tax Comparisons

While Canada’s Finance Minister Fleming was budgeting for tax in- creases last. week, Britain’s Chancel- lor of the Exchequer was bringing down a budget cutting income taxes and reducing imposts on a wide range of consumer goods. But to forestall those who will say that Mr. Fleming should have done likewise, the Ot- tawa Journal has taken a hard look at the income taxes the British Chancellor cut in comparison with the income taxes Mr. Fleming would have to cut. Here is the comparison:

Net British Canadian Income aan 3. Tax (Married couple with two children) - $ 3,000 $ 245 8 55 $ 5,000 $ 902 $ 335 $ 8,000 $ 2,053 $ 890 $ 10,000 $ 3,002 $ 1,350 $ 15,000 $ 5,865 $ 2,880 $ 20,000 $ 9,247 $ 4,905 $ 25,000 $12,849 $ 7,055 $ 50,060 $34,792 $19,305 $100,000 $80,978 $48,055

These comparisons, the Journal

notes, may be affected in some de-

gree by British exemptions and other factors. What is clear, though, is that Britain’s income taxes are very sub- stantially higher than our own, and will remain higher after last week’s | budget reductions.

English In India

An American exchange notes, with some surprise, that in India a special committee on higher educa- tion has come out with a warning against too swift an end to the use of English. It recalls that, in a burst of patriotism, India declared Hindi the official language when it gained its independence in 1945, and wonders what has happened. The answer is, nothing very much. Mil- lions of Indians can no more under- stand Hindi than they can under- stgnd German. English, on the other hand, has long been the language of business, education, the profes- sions and government, and it is

_ likely to continue that way.

A writer in a recent issue of The Listener, a British Broadcasting Corporation magazine, notes that in travelling through India today one is constantly impressed | with how much that is purely British the Indians have deliberately chosen ,to keep. In the Government House (in- habited by an Indian Governor now) all the old pictures of British Kings and Queens still adorn the walls. In the cities the statues of British and Indian heroes stand side by side. In Police and Law Courts\ British cus- tom is followed and: British law dis- pensed.. In Parliament, whether

Provincial or Federal, the proce-

basis, it now looks as if it will re- main for always the chief common language of the world’s second most highly populated country. Far from being resentful of. such a necessity, the Indians welcome it and make prodigious use of it. There is not only the most complete freedom of

. Speech everywhere in India—an-

other <British endowment—but a higher standard of English speak- ‘ing than in’ many parts_of Britain itself. \

EDITORIAL NOTES

The Brjtish government has em- phasized that Monty is going to Moscow this month “in his private capacity without any official autho- rity.” Was that necessary?

i * as Ed

While nearly a score of constables and detectives were sleeping in their rooms upstairs, two masked gunmen robbed a Denver hotel of $500 in cash early Sunday. The officers, notes an exchange, were there for the convention. #f the Colorado Police .Protective Associaton in the hotel!

* *. *

Heavy rains have washed out this spring’s vegetable crop in sev- eral areas of Florida. ‘Hundreds of

acres of potatoes, tomatoes and other.

late crops were ruined, according to a report from Miami. “Since Feb. 1 this has been the most disastrous season in history’, said Earl Bird, a major packer. “We've closed down and don’t expect to open again this

season”.

*- * *

Scotland’s first nuelear powér station at Chapelcross in Dumfries- shire began producing electricity at the end of February, when the first of its four reactors came into use. On May 2 it is to have its official opening. It is expected that all four reactors will have come into use by the beginning of 1960. Then the station will have a generating capa- city of 184,000 kilowatts and will feed about 140,000 kilowatts to the national grid.

* * *

There is, of course, no possibility of India intervening actively in the Tibetan revolt. Nor is there much hope that Tibet can, by itself, win

~

hack its autonomy against the arm- |

ed might of Communist China. But the escape of the Dalai Lama to India proves that Tibet at present is far from being completely con- trolled by the Chiriese. It may take a long time to stamp out all resist- ance. Tibet may well become, for the East, the sort of symbol that Hungary is for the West. - - *

A conference to include all seg- ments of Canada’s economy to discuss equitable freight rates has been recommended by the Farmers’ Union of Alberta. In a wire to Prime Minis- ter John Diefenbaker, the FUA re- commended Such a conference to be representative of all groups in Can- ada, non-political in nature and aim-

ed at equalizing responsibility irres-

pective of the groups affected. The FUA believe such a conference will clarify the position of various groups within the economy on the freight rate structure. It might, and then again it might make for confusion

worse confounded. * * *

If a report issued by the United States’ National Audobon Society ‘is even fairly-accurate, we can expect fewer songbirds this summer. The

report says that 1958 was a “year of °

disaster” for most land birds. Reas- ons given: Destruction of migrants over the Gulf of Mexico ‘during storms in Mid-April; a quirk in wind direction that resulted in an absence of tailwinds to help the migrants northwards; an insufficient food supply resulting from severe snow and cold in southern areas.; the pois- oning of birds by insecticides. Starl- ings, which in many quarters are regarded as a pest, not only managed to hold their own throughout thd

year but showed a small population:

report.

’

increase—according to the

Proposal for racial partnership

sen

THE ROPE TRICK--CHINESE VERSION

OTTAWA REPORT Speaking Under Difficulties

By Patrick Nicholson

One of the great nationalist causes which hes beon ropeated-

' | ly advanced in Parliament in re-

cent rears is the plea’ 'by Sar- nia's M.P., Mr. J. W. Murphy, thet more industrial and scien- tific research should bé under- taken insde Canada.

It is a regrettable fact that Canadian companies, which are subsidiaries of U.S. parents, re- ly upon the staff of those par- ents for their know-how, So there is comparatively little scope for Canadian scientists to carry out research work in Canada. To pro- vide well-paid jobs in Canada for our own highly trained tech- nicians, and to create know-how directly related to Canadian con- ditions. and Canad‘an needs, Mr. Murphy has repeatedly urged that a Parliamentary Committee should be set up to study means of rectifying the present unhappy situation. ‘

Last week he renewed his’ plea in Parliament, in what Trade M-nister Gordon Churchill subse- quently described as*‘oneof the best speeches heard in this ses- sion.

Unfortunately I was not able to hear Mr. Murphy's speech. My seat in the Press Gallery ts‘ situated at’ the opposite end of the Commons Chamber from the position where Mr. Murph? siocd, and there was so much noise being made by other Mem- bers while Mr. Murphy stood, and there was so much noise be- ing made by other Members waile Mr. Murphy was speak- ing that his words were inaud- ible in the Press Gallery. In fact, I was the only person who re- mained sitting in the useless Press Gallery while Mr. Mur- phy completed his lengthy and as I ‘discovered by subsequently reading the printed report—his far-ranging speech.

A RECORD UPROAR

I have never, in fourteen years, seen such an indecorus shamb- les as the House presented. I counted no less than seventeen separate conversations being car ried.,on by other Members while Mr. Murphy was speaking: Some of these were between just two M.Ps, such as Kirkland Lake's Arnold Peters and his party col- league Frank Howard; many were three-sided discussions, such as when B.C.’s Ernie Regier went to sit beside Liberal Leon Crés- tohl while Liberal whip J. A. Ha- bel stood beside them to chatter. One five - sided conversation was held just behind Mr. Mur-

phy which was picked up and

anyplified by his live microphone. Conservative John Chariton and his neighbour were loudly laugh- ing over their own jokes, which I could not quite hear. And Lib- erals Doc McMillan of Welland and George Mcliraith of Ottawa went and sat together in vacant seats’ in the back row, instead of going out into the lobby, and chattered in unrestrained voice.

And so it was all round the

Chamber.

Mr. Speaker Michener, whose job it is to enforce the rule that “silence is required to be ov- served,” sat on his high: chair apparently unaware of the inde- corous scene before him, busily shuffling pieces of paper from hand to hand as he read them through his glasses.’

I cannot recall former Speaker Rene Beaudoin permitting noise which so drowned the voice of the Member who had the floor, except in the pipeline battle royal. Speakers Ross Macdonald and J. A. Glen enforced the rules firmly but fairly. Even the Speak- er whom detractors unfairly moc- ked as “the Hon. Ghastly Faux- pas” always preserved order in the Chamber. Not many days ago, T recall the strict Deputy Speak- er, Pierre Sevigny, calling J. A. Hebel to order when he alone was raising his voice while ano- ther M.P. spoke.

It took C.C.F. leader Hazen Ar- gue to administer the deserved chiding to the Speaker. He rose and praised his political foe, Mr. Murphy, by saying: “I do not think I have listened to anyone introducing a private member’s motion who made a better speech; but he added ruefully ‘‘and re- ceived less attention, because a larger number than usual of pri- vate conversations were. going on.”’ Prairie farmer Argue is ac- custo to the roar of prairie thunderstorms, and he described the ParHamentary storm endur- ed by Mr. Murphy as ‘‘a back- ground rumble.”

This new lack of decorum in the Chamber, among Members who disregard the rules against talking loudly and smoking inside the Chamber, has been noted by many \visi‘ors to Parliament. Mr Spezker Michener, who hag a great parliamentary tradition be hind him, is building up a less than great reputation for himself by showing great bravado in cail- ing Front Bench Members to or- der on tenuous grounds, while he lets Back-Benchers snap, unmo- lested at his heels in disregard ot these centuries-old rules,

Nyasaland

By Ed

Commission

Simon

Canadian Press Staff Writer

The findings of a secret in- quiry into violence between white and black men may have a de- cisive influence on the future of a territory that hopes to become an independent member of the Commonwealth.

The political status of the Cen- tral African Federation is far outside the terms of reference of the commission headed by Mr. Justice Patrick Devlin. It is solely concerned “with the strife that has taken the’ lives of some 50 Africans in Nyasaland since the start of the year.

The inextricable link is. pro- vided by the acknowledged fact that the rioting took place be- cause there are Africans in Ny- asaland who want no part cf the

offered’ by Prime Minister Sir Roy Welensky as the basis for the federation. ,

Welensky himself is subject to conflicting pressures. The 220,000 white inhabitants of Northern and Southern Rhodesia and Ny- asaland nervously ¢ling to po- litical. power over 6,630,000 Af- rican residents with whom they must somehow live in harmony. NO CLEAR IDEA

Many of them supported Wel-

‘

ensky’s United Federal Party in its partnership plan with no clear idea of what it meant beyond the firm conviction that the whites would remain the senior part- ners, Welensky himself has been deliberately vague in his defini- tions.

His immediate concern is not

-the acquiescence of the African

majority but the approval of the British government, without which’ his ~lans for independence in 1963 cannot go forward.

Some of the evidence to be sifted in camera by the Devlin commissicn will come from men seeking to convince it that the riots were fomented by a danger- ous minority of Africans seeking the violent overthrow of a plan suyported by the majority of their countrymen.

Other witnesses are equally in- tent on establishing the incidents as attempts to suppress a non- violent pffort by the majority to resist white domination. . The commission is dealing with a dis- pute that a is basically political and no terms of reference, how- ever restrictive, can keep poll- tics out of it. : WITNESSES PROTECTED

‘The secrecy of its hearifigs is

Bs ‘

| successful in rescuing

PUBLIC FORUM

This column is open to the discu>

sion by correspondents of question c.

interest. The Guardian does not neses

sarily en‘orse the opinion of corres pondents.

OF GREAT ADVANTAGE

Sir,—Whatever differences of opinion may be entertained re- garding the New Budget, I am sure there will be wide-spread approval of the“provision which brings all potatoes entering Can- ada from the United States under a 37% cent tariff. Up to the pres- ent the entry of so called early potatoes has been free and left a serious loophole and weak- ness in our tariff structure.

As President of the Canadian Horticultural Council, and Chair- man of its potato committee for a number of years, I was close ly assdciated with the present- ation of our case for an ail- round-the-year tariff before the Canadian Tariff Board on two separate occasions, and headed many delegations at the Govern- ment level particularly during the regime of Hon. Walter. Harris, Finance Minister and Hon. James Gardiner, Minister of Agricul- ture. We were always turned back with the a ent that a

tariff provision against United

States early potatoes entering Canada would possibly bring re- taliatory measures, and wouid en- act some compensatory values. It was finally necessary to sacrifice some of our quotas in orde: to se- cure a 37% cent tariff on our late crop.

It is therefore a matter of great satisfaction, 1 am sure, to all our potato producers, that this problem has been adjusted after many years’ effort, and that this hole in our tariff wall has been stopped. I consider this provision will be of great import- ance and value to our potato growers ‘in most years, and as far as we are concerned in this Province will vastly overshadow any other changes in the Flem- ing Budget affecting our farm economy.

I*am, Sir, etc. W.\.R. SHAW.

OUR YESTERDAYS

(From the Guardian Files)

TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO (April 13, 1934)

A fire which broke out about 2 o'clock this morning destroyed the five tenement dwelling house on the corner of King and Pow- nal Streets, owned by Mr. Wil- lard Jordan, City. A near tra- gedy was averted by the quick action of Mr. Stanley Ryan, who rotised Mrs. Callaghan and three children in that section of the building where the fire originat- ed and aided their escape from a second storey window.

Four young boys, Robert O’- Brien, Oliver MacEachern Jos- eph King and Vincent King were from drowning a little lad who had fallen off an ice cake about 100

yards from the shore in the Har- |.

bour off Richmond Street.

TEN YEARS AGO (April 13, 1949)

A Federal grant of $5,000 to- ward the cost of providing a Health Centre in Charlottetown has been approved. The Health Centre will not contain hospital beds but will serve aS a public health centre for about 15,000 peo- ple in the city and immediate district.

Marking the first time that Is-

intended to protect witnesses giv- ing controversial evidence from reprisal, a continge that could apply equally to ifformers on both sides and that will add to the commission's difficulties in establishing their credibility.

In the end, the commissioners report on a tter which has aroused e¢ al overtones far beyond the federation’s borders is likely to leave many of its readers unsatisfied, A task -f tremendous responsibility and little promised reward has taken

1 |

Help Develop - Visional Skill

s

VISUAL ADVENTURES

Simple everyday toys and events can help promote good vi- sion. Even a teether plays an important role in an infant’s first visual adventures, Later, a rattle aids coordinatioon between his eyes, ears and hands. Attaching a short, easy-to-handle string to it may teach the baby something &bout judging cistance. .

Asthe child begins to crawl, let him play with pots and lids on the kitthen floor. By placing the covers on the parious pots, he gets training in matching sizes and shapes.

WORKING PUZZLES:

As he grows older, a peg table is even better for this purpose. Moreover, it also teaches depth perception and color discrimina- tion early.

A pre-schoot chill can practice for reading by working jigsaw puzzles. While he won't actually be reading anything, he will be using the same eye movements.

As.for outdoor play when a child’s older, baseball, football, tennis, badminton and such, ‘2ach coordination, depth perception and speed of focusing and center- ing

I suggest that you check with an eyesight specialist to deter- mine the status of your young- ster’s visual development. He can recommend the toys and ac- tivities that will do the child the most good.

QUESSION AND ANSWER

A Reader: Is there something that will: remove hair from the face s> that it will not grow back again?

Answer: Most dermatologists prefer electrolysis for the per- manent removal of facial hair.

The Age Old Story

Now he which stablisheth us with you in Christ, and hath anointed us, is God; who hath also sealed us, and given the earnest of the Spirit in our hearts.

% land boys have been so honour- ed, Sgi Donald Thompson and Corporat Henry E. Brown, mem- bers of the No. 6 Air Cadet Squadron, Charlottetown, last night received their Air Cadet Wings from Squadron Leader G. R. F. Gross, Officer Commanding R.C.A.F. Station, Summerside.

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The Super

ative State

National Geographie Society

Alaska might. call itself the Su- perlative State: It is not only the newest and . biggest, but the youngest as well.

Its people have a median age of 26—3.8 years below that of the United States as a whole. Alaska has the highest birth rate and the lowest death rate, the big- gest percentage of babies, and the smallest percentage of old people, the National Geographic Society says. The birth rate stands at 35 per 1,000 population —10 points higher than the Unit- ed States average. The death rate is 5.8—almost four points below the national nate of 9.6. About 24 of every hundred ‘Alas- kans are under 5 years old; only four are over 65 years old. FEWER WOMEN ;

The 49th State has 16 males to every 10 females, ty far the largest proportion of males of any State. Three-quartens of its women are already married— the highest percentage of any State. In the rest of the United States only two-thirds of the wo men are married. :

Alaska has the smallest pope lation of any State—merely 211,- 000 people, according to the lat- est available estimate, compared to 16,229,000 in New York, the Nation’s most -populous State. But Alaska’s growth has been phenomenal. Between 1950 and 1957, the population jumped 64.3 per cent—the biggest increase of any State, and many times the 13-per-cent climb of the United States as a whole.

Alaska’s population is thinly scattered over its 586,400 square miles. It has only about one per- son per 2.8 square miles, compar- ed to 58.1 persons per square mile in the rest of the United States.

The purchase of Alaska from Russia was the biggest territorial expansion of the United States, except for the Louisiana Pur- chase. Today, Alaska represents almost one-fifth of the contin ental United States. :

The State has a 6,640-mile

MAXIMS

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