Vol. XV.

A Weekly Hournal of

**'This is truc Liberty, when Freeborn Men, having to advise the Public, may speak free.*---Enripides.

olitics,

oe

Hiterature, and

Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Monday, July 31, 1865.

New Series.---No.

—_—_—™

To Consumors of Gas. pik Directors of the Charlottetown Gas Light Company will loan, FREE of CHARGE, « Stoves

a few Patent Gas Cooking Conen ners

ke sirable AM) eco- |

desivons OT proving these mos

nowieai Gas Ranwes are requested to make an carly |

nt cation at the Gas Works, as only a li ited | ber wilt be disposed of ;

’ Ry order, WM. MURPIIY, Manager. | Ch'town, Jere 19, 1865 cinmenenindlihiy }

TESTIMONIALS —Refort or Committee oF

lietra Peorntrows, Pes tisugp iw Guy erR's Peooaesstve Aek, Cuicaco, Inn. — We. the nhasigned, present by Invitation, yesterday, to operation and working of the new

eas used for cooking purposes, were pres nt ? Ting A serice oft eX] erimente, nonr view fuily calling ont the utility of these Stover As the result of actual experiment the following was pertert ta : ‘

' Pleefstake was cooked in four minutes, its jutces and flavor retained ; and, further, the claim of the Snventor abundantly sustuined, by this process vouvh meat is rendered tender and delicious.

Quail were, in two instances, broiled in five rederates, and that to a turn.

Bread cut fresh from the new loaf was delicately browved in two minutes.

In each ease these viands would be pronounced deliciously and theroughly cooked. In the cuse of the meats, the exterior surfaces were coagulated | and rendered firm; the sabstance of the whole, whenfeooked, retaining their juices and flavor

In neither nor any case was there the faintest perceptible flavor or odor of gas in er about the Stoves, or in the food when cooked. We regard the process as entirely superior and succeseft Samest Hawk, Richmond Hous

Second Annual Gathering

} OF THE

Caledonian Elub of }).€.7.

AND

INTERNATIONAL COMPETITION.

Clann nan gaidheal, ri guailih a cheile ! Cater—His Excellency the Lieutenant Governor. Peston t—Hon. Col. Gray, M. P.P

and James Dunean, Esyr, M. P. P. Dirnecrors—N. Rankin, Andrew Mitchell, Colin McLennan, M. P. P., Jolin Rose, Adam Murray, Nei! McKelvie, John Sniberland, M. P. P., Ausuy McDonald, Esquires, and Hon. D. Beaton. Conagesron vine Secnetany—W. G. Sutherland, Esquire, M. D. Treasvrsr—J. W. Morrison, Esqr. Recoxnpine Secnetaky—Mr. George Rankin. Marsuat—William MeGill, Esq.

Gee. H. Fresca, ‘

WF. Tecken, | Briggs Hone

J. W. Hemesery, Massosoit House. A.M. Sropoaknd, Revere Hous Jous Wricurt, ** Anderson's.”

The cost of cooking by this method we append

Sraxparp Bearners—Messrs. James McDonald, itliam Robertsou aud George Manro Pirer and Messenoen—Donald MceFayden,

TH EF second annual Gathering of the above Clav will be held at Charlottetown, on

Wednesday, 16th August,

a made up from careful teats ve sterday, accepted bai wet tered: 12] tbs. bread cooked in 42 minates, cousmming 4 < sbic feet of gas, cost | cent. * Ibe steak brated in 5 miuutes, consaming } of a cubie |

,

of wae, cost ] of a cent consuming | cabix

I quart water boiled |

feot of gas

‘ : fou

fost

in %) puwetes ‘ } of 1 ceut M breakfast biscuit baked in 12 min les, CULSHQR Ug 4 Poot GF Eas, cert +) Mulis.

Having frequently < xamined the mode of ; of Saaw'eSreak-Beotten, ] have been led { conclasion that the tissues and integuments of tough west wre reptared und breken tiroug etlera af hashiv heated, even red hot ateaui, of

whieh thee gat flame is highly composed. At the }* first ineteat thie steam penetraiea and scald

the |

the

tien af the water forused, with the juices prod ced.

The gas-Came, as obtained in the devices of Mr. | Sbaw, ts the purest fame which art affords; and | there is aothing present, gas, which ean vive odor te, or any way iferfere with the)" i rodaction of the delictons Daveur of broiled ».eat.

This apparatas secures the greatest econeniy of fime in cooking steaks; it ment mene tender that in asy other mode of (roil- ing it, and, weth Che simy le noting of time, enubles the eook te produce with certainty any gradotion ‘ Respectfall y,

4)i effeet a Hates, I D., State Assayor

as Vapor of

renders

A.A 16 Bovisteon Street, Boston

tion } $

. . laden | varda— meat, avd the subsequent browning retains a por: | Prize $3

the wazhet INTERNATIONAL PRIZES

will be sabmitted for competition.

Granewick, Nova Scotia, Newfoundland and P. FE ’ islearned, respectively , tional Prizes to be Sevichwen or descendents of |

Seotchmen |

next, when the following Prizea will be offered fer competition :—

DETROIT CONVENTION. SPEECH OF HON. JOSEPH OWE.

eee

discoveries. There is hardly a foot of the

shores of this great body of waters that was

not explored by men of our race; and in every one of them, down to Champlain and

liberality which is an honor to any Govern- ment, has thrown open its trade, and says,

growing so fast and the demand for fish is so | followed the armies of your country that

great that we sell all that we ean get.

An extra of the Boston Post furnishes a|iivdscn, we have a common interest. But) the trade of these Colonics of mine, and 1) dollars; —since then it has sold for twenty it may be said, we have had wars between! will take no advantage which is not given to | dollars, and now at thirteen or fourteen doj-; New York: Is there an American eitizen

faved

‘carefully written synopsis of the proceedings lof the Commercial Convention at Detroit. | We have laid aside other matter to make room fer the speech delivered by the Hon. Joseph Howe, on behalf of British North America, ‘The address occupied two hours lin delivery. ‘Although the Convention has altogether harmonious in its proceedings,’’ says the Boston Journal, ‘the delegates have separated with the kindest feelings. Prob- jably such a gathering of commercial wisdom was never before assembled in this country, and rarely sach a body of intellectual men. | The speeches have been able and eloquent,and the deliberation characterized hy strict par- liamentary rules. Although the acts of the body do not really embrace authority to ac- | complish its desires, it is the serious opinion

Vice-Presipents — Hon. P. Walker, M. L. &.. of the majority of the gentlemen who com-

| posed it that they will have weight and in- | fluence with the President in arranging an equitable Reciprocity Treaty, and with Con- gress in providing for the Niagara canal— the two chief measures which it seeks to accomplish.”’

HON. MR. HOWE'S SPEECH ON RECIPROCITY.

Hon. Joseph Howe, of Halifax, addressed the Convention upon the resolutions reported by the Committee on Reciprocity. He said :

I never was called upon, Mr. President, to address upon a theme so lofty, so large a body of representative men. 1 see before me here the men who give life and animation to the commerce and finance of this great com- mercial country—the men who think in mil-

MUSIC—Proticiency in Highland Pipe Music :— lat Prize, $10; 2d do., $8; Jd do, B.

STONES—Putting the Stone, 24 lbs—Prize $5 ; Putting the Stone, 14 Ibs—Prize $3

HAMMEKS—Heavy Hawmers 16 |bs—Ist Prize 2d do. $3. Light Hammers, 12 lbs—Ist Prize | i; 2d do. $2. i DANCIN G—Gillie Callum or Sword Darice—$4 ; |

; High land Fling, $1.

LEAPING — Long Leap—Ist Prize, $2.50; 2d lo. $2. High Leap—ist Prize $2.50; 2d do. $2. | RACES — Running Foot Races, disiance 400; Ist Prize $5; 2d do. $2. Hurdle Race—Ist | ; 24 do $2. Sack Race —$2.50. Youths | rs—Ist Prize $2; 2d do $1 THE CABER—Prize 32.50. E. Island

under 16 ve TOSSING For the beat Highland Costame, P. nanufacture— Prize $.

Also, on the same day, the following

Open to four ompetitors frow the United States Canada, New Competitors tor the Interna-

lof my own heart, when I fullowed their pro-

lions. I see before me the men whose finan- cial skill comes to the aid and balwarks the Government whenever it is in peril or dis tress. 1 see the wen who have whitened the ocean and the great Jakes of the West with the sails of commerce; the men who own railroads, and canals, and telegraphs, who are spreading life and civilization over this

great country that a few years ago was a/Tesvlutions which are

wilderness. 1 see on either side of me the| representatives of that great institution which controls, to a large extent, the public opinion of this country—the young men who sit on the right and on the left, whom 1| know, because | belonged to their profession myself. [| know theirskill and their ability, because I can see it written in their faces. 1 |

‘can measure their ambition by the throbbing | British Government controlling this great

fession at their age. I know that sitting be-|

side me are the future Governors of States,

the future ambassador’ to foreign countries,

Snow Wrussan M. Lonise. oe i ammer, 16 Ibe—Ist Prize, $20.00; and it may be that this country may owe to W. FPF. Saaw —The Gas Cooking Range and the | - a he the-—lat Prize. $20; 2d do $10 } one vi the gentlemen on these b nehes tiie Gas Heminiz-Stoves of your inveution, which 1) 4). 4 Prive for ARCHERY. distanwe 40 varde | chief magistrate of some future day. So you| have used ile past four years, I cau anhesita:iugly | 5‘). competed: for by Ludies from ull cowatries |™4y understand how a comparatively un- | ay ideutitlly resembeeted thete, ae T laws fone t| & piece of Jewellery valued.at $12. ~ | trained Provincial feels awed im such a pre- | the bis thé tees bonmeniien! nad ‘eoueesicetl — isence as this. Bat I feel that the theme | cooking and heating apparatas I have ever met! . Competing Pipers are recuired to forward to Dr.! which brings us here —the great question witn a oe a ——— Phree Marches, Three} whi-h has got to be determined here—is of a in re Gas Caving Re pany ie ¥ auty cd thie a alte io af an Gus he — Ce Le ee wagnitude worthy of such an audience as : — ot anal pa - ate ye > cs - ial luter ling competitors whe are 1 t members of | this, a d worthy of your highest consider- not appear to Jose any ofthe weight. Ju the course | the Clab, are i guested to € . cnet mes,jation. It is to draw together the three great | of 4 seuset, 4s saving amocnts to quite an tet it nae pesnameny — anny aT A Capt }branches of the British family. When 1} Set ee ee men =o _ i, weit be wells ‘ati Lule age poe eat ee ee \lovk around me here | e&nnot mark in tbe | . ae tert bag ae aboreres * seeieels, ne lickets of udmission te the grounds, 25> cents} leature, the manner, or the speech of the |

Kesyextfally yours, each lo be bad wt the Stores ef Dr. Sutherluud | men before me anything to divide the | Boston. * " Ww. M. Logixc und W. R. Watson, or any of the Direetore. ;branches of thie great tamily. We have! san Minne Seed wi at f 1S” No admission without a ticket. | been tu seme extent divided, but this meet- I ang rd W. I Shaw's Patent Gus Smo hing “ = GEORGE RANKIN, Sec’y. | ing is to devise some means by which this | Seon” ne one of the nreatest inventions of the axe. | 2082 > 1965. \family way be brought together. | don't It is all you claim for it,—novel, economics! , aud _—« $8ee anything in the past or presen exceedingly conventem , : jmakee this a dificult task. Why, sir, for | Te ee eeare any aay Se Seenek ten thousand years this family was one, and | with plensnire wherever the Gas lron is ase “aud " : ; } tio hoasekseper will consent to be without it after b Ie ren are is there any reason, because it has been bro- giving i a trial ken into three Dranebes, that it should mot | Yuura, ke, DD. B. Cook. NIAITIUS be one? We recognize in the mystery of the |

From Mrs. W. W. Everta, Chicago.

It is with pieasure that I give my testimony to

the great value of the Gas Stove you are now of feriug to the public The Stove for irening | regard asa desideratam long needed in louse

The fatigue and exhaustion oceasioned by many ig-table, ina room |ieated is all spared by using irons

—

sours spent at the troni » the ordinary temperature, mr atove. which hens th« eaves a comfortable room This stove is equally suecessfal ag a breiler.— Mach more might be said in simple jastice to this great invention were if hecesrary Yours respectfully, Mre. W.W Eveurs.

~ ® E. ISLAND Steam Navigation Co's. Steamers Princess of Wales and Heather Be/le.

SUMMER ARRANGEMENT,

Commencing Monday, May 22,

qQuilcaiy, ald

—-

The Steamer ‘Princess of Wates’

EAVES Charlottetown for Summerside,

Shediae, Richibncto, Chatham and Newcastle, every MONDAY night, at eleven o'clock, reaehing Shediac in time for the morning train on Tuesday.

Leaves Shediac, for Kichibucto, at nine o elock ou TUESDAY morning, and Richibucto, for Chat ham and Neweastle, at one o'clock sume day, ar niving at Chatham and Neweastie same eveuing

Leaves Newcastle, for Shediac, at four o'clock ou WEDNESDAY morning, ealling at Chatham and Rickibucto on way down.

Leaves Shediac, for Sammerside and Ch iwlotte town, on WEDNESDAY afternoon, at bylf past two © elock, immediately on arrival of the lrain,

Leaves Carlottetown for Picton every TILURS- PAY mosaing, at balf-past nine; retarning, leaves Pietoa far Charlottetown, at 12 o'clock same night.

Leaves Charlottetown for Sammerside aid She diac, every ERIDAY morning at half-past eight o'clock.

Leaves Shediae, for Summerside and Cl irlotte town, at half-past two every SATURDAY after noon, arriving at Charlottetown at half-past ten same night.

The Steamer ‘Weather Belle’ L.caves Charlottetown for Pictoueveryv MONDAY morning at balf-past vine. , Leuves Picton same evening—on arrival about six e’elock—tor Charlottetown. Leaves Charlottetown for Brule every THURS. DAY and SATURDAY mornings, at five o'clock ; returning to Charlottetown sade eveuings imme diate/-y after arrival of Mail at Brale, at about five o clo’k in the evening Sveawer ‘leather Belle’ also runs to Mount

£ Mail,

Per Steamers ‘Princess of Wales’ and.

i ‘Heather Belle.’

SUMMER ARRANGEMENT.

ue MAILS for the neighbouring Pro- vinees, ete, will, until further notice, be wade up as follows :—

For Nova Seotia, via Picton, THURSDAY mornings, at 9 o'clock Brule, on WEDNESDAY and FRIDAY evenings, | at & o'cloek.

For New Brunswick, Canada and the United States, via Shediac, on MONDAY eveninys, at 8 o'clock; and on FRIDAY mornings, at 4 o'clock.

For Great Britain, Newfoundland. the Bermudas and the West Indies, every alternate WEDNES- DAY evening, at 3 o'clock, as follows: -- Wednesday, 1th May, Wednesday, 2nd August,

on MONDAY and Also, via |

” 24th . * ” th i* & os 7th June, ae. 4% ” ist “ ” 13th Sept. oe ith July, Me re _ Sth °°

L. C. OWEN, Posmaster General. General Post Office, 29th May. 1865.

CVTry LOAN. RESOLUTION having passed the City

+A Council for effecting a LOAN of

FOUR THOUSAND POUNDS, for the ro of erecting a PUBLIC MARKET HOUSE: Tenders will be received at the office of the City Clerk, from persons willing to lend the said sot, or any part thereof—not less than ONE HUNDRED POUNDS—to the City of Charlotie- town.

The tenders to express the amount of the sum proposed to he lent, with the rate of interest

The payment of the prineipal will be seevred by Debentures, under the seal of the City, payable ten vears from date, with the interest half-yearly from the general fundsof the Corporation. E

By order PETER MACGOWAN, City Clerk. Charlottetown, 29th May, 1865. tf

Boots and Shoes. |

ED E subscriber has received from London a very large Stock of the above GOODS, in Men’s Elastic Side Meme}, Calf and Kid Pa- tent; Women’s, in Kid, Cashmere, Memel and Lasting, from 6s. 6d. per pair and upwards W. E. DAWSON.

May 29. 1+65.

JUST RECEIVED,

Stewart Bridve and Ree ky Point, on the Hille

borough River, every Tugespar and Fxripay —being

Market days.

FARES:

From Charlottetown to Pix tou, or back—Cabin 12s, Steeruye 10s. 6d

Charlottetown to Steerawe 7a 6d

Charlottetown to Summerside, or back—Cubin 9s. Steerage 7s 6d

Brule, or back — Cy

bin 9s,

Charlottetown to Shediac, or back — Cubin 18s, May 22. tf HENRY HASZARD. Steerage 15s LS TT TL LL a Charlottetown to Riehibueto, or back 25.00 ye . ew ! “ Sedona: o taek. #”| Oloth Mactory! ee? fe, ere, iP $00 | CINE SUBSCRIBER begs respectfully to epiatiane Ri aieeeitent = +. inform the public that he will continue to a; Mi ~“ ae - 2.00} manuufactare CLOUTII, &e., xt his establishment in Siramicit, “eo 3 00} Tryon. Wool will be received in Charlottetown

Ch'town to St. John, or back—£1

De Kaatport, do

Do Portiand, do 2 1s Od,

Do Boston, do 2 lbs od,

FAKES — FREIGHT. Charlottetown to Saumerside, Is per bar Lio Shediac, Richibucto das De & Miramichi, §~“* aa, Shediac to Richibacto and Miramichi, Rervas Tickers to or frou Charlottet Sawmerside, 12s, available one week. void if parties leave the Island duriny the time. Excuaston Retunn Tickers, at one first class

fare, may be issued at any Ticket Office. to parties of tive or more Kelng aud returning together, to aud from any one stution within one week, it being dis tinctly understood that unfess these cond ions are complied with, the Tickets will be void. _ Season Tickets may be purehused at (fice for individuals or families.

By order, F. W. HALES, Sec’y. _Charlottetown, May 29, 1365. ~

Ra Phd I i7vs 6d, oF 6.00 or 3.00

or 9.00

‘| bulk,

is ti do

do

le Gd, do

wn and Tickets

Wishing Tackle.

B ; Barque Undine | have RECEIVED cent SING Robs, CASTING LINES. FLIES, offered ve lows ae oy DESBKISAY® .

or 4 Si) by H. W Culbeck, Avent, or at the Mill

From the Manufactory, x LBS. ROOFING FELT 5000 60 Bbls. ROOFING PITCH.”

Parties requiring Roofs covered will please leave their orders with Mr. E. R. Taytor, Water

Street, who will guarantee satisfaction aud dispatch in exeenting the sume.

0 Cloth received for Dyeing and Dressing as heretofore.

CHARLES E. STANFIELD.

May 22, 1865. tf

Union Bank of P. E. Island, ’OTICE is hereby given that a DIVL- DEND of Seven and ove bali per centum, on the paid up Capital Stock of this Bank, for one half year ending this day, hath been this day de- clared ,ayable to the Stockholders, on and alter MONDAY, the 5th instant.

JAMES ANDERSON, Cashier.

Union Bank, P. E.1., June 1, 1365.

WATCHES and JEWELLERY. UST RECEIVED from ENGLAND,

of best quality, aud for sale at a low price— Ilorizontal Watches in Silver Causes,

4 holes jewelled,......--..--.- £310 0

Do in Hunting Cases,.......-...--- 40 0 English Levers,.......-.-+--+.0--- 9 00 Watch ¢ and Keys, Finger Rings, Steel Ear Kings Brooches, Gents’ Pins in great variety, by

A. PURCHASE, Watchmaker, Smardon’s Corner.

| within the last century some divisions. Your | ‘'' | We send plaster and coal, we send fish ald

Trinity that upoa which our salvation de-| pends, and the triune clover leaves that lilt themselves to the sun and dew, draw their | nourishment still {rom a single stem, For, two thousand years we were all one people. For two thousand years the stream of our} blood and language comingled, and separated, | and came together again, to animate the old | world by its energy and its civilization. | Now, sir, it ig true that there have come}

country and mine at the Revolutionary war became divided. We had our Goat Island to separate the stream. Let us look over | this broud expanse of waters drawn from the | same mountain range far distant. ‘hey come down through Lake Michigan and Lake Huron, past the Pictured Rocks of Lake Sa- perior, and float downward to the sea, split but once or twice by Goat Island or Anti- costi, and at last reach the ocean upon which the waves ride, and rising again make the clouds in heaven. But, sir, will any man undertake to say that beeause there is Goat leland and Anticosti splitting that noble stream that waters our shores, that God in- tended and that man should endeavour to make twoSt. Lawrences? Now, just so, sir, it ig with the stream of our destiny, We have been one so long and so often, and upon so many glorious occasions that we ought to be more proud to be one than two. There is hardly a page of history on which the ac- chieyements of our common ancestors are not recorded. ‘hey stood together at the hattle of Hustings; they fought for the se- pulchre of Christ side by side ; they fought the battle of the Roses side by side, and stout battles they were some of them. We wear our white or red roses now, and question no man’s joyalty. Now, Mr. Chairman, allow me to say, |, as an Englishman, am proud of the great pages of my country’s history, and [um proud that yuu and [| share all these great pages as & Common inheritance.

There is hardly a great achievement in which we have not @ common pride. We won the great charter together; we won the bill of rights together, and the trial by jury, and a free press, and all the institutions which have fuunded our liberty and defeud- ed it. We have in our civilization on this continent two important elements that should be sources of strength, not of weakness. ‘The hardy German population have flowed into those Western countries, and they make a large proportion of your industrial force and your social life. Does an Englishman object to that? Certainly not. The Province 1 come from has one county entirely German, where that language is spuken, and the tra- ditions of that race are preserved. We had no freedom in Kngland till it came in with the German braneh of that family which now sits upon the throne. We are now standing on the site of an early settlement that was parely Freneh, and in the provinces that we represent we have a large body of French. Do we not know that in bringing in the speech and traditions of France, we are drawimg from one of the purest fountains of masculine life that we can draw from to enrich the common stock! No country is more distinguished for arts and arms than Fran‘e ; and if we have million a of them in the British Provinces, we are proud to say that the race will not be deteriorated by the contact. 1 will not weary you by these pre- liminary observations farther than to say that we are bound together by a common li- terature. If we boast our Tennyson, you boast your Longfellow — both writing the same language. Every contribution from your country adds animation to the literature of ours. Every book and work of art on our side, adds life and emulation to genius on this side. Our history is one; our laws are largely the same, drawn from the same emi-

May 8, [s65.

Charlottetown, Oct. 31, 1861,

nent jurists that from Mansfield to Story have preserved common sense m the language of Jaw for the guidance of our common coun- try and the preservation of our common rights. And we haye a common pride in our

| these two countries ; and so we have.

war of 1812 lasted three years, and then | other branch of this subject. Citizens of this| employ nine thousand men, and the value of there was a certain number of people killed, | country may build in any of those norts a} the fish, instead of being Jess than a million not been | But what of that? There have been more | steamer or sailing vessel, and the Govern- | dollars is five million dollars. We have been people killed in a single campaign in your} ment will give it the charter of a British | mastered in another direction, and [ must

late civil war than were killed in your two national wars put together.

You hope to draw together the elements which have produced this civil war, and make your people ofe, and in that task I wish you God speed! (Hear, and applause.) L hope to see that, and because you have fought four years and tested each others valor, and proved each others courage, that is no reason at all why you should not be one, and turn these old war stories into ma- terial for poetry and romance, and live to- gether in peace and harmony. Just as I hope that will come, just as I believe that will come about, so 1 believe we ought to rub out everything that is disagreeable in the recollection of our Revolutionary and Napoleonic wars, and that we sbould only dwell upon those passages of our past lives which are charming to contemplate, and which have a tendancy to unite us as one people for all time. Ll ought to thank the citizens of this great city, and the Board of | Trade of this city, and the members of the Convention here geae@lly, for the invita- tion extended to us, and the kindness we have received since we haye been here, and the perfeet fairness shown to us by every gentleman here. I take this opportu- nity to return the thanks of the delegations from all the Provinces, for the uniform fair- ness and courtesy with which we have been received. (Applause.) And I feel that I am dealing with a body of men whose time 18 precious, and will proceed to what I have | to say on the sabject of reciprocity and the} before you. Mr.

The|the United States.’’ | Revolutionary war lasted eight years, and / coasting round the British Empire, but we, | of two hundred and fifty sail, as you had be- | there was a certain number of battles and alif we bring a cargo to vou, must unload | fore the treaty, you have now six hundred | parte number of people killed. And the! where the vessel stops. Let me look at an-| sail employed; instead of 2750 men you now

|ship by being registered in any port of the | British Empire.

In peace this is a great advantage, and in war—supposing Great Britain to be neutral —it isa protection. Let me give an instance to show the working of the system. There is a steamer plying between Boston and ports /in Nova Scotia, calling at Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island. Two of them, my friend says. They call at St. Catherine’s and:Charlottetown; and, in point of fact, perform a perfect coasting trade all around these two colonies, We not only admit that, but the government of New Brunswick gives the steamers eight thousand dollars a year for the service. Now I say, that it is clear that before we adopted the reciprocity treaty at all, Great Britain had extended to this country privilegesot incalculable value. The reciprocity treaty was a special arrangement forced upon both countries. The trouble arose from the difficulty of measuring boun- daries upon the sea. You may measure land and set up metes and bounds everywhere. But when you come to deal with the moving element of the ocean, it is a different thing. L need not enter upon a history of this ques- tion. It has been given by Lorenzo Sabine, in the very able reports of the Boston Board of Trade. It is sufficient to know that for forty years these inshore fisheries were in controversy between the two governments ; that every year American fishing vessels were

| }

seized and driven off; that the difficulties

say our American cousins are not wanting in shrewdness.—One question that has come before you here is how to prevent smuggling Well, for a long time your duties were lower than ours. What happened then? Why our friend Sabine said he was bred a emug- |gler and he could'nt carry on trade at East- | port without being one. The whole coast of | Maine and Massachusetts was engaged in the bus:aess, and small blame to them for it! for, after all, sir, though # revenue officer has no respect for a smuggler, | am not quite sure that a political economist ought not to have some respect for him. Any country that raises its tariffs too high, will be kept in order by smugglers. You have been compell- ed to enlarge your National expenditures and increase your taxation, and I am not sure it would not pay a person to smuggle, but you are entitled to protect yourself against it. One of the objections to allowing your fisher- men to enter our harbours, was, that it gave you unlimited power of smuggling, and you may use that power to what extent you please. ¥ou have many Yankee potions, and among them is a terrible spirit called ‘* white eye.’? Your vessels come to our harbors with their holds filled with salt, and under the salt is that dangerous ‘ white eye.”’ We didn’t complain of that, but we did the next best thing. In principle and practice we are all free-traders. We in the maritime Provinces maintain our Govyern- went, and have an overflowing treasury, and

tended ultimately to the employment of a naval force. The British naval officers were called to discharge duties which they saw

Lowe then proceeded to read from a paper which be held in his hand, frequently tarn- ing from it to enlarge upon the various branches of his subject. The British Go- vernment controls the destinies and regulates the trade of two hundred and fifty millions of peuple distributed over the four quarters of the globe. Now in what spirit have the

commercial country, dealt with the people

of the United States? They have extended te them all the privileges of the most favored nations, and on the most easy terms, and | provide that the Provinces of Great Britain |

| Shah not discriminate against the products

of this country even in favor of herself Year after year the highest financial skill | and science has been employed to discover | bow our tarif could be simplified. Year by} year taxes are reduced or abolished upon |

b dy of the people. is sent into this country duty free. Lt should | be borne in mind that all eereale, ground or |

States, but to all parts of that widely ex- teuded country. There may be a flour duty

vf any. It is sometimes said that b-eause

taken off in return. Now Great Britain takes an enormous quantity of breadstuffs from this country and dues not ask from you the privilege which some persons claim from us. Itis perfectly obvious that if we are compelled to take your manufactures into our country, then you ought to take the wanufactures of England; and you know that you could not do that because you must raise your revenue and protect your industry.

We could not do it because it would be un- just to my ceuntry, as we must raise a re- venue. Mr. Morrill, of Vermont, was totally ustray upon the subject. Le says—* We iraport from the Colontes more of vur articles than they take from us."’ hat was true.

wlong the coast of this country. You don’t send uny back to us, because you haven't gotany ty send. And now. how does the trade gy en. A man from Nova Scotia with # load of plaster drops into Portland or Boston and sells his load of plaster rocks. You grind thems up, make a manufactured article of it, ship it all over the country and get a profit of twice the value of the original rocks we bring to you. The man trom} Nova Scotia, the moment he has made the sale, buys your manufactures. He wants a few thirgs for his family, and to sell to his neighbors, and will come back with bis little plaster vessel loaded with ali sorts of things, hay-rakes, wooden ware, furniture and all sorts of things which come from this eountry. You cannot go into a farmers house in Nova Scotia but you see the cheap Jiterature and photographs of thiscountry, We don’t take your quack medicines, because our climate is heaithy and we don’t need them. Mr. Morrill had not a shade of foundation for his remark, because the trade has actually stimulated all your manufactures. In the department of economic science. Great britain has made advances far exceeding those of any other country. Frane: and the United States continue to foster their fish- eries by higs bounties, but she leaves her fishermen toy meet the unfair competition to which they are subjected by this system France maintains by bounties upon the banks of Newfoundland and the shores of North America ten thousand men, and you give ‘bounties, while our Provincial fishermen | have to enter our markets and your markets jand compete with you against the full force and effect of high boanties upon your side ; and it is creditable to our fishermen that {they have been able by strict economy, by nightly and daily toil, to maintain the position, and are gradually and steadily increasing in efliviency of craft. But it will be seen that while we have increased our numbers, your trade has steadily increased, and never was it in a more flourishing con- dition than now. Great Britain throws open to this country the coasting trade of the en-

no mortal men could perform, and the only result would have been collisions, controver- sies, angry questions, and ultimately war; and after we had spent four or five millions in war, we would make a new treaty; and therefore | was glad this question was settled in this manner. It was not settled much to the satisfaction of the maritime provinces, whose fisheries were given up, Passing over fisheries, the Canadians, seeing that the stap- les of the United States were admitted, only claimed that their products should puss into the United States. The maritime provinces admitted breadstuffs duty free, and manufac- tures at a Jow rate; claimed that their manufactures should be admitted on the same terms, and that their tonnage should be ad- mitted and registered in the United States. Mr. Seymour, in his speech, objected that Canada had raised her tariff. Why did she

special intervention of Mr. Marcy our fisher-

cessful.

carry on our public works with a tariff of ten per cent upon everything. We havea few specific duties but the general revenue is raised upon a duty of ten per cent. The only way we can prevent smuggling is by having a tariff so low that it is not worth anybody’s while tosmuggle. Nothing was more plausible than for your government to say :—‘* 1f you let us fish in your harbours, we will let you fish in ours.’’ [t was like a farmer endeavouring to exchange his exhaust- ed farm for a new and fresh one. You have had the full benefit of our fiisheres. We have never takena cargo of fish in the whole time out of your waters.

Mr. Howe also showed that through the

men had been allowed the privileges of the treaty before it was ratified, while its bene- fics had been refused to the Provinees. He then spoke of the general results of the treaty. As a measure of peace it has been most suc- There has been no intrusion, no

When ** you are both dear and interesting to me;|l went to Halifax 1 could buy a barrel of you are both taembers of my family ; take | mackerel for what we call a blue note—four}

articles of necessity consumed by the great) raise that tariff. The people of Canada are i notice that some of | ambitious of being up to the condition of this the writers in the Weet complain that wheat | country, and the public mind has been stirred

junground, are not only admitted to the| pelled to advance, and has pressed forward British Isles duty free from the United| the public works until the colonial railroads contrast fovorably with any country of the . same population. in some of our Colonies, but J am not aware! done wituout money, and money had to be

this country admits the productions of the’? made in Congr-ss the other day by a gentle- t that Canadian Proviness free, the duty should be! man from A‘aine, | think.

Canada had got so rich out of this reciprocity

rival squadrons guarding boundaries not pos- sible to find. It bas settled amicably the last boundary question which the Governments of Great Britain and the United States ever had in dispute. The trade has increased till it has reached four hundred and sixty millions in nine years. Who can predict the extent to which it will spread if this spirit of reci- procity is continued. They talk about the balance of trade, but I have come to the con- I saw a speech | clusion that it will adjust itself. As long as people continue to trade, it must be for their interest to trade, and for their material ad- vantage,and if there isany balance the returns show that to the extent of forty-five millions

up for railroads and other public improve- ments, and the Government has been com-

But all this could not be borrowed and interest paid.

He said that

treaty, that she had been building enormous lines of railroads, and spent fifteen million dullars upon them. He did not know that ten millions came from British capitalists. With regard to the tariff, Canada is doing only this: Suppose Canada has spent money, or British capitalists bave spent money, a large part of it has been given to build the Grand frunk Railway to Portland, which has built up that city at avery rapidrate. he inter- ests of Canada, and not ber desire to violate the reciprocity treaty, have compelled her to raise her import duties.