. at: if ll . . 2 i 1

PAGIKKII. . THE oussuum

um: and us"-Islls III-nut. 5.- Associate data. was svsisu "The Strongest Memory ll Wssku Mu U00 Weakest Ill.”

cnssi.o'r-ra-wwn nmsv. oc'r. so, use "ht

At a time when we are hearing much about ”the liberation of Tibet" if speaker before the Royal Empire Society in Lon- don has thrown some interesting side- lights on that land which desires merely to preserve the liberty it already possesses.

Sir Basil Gould, C.M.G., C.I.E. (Political Officer in the Indian province of Sikkim, and for Bhutan and Tibet, 1935-1945) stres- sed that Tibet while it has always had its oivn strong individuality, is also a place in which have been treasured up and develop- ed many of the best influences of ancient India and China throughout the ages.

It has a common frontier with India-of almost 2,000 miles. Roads are almost non- existant, as is the national debt. There is instead a national credit which the Tibetan Government lends out to, traders. The chief produce is wool, for which the prin- cipal market is the United States. The Pi- betans are extremely hospitable and at ev- ery point scarves of white silk are ex- changed with the visitor, the silk in its whiteness indicating the purity of one's in- tentions. "

The people were once formidable war- riors, but about thirteen hundred years ago received the holy scriptures of Buddhism and have for well over a thousand years managed to avoid war. There is difference of opinion on many matters, such as mar- riage, and the Tibetan likes to live his own life and not be controlled. The Dalai Lama is head of church and state, a dual.ty which extends right through the social order. He is also regarded as the personification of the Godhead.

.There is another personification of the Godhead, the Tashi Lama, who has, how- ever, no political'power, the only govern- ment being that of the Dalai Lama. It was a Dalai Lama who discovered and in- stituted the first Tashi Lama (or Panchen Lama). i

The Chinese are pressing the claims of a boy to be recognized as Tashi Lama but he and his party are outside Tibet in Chin- ese territory and, indeed, many of his fol- lowers have long been in Chinese pay and have never even seen the Tashi Lama's hereditary seat near Shigatse.

Dangerous courtesy

Courtesy is, after all, the expression of intelligence and thoughtfulness as contrast- ed with boorish clumsiness. It can never be a slavish adherence to that which cus- tom has by changing conditions converted from what would once have been a thought- ful act into one which causes pain.

Examples are not rare but a notable one is the charming custom of a gentle-

yman opening the car door for a lady be- fore himself going around to the driver's .seat. It enabled him to see her safely aboard, tucked in with driving rugs against the rigors of a 20 m.p.h. drive in an open horseless carriage.

Today the practical effect of this ges- ture is to endanger the life of the gallant escort, not to speak of his car door, by entering from the traffic side instead of from the curb. Milady would gladly waive her right to enter first in the interest of keeping her escort in one piece.

Further, the accepted practice, even if it does not result in an accident, will prob- ably be the cause of tortured nerves in other drivers passing at the time and, who knows, it might be another fair lady who is so thoughtlessly disconcerted.

lligli Cost Of Dying

The Professional Pallbearers Associa- tion, passing up amalgamation with the American Federation of Labor's grave- diggers and casketmakers. Fecently voted unanimously to join the A. F. of L. as 8 separate unit. Object of the Professional Pallbearers Association will he to make all funerals union funerals, with relatives and friends permitted to act only iisi honor- ary pallbearers.

Members of the" Pallbearers union must bcsix -feet tall, weigh 130 pounds. and N

,lnto a size 40 suit.- Union psllbeanng rates

vsry with the dress. For morning coat and ,-. pinstripe trousers,-it is--S4. Grey flannel la, ogmgg slightly cheaper at 83.00. ordinary ; blue suits fetch only 33.

wt IURIAI. sun-s

Chinese Communist ftrces have been ordered to "free the inhabitants of Tibet from oppression." It is significant that the ia.test land to be so favored is many miles from the sea and totally lacking in flying fields.

Nova Scotia's apple growers are await- ing with interest the result of a test case which will decide whether the farmer can set up roadside stands away from his farm as an alternative to dealing with the mar- keting board.

A month of dry weather is reported to have reduced late blight damage to po- tatoes to about one-third of what it might otherwise have been. just take an up turn the farmer --will be happy.

There is no pessimism in the make-up of Mr. F. R. McLaine who has speculated in property in the centre of Charlottetown because he is satisfied it will prove a good investment. He anticipates that this sec- tion, of which the Provincial Building is the centre, will develop into one of the busiest areas of the city.

The drop in potato shipments reflects in part, at least, the improved storage fa- cilities on the Island. Farmers are no longer forced to ship into temporarily de- moralized markets but are in a relatively strong position to move their potatoes as and when the market seems attractive.

O O 0 Home and School associations fulfill a most useful purpose in keeping parent and teacher at one in their efforts to educate their children and pupils. On the larger field of educational policy, however, we have other and possibly more effectively democratic methods of administration. County or Provincial associations would lose their immediate interest in particular youngsters and become simply a pressure group.

I The British Labour Government have at length shut down on free medical treat- ment for visitors from abroad. Immigra- tion officers have been told to refuse ad- mission to foreigners coming to Britain merely to get free treatment from theliNa- tional Health Service. The new policy was announced by Health Minister Aneurin Be- van, who has often faced criticism that the taxpayer foots the bill if people visit Bri- tain to get operations "on the cheap.”

O

Captain Cook, British navigator, born this date 1728; entered the Navy in 1755, and was a lieutenant on the Endeavour which sailed for the South Pacific in 1768. He explored the coasts of New Ze-iland and East Australia, of which he took possession in the name of Britain, naming it New South Wales; returned by the Cape of Good Hope; and later sent out as Com- mander of Resolution which had a marvel- lous voyage of discovery in which the old idea of a southern continent was destroyed. The use of anti-scorbutic measures for the first time prevented heavy death toll among the crew. Captain Cook was killed at Hawaii on his last voyage in 1776-9.

0

I Nine years ago, on October 27, 1941, the British troopship "Awatea", carrying a Canadian Expeditionary Force of almost 2,000 men under Brig. J. K. Lawson, sailed from Vancouver for Hong Kong. The force was comprised of two battalions of infantry -the 1st Bn. Winnipeg Grenadiers, and the Royal Rifles of Canada-and a brigade headquarters. Officially known as "C" Force, the contingent arrived in Hong Kong on November 16. Three weeks later, on December 8, the Canadians found them- selves with the rest of the Hong Kong gar- rison engaged in a full-scale war. The Canucks distinguished themselves during the bitter two-day battle of Wogneichong Gap but suffered heavy casualties. Prac- tically the whole of the Brigade HQ staff, including Brigadier Lawson, was killed and one company of the Winnipeg Grenadlers suffered 80 per cent casualties. By the 22nd the position was all but hopeless. Members of the garrison, after two weeks continuous battle, were desperately tired, and the supply situation, especially water, had become critical as the chief reservoirs had fallen into Japanese hands. On the 23rd, one day's supply was all that re- mained, but the defenders continued to cling to their positions through the 23rd and 24th. On Christmas Day, with all hope of warding off disaster gone, the vslisnt Hong Kong garrison surrendered. or the Canadians taken prisoner, 137 died tlltmlh malnutrition snd other causes in

tsil of Canadian dead in defence of Hong to out . ,. ..

Jsp, iprlson'cr' of waricsmps, bringing the ..,.m

Now if markets will .

(-1THa

AND OUR SVM

PATHV 1'0 THOSE OM WHOM IT To Do THE 5Ei7.QN6.'

f

ft.'.T3v

I'D.-.-..'.4'ln'lu'-'i-'tu'in'bI'if-'a-'Vin'1uMn'N-'&VIh PUBLIC FORUM if 3-

This column is open to the discussion by wuespondents of questions of interest. The Guardian docsnot necessar- Ily undo the opinion of rrcspondcnls.

gb u EARLIEST BRITISH BORN

Sir.-Your article under "Old Charlottetown" in issue of 25th inst. again brings up the question as to who was the first British citizen born on P. E. Island. There seems to be no doubt from your article and from other sources that John Webster, Jr. was born at Fort Amherst on zlst or 24th October, 1760. There is however doubt as tothc exact date of birth of colonel John Frederick Holland. the eldest son of Captaln- I-Iollandwsurveyor of this Island. who is also claimed by some to be the first British subject born on the Island. According to article on the Hai- land family which appeared in your issue of l4t'h July last Col- onel Holland was born on the Is- land on Zlth October. 1764. which would only be about three weeks after the surveyor landed here. I have seen no reference to the ar- rival on the Island of the wife of surveyor Holland with him on the ship Canceaux on 5th October. 1764. to undertake the survey. It is doubtful if he would bring her to the Island in those days. when she was shortly to give birth to a child. The following istaken from the Register of Burials of St. Pauls Church in this City: "Lieutenant Colonel John Frederick Holland died at Charlottetown December 1731,, 1355, and was buried on the 19th. Aged 85 years." SKd- 3- 0- Jenltins, Rector. H "The Islander" of 20th Decem- ber. 1845. referring to death and burial of Colonel I-Iolland says he was 87 years of age and the only surviving member of the survey- or's family. In your article of July 1359 "I was stated tlist some claimed he died in Quebec. The entry in Church register and item in "The Islander" disproves that claim. All seem sgreedihat Colonel Holland died 17th December. 1845. If the Church register is cor- rect he was born in 1760. If "The Islander" is corrwt he was born in 1758-in either case some years before the surveyor arrived on the Island. It appears doubtful if Colonel Holland was born on the Island. This letter is written in the hope that it may lead to fur- ther information on the subject. I am. Sir, etc.

T. E. M.

Charlottetown. 26th Oct.. 1950.

Intelleeluals In Brita in

(Windsor Star)

One of the strengths of the La- bor Party in Britain is that it is not. in the strict. narrow sense. I Labor party at all. It has achiev- ed power only because it has been able to attract to it voters who are not members of any union. Economics Minister l-Iuzh Gait- skeil has been promoted to the rank of the Chancellor of the Ex- chequer, succeeding Sir Stafford Cripps. This again emphasizes the important role in the Labor Party played by the intellectuals. Sir Stafford, of course, was one of the most brilliant minds in Bri- tain. educated. first in science and then in law. Mr. Gaitskell. I graduate of Oxford University. formerly was a lecturer at that university.

The Labor Party never could have attained office in Britain had it not had the support of s strong group of intellectuals. And this association is not new. The old Fabian Society, launched in the latter part of the llith century. in- cluded such men as George Ber- nard Shsw, H. G. Wells snd Sid- ney Webb. That society encour- aged the unions to go into politics.

One has but to glance at the Bri- tish Cablnet to see the strong in- fluence tho intellectuals exert an the psi-ty. The list is replete with university grsdusies, msny of whom once wars the "old school tie.” Prime M' ' f Clement Attics. s product of the upper mid- dle clsss, like Mr. Gsitskell is so

Oxford grsdusle.

Others from Oxford include Commonwealth llslstions Hints- tst P. G. Gordon-walker: Minio- tsr of Stats 1!. G. lfoungorichstro also of the Basra of"l'rsdo inr- old Wilson; Wsr lllniotir J Btrstchsy (who. lviicnjtdifo wss s count-vstlvs lstsr incoming s unfst sndtbon s

,CsmbridgoAli.IrolvItslty- lo M ffendsrsoot Fuel Ills t lfosln

,'.

s.

In

Two Tragedies

There are certain animals, birds and plants in the world which have reached such 3 low level in num- her that they are in serious danger

the world has sustained through the extinction of certain species was referred to by Dr. Maurice Burton, keeper of the British Mu- seum's Natural History section, in a speech over the British Broad- casting system. Hc told his world- wide audlence of men and women that these precious things must not vanish if it is at all possible to save them.

one of the tragic facts is that of-- ten ii; is difficult to save a species because it has sunk below the den- ger line. Burton cited two instances of birds wiped out in recent times, each case illustrating an important principle.

The first of these was the heath hen of North America. so reduced that it occupied only is small ter- ritory in the eastern United States, known as Martha's Vineyard, Sub- scriptions were taken up and peo- ple glsdly dcnated money to buy the vineyard and endow it for all time.

0 I 0

It looked as if the heath lien was saved from extinction when,sud- denly a disaster occurred. There was a plague of goshswks and dis- ease broke out among the prairie hens and finally fire swept Mar- tha's Vineyard. The heath hen was a tight nester and not even fire could induce her to leave her nest The fire cccurred when the heath hens were sitting, all the hens per- ished on their nests. The heath .hen is now extinct and its passing shows how adverse circumstan s may wipe out an entire species.

The passenger pigeoifs case was referred to. Countless millions of these pigeons existed in 1832, one flock alone being of an estimated 2.000.000.0043 birds. Unfortunately for the species. the birds were mar- ketable and salted-down carcasses were sent for sale in the cities. Slaughter was on a prodigious scale and still they seemed to be very numerous. By 1875 they were killed in huge numbers and yet 20 years later they had been so reduced that killing the birds was prohibited.

0 o o i Finally the story is told. The last. passenger pigeon was seen alive in 1906 in the United states. ,Next. year the last one of the species was seen in Canada. By 1914 the last. cne in captivity died in the Cincin- nati zoo,

The moral is that numbers alone cannot ensure survival in the face of persecution. said Dr. Burton.

Every country has its raretles of animals and plant life. To preserve that heritage the utmcst protection is required, so that the heritage of wild animals and fowl and wild plant life ''Is not further reduced by persecution,” neglect or careless- ness." Dr. Burton made clear.

This study of conservation oc- cupies a great deal of attention to- day before it is too late. Animal, foret and soil wealth is the sub- ject of intense study today.

Glasgow University produced Sec- retary of State for Scotland Hec- tor Mclleil; Cardiff University. Pensions Minister H. A. Mar- quand: Geneva University, At- torney-General Sir Hartley Shaw- cross.

Not all. of course. are high-born. But they do not come, with rare exceptions, from the lower econ- omic order. Working men could not afford to 'send their sons to Oxford or Cs:nb.rid.g9.

The trodes unions are represent- ed by Foreign Minister Ernest Bevin; Health Minister Aneurin Bevan; Defence Minister Emanuel Shinwell; Food Minister Maui-ice Webb and others. Lord President of" the Council Herbert Morrison and Supply Minister 6. R. Strsuu come up through the London County Council. Ti-snspo t Minis- ter A. Barnes represents the co- operative movement. Many of these possess bi-illlsnt minds.

But the infusion of the intellec- tuals from the upper and middle classes gave the Lsbor Psi-ty so sppssl to others thsn union mun- bsrs. it provided the Psi-ty with s lsi-gs supply of bi-sins st

?

some time. One of the problems of Prime lnlstsr Attics has been his lisepl of s fine balance in

his Cabinet. retaining a sufficient number of union members.

ITALIAN TIAOTOII POI II. I.

of becoming extinct. The loss which '

. Weed Gum ws.u.s

Free to lull souls the hidden beauty cs

The sea thrift dwelling on her spray-swept height,

The lofty rose, the low-grown aconlte,

The gliding river and the stream that brawls . Down the. sharp -cliffs with con- stant bresks and falls-

All these are cquallin the unequal

ll hi.--

I All water: mirror the one Innnite.

God m e a garden; it was men buit walls.

But the wide sea from men is wholly freed;

Freely the great waves rise and storm and break.

Nor softller go for sny landlord's need. miser's sake

And none hath profit of the brown sea-weed.

But all things give themselves, yet none may take.

-libs Gore-Booth. Old Charlottetown IAnd P. u. I.)

l

.1.-,vvQ

THE CllAP'.El. CLOCK"

"We heard on" Wednesday even- ing last. the sound of a bell, more silvery in its tons than that of the other bells of the City, and, were at s loss to know from whence it proceeded, when, glancing at the tower of the Catholic chapel. and seeing a dls.l-qplate with gold hands and numbers, we . " f f having heard that a clock had been imported from" the United states, and placed therein 1 day or two previously. ,

'iWe have been informed that the movements are of s superior

sfinish, both as regards workman-

shlp and material, every pains hav- ing been taken to insure the keep- ing of contact time. we fear. how- ever, that the tone of the bell, t ugh beautifully clear, is hardly s fflcisntly loud, at least. so it has been said. for we regret to say that we cannot altogether trust our own ears in the nutter.

"The hlxhest. praise is due to those through when instrumental-

been supplied with the means of ascertaining the true time, by ref- erence to a public standard. There will. henceforth, be no excuse for want of punctusllty to either pub- lic our private engagements." -Ks.scard's Gazette. July 5, 1056.

l

The Age-illd Story

As for msn, his days are as grass: as s flower of the field, so he flour- isheth. For the wind pusotli over lt, and it is gone; sun! the place thereof shall know If no more. But the mercy of the lord is from everlasting to everlasting upon them that fear him. and his righteous- ness unto children's children.

0. K.-Luxury Coach Tours North America

(British Information Office) Destined for ii 10,000 mile tour of North America. cities as fsr sfleld as Monti-ssl snd Los Angeles, s streamlined luxury coach has left Britain for shipment to the U.S.A. where it will help Britain to earn dollars. Pressman travelled ss

lty the inhabitants of the city have .

A small boy of our squint- snce. sftcr consuming slsruung quantities of ice cream and cake st a birthday party recently. was warned -by his hostsss' mother to desist. "My dear boy,” she said. "you'll be sick tonight. You're too small to est so much." "Oh. no." said the lad, seriously. "I'm not. so.smsll I look from the outside."-This eek.

October is probably one of the best months for sport enthusiasts. On one Saturday we heard snd saw a basketball game. bsscbsll game, a hockey game and a foot- ball game. a hockey game and a football match -- not to mention lacrosse and a few others that we didn't. have time to catch. Well. bsseball is pfactlcally over - but there's still ots to pick from - which leads us to wonder what Lloyd LaPort.e and his Inkerman " ' will come up with this year! -- Winchester Press.

L

A recent. visitor to Midland was appalled at the town's high death rate. Apparently over 200 people die in five minutes. At the westerly entrance to the town. he told us. the Ontario Department of High- ways sign gives the population. as 'l,i00. But by the time he had driv- en through town and out by the niunlclpsl park at the east. end. the highway department's estimate of population was down to 0,900. - Midland Free Press Herald.