THE GUARDIAN

PINIIIIIIV-ywoa-dIynIsIInaIIIlPsiIIIIsrIII.1)Ir bthtlwl. .l.L.Iv'I'hI Os-pilyunttol

- "Orion lrhu IIIIIIC IIIIII LII III lIIw'

ldllnr. Prank Wslkar IIIIIII Ilanashr. III A. IIIIIOM Drum discos It Iummsrdda. MIIAIJIII and Albania. Ausbo lII(IsIooonduIIIIlIlIbysIIPoItoI!!oI Department. Ottawa. I cu-rlan Qarlntmnwn. knuianlds 03.00 par Inaiun; h P,I.l. U.N. Otlnr Ptovlnnon Ind U.I. 811.00 DC! IIIIIIZ

"Tho Ilrongut memory is the wsaknst. Ink.

weaker than

FRIDAY. APRIL II. III

Reassuring F or some months there has been some

ltals. Our respect for him is as high as the place where our forefathers buried hlm high on Mount Vaea. Some Samoans think that Vailima should be the site for- such I museum, but I have I different idea. It should be erected on the site of the old chiefs' house in Apia, and if the present chiefs are agreeable then I big native house would be the most proper shelter for housing Tusitala's things. Such I house would be the centre of attraction for visitors and Samoans would find it easy to see when they come to Apia." Chief Manigiamanu, "highest orator of Vaimauga”. traditional political district enclosing all Apia, including Vailima and

-the old native capital Mulinuu, argues that

uneasiness among the friends and allies of the United States that that countryis com- mit.-merits and semi-commitments to Chiangsamoans think Muiinuu wouid be the Kill Shek 0'1 F0!'m0.5a might lead. Un-lldeal place. The controversy seems to be necessarily, to all out war with Com- quite I lively one; it would have tickled munist China Ind. D9-FhBPS. With Soviet the fancy of the author of ”Treasure Is- Russia. This fear has been based not soiland” immensely. It is evident that re- much on what President Eisenhower mightigardless of the vagaries of taste that de- or might not do in any given ernergencyitermine I writer's current popularity in Is on the rash advice which certain in-,western lands, Stevenson's fame will en- fluential individuals in the Senate andldure while Samoan hearts beat warm. other political circles reportedly have beenl .

tendering the administration. A new Sunlight lnlo Food anxiety has been injected into the situa-l of rar.rpa(-hing

la room should be reserved in Government

An achievcmcnt im-

COH-

House for I Stevenson museum. .OtheI' V

tion in recent weeks, namely, that i tinued American emphasis on the value of the Matsu and Quemoy group of islands to United States security in the pacific has been dictated largely by I desire to "save face" among the peoples of Asia.

portance was announced at the recent an- '

nual meeting of the American Association for the Advanccmcnt of Sciencc. Dr. Dan- iel I. Arnon. profcssor of plant pll.VSi0i0E!.V at the University of California, reported

that he and his associates had, for the-

TIIC if"?-St T9P0l'tS fmm Washington first time in history. used sunlight to cre- BTO "WT? TPHSSUFIUZZ 8nd "WY Show lhal ate sugar and starch out of carbon di- the official policy of the President, is grad- Oxide and ii-aim, outside the living cells ually taking shape. and in I much morelof R,-pen piams. i 9""'m"'aE'l'lE dll'9('ll”" ma" ll Qppeared ml This may not be as world-shattering 59 WW9 3 few mom” back Three ihmgslas the invention of the cobalt bomb, com- are now fairly clear: (ll The President.;m(,ms an exchange, but it is being hail. with his reputation for caution and goodzed as one of the mosi imporuini mile. 5”d1-Z9m”"i- l5 1" commmd 0f ""3 3"u3ti0”v stones in man's attempt to control his W I” " a".V”"9 93" be in "I959 ”"C9"3l” environment. We are dependent for all days? Md h? I5 "Di bell"! hurried '3' hll3h' lour food on the process known as photo- pressured by the few who disagree with hisisvmhesisz ma, isg the pi-mess by which Palm” W3-V53 i2l Allied OPW9" i5 belngiplants harness the energy in sunlight and mm” "M "W" respected 1" Washlngtoniiuse it to convert the water and chemicals (Ill Possible "loss of face” is not influenc- Yhev draw from the S0” and H1, (.3,-ban M9 ii" P””5id9"'7 "M i" will 31'” R9d'dioxide they take from the air into sugars,

China's leaders every opportunit.y to aban-. don their plans for the invasion of For-i mosa. In this respect the inference-.

though it has not been put in black and' wh"9"l5 that there med b” M '30"mC' have they been successful in doing it out-I over Quemoy and Mat.su. provided-and! this is important-that evacuation of these.

islands by Chiang's garrisons would, in fact. satisfy Red China. Perhaps it would and perhaps it wouldn't. But it is good to know that the President of the United States is not going to lose his head over any such childish thing as possible loss of face. Conviction is growing that, if he ever does order United States naval action

fats and proteins-the primary compon- ents of manls food. For many years scientists haveytried to duplicate this pro- cess in the laboratory. but not until now

side a living plant cell. Dr. Arnon's experiment is the first step

towards the day when man may be no

longer dependent upon raising crops and Eartimals for his food supply, but will be iable to produce all the food he needs by lusing sunlight and chemicals. Dr. Arnon ihimself declares that this day is I long way off; but he is confident it will come .and bring with it "an era of unlimited

in the Formosa Strait or anywhere else. itlabundance for the benem of an mankind...

will be because no other workable and honourable solution to the problem was even remotely possible.

Tusilaia

EDITORIAL NOTES

Today is the 2tltlth anniversary of the publication of Samuel Johnsonls "Dic- tionary of the Flnglish Language." Though

When Robert Louis Stevenson sailedmm me firs, English d',(.ii(ma,-yv it far Sm--

on April 29, IRRR, from San Francisco for the South Seas it was on I brief pleasure excursion. It turned into I voluntary ex- lie prolonged until the hour of his death. His ship. the ”Casco". proceeded first to the Marquesas. and south and east to Tahiti. passing north to Honolulu,. where Stevenson spent six months and finished "The Master of l'-lallantrae” and ”'l'he Wrong Box”. It was during this time that he paid his famous visit to the leper set- tlement It Molokai. In 1889 the Steven- sons sailed for the Gilbert Islands. and after six months' cruising found them- selves at Samoa, where he landed for th. first time about Christmas Day. 1889. After I brief visit to Sydney, he returned there, The last four years of his life were spent at Samoa, in circumstances of such health and high spirits as he had never previously enjoyed. "

He took up his abode at Vailima. in I small wooden building 500 feet above the sea. The natives gave him the name Tus- itala. There he wrote some of his finest romances, and was dictating that great unfinished work, "Weir of I-Iermiston". on the day he died, Dec. 3, 1894. from I stroke of Ipoplexy. His body was car- ried the next day by six sturdy Samoans, who acknowledged Stevenson Is their chief, to the summit of the precipitous ridge of Vaea. where he wished to be buried, with the Pacific Ocean at his feet. On the monument h inscribed his own

poignant lines: -

Under the wide and starry sky,

Dig the srsvs and let me lie:

Glad did I live Ind gladly die. And I lsld me down with I will.

This be the verso you grave for men :ere he lies when he longed to be;

h the sailor, home from us. And its hunter home from the hill.

Those incidents are recalled by In in- hvsstmg as-an Item from New zealand.

passed its prcrlN'(?HSOrs and was a monu- imental achievement, performed almost lsingle-handedly. O I U

Most people are under the impression that rice is the staple food of all Chinese. :The National Geographic Society in I re- cent report says that that is I false notion. It applies only to parts of South- lern and Central China. In North China, which is the most densely populated area. wheat is the main food. Many millions of

people see no rice at any time. 0 O O I

Even pigeons, it seems. have a way of

imnking their displeasure known. In I ,town in Nebraska officials at I Lutheran iChurch installed a wire device to keep the lbirds away from the Church tower. Im- mediately they left and took up more hos- pitable quarters in the Presbyterian Church I block away. There is no sug- gestion, however, that the two congrega- tions are falling out over the incident. I O I If Professor Max Wingo of the Uni- versity of Michigan knows what he is talking about. present day'youngsters have I lot to be thankful for. He says that in another twenty-five or thirty years schools will be in session all year round including Sundays. Furthermore, he believes that society will be the better forithe stepped up programmes. That may be: but the unlucky pupils who will have .to put up

about it. I O 0

Perhaps seasickneas, like polio, will soon become I thing of the past. At any rate, hard on the heels of the announced success of the new polio vaccine comes the news that roll stabilizers have been tried out successfully on the "Queen Eliz- Ibeth.". Fitted with this new gadget, the great liner remained "steady as I rock" in I strong mid-Atlantic storm. Stewards were able to carry food trays with ease

sumsbly, passenger-s' stomachs remained

with it are not likely to feel that way ,'

during the worst of the gale, and. pre- 5

Comes The Dawn.

Alas, Poor

Liieraiure!

Bruce Hulchlson In the Winnipeg Free Presn

It was not to be expected in this enlightened age that the old vice of reading would be denied for- ever the improvements of modern science. Having improved every- thing else to the point of perfec- i n. science now turns its atten-

n to the written word and finds it in I shocking: backward and antiquated condition.

Or rather, if the printed word itself still manages to live in face of the movies. radio and television, the people who use it are hope- lessly out of.dale. Science there- fore has begun to emanripnte the reader. to turn I hungling ama- teur into I skilled professional.

If the reader who has read thus far in perhaps half I minute would only listen to the teachings of science he could cover the same ground in I quarter of I minute at most. He would save fifteen valuable seconds. With I little

study of the latest methods he might save twenty seconds.

Our children. who are being pron perly taught to grasp I full line, of type at a glance. or even I para-' graph. will save so much time. indeed, that they can easily master

have the rest of their lives free for something useful.

Mass production is applied to reading, Is to other problems. through I machine. in this case the human eye lfor which I bet- ter substitute will be Invented any time now.) Give I little training. the eye. primitive as it is. can ac- complish prodigies.

Now the old-fashioned reader may imagine that the mind also has something to do with reading, may wonder how much type. spread wholesale on the retina. is finally conveyed to the brain for storage. The new school of in- structors assures us that I man reading at five flr six hundred words I minute stores just as much away as the unskilled reader who can limp It only half that gait. This race is won not by the tor- toise hut the hare.

O O 0

As proof of this readers' re- volution we have the case of I gentleman in Colorado who. if I remember the figures correctly, went through ”Hamlet" in twenty minutes. though we are not told

how much of "Hamlet" went Ihroiigh him. That, alas. is always the im-

measurable question. Science can- not tell us how much literature sticks to the inside of any man, A simple test would show how much the Colorado expert remembered of ”Hamlet" and he might remem- ber it all. But that is an entirely different thing from understanding "Hamlet"; and eycn if it is under- stood. that is In entirely different thing from being digested. ab- sorbed and made I part of the reader": permanent contents and inner-baiznane.

We know. on the other hand, that some of the most richly fur- nished readers. frelghled with the

only I few books In I lifetime. Shakespeare could hardly have read in his fifty-two years as much Is I trained reader could read. or It least see, in I fort- night or. amid the higher altitudes of Colorado. In In evening. The speed of reading. there- fore, tells us very little about the reader. and the volume of type In- gorged durng I lifetime or an evening tells us no more. The question surely is not how much type is seen wit the eye. not even how many idea In tsmponrlly conveyed to the mind but how: much the mind thereby is altered.

of reading. It merely Im II the, speed. No customer wou buy an Iulomobll produced efficiently

at I low price if it wopldn't run when set on the man. And we find on all sides many minds. mostly expertly and efficiently In our schools. IIlll.It.VCf. run It all.

most precious golden cargo. read I

sentence.

A rambling passage In John- son or Maccaulay. for example. with all its outcroppings and long diversions of qualifying clauses. its elaborate design of leisurely digression: and second thoughts, can hardly be grasped It.once by the best-trained reader. i

It thus becomes y for the modern writer to present I simpler, faster prose like In Into- mobile with all the useless chrom- ium stripped off. The soliioquy from "Hamlet" has been widely praised but it is In extremely in- efficient product. In engineering botch that no inspector would pass. The whole thing could be said in half I dozen simple sentences. in- stantly grasped by I first-primer student.

As I modern engineer might

The Age Old Story

He that doelh truth cometh to the light. that his deeds may be made manifest, that they are wrought In God.

streamline lt. Hamlet need only ask himself: "Is life worth living? Obvloiisly not. But what about dying? That might be worse. So we can't make up our minds to live or die. Too bad." ,

That precisely is the impres- sion which the rapid eye must gather from the type when "Ham- let" is read in twenty minutes. It in efficient. It is perfectly good English and. I hope. grammatical. Yet somehow the old-fashioned reader will be excused if he thinks it loses I trifle of the original quality, This may be I heresy now-I-days but I reader of that sort may even be forgiven if, weak, inefficient man. he sets out

deliberately to enjoy himself.

. Caribbean

Federation

By llon Ivsns CInIdlIn Press. London

Eight sun-baked colonies in the

all literature in I few years and sugar-spice islands of the British

West Indies are being forged into links for the stout Commonwealth chain.

These tropical territories. water- strung through 1.200 miles from Cuba to the sloping shoulder of South America. have Igreed to units in I British Caribbean feder- ation. They have drawn up I 30- page blueprint for union and Bril- ish experts are busy fashioning federal machinery which will bring about 3.000.000 West Indians under I central. semi-independent gov- ernment.

The latest guess is that feder- Ition will be achieved late in 1956.

EVENTUAL AUTONOMY

Jamaica. the Leeward Islands. Grenada. St. Vincent. St. Lucia. Dominica. Barbados and Trinidad- Tobago meanwhile Ire steadily grooming themselves for I place in partnership wth Canada and the other members of the British family of nations. Eventual autonomy within the Common- wealth will cap for the! West Indians. most of them descen- dants of West African slaves. I 400-year history under Spanish. Dutch, French Ind British rule.

Colonial leaders hope unity will spell prosperity. Behind the nego- tiations lies the realization that social and economic progress. per- haps even survival. depends on co- operation. '

The federal system when intro- duced will brlng into the western hemisphere I new state. There will be I governor-general. I lit member senate and I 45-member elected house of representatives. Emphasis. however. will be on the member states, not on the central government.

BRITISH AID

In place of I cabinet. the main instrument of government will be I 14-member council of state. This will include the prime minister, seven members of the House or Senate. three officials appointed by the governor-general and three senators appointed by the gover- nor-gener ' in-council.

The federation. with headquar- ters It first It St. George's on the tiny mountainous island of Granada. will not he immediately independent. Control of defence. finance and external affairs will remain with Britain. And sntrsnce to the Commonwaslt will gradually, as In the case of All eolonlss approaching self-govsnr

man. The British l. h m.aai"'&"'i".1' mi:

. of permanent federal capital is yet to be decided. The march towards federation hss been slow and has met with consldar his with

the not Join. NwIIcIItMIlIIetI'II.'ol.': The way has been left the min

nus colonies. argued that federa- tion would sap their economic strength as they were forced to help support weaker neighbors.

The decision that all members shall contribute I5 per cent of their customs revenue toward sup- port nf the federal government has helped overcome these objec- tions.

The islands depend for their income on agricultural exports. mainly rum. sugar. molasses and bananas, and in recent years the terms of trade have turned against the colonies. Linked with the ster- ling area. they have felt the pinch following devaluation of the pound in September. l9-49.

MIGRATION PROBLEM

The colonies must import much of their food. textiles and other goods from dollar countries and the cost of living is high. Living conditions are generally depressed

Medically A Speaking

III:-man N. Iaadsssa. Il.D. A SKIN LAMMATION THAI"! VII. ,CONTAGl0U8

Parents probably In more familiar with tbs results of im- petigo contagion than they are with the name.

This is I skin inflammation and I very contagious one. It's caused by staphylococci and streptococci pus-forming germs and it. usually strikes children.

One of the most. common of skin diseases, It usually forms its crust-like scabs or pimples on, I youngsters face. neck. ears or hands. 01'. it may appear Is I cold note on his lips. .

While these busters or scabs are unsightly. they seldom Itch or burn. Nevertheless. I must cau- tion you against scratching them.

1 The purulent material which is

discharged from the scabs might

' lodge under your fingernails. thus

making you I carrier to pass the disease on to someone else.

The most common sources of infection for children are pets. athletic clothing. boxing gloves and from other children In school.

Adults sometimes contact the disease in barberships. beauty parlors. swimming pools and Turkish baths. They can catch it

i from children, too.

Rules of Hygiene

Now tliere are some general rules of hygiene to follow as well

a, as specific treatment. Don't share I I towel or wash cloth with any-

one infected with impetigo contagi- on. Change the pItlent's pillow- case every day. Launder them separately. Don't put them in I washing machine with other lin- ens. .

Clothing or underclothing which comes in contact with the skin must be laundered separately also. Handle these articles very carefully. Its easy to infect an entire household.

Keep the fingernails short and alien. Be especially careful about

I.

QUESTION AND ANSWER

ll. 3.: Can I glaucoma opera- tion restore my sight? Answer: Glaucoma curable. Operations

produce I curs.

is not in- frequently

throughout the Indies. Most West Indians are employed on the sugar plantations at low rates and many are poorly housed in tin-roof shacks.

The need for co-nperslion has become obvious. There must be Joint action to win favorable prices for exports; to promote fullest use of the land both for more food and more exports; and to encourage foreign capital investment.

Much had already been achieved through regional planning on such Problems as uniform currency. shipping. social welfare and. most recently. inter-island migration.

FINAL STEPS

First suggestion that the islands seriously consider the sublnct of I British Caribbean federation was offered in 1945 by the late Oliver Stanley, then colonial

later at Mnntego Bay. Jamaica.

to examine the matter.

A plan for federation was ap- proved It I London conference in April. 1953. and the individual legislatures have since ratified the agreement.

The plan was further advanced It I conference on migr Lory mat- ters in Trinidad this spling. The next move, as announced by Colonial Secretary Alan Lennox- Boyd. is for the British govern- ment in set up three commissions to work out financial judicial and civil service auangemenls. When

these commissions have completed

their work. I final plan will be

The idea that I brick home costs too muQ

is an erroneous first impression. is slightly higher but actual savings in uplusp If I brick home will cancel out lbs diflorpnco

lo 0 very few years. Irlck ls available

The first cost

in dozens of shapes.

secretary. , West Indian leaders met two years

and agreed to set up I committee,

It A. Farmer, Q.C., LLB.

colors and textures to interpret and compliment ovary architectural style. You can develop the long low modern with thin lemon brick. You Ion Iconomlu with cost-cutting 8. C. I. brick. You can dromcttu with "Glenn" brown brick. Tholdssthdtollbridzbulidlngsarocllholsio first Impression you can readily dtspcl by ex. Imtnlng somplosofbviclxotonylhowplcno It doubt show room. To

BUILD si:rr:n wmi amen .

Vilnius

m.

110' ion Is tall III durlll I visit to name by Fenian Min- ister Anthony Eden to see Pram- ler Mussolini. ,Il Dues. sitting be- hind I lulu dIIk was "showing off its eonvonlsncas. Polntlns to the push-hottons. Mussolini sgld: "When I puss the yellow one my oolonlsl mlnlsler comes. Wbsn I press we green one my foreign secretary Iulers. And when I press the red one -" hate the late Duce paused and jutted his chin like the rock of Gibraltar - "I million men In mobilized". Eden answered with I grin. "Too bad if you wanted I sandwich and glass of bear and pressed the red but- ton by mistake." -St. Thomas Times-Journal.

wspring oving caused them to sort through their chattels Ind so they came upon the news- paper. It was dated in the eighteen- seventies and the most prominent of the sedate headlines said. "Crisis Deepens.” It happens that the same paper is still being published, although with its name altered I bit. "Crisis Deepens," was among the headlines of the current issue. This continuity of crisis cheered them up. In I changing world. crisis was I, thing you could depend on. Im- minence of disaster. become I norm. gave stability to their lives. They want on with their sorting, feeling that even the un- certainty of spring moving wasn't so bad Ifer Ill. -The Printed Word.

Then is no excuse for un- less driving. The excuse that the car "got out of control" should no longer be tolerated in law. Instead, we should introduce I new offence into our Cfimingl Code, that of allowing the vehicle to get out of our control. This is no time for half mesguug, with I death toll of ode in every five thousand of our population last year, something has to be done. We Ilncorely hope um the con- IGVSM9 in MI! will produce the right answer. As far as we are concerned. we will in along with any plan which ya an inn this slaughter. We feel it will mean more stringent rues for drlv. ers of vehicles. We know that. like liberty. the price of safety l' 'l9l'Ml Vililsnca. We welcome suggestions which may help Is all to malts our highways uh.

-Sault Ste. Marie Star.

If the level If nubile manners drops as our numbers inc:-use -and this seems to have happqi. ed in recent times-than we win

drawn up and submitted to another West Indian Conference. Colonial office officials are hopeful me conference may be called late this rs. 0' ”.' 1'”-

en e n I d , the British PllEIIIlf,I1.CIl.ItkVI-Iloopud "R94 I0 Pass legislation setting up the federation.

NOTES BY.

I00lI'hG M dllflr of gpjnt an ways of the Jungle. Basically, good public behavior stems both (mm self-respect. and respect for one-, fellow man. If you think well iii your toll in. than it will 5. M, uralforyouloaetnigyw knew they won' around mid hm rill"-I. loo: filllls which may on,” colmel Wm! Y0"-l'l. Then you will 811115" kindle". deference mi courtesy. This is. what we mean by . accommodation." There mu" be much morsiof it if life ii, CInIdI's public places is to be .0, only bearable but pleasant .i tractlve and rewarding lii' mi crowded years ahead. '

-Sherhrooke ngcom

.-...-..1.:.aa

Wm ?oed' .

We'll to the woods no mo" The lsurels all In em, ' The bowers are bare of 5., That once the Muses wore; The year draws in the day And soon will svenlng snug,- The laurel: all are cut, We'll to the woods no moi-g Oh we'll no more. no more . :0 tllie lieafy woods away, 0 l 0 lsh wild w And the bower: of :35 viii iiii3li':l

wk E. Housman,

my WORM noon 1-o zu-

SAN FRANCISCO, (APE glsts havs discovered I 33'; Rood to eat Ind chock-full of vita- mins. It is the palolo. I ring. shaped affair living in the com reefs of Samoa. Fill and other tropical Pacific islands. A Univer- llly of Hawaii research team. 1-, ported on it Tuesday In mg 1:-,5. erated American Societies for Lg. perlmental Bloloy.

VANISHING ANIMAL

fire cheetah h tin i is rapidly dwlndliins nlImbe:i?I"hli Indll I8 lunsle areas decreau.

Aiitsnstlvs Machine Shop Service O O 0

Wholesale Parts and Equipment 0 O O MARITIME Mollll IUPPLY CO. LTD.

4! Beasley Ave 0h'towI -- PIIII X

Al ,snnrltt:rm-

til "iv-ullimr

Banfroww

i 5 STABILIZED

PEANUT BUTTER

'CIIDMORl'S DRY CLEANERS

I” Kent St Phone 022

insurance policy width

p.m. .

P. I. I. nnmtnou

rannnnsu

Do you know. that for I premium of 55.00 per year you can have an accident

Agriculture? For additional Information and enrolment It-tend tho meeting In your School District. Monday. Apr! IOIII at I

the Federation of

OF AGRICILTURI

PROFESSIONAL CARDS

BARRISTERS, SOLICITORS, Etc.

Boll, Matheson & Foster Chas. B. M . B.A. 150 Richmond St. , us niciunoss at. out ml 1. Elm Blane , . . I65 Quoenegl. iurlgllalg CA!!!

Hutcheson dz Son IUTCIIBO

, . . N. .0. Bank If Commerce Bldg. 58 Grafton II. llflial Ill! Allison M. Glllls, LLB. J. A. OI:-anthers. 3.0. no Blchmsnd Bl. out no III lent II-- Di-I "ll

A. Wslthen Gnudot. LLB. Phillips am. 111 " - st.

Palmer 8 llaslsm Bank of Nova ltzstls Ills.

. Matheson, Pants 8' Nloliobon ivsunussluuo

II. J. Hobos. 3.0. Ilsntsxas P. I.

n . .n. x!.il”'Id' G'''"' 3.: so 1. s. Taylor. s.o.

corner IIII I Olsen St!- olfloo I133: Iloass 4755

II

I.

.1

CHI ROPRACTO

X . cHAnr'inap” A”

J.A. -h&W.l.OsrsoI o-nu-Ina.-nhi-on-I-I-.I. III II. cm-'..."' a. 3, gt, . ARCHITECTg4 Ilillehudll. IMIIIII ....".-:2-.-H-9.: