PAGE TWO

ms so

116i TIONAL H0ljr1z

-A SA TURDA Y FEA TURE— PRESENTING NEWS mp vlsws or INTEREST T0 TEACHERS {no ALL orange as: IMPROVEMENT m EDUCATION

EXERCISE IN ENGLISH

m h“ " or "nicely" with ll. Serbs?‘ not. but aha is nice " “a” Wm “it: “Weqdrid a nice businuc dur-

l_ w. Brown treated us

n l!- 2. How is your father today? tie II- have had a very h!“ W11?-

Hiz. II-Efilulith have read thil rel-l’-

lettcr oi’ recommend

l . 6. Does he not admlrgnnlcc t-lbll

manners?

'7. We spent ollr vacation at l Rice camp near a nice lake. sur-

d s b i elghbours. Enid? alNoylscgufys nice clothe!-

9. The stories in that book 8Y8

not very nice. l0. The new stenogrlllilllfil‘ not do her work nicely.

THE STORAGE OF

1. Some plants store food in mote. Dandelion, carrots. clovers. beets. nlrnips. peonies and many others

itorc fond ln roots. ‘.1. Some plants store food in tlle

cm. Cacti. manv trees. shrubs. pota- toes, crocus, store food ln stems. 3. Some plants store food in leaves. Daffodil. tabhage 4 Plants that store food in seeds. Beans. peas and grains.

CLUB-ROOT

Club-Root ls caused by a micros- copic organism. which may persist in sour. undralned soil for several years, particularly if turnips are grown continuously. The roots and rootlets infected by the par- asite become distorted and swollen to many times their normal size and are unable to absorb nourish- ment from the soil. or to transfer thc food or water collected by healthy roots to the place of stor- age. ‘This functional failure of the oots starves and stunts the plants.

he leaves of the diseased plants wilt during warm weather. turn

ellow and ultimately die. In the atter stages of the disease, the swollen roots develop a black. soft rot. This rot may continue and destroy most of the crop after it has been placed in storage. The in- qury caused by this disease to tur- nips is very great. sometimes des. troving the whole crop. disease is readily introduc» Id into sour. undrained or poorlv drained soil through the use of in- fected seed. or fected manure. Once established in a field is read- Ily spread to other fields bv means of the above agents and in addi- ltlon. through soll carried on farm‘ machinery. on the feet of animals. and by wash-water carrying soil from infected fields to healthy fields. It does not establish itself on well drained alkaline soil. but the excessive use of acid fertilizers may leave the soil liable to infec-

on. PREVENTION AND CONTROL The disease is combated by ell- minating the conditions which en. courage its spread and develop- ent. Four important means to his end should be considered:- (ll Rotation of crops. f2) Des- truction of diseased roots. raw Soil drainage. (i) Application of lime. Continued growing of turnips on a diseased soil increases the dis- ease and encourages its persistence in the soil. Therefore. a four or five year rotation of crops should be practised. avoiding the grow- ing of turnips on the same soil

onion. hyacinth and

is as nice a book u I Mr. Jones gave me a nicc

does

mIaouCrr-ognrlrgery butter is nice.

ningr with our nice new

an warm. 1'1. Hasn't she nice eyes?

l8. I enjoy his letters because he

atpresses his thoughts so nicely l9. le the top of your oe 2o. Although he spoke gruffy me. I was nice when I

the nice concerts. FOOD IN PLANTS Plants that stor

seeds.

and tomato

of sugar. starch. fat, and proteins.

(cl Peanuts and other nuts con- tain fats. (d) Cereal seeds contain much protein.

OF TURNIPS

oftener than once in eight years. It is also necessary to eliminate all weeds of the mustard family. as they likewisi harbour the dis- 685G.

Since a diseased root contains myriads of the germs. which are llberated lrl the soil or manure when the root decomposes. it is es- sential. that all diseased roots be collected and destroyed. it is necessary to feed diseased turnips. they should be thoroughly boiled before feeding. Lime will prevent. the disease if applied in sufficient quantity and three or four years before the turnips are to be sown. The amount of lime required dc- pends on the character of the soil and on the time allowed for its action. A smaller quantity of lime

practically the same influence as a larger quantity, with a correspond. ingly shorter time for action. For most farms three tons of air‘ slaked lime or about five tons of crushed limestone per acre will be sufficient. 1t is esuntial that the lime be added immediately after the diseased crop has been har- vested and a period of three nr four years allowed to elapse be- fore turnips are again planted. Smaller or larger quantities may bc added later on according to the lime requirements of the soil. As lime does not readily become dif- fused through the soil. it should

the soil to a depth of six inches by thorough cultivation: other- wise its full benefit cannot be sec- ured. Where the disease is likely

occur on acid soil; it should be oombatcd or its possible attack frustrated. by the application ‘of lime; and when occurring on non- acid soil. thorough drainage and improved physical soil conditions are advisable. It might. also be pointed out that where such large amounts of lime have been used. it ls advisable to add larger quan. titles of barnyard manure. as the lime has a tendency to deplete the soil of its organic matter_

CURRENT EVENTS

Oeneralissimo Chiorlg Kai-Shek has been chosen as the President o the Chinese Republic, to succeed the late Lin Sen Chiang. During the wa-r. he will remain Grand Marshal of all China's armed forces.

Lord Louis Mountbatten. fcrlner head of the British Commandos. has been appointed Supreme Allied Commander. Southeast Asia.

Yugoslav guerilla patriot armies have captured Split, a port on the Adriatic Sea.

TI-IE PACIFIC

Early in September. in well oo- ordinated land, sea and air moves. the Allies struck at the Lao-Sal- amana stronghold the Japanese had built on tho

id Allied vasion craft landed Australian

jungle fighters and engineers off the beaches east of Lae. On Sep- tember lc, advance patrols of Aus. tralian infantry entered Lae. Four days earlier Salamana had been captured.

All of New Georgia island in the Central Solomons was occupied by August 2B. ‘

ITALY

Allied troops landed in force on the mainland of Europe on the morning of September 3. Britons and Canadians. veterans of the 8th Army, crossed the Straits of Mes- sina into southern Italy. A few hours later. Scilla. Reggie Calabrla. San Giovanni and other coastal towns were in Allied hands. On September 8. General Eisenhower

broadcast from Allied headquarters lo Mal

in North Africa that Italy had surrendered.

American. Canadian and British troops. under LieuL-Goneral Mark Clark, landed from an invasion fleet near Naples. They encount- lred fierce resistance from Ger-

man armoured units. Salemo. south of Naples, fell to the Allies after much heavy fighting. At the Italian naval bases at Taranto and Brlndisi. in southern Italy, British troops landed and pushed northward. A large part of the Italian navy. including four of the seven battleships, and seven cf eleven cruisers, escaped and sailed ta. On September i9, the German High Command admitted that, Sardinia had been given up. A few days later Corsica was cap- tured by the Allies. Those islands give the Allies excellent air fields for attacking the Gel-plans in

PENIC Penicillin. a new drug used in tho treatment of war wounds.

pneumonia and other diseases. is now being manufactured in Can.

GEORGRAPHY

Explain how large bodies of land affect the direction of the wind.

Answer. Land heats more quick- ly than water when exposed to an equal amount of sunshine. it also cools more quickly when the sun- shine is withdrawn. Thus during hot weather air lying over the land tends to become an area of comparatively low pressure, and winds blow landward from large bodies of water.

i-Iow do winds affect tempera. ture?

Answer: Air moves from an area

of high pressure to an area of Dace

low pressure. An area of low pros- rure is caused by heat. therefore air moves from a colder region to a warmer one. and thus tends to rqutakllze the temperature of the ca .

On what part of the earth's eur-

the ocean bring rain?

northern Italy and southern France.

ILLIN

ads. Penicillin is

Produced by a green mould. a re atlve of the green mould in Roguefort cheese. it does not destroy bacteria direct- ly but stops their reproduction.

Answer: When they strike a high moun which forces them info the upper air regions which are cool enough to condense their moisture.

m lain why the trade winds do not ring rain under their usual conditions?

Answer: They grow warmer as they blow southward. hence their capacity for absorbing moisture is steadily in , and instead

ey lteld-

. ere glvin up their moisture ily a rb more. Explain the cause of the Sahara Answer: It is swept by the north-east trade winds which give no moisture. and absorb it greed- lly wherever it is present. Why do winds which blow over

Answer: They are laden with

l4. I am certain that ahe con do lo. w; have had many nice-ovo- will find this mt nicc

desk

to answered

2i‘: I enjoy the nice lectures and

5 o food in fruits to aid in the distribution of The cherry. apple. pear. berries s. Plants "so... food in the form

(a) Beets and carrots contain much sugar.

(b: Potatoes contain much starch.

it given longer to act will have 1i

be thoroughly incorporated into the

To! need. The habitant had to pay

face does the air absorb most water vapor, caused by evapora- lllolfll-llfe? Why? tion of the ocean water in the heat Answer In the equatorial dis. of the sun's rays. They become

Gricte beclauce it ls hottest there. Under what conditions do the kado winds give rain?

cooler. usually by coming in con. tact with high mountains, or by meeting currents of cold air. A

.

._-___1_-_-.._.-

GRAMMAR

The followint wu contributed b! POW lllabcDnlld Principal 0f Spring Park School:

Give the clause-i analysis of the ._,|cn cu: i. A mist was driving down the

on floor and panel. Streamed the red autumn sun.

2. ft glanced on flowing flag and flowing pennon.

And the white sails of lhipl. And from the frowning ramparts the black cannon Hailed it with feeverlsh lips.

8. Spoke full well,

in 1511111180 quaint and olde

n. One who dwelleth bv the castled Rhine, When he calleth the flowers so blue and golden. Stars that in earth's frmament do shine.

4. Nor war nor battle sound

Was heard the world around; The idle spear and shield were

high up hung;

The hooked chariot stood.

Unstained by hostile blood: The trumpet spoke not to the armed throng; And kings sat still with awful eye. As if they surely knew their Sov- ereign Lord was buv.

TEACHING IS

The mind, like the body, grows stronger by exercise, and the best and most profitable exercise. is that which the child gets from his own work. The teacher does the child a great wrong in doing his work for him. The more a pupil does for himself the greater will be his self-defence and the more thorough his mental dis- cipline. As well might we expec: a child to grow physically strong if continually carried in the nurse's arms. as expect him to grow mentally strong while receiving the constant help of the teacher

is what the child does for him- self that strengthens ills mental

The farms of New France were long and narrow. ribbolrllke, so that each habitang. might have ac- oess to the water, the chief med- ium of transport and communica- tion. Mixed farming was a neces- sity. 1-Ie had usually s. few acres of marshy land fit only for hay, a tract of upland for ploughing. and an area extending to the rear for pasture or for firewood. Wheat and corn were the chief products. How was the life of the habit- ant affected by (l) his seigneur (2) church. <3) the government at Quebec?

(l) The habitant was a. tenant of some seigneur and was requir- ed to give military service in time

his selgneur a fixed proportion of the value of his land when it changed hands. except by descent from father to son. The peasant brought his grain to be ground at the seigniorial mill for a small toll. The seigneur could exact forced labor from his peasant. take toll of fish caught in seigniorial waters. or hunt over his fields without compensation for damage. Amid the primitive conditions in New France, the system long con. tinued to be a source of strength and security. especially against the attacks of the Indians.

(ii) The habltants gathered every Sunday at the parish church to receive the . The church taught them with regard to the conduct of life; at the close of the service they heard from the

liennans Labeled Puzzled People

By Margaret Eolrcr Canadian Prue Staff Writer TOMONTO. Oct. 14 - (CP) -'1‘o the eoplo of Germany, laughter is bewi dering, and even wartime prisoners of the Reich are happier than its free citimna. That's the picture of the German homefront that Isabel Russel Guernsey, a Canadian woman. paints in “Free Trip to Berlin." (MacMillan) Describing her long months of internment in Berlin, after she was taken prisoner when the Zamaam was torpedced April 1'1, i941, she says: “Strange. how often I could feel much sorrler for the Germans than for ourselves. Which _ was neither complacenc , nor true Christian charity. bu just plain. unavoidable common sense. It was a sad city, that city of Berlin. and grew progressively adder. So many hopeless people. We ourselves did a lot of laughing, and whenever we did it. in public. in street cars, un- derground or 1n cafu, faces would look up all around us. ~bewildered faces, what could there be to laugh

7-1 m», X

ASDIf/n

at Quebec.

papers. habltants chief and friend. To him the habitanl one-twenty-sixth The youth obtain- ed what education they received from schools established by priest: The church only agency of the higher life in New Fr (8) All the chief appointments to office in New France were made. by tho king. whose supervision was elaborate and exhaustive. All or- ficials, even those of minor rank. were encouraged to report direct. to Versailles. systeun of government in New France was absolutlon. the people of the colony had no effective voice in the regulation of their own what he was told and that war all there was to it.

This Department the Prince Edward Federation Contributions arid welcomed

gave year's produce.

and nuns.

the Ryptl uled trip:

um wa Atl pi

iodtoa

Britilh

clpwlilucleuu floor

CUM.

Rh . lying “on When he blue and golden clause modifying at in

fying "stars."

clpal clause.

clause.

principal clause.

sequent work.

his strengt

time for

a victory.

h

BIKE.

affairs. The

ducted Island

Ind should about?" Of the German

8 u

Parnlylcd

adventure.

t0

- Prom rison shi

Of the lp from

Channel.

guide.

Teachers’

' C

pulse

stars. An "spoke."

'I'he pupil should not be mitted, however. to waste time in wrestling with difficulties beyond h. l-Ie should have no direct help in doing that which he can do for himself. but it. is use- less and unprofitable to permit him to waste time in attempting to solve problems beyond his com- prehension When the teacher once dlscove p that the child is unable to overcome a difficulty. lg is then him to give such augges. tions as will start a proper train of thought in the mind of the child and thus unable him to win

ad _come

Of

Nevertheless

habitant

is

a. can

‘my wu jultbcgllmkwln- ‘Instill? t-iu window

Who dwelleth by tho castlod An. adjective clause modi- at.

called the flowers no adverb

earth firmamont do All adjective clause modi-

4. Nor war nor battle sound was heard the world around. A prin- The idle spear and shield were high up hung. A principal clause. The hooked chariot stood stain- ed by hostile blood. A principal The trumpet spoke not to the armed throng A principal clause. Kings sat still with awful eye. A

As if they surely knew. An ud- verb clause modifying "sat."

Tllelr Sovereign Lord was by. A noun clause. object of "knew."

NOT TELLING facilities and fits him for his sub-

D8!-

DESCRIBE A TYPICAL FARM IN NEW FRANCE

lips of the captain of the militia the ordinances of the governmenl Here. too, they heard the sosslp of the parish, and learn ed what news overseas as there were no news- The parish priest was the councillor.

from

hi:

was tht

tho

did

edit)

people.

by Fur

"When the R. A. !"- bombs sen and Cologne 1n thousand raids. the reaction,” Guernse

said

P. that point

d

Miller MacFadycn. 8 l-Z Fel- ling 88., C-e-luitetotwn

.

even when the new: was good iI-cm 411G Russian front, she says, "they look- ed null and void." When okc to the people in April, i952,

so faces looked troubled and downcut. Yes. Berlin mo a sad oi hopeless poop .

Hitler

seemed to ty, full of ud, dull, 0..

. m. plane Mn

y, "was just plain, ‘stark paralysis of fear." Certainly the Berliners were not. of the stuff of Mrs. Guernsey and her companions from the Zamzam. 111E! hadmuch w fear and little to ‘laugh at. but with Mrs. Guem- My! telling the saga of their no. lourn- takes on an almost Gilbert and Sullivan atmosphere. There's much to laugh at in "Free just as the Zarnzameu, as the writ- gkolnlls them. found humor in their Al I118 Gxpllins in the f r : " ven Canadian women, Nngliai 0M mother. had one idea common: to reach Ame; Guernsey wag going m re husband there.) So we 351 d on an ship zamnrn. cched. New York to Go and reached Germany in The road they trarazlled to Ger. many was a rough one- The zam. I torpedoed in the

antic where the survivors‘ "ll "Y "w ‘lbmneis. n. Nazi there they were elm.

the Dread

Trip

{gin ner

Id."

south

WGTO

on. to

BRINGING UP FATHEII

GUARDIAN

Bordeaux, Mrs. "The only word describing five weeks is 'loalhsomel" was built to aoccmodate 35. carried 200 persons as well as her

the ‘ically no water for washing.’

Q

SPIIITI-ll VICTORY! We can help to bring closer that glorious day when the boys coma home triumphant to our weloomiagmns. Wemustdoourpmtospocd Victory by buying 5th Victory Loan Bonds. They've got the Axis bad: on its heels: the master race is on the run. Our money, invested in bonds, will buy the extra guns, planes, tanks and ships .10 lay it prostrate in unconditional surrender. Back our boys with bonds. Remember, we're only asked to lend. Do it now, and speed reunion in Canada.

5m ills i?’

\

Sponsored by

laid! At Bremerworde they started that their merry go round of German ‘The ship prisons, Bremen. Hanover, Stuttgart,

she more prison trains, until they came to Llebenau Women's Inform-lent

Guernsey

The writer says; "This is mostly

‘>3 l)" ,.“’.e¥_

. HPvHA/ AN‘ A

A DAY AN THEN

THIS.’ WHAT A LlFE THAT WAS.‘ HA-HA.‘

a slary about people, people} met and grew ti.» know in Germany. My hope is simply that they, through me, may shed a little light hasn't been shed before.

VICTORY LOAN

GOVERNMENT 0F PRINCE EDWARI) ISLAND

Nazi

that wasrmrsrou, 0st, -c

.u -..~

v I i

sill

Vandalism

la-uui)

haracterlzlng destruction of thl Socle