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146 Richmond Si

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ProlessorWiiiiam Niven has been Making-Wonder- iui Discoveries anti Says that the Egyptians and

Africans Cameto the Dark Ages.

Rev. Mgr. Burke contributes to the magazine "America," published in New York, an interesting article on Mexican Excavations which is reproduced herewith.

Monsignor llurkc ll; at present in Mexico on a clcrlcitl mission to the blt-xican government in conticcfitln with lhc return oi‘ the Archbishop and bishops who hatl been cxpellcd by the Carranza (iovernment, and is engaged. in having legislation pitssctl by the Government guaran- teeing freedom of religious wor- ship.

We cannot ‘talk politics; every~ body knows everything about Mex- ican politics; so let us talk (ll'(!il90~ logy, or attempt to describe, in a commonplace way, the “diggings" which Professor William Niven is itiaking just outside the City of Mexico, in the pueblo called San Miguel Amantla, Atzcapotzalco, where the great upheavals of a war such as we have just come through, may have left behind it an extinct race, and where volcan- ic eruption anti ﬂood surely wiped out races whichsel up empires and castes. and all that goes with human organization, long before the nations which we now see joc- keying for place in the great world- race. had yat come into existence

Who is Professor William Nevin’! Well, after coming here I was in- troduced l0 a "canny Scot," whom people regarded as about thc onl.\ antiquarian in the place. llc uasa cicgrce. is n ntember of national histo 'cal societies, and keeps at curiosity- shop in which you can {wt rcl ‘a from all pcrintis of .\lc.>xi- can lifc; and not a tcw 0|‘ lhc prc~ pious firings besides witiclt in the revolution have bccn robbed from lhc Illsholvs, churches and respect-

EXUAVATIUNS AZilAPilTZ-lliiil

Valley of Mexico in the

to a little hamlet nearby, procured a hardwood alabwhlch served for a well-board in the lot, and putting it under the groundless wheel. told the Indians to lift and push with all their might, when, the throttle being wide npen, with much groan lng, vibration and mud-choking. the machine moved forward and we were on "lorrn flrma" zigaln.

There were more quitglnlrca be- fore us, so a‘ council of war was held and we decided to let the muddy car move over the bad places empty, while we walked on al'oot. The beautiful motor and its elaborate lunch~trunk made an aw- ful picture of" mud and mire to look at.

We now. passed through the vil- lage of Santa Lucia and halt beforc the hacienda on which our anti quary does his work. it is a flnc.

holding up some well ‘preserved images.

See this one purely Phoenician or Egyptian; this one Mongolian. and this one Ethiopian. The sourc- es oi these races were all different. They were as anxious todelimltate themselves as we are. There people —whola families in this structure ——were overtaken by flood and des- troyed, possibly the whole race at one time. Others coming later. built on top of the old civilization. for these people were civilized. and they, top, were destroyed by the awful eruptions of’ the volcanoes; and these near the surface were put to flight. by superior human forces‘. See the lines of cement which mark the various floors, this is found anywhere lb the great val- ley of Mexico. Then, here are im- ages of gods and the pottery im- pressions of‘ sacred rites. 1' am .t Mason myself (said the Profes- sor, cautiously) and find in these pieces the unmistakable evidences of the secret. rites w call our own.

What use tclllng lm that these so-callud secret rites were of reli- gious origin, and that ltlasonry had reuiined them after it had ceased to be a religious gilt], even when in conﬂict with real religion!

l)on Pancho, watching the ab- sorbing task, and mindful of the necessities oi‘ nature, advises the Professor that it is time now to cease digging and repair his forces with l'ood and drink. , ,

l ltaven't time lo eat (is the re ply) this is nly real day of pleas- ure. A tortilla and a mug of "pul- qua” is all I get from the 'crlada" there; and then back again to the

sunny day; the air is soft and balmy; birds lend their song and flowers their sweet odors to the enchantment of the scene. The blue mountains, never more clearly outlined, are on our right, and seem very near at hand; the radio-tow ers of Chapultepec are in the per- spective as we trip lightly over a footpath through the corn-patchJo find ourselves close upon great mounds of freshly upturned earth We are at Professor" Niven's "dig- gings," and no’ ntistake, l notice the carth in fine powdered shovel» ‘uls coming up from out an exca- vation, and soon the cheery voice of the Professor bids me: “Come down and see what I ant doing." The cxcztvatlitm is now (cvclen o'clock in the iorcnoon.) (wclvc fcel by six incl turd-six feet deep; and he has already dug up somr valuable lhiltgts, skulls, bones, pot icry and ornaments. l look upon

illilv cilizuns o1 the laud.

“i itavﬁaotnc (if Archbishop's Plancarleﬁs classic collection r-u‘ Aicxican antiquities," hc said to

mc, the first time l met him; “and il you bring the good gentientan to my shop I shall show them to Better still, if he identifies anylltlng there as“ his own. l shall be glad lo return it to him for no- thing.”

l thought this was rather off- haniied, at first blush, for a close- flsted Scot with a beautiful burr in his speech, so I said nothing but kept my weathereye open. l met him again soon after. and found him so vcry interesting, generous and genial that l went. with him to his shop, to sce its contents. Ncc<l-| less to say, l was greatly surprised and lniertrslctl. Like all really scl- cutiflc pcoplc he is very exact in his kntnvictlgte and vary lllﬂtlPﬁl in its expression. l quickly learns-d tn like the antiquarian. so when an invitation was cxtcntlcil lo go and soc whcrc hp: got the wontli-r~ ful things on his sitclvcs, an invi~ tatlon that comes to but few, in- deed, l accepted it with all that it entailed very gladly, and square-ti my cngagolilents so as t0 appreci- ate the outing t0 thc full.

Our “tliggingsW la about four mil- es from flu». car-line, hc tnltl mo. l shall have my man call at the llotvl wilt-never" you wish, but, of course, l myself am off at six o'clock cvcry Sunday ruornlrtg, to go to work, real hard digging. at. ilail‘ past scv- on. My man will guide. you from the tracks; you can walk it inhalf an hour. '

I did not quite know what lay be» fore mo; and so l began lo get ready l'0r a rough trip and its at- tendant hardships. Presently not- icc came that two other gentlemen had asked to see the excavating, also, and were driving their motor from the Ilotel lsabel at 10 o'clock and would look for me the same hour at my hotel. l found a six- pttssenget" touring car with two gentlemen, Senores Francisco and Jose Arlspe Ramos, rich cotton manufacturers 0f Saltlllo waiting me at that hour. and off we hied through the Paseo, Puente de Al- varado, Tlaxpana and Tacuba. where the. good road cnded 1m. ‘he bad road bcga". ‘Fe "W". g0“!!! due west "'-‘" "as car-line; and after the all rains, the roads. nev~ cr ‘v0 good for motor cars, not be- i1: macadamizcd, were in no shape for a great. licavy Cadailuc road- ster; so the venerable owner o1 the car and l began to play pitch and toss with each other in the back seat until at length, after many "hombre. culdatio!" and “hombre. a tlnndc vas?" we stuck 'har(l and last in a slough, the right hand hind whccl revolving rapidly without contact with anything but mud-pie.

l shall not (lcscrlbc the troubles we had getting out of that impasse. But l saw how child-like and im- practical the average Mexican, specially thc Indian, really ls. know little about thesenhlngs my- self, but after about twenty peons hnd gathered about and iabbered in all the moods and tenses of ex- citement to the chauffeur, l got

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BEECl-IAWS

the collection. on the brink, with awe anti wonderment, and Jump into the grcal, ominous pit to scru llnizc more closely the very latest

findings. Thc earth is soft and friable. alluvial fornlation with stratlficailons 01' "town-tic" and

gravel, and some ashes. Tile whole Valley oi Mexico WiiS a great lake bed filled in by volcanic eruption anti some soil crosions from lhc great mountain ranges which sur- round lt. Evidently erosion in these mountains is extremely slow, ' as there are no sandstone or other stratlilcatlons t'o indicatesuch or~ lgln, and today the valleybad where Niven is digging, is very much as Cortez described it 400 years ago

Onc industrious antiquary works on without sure-case. ills insiru mcnl is a sruail pit-k-axc. lic swings it vlgorotlsly with his strong right arm, and is ill aglow undo: lhc llPllllll)‘ t-xcrcisc, although a volt-ran ui‘ the illoltt-d span of lhrcc scori- and tt-n. The bill's-fooled, ilusky hlt-xican shovclvrs have al- ready thrown up the loose earth from the shins, with much force, but great caution and an eye to the appcaratlcte of anything worth securing. , llcrte is an adult skull (‘he says, as l cuter). ‘I am just. awailinp you in expose it. Sec, it is enclosr ed in an carihern vessel! Let's lry la gr-t it in its entirety‘, fol thousands of years have sped over ll and it is scldoul those ancient ones stand exposure to the air. Digging ill'0llflll it carlei'ull,v, ho brought a tiish out with the head on it, a yellow skull encasement yellow as beeswaxfwllh the teeth still set in the jaws and the in- terior filled with the dirt, fishes and ilECOIlIDOlilIlOIl of itges.

"Now wc shall see whether he was a patriclan or a common pleb- elan," he renlarked, after carefully putting the skull aside, searching for traces 0i‘ the ornaments its owner in the far-off ages used to wear. -

This is a plebelan. (he puts in), .1 common piece of pottery. But hcre is a bead which shows some distinction in its wearer. Three Iatleibcatis are taken from the Az- tec formation which extends only a .eW feet down. We get. relics as lecp as fifteen or twenty fest. 'l‘hey are pro-Aztec. 0h, here is n wall! This was evidently a house or tentple. Behold, a splendid in- :ense burner of the more elaborate fashion!

"And here ls an ivory needle," he continued, handing me an in- strument such as these people ilsotl in that far ofl’ day--a nicely polish- ed. yellow, bone sewing needle, tbout the size of one of our finest larnlng needles, with a well-mat e. still well preserved eye for t e thread. This was the forerunner of the iron and then the steel needle we now use. And, no doubt. some dusky dafme or tiamsel, in the llm twilight of antiquity, scwctl as dexterously with it in making ap- parel for her lord or lover as would put‘many of our modern la- iles to shame, for many of these. (if lt had not been for the awful war just over, which after all was the occasion of a return to the d0- tncutlc mt oi‘ needlework in the household), would nover have known what their prototypes were able to accomplish with this simple and handy instrument. before the advent oi‘ that grotesque being, the modern gentleman, and still more grotesque motlern lady, came on tbs scenez- .

When Adam delved and Eve span, Who was, then, the gentleman?

"Wonderful things are printed in this book," said the Professor, as we watched the unearthing of mnny beautiful pieces of pottery with their striking coloring. especially the vermllilon. which we ‘now have lost the art of mixing". "Here are portraits of the family," he added,

sec ahead of you, Santiago Abulz- oelia (you can get there easily), you will find the excavated walls of the great temple of Coquntlelco (said the Professor, as he felt us to resume his work.) Go and see it and come back to me when you acre. through.

through the hamlet and turned to the left along a narrow roadside; and there, surs enough, we found

task.

Senor.) So we all repair to the motor, open the well ~furnlshed lunch-

ruck, and with silver plates; cups and cutlery, spread out before us; start in upon a lunch which. com- mences with sandwiches — ham iind cheese sandwlchemwtnd ends with nicely carvetfrdlist chickens. The Professor's lunchbox affords ‘enchiladas’ and- “pulqitc agurv. miel." We have a- try at these na five drinks while ll1‘e"“vln0 tlllto" stands aside in blushing neglect. And we have llllﬂl-bOliﬁil eggs and sweets, and “slates? a meal lhat would make a king envious, and all the willie the “nlnos" am "peri-osi‘ stand around and enjoy the rein- nants. putting in a remark or n growl whenever too long an inter» val separates them from their uarry. ,

i'p thcre lhrotlgh the village you

\Vc walked down the lune,

these interesting remains in the uncovering of which the Govern- ment is said to have paid much money for little worky The out- lines‘ nPdhe temple are as clearly zleflncd as those 0t‘ Sun Juan Teoli huacan, but. ihe-"trololltcion" or "re- public," was not so extensive, so the temple was grciltly inferior. All the‘ markings arc clearly observ~ able however; the floors and walls, cement. nwhydrolimca defying the ravages of the atgcs and putting to shame tho [irelenilous cement- ullxcrs of our own day.

But San Juan Teotihuitcan was the ccntrc nl" a great Aztec repub- lic. 'l‘hcre are found the great pyr- amids of the sun and moon. the former as titarvclotls as cvcn the great pyramids ol‘ Egypt. which was one of the world's greatest wond- ers in the days when wonders were limited to seven. .

We return to the cxtravations and the Professor. lie is still un- earthing skulls, images in stone andtcrrxt cottn, Ctllllltllln pottery utensils and highly ornamental vessels; . incense burners, many spindle lilrls. and bone needles; hide beads from China, etc" etc. lie holds up a sloull and animati- verts that it is of an infant‘, and. almost immediately it inlls natio- dcr under the action of the air.

"But here is an adult skeleton." he assures us, as the bones ‘are thrown . up _ at our feet. "He was a man Qf stature and nobility." And so he goes on digging,‘ and joying, until the grenbclsar sun shows signs of hiding behind the mountains, when the ltnnds fire promptly paid off in pesos. theft;- sult of the day's ﬁnding basltetlld and on the head of a lusty h’ dlan carried in to the city shop, to be classified and tabulated‘ gi- en away to institutions or sold to cover the expenses of the opera- tions he so delights to carry on.-

"Ay Dlos!" says old Don Pancho as he sees the staring skull paell- ed away: “Who will thuslrrell- Zzlously handle our bones ages fro’: now, and marvel what ratiewili _ - lugs we are!" ~ - f "

Here is the mystery. How tild the Egyptians and ylfrlcnne ,, Est there, in the Valley di‘ "Maxi 2i‘ Tile lilongollans may htive chine’ the continental coast dyer the great Strait ot’ Ben-lngt was lost Atlantis the bi’ dgs over 91h c, the Ellllllpllih and the Phoelclsn came‘! The Lord only knows

We tmsscd by the "Noche Trista" as we returned to the City through Trtcuba, and thought within our- selves ctvhat tlaatciﬁloodiravesif" which, rte: s e are ye s ago ewhs oiloday bvolfwdminaldd with the things the Pr lessor was unearthing in Atzcapot lccbjlytjl! Valleyrof Mexico,‘ .~ , i‘ f» § cmranruut.‘ rid/trim s?

MAY lllll OVEIIC '~

ll’ you have Catsrrhal Deafafsfdi‘ head and car nolsoe or our: w! hard of hearing fro to your rugilst and gut 1 ounce of’ Varmint (double strength), and add to‘. it. l‘ plnLp hot water and a lit granulated sugar. Take 1 tableau onful four time: a day.

This will often bring quick relief

_rnm tho distressing head noises. Lluggi-d nuutrlls should open. breathing hccnmt- easy and tho mil- cus atop dropping Into the throat. ll In easy tn prcpnrc, cunts little and in lenaunt to take. Anyone who has atarrhal Deafness nr ltcad noises

Well. you shall have atone’ than. I that today, (rejoins the provident __

for the money.

I l ‘and real value.)

l '- l '."-*‘_¢P

cauitnuu E.‘ F. ALPHABET

C stands for Canada. the land of the Maple Leaf. Protector, dc- fender, emanciputor of grief, A stands for Aggressor, the part that sho played, shim-s brilli- imt~resplrandltlly itrrayoti,

N stands for Nation and National

fame, fol‘ hcr sons, -galianl

sons, fought an errorlcss gimfc,

A stands for Action, they gut. it,

faced it fearless and bold.

D stands for Daring and Deeds that. are cold;

I stands for ideals, raise the ban- ner high, t

A stitnds for Answer and she ans- wered the cry,

N stands fonNatlon, who with Britannia! sons, met face to face the ravenous Hunts,

E stands for Expedition and they crossed the dangerous foam,

F_ stands for Freédom~now ach- ieved-—-now at home.

Lee C. Kitsch, Somervllle, Mass.

.___-<0->--__ HALDANE 8AY8'HE l8 NOT SORRY LONDON, Feb 15.-—Lol‘d lini-

dane, who has ib\an mercilessly criticized for pre-war leanings to Germany, said, speaking at a Cam- bridge University debate on the pre-war Liberal policy.. it he had tried to persuade the Glermans. Great Britain was not Jealous of them he was not sorry. The people of England did" not understand the

widespread belief in Germany that the British wantied to ring them around and the Government told Germany in the strongest language diplomacy allowed that if she at- tacked-‘Francevahe must not reck- Qn on British neutrality. The great gurlwsé was i0 obviate war until rltal dens.» n theiamin he was proud 9t, the record bi the Liberal Gov- ernment. ‘ ———<r0>—-—— i v ~ ~ lrx: '- i TALK ‘or A‘ ‘onv DOCK AT SY-DNEV

~-QYDNEY. ‘N. s. Fob. 1s.~~'rnt~ Byline)" Dally Record yesterday stated that the Dominion Steel Corporation is, seriously consider- ing the construction oi’ a dry dock and shipbuilding plant ln Sydney harbor. The proposed site is at Booth. Bar where the company

iilrabls in ‘the harbor as the land l 19W Hid qottdit one are excellent, ~fo {red m’: ou-ghithe comp any ottl kalzm d ydréoyh-sesy they‘ ave no. n e ‘gs o t e scheme i is probpble that the dredging of furzﬂeltihlo" “$3515.23. ‘tthne tniiir

- l! f‘ hompany intends "to ‘dredge out the South Ber basin which would phkéilgtlnélgrtiei/lgtlaan byb thle government. u ar asn s compose

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In Canada‘) of Ba er Ma ufscturs

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