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race Four: THE G UARDIAN

Morning Dally (Founded in I887). Authorized ls Second Class Mail, Post. Office Department, Ottawa.

President, Ian A. Burnett; Vice-President. Wm. A Burnett; Seep-Trees, G. M. Burnett; Editor and Managing Director, J. It. Burnett; Associate Fnlltor l-‘rnnk Walker.

"The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest lnk."

TUESDAY, JANUARY 13- L

CHARLOTTETOIVN.

Journeyman To Be Revived

After all, the best way to learn is to be train- ed by those who know. That was the root of ap- prenticeship for tradesmen which made Britain the industrial centre of the universe. Boys were apprenticed to a trade for five years, and then made to serve two finishing years as journey- men—that was, going to one or more employ- ers to obtain additional insight into their work. A journeyman was an ex-apprenticc who went on the road, as it were, to pick up the latest ldeas of his trade before settling down as o shoemaker, a watchmakor, a butcher, a baker, a blacksmith, or whatever branch of industry to which he had been apprenticed.

Now the Labzur Government in Britain has started to revive that mcdc of training‘ though in o somewhat more expensive scale.

Each year beginning September I948 the best apprentice in Britain's Royal Ordnance Fac- tories and Gevcrnmznt research estvalishments will be avrerrled a scholarship worth SL000 by the Ministry of Supply. In addition a twelve-month tour of industry bath in Britain and abroad will 5e arranged. The overseas tour includes visit, Po Canada, Switzerland and Sweden, where fac- ‘ory methods, production and organization will ae studied. In addition to the grant of SL000, all fares and Ices incurred during the tour will be paid by the Ministry. Arrangements are be- ing made for apprentices’ work to be super- vised by local universities or technical colleg-

The First Bottle

The following humorous reference to the effect of bureaucratic controls, contributed to the London Times, is probably exaggerated, but it contains a moral well worth remembering:

"The other day l wcnt to my grocers, with whom I am registered, and asked for a bottle of orange squash. I was told that l could have one-in fact there were rows of bottles on the thelves—if I brought back an empty.

"l explained that l had changed the district where l used to live, that I had been abroad, that I did not carry empty bottles with me on the Continent and back, and that this was, so to ‘Speak, the first bottle in my soft-drink bottle ife.

"The man behind the counter was absol- utely unyielding. All appeals to logic and com- mon sense were in vain. Neither could he help me with advice as t where and how to get the first empty battle. I argued that people ar- riving in this country are issued with ration books and identity cards, but not with soft- drink bottles.

"He was still adamant and so l remained vanquished and depressed in the centre of o vicious circle: you cannot have an empty bot- tle unless you first have the first full one, you cannot have the first full bottle unless you have an empty."

The Gammon Gold

Jcientisls of the National Institute of Health of the United States Public Health Service have succeeded in isolating and propagating the germ of a common cold. Tested on volunteers from tho District of Columbia Reformntory, this germ has caused colds of a uniform typc described by the scientists, Dr. Norman Topping and Dr. Leon T. Atlas, as "a thick, severe form, something like what we know as sinusitis." This, as all who have been told by their physicians that they have sinusitis will agree, is a most unpleasant cold, accompanied by stuffincss in the head, a little fever, mild lury gitis and a dry cough.

Using eggs in whi chick embryo is grow- ing, research workers have been able to keep the germ growing for almost a year. This experi- ment opons an avenue which may lead to isolat- ing germs of colds of other types and, perhaps, the ultimate finding of vaccines to prevent them. The scientists are cautious enough to observe that this is a possibility, not a probability. Isola- tion of any germ marks only the opening stage in the battle to conquer it. In the case of the cold there are many obstacles presented not llons by differing types of colds, presumably caused by different germs, but by varying de- grees of natural immunity which alone explain why, of persons subjected to approximately the some degree of exposure, some contract colds and others do not. At a time of year when colds are common, it is cheering to read that some progress is being made in tracking down the germs which cause them.

Immigration 0n Increase

Ill a statement summarising the results of Canada's greatly accelerated immigration pro- gram in I947, the Hon. J. A. Glen, Minister of Mines and Resources, announces in Ottawa that when final December figures are available, im- migration" to Canada during the past year is expected to exceed a total of 75,000. Of this total, over 9000 are Canadians returning from the United States. This figure compares with I total of 5,l77 for I946, and shows that in ‘I947 almost twice as many Canadians returned to take up residence again in their own country us in the previous year. A total of 7,346 Dis- placed Persons have already reached Canada. paid Mr. Glen, and it is expected that by the spring the full quota of 20,000 will have arriv- od. Six Canadian Immigration teams for the selection. of Displaced Persons are now working In Europe with headquarters in Heidelberg, Ger-

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many. During i947, the Minister states, Can- adian Immigration offices werl re-opensd in Paris and Brussels and a new one established at the Hague. Arrangements were made with the Department of External Affairs whereby offici- als of that Department agreed to handle immi- gration business in capitals where no immigra- tion officers have as yet been established. These capitals are Oslo, Stockholm, Copenhagen, Lis- bon, Berne, Prague, Moscow, Warsaw‘ and Ath- ens.

- contour/av. NOTES Q.

Some good things can come out of even err-enemy countries, the tax collectors‘ strike in ltaly, for instance.

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With lumber stockpiles at a high level in New Brunswick prospective home builders will have one less obstacle to contend with.

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American contestants in the forthcoming Presidential Election seem to be taking a leaf from the book of our local politicians and are offering tax relief to all and sundry.

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The safe cracker who has been busy in the city has more than the average audacity in selecting one of the busiest streets for his opera- tions. Of course, after business hours, it also happens to be the quietest.

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Crossing international boundaries today is a tricky business. You must have plenty of money to show that you will not be a charge on the state and you must not have more money than allowed by exchange regulations.

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Now Boston wants to share with Portland the benefit of equal freight rates with Halifax and Saint John. If that is granted it will be impossible to refuse the same treatment to New York and then the Canadian ports might as well forget about the shipping business.

It is not for want of warning that our agricultural productivity is in danger; could it possibly be for lack ‘of stable manure? It has been proved in England beyond perodventure that the natural and most effective fertilizer and soil enricher is ordinary barnyard manure regu- larly applied. It stands to reason, too, for it means merely restoration to nature of part of what has been taken out.

k W i’ i The Ontario Federation of Agriculture has come out in favour of making farming a domin- ion subject of jurisdiction. Organized labour has long made it clear that it would like to sea, "Labour" written into the list of dominion sub- jects. Most of the provinces have turned over most of their tax collecting to the dominion gov- ernment. All in all we are heading in the dtr- ection of a unitary rather than Federal form of government. I f Q fl

For some time now Englishmen have been complaining about the number and privileges of government officials travelling, the number of compartments reserved for them and so forth. Now that transportation is fully in the hands of the government one can expect such complaints to take on increased bitterness.

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Reconstruction Minister Howe will hang on until_after the next general election, says o Gazette correspondent. Then, come what may, he will take over as president of Trans-Canada Airlines. The Reconstruction Minister is said to have had his eye on the post for a long time now. He wanted to leave the Cabinet to take over, but was dissuaded by none other than Mr. King, who represented to him the grave difficul- tics in which his departure would leave the Gov- ernment forces. lt isn't the first time that Mr. Howe has seen a job to his liking, for which he would gladly have turned in his ministerial resignation.

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Marking one more step in the return to normal peacetime routine, the wearing of wound stripes by all ranks of the Army, both Active and Reserve Force, has been abolished. The new order became effective December 3i and means that nothing other than medal ribbons and col- oured shoulder flashes now will be worn on Army battledress. Wound stripes were authorized dur- ing the war. Since then, soldiers have been per- mitted to wear one on the left sleeve near the cuff for each wound suffered as a result of enemy action. Men wounded in the First Great War sewed up a thin red stripe and those who "stopped one" in World War ll, a gold one. More than a few Canadian soldiers qualified for both. The wearing of formation patches and small chevron: denoting the number of years of serv- ice, outlawed in the Active Force a year ago, no longer will be worn by members of the Reserve Army as a result of the new order. They now "come down."'

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John Scott, first Earl of Eldon, English statesman, died this date i838. He was Lord Chancellor of England in l80l, violently Con- servative, and in his pro-chancellor days con- ducted high treason prosecutions against Horne Tooke, porson turned politician, and other radi- cals who made politics hum in their day and generation. Hooks was acquitted, and Scott diroctodhis political energies to opposition to Catholic Emancipation, and against the abolition of capitol punishment for minor offences. His favourite maxim: "Quickly enough if done well enough." -,- - "l often wished that all my causes were apple causes." (When he was resident fel- low of University College, some of the under- graduates complained that the cooks had sent to the table an apple pie which could not bs eaten. .Lord Eldon ordered the cook to bring tho pie before him, but the cook informed him that the pie was eaten, whereupon Lord Eldon gave judgment for the dnfshdant, saying to the complainants: "You complain that the pin could not be eaten, but the pin has been eaten, and

therefore could bs eaten." ,

Jletos By The Way-

Soclsl tact ls your “m. pany feel at home. thomh you wish they were. -0uelph Mercury.

To find tho fellow who has some responsibility for pushing urp prices ls like trying ho find a voter who supported sn unpopular govern- ment. -- Hamilton spectator,

50B" 33.000 New Yorkers hlve paid fines for obstructing snow re- moval by leaving their cars on the street. alter the recent storm Apparently the condition of the streets “'83 not. allowed as an ex- cuse for blocking them. - Ottawa Journal.

, Tire mild Winter weather en- countered on the Canadian Prairies this year ls a fresh reminder (ever. ll it should change abruptly) that the climate of the world has been growing steadily warmer for the Past: B0 years. and that. this is a factor of considerable importance to the development of Canada. — Saskatoon Star-Phoenix.

Employed as s farm hand near Kitchener, a recent Dutch immi- grant by name of Roel Bakker has fallen heir to an $85,000 estate in his homeland. The bequest includes a 300-acre farm, a large one iu Holland. Mr. Bakker ls returning temporarily to Holland to claim his fortune, but intends to return to this country. No finer tribute could be paid Canada by any rm- migrant. — Windsor Star.

With some sadness we note that. Senator Glen Taylor of Idaho had to give up his plan to travel across the United States by horseback. His official reasons were that it vras too slow, that. he had to re- turn to Washington in time for the special session of congress, and

either used to be or thought he was. The senator had to trim his project to a day's horsemanshlp in each state along the way-talking, of course, to all interested parties about the dangers of our foreign policy and American mistreatment of Russia. We had hoped that. the senator would continue across the country by horse, for perhaps he could make good use of any equine intelligence he might. pick up. As it now stands, however, a- bout. the only thing he has proved is that. the horse is not. here to stay as a means of transportation. ~Denver Post. r

In 1948 Canadians spent. nearly $60,000,000 on movie theatre admis- sions, with Ontario supplying close to $25,700,000 of this sum. Que- bec was second with admissions of nearly $12,800,000, or less than half the Ontario figure. But; on a. popu- lation basis it was British Colum- bia which led the list. with a per eaplta expenditure of $8.10 to On- tau-ids $7.56. The people of the lit- tle agricultural province of Prince Edward Island spent only $3.17 per head on movies. As the movies have gained in popularity, the legitimate theatre has faded. While there were, in 1946, 1,477 movie houses 1n Canada, a Government report says that. there were only five establishments operating in Canada as legitimate theatres. Their net. receipts were less than $1,126,000. and their paid admissions were only 956.473, compared with the movie houses‘ zen-seam. Ol these admissions. there were 80.- 708,520 in Toronto and 28,627,541 in Montreal. Add Vancouver's 13.- 900557, and these three cities sc- count for one-third of all admis- sions in Canada. - Toronto Stsr.

The adamant. stand taken by many property owners llllnllr families with babies has been giv- en a severe Jolt by a. Portland con- tractor, builder of apartment. houses, who wl.i1 let his apartments only to those parents with babies. And the more babies, the better he likes it, reports The Boston Post. Because couples with b10195 mill" the best. tenant-s. he says. The mothers are always at home, fath- ers are responsible, and the rent is always on time. On ttvo other hand, he argues, parents without children are given too much to parties, oftentimes with the result. that more damage is done than ls ever caused by babies. Parents who have always had difficulty renting an apartment because of babies will now take heart. Probably other property owners may soon come to the same conclusion as this Portland man.

,!o vrs cams to a year's and, s place in time where we can psuso for n. moment. sad draw s total line and, if we would be honest. try to reach s tally. But. 1t. is no more an ending ‘than is a sunset. Tomorrow comes, and another your begins; and yesterday, last. you‘, bequeath: its unfinished business. The wind does not. pause on the stroke of midnight, nor are tho stars altered in their courses. Even the clock which ms-n has made to count his seconds continues tio tick thorn off, one by one. Th!!! are new beginnings, yes. "l" l" "'4 mind ol man. He looksbaclt and npprsises the past, and he ktwivl that. here ls another unit. of till time in which tn do those thlflll to which his conscience drives him. Life itself is change. and hon is s means of measuring that

‘ _ . Because he osn think and remember and has the capacity for Learning. msn looks back for eotn- parlsons. He needs the reassurance, the belief. t-hst. comes from such s summing up. l-Ie needs the know- ledge of time steesd. - New York '1‘|rne.s.

‘In any that the toedgrsln altos- - l-loa is desperate is an underststn-

that. he isn't. the horseman he.

r51; costumer; Cl-IAIILOTTETOWN '

PUBLIC FORUM

‘nah column is opsa to tbs dbosflos by com», ‘ of questions n Interest. The Charlottetown Guardian (loos not moir- tIy sulorss tho opinion of eorruopondontl.

WTNTER ROAD CONDITIONS

‘\-'*~' -'~'lu"sFfi‘

Sin-The writer feels called up- on to fmpras upon the people of Prince Edward Island the fact. that our Mlnlsterof Public Works spent an enjoyable vacation in Boston and vicinity with most. un- ususl reactions to snow removal in that. locality.

It. is not surprising that. snow removal conditions on the Island are so inefficiently carried oui. when the man elected by its peo- ple t-o be responsible for its sup- ervlslon can compare conditions here with those he experienced and be satisfied that. they are sim- ilar.

The Mayor of New York City deemed it necessary to the wel- fare of that city to return from a vacation in California to aid his city wlthtlts snow removal prob- lem. Dld our Minister feel the same concern for our Province?

Having visited ln Boston and locality often I find it. impossible to believe that ln the whole his- tory of their snow removal one could find that. main highways would be closed for days on end to buses and trucks, many of these trucks being unable to earn money for their owners during this per- iod. For example: how do the people of Sourls react: to this? Have they had bus facilities since Christmas? Are they not located on a main highway?

Let, us all answer these ques- tions honestly and then feel that it ls time our public servants opened their eyes to the fact that. we are no longer satisfied with this type of service.

I am. Sir. etc. “SNOWED 1N".

ADVANCE IN GRAIN QUOTATIONS

Sun-We have just. been notified of an advance 1n grain prices to take effect on and after January 8, 1948. and as follows:

Whole Barley: $2.35 a. ton or $94.00—40 ton car.

Whole oats, $235 s. ton o: $94.00-—40 ton car.

Barleymeal, $2.75 s ton or $1l0.00—40 ton car.

Ground Oats, $2.45 u ton or $98.00—40 ton car.

’I'hese advances are not. spec- tacular when taken by the single bag, but amount to a worthwhile unearned commission for t.he grain dealer, and incidentally raises the cost. of producing hogs on the average farm approximately $1.00 per head. That ls the amount. the grsln speculator has fllohed from the small margin of profit hog prod-ucera are able to salvage, under the new hog marketing setup. "There ought. to be a law" that. would put. an end to this sort. of sneak thieving by unscrupulous parasites, how exenrpt. from pun- ishment by the law.

Isn't. there some way or means by which farmers can be protect.- ed, or anyone ln authority nrho will wield that authority in their behalf. It's a shame.

I am, Sir, eta, J. A. GILLIEB. Manager

Livestock Marketing Board

—-i_______ ___ ment. Not; only does 1t. threaten the vary existence of livestock farm- ing in Eastern Canada, but. at. means higher prices for consumers. It. 1s forcing up the price of milk, it ls forcing poultry and hog breed- era to cut. down and even eliminate their stock - which is going to mean s shortage and higher- prices in the future. Meanwhile, thousands of bushels of good feed grain are going into the making of liquor and beer. If every. brewery and distillery in the country were closed down, the benefits would fsr outweigh the looses. ‘There would be more groin for livestock, probably st lower cont. to the farm- er. And a lot. less money would be thrown sway on drink. This would not. solve the whole feed grain problem, but it. would do s great. dost to case the situation. Prest- dent ‘Prurnsh had the ooursgs to suspend sueh operations in the United States, to save grsln for starving Europe. The same goula be done here. This country needs milk more than it does whisky. butts:- niore than beer, healthy young people more than drunken men and women, s sound live- stock industry more than liquor profits. - Woodstock Sentinel-Re view.

BACK 0N Till JOB

NEWPORT. Mon. - (OP) - Arthur Msrtln, 7B. who retired from the post. office l0 years sgo after 40 earl’ service, went book lslt morhh to help sort. the Christmas ms _ ~

may be the offender hlllllonb find roller-mg way

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airs nilTd calcified ‘i late canted or plain. g fill y - -- - TO~NI(,'. Hl

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No Representation

(Manchu Transcript)

There will be general satisfac- tion among boards of trade in the Msrltfmel. shippers. businessmen, and s legion of friends, in the sn- nouncernent that Mr. Rand H. Msthcson will remain 1n his pro. sent post: u manager of the Marl- tlma Transportation Commission. Mr. Mathoson hsd been offered the important position of executive ss- slstant. to the newly-formed Csn- adian Maritime Commission. Acknowledged as one of the as- t.1on’s top experts in transportation, he has been manager of the Marl- tlmo Transportation Commission for s number at years and has served industrial and commercial interests in these provinces excep- tionally well. During the war he scned as an expert adviser with the Carroll Royal Commission an coal and has been one of the lead- ing figures 1n preparation of the case for the Marltlmee in the freight rate inquiry. His acceptance o! the Ottawa post. would have created a void fn the set-up of the Maritime Transportation Commis- slon whlrh would have been ex- tremely difficult, 1f not impossible. to fill. However. Mr. Mathesonb decla- ton to remain with the Trans- portation Commission, leaves the Maritime Provinces without. rep- resentation on the government's Maritime Commission-As situation which Ottawa should hasten to correct. The commission ls com- posed of a Vancouver lawyer, a. lavryer from the clvll service in Ottawa, and a. Montreal shipping man. It. ls one of those strange contradictions that. only Ottawa can emlaln, that a Caudlan Marl- tlme Commission should be set. up without. a. representative from the most. important part. of the country from the standpoint of shipping. A maritime commission without s, representative from the Marltlmes doesn't. make sense.