PAGE EIGHT , - ..-. .. .-.. - .-. . . me EASTERN euanman

AGENTS:-MONTAGUE: llarold F. Landry, Mra. Byron Stewart. Ira lruos Mscltltee. Miss Joyce Wiggintnn. Pins Mclilnnsn.

N THE GUARDIAN. CHARLOTTETOWN NOVEMBER 25. 1952

Montague Group till".:."..”":..ll.i".”?2:? ';'::".;:::?”'.-.t.:1.i..";:t.:;i.-..:'.:i.. .tw”:z Whim Road and t:::.;"::,:::,- . To Attend Meeting Vlclnitv

Peters Road

domestic requirements. Beef Surplus, ,

me!!! of Lower Monte , - cently arrived from m3u;e.Im3i.2; he has been employed for the pm,

hence. "It is natural of course that with such a. marked trend to the

AGENT GEORGETOWN: Waldon hsvers.

The Guardian may be bought at the following piacu In Mtlllallll Blue Dome Ilestaurant. and Guardian Office; in Georgetown: The fut Office; in scans: The Snack Bar and I1. Richards A lal.

..'C0-OP insurance, Life, Fire. Auto. Above Co-op Super Market. ..'BOBENEATll SHOPPE closed until

notice.

BEAUTY fur l her

.-

.."AUDU'BON SCREEN TOUR.- P. W. 0. Tuesday. 8 P. M. spon- sored by P. E. 1. Women's Institute. 'Adtnisalon so cents.

.."FUNERAL SERVICE YESTER- DAY - The funeral of the late Maurice Daley, St. Mary's Road. who passed away on Novelnber 20.. which was very largely attended by friends and relatives who came to pay their last respects, was held yesterday morning at 9.30 from Sturgeon Church, with the pastor, Rev. F L. Mullally, celebrat- ing Requier High mass. The choir was under the direction of Rev L. Landrigan, assisted by J. A MacDonald. Cardigan, and Eugene Dunn. Greenfield. Organist was W. F. Steele. of Montague. Present in the sanctuary were Rev. .1. W. Mccardle and Rev. Owen Kiggins. Pall bearers were: Alex Jmnlcson, Leo Daley, John '1'. Landrlgan Philip Creed, James Farrell, and Nicholas Lannigan. Interment was n the church cemetery. The gun- -zral was under the direction of the MacKinnon Funeral Home,

Montague.

.L..........L. T0-DAY

LORETTA Y()l'NG in

epauaa"

SHOWS 3:30-7-9

CAPITOL

WED. THUR.

ii Mill Hill . Fill lllllli DARKNESS Mill FEAR!

HERBERT J. YATES

lint?" JUNE MASON wot i .”LAov .

FWRBMW

CARTOON - FEATUREYITE

....'Mrs. Earle Jenkins Dundas has left for Vancouver by plane to visit her mother, Mrs. Edward Stanley who is seriously ill.

..'Mr. Robert Mosher, Bum- merside, was 9. weekend visitor to Montague where he was the guest of his parents, Capt. A. A. Mosher and Mrs. Mosher.

.. 'Sli0RT COURSE for women's Institute Presidents, United Church Hall, Sourls, Thursday, November 27th, 10 A. M.

..'Miss Mary Catherine Mac- Lean, Iris, was a recent visitor to Montague where she visited her sister, Miss Charlesena Mac- Lean.

..'Mr. Charles MacLean has re- turned to Alberton after spending the weekend at his home at Peter's Road.

..tMrs. Alan Masher. Mrs. Ches- sel Annear. and Mr. Cecil Mosher. Montague, were recent visitors to Sackrille, N.B., where they visit- ed Mrs. Anr.ear's daughter, Miss Shirley Annear, who is a student at Mount Allison.

..tMr. William J. Daisy and son Maurice and his wife and family, all of I-larverhill, Mass, left for home yesterday after attending the funeral of Mr. William Daley's brother at Sturgeon yesterday morning.

..'Messrs. Alen Hamilton, Reg- inald Mellish, and Glen Mac- Laren, of New Perth, accompanied by Alden. MacLaren of Brudenell and Irving Tweedy, Vernon River, returned home on Saturday from Toronto where they attended the Royal Winter Fair. They also visited Ottawa and Niagara Falls

. JFIYNERAL YESTERDAY -Th: funeral of the late Louis Acorn, of Cambridge, who was instantly killed in a highway accident at Tea I-lzll on November 21st, was held yesterday afternoon from the Presbyterian Church, Montague, with Rev. F. N. Young conducting the service. assisted by Rev. Carl Currie. Mr. Young spoke words of praise and comfort to the bereav- ed family. Hymns sung were "The Lords My Shepherd" and "Abide with Me". Pall bearers were: Cecil Beck. Ralph Graham, Vernon Rielley, Wallace Burke, Lloyd Higglnbotham, and Hugh Lang- taigne. Interment took place at the Caledonia. Church Cemetery. with Rev. Carl Currie conducting the service.

Freighter Loads

Pitprops At Geo'Town

The German freighter. s.s. Venus, which arrived in George- town on Thursday, November floth, from Baihurst. N. 3.. completed her cargo of pit props on Saturday. November 22nd and sailed that night for Rotterdam, Holland, via Sydney, N. s., where she will coal

unker.

The Venus, making her second call here within a. year, is 2182 reg. tons and carries a crew of 32 officers and men. Sixteen hours work at Georgetown completed her cargo, as the bulk of her load was taken on at nuctouche. N. 3. and Bathurst, N. B. Her total cargo amounted to 2635 cords. of which the greater part was pit props, with a small quantity of pulp wood. Mr. Albert Quigley of St. Peters was the shipper.

Harbor pilot. Tempel detail, as- sisted by co-pilot Victor ltafuse, took the ship in and out of port.

Another freighter is expected here within a few days to load pit props.

-A.C.

HALIFAX - (OP) - Although the rabbit hunting season now )5 officially open in Nova Scotla, of- flcials warned hunters it is illegal to carry a .22 calibre rifle in the woods until after the deer season closes Nov. 30.

SHE LOOKS LIKE AN ANGEL BUT...

SHE LOOKS LIKE AN ANGE-L BUT . . .she uses a.

technique that loan-s men weak!

riotous leap year comedy!

Itls M-G-M's racy,

eons:

EXTRA! , "Mermaid Bay”

"Chain gns 4 For ”

and Vicinity

..'The people of Peter's Road and surrounding districts were shocked and saddened to learn of tie sud- den passing of Mr. Ben,iarnin Reid oi Peter's Road. To his family and his 92 year old mother. Mrs. Mal- colm Reid. the community is ex- tending sincere sympathy.

Mr. and Mrs. Glen Jchnstc.i and daughter June, Strmmersidt. mot- ored to Peter's Road on Sunday. November 2nd and were guests of Mrs. Don Johnston.

Mr. and Mrs. smith Les, Ver- non Rlver. mutt... . t. . Road recently. guests of Mr and Mrs. Neil Vanlnderstine.

Master John McKlnnon, Kilmuir, was a. visitor to Aillston recently, guest of Master Neil I-lickeh.

Mr. and Mrs. Eric Butler and Mr. Julian Butler. Summerside, were recent week-end visitors to Peter's Road. guests of Mr. and Mrs. Lloyd Butler.

Mr. and Mrs. Herb Campbell, Aiiiston, motored to Nine Mile Creek recently to visit their daugh- ter and son-in-law, Mr. and Mrs. M B. McPhee.

The many friends of Mr. mm Johnston, Peter's Road are sorry to learn he has entered the P. E. Islandllospital for treatment, and hope to see him out again won.

Mr. and Mrs. sterling Conrad, Miss Joyce Conrad, Mr. and Mrs. Percy King and Miss Sybil King, Sturgeon, were visitors to Allisbon on Wednesday, November 5th guests of Mr. and Mrs. Bert Hic- ken.

was a visitor to Alliston on Wed- nesday, November 5th guest of her mother, Mrs. L. J. Acorn.

Mrs. Don Johnston and son Earle, Peter's Road, Mr. and Mrs. Kent Hioken, Alliston, motored to Char- lottetown on Sunday, November 2nd.

Mr. and Mrs: Ellis McPherson, Peter's Road. were visitors to Nine Mile Creek on Sunday. November 2nd, guests of Mrs. M. B. McPhee.

Mrs. Levie Jordan, Charlotte- town, was a visitor to Alliston on Wednesday. November 5th. guest of Mr. and Mrs. J. H. Campbell.

Mr. Vernon Acorn. Saint John, N. 3., and Glen William, P. E. I. was a visitor to Aliiston on Slin- day, November 2nd. gust of Mr. and Mrs. Sam Acorn.

Mr. Lowell Beck, Toronto, Ont.. is spending his vacation at the home of his parents. Mr. and Mrs. John F. Beck, Alllston.

The many friends of Mr. Stanley

Acorn, Alllston, are sorry to hear

is ill at his home and wish him a speedy recovery.

-C

LA

SEES GREAT

continued from page I

the Plains of Abraham, and one 'of the earliest was of course in P.E.I. The settlement of discharg- ed milltary personnel after the long French wars, and the coming of the United Empire Loyalists, gave British settlement a strong upsurge and left lasting marks on agricultural development in the Maritime: and in Ontario.

"Gradually in the first half of the nineteenth century the gaps in Eastern Canada were filled - vast areas of good timber cleared, mostly by fire, and a lasting pat- tern of Eastern mixed farming established. Before 1880 Western Canada was almost untouched - the thousandmlles of rock, muakeg and timber north of Lake superior forming a formidable barrier. But Van Horne and the C.P.R. con- quered it, and settlers poured into- the West in an unbroken stream so that by the start of the first World War the cream had been skimmed from all Canadian farm land - and sizeablc quantities of skim milk with it.

"Now we had another period of consolidating and filling of gaps Farming was reasonably profit- able and farm population increas- ed constantly. It even increased in the hungry thirties when farm- ing wasn't profitable, because be- ing hungry in the big cities was worse. Throughout all these years Canada has been looked upon both within and without as a land of unlimited agricultural potential. and dependent largely on export to unload our vast surpluses - all we needed was people for our great open spaces, and an export market.

"Perhaps it is still difficult to change that picture in our minds. But we have no vast open spaces left. With minor qualifications we could say all our agricultural land is in use -- some of it over-used And Canada today is not predom- inantly agricultural, but rather industrial, if we Judge by what our people do.

Industrhl Progress

"Our farm population continued to increase up until 1939 when almost 1.400.000 workers were em- ployed in agricultural. But the increase in farm workers had been falling behind the increase in in- dustrial employment. And from 1980 on. with the tremendous de- mand. for.defence and other in-

Av ml.-l.im..i .l .,

B a.d.?rot4..ra):-

Mrs. Otto Irving. Peter's Road.'

In Charlottetown

.-..!A large delegation from the Montague Home and school As- sociation to attend a provincial meeting to be held in Charlotte- town on Thursday. was formed last evening at a special meeting of the Association held in the school. The meeting. in the absence of the president, Dr. G. s. A. Inman, was presided over by the vice-president. Mr. Archie I-lilchey. Following the reading of the minutes of the last Ifekular meeting. reports of com- mittees were heard. and cor. respondence read. A lengthy dis- cussion took place regarding the raising of funds. and it was pro- posed that a Christmas entertain- ment be staged. A committee was formed to look into the feasibility of the proposed plan and report at a. later meeting.

dustrlal man power, farm populg. tion actually declined. " In 1939 almost 1.400.000 - farm workers.

"1945 - 1100.000 -i- farm work-

ere. .

"1951 just over 1,000,000 4. nun workers. . "Meanwhile non-agricultural em- ployment increased:

While total employment increas- ed 2592:; farm employment de- creased almost 25w.

"In 1880 almost half our total employment was,in farming; un- til 1940 a. third was in agricul- ture; now only l-5th.

"With our farm population de- clining so rapidly, what has hap- pened to production? Actually our farmers have shown industry ihe way in the matter of man- hcur production during this per- iod. with much fewer people our physical volume of farm produc- tion has gone up rapidly - and this in spite of some shortening of hours worked.

"Production per hour worked in

Canadian agriculture increased at least 4599 between 1939 and 1952. This has been a result, of course, of farm mechanization and finding easier ways of doing a Job, com- blned with improved crop varieties, cultural methods and better live- stock. "While some improvement in methods has been general. the im- provement by mechanization has been chiefly in crop raising rath- er than, in livestock. The time re- quired to plant and harvest West- ern wheat has been cut in half - but the time required to raise a hog has scarcely altered.

Bag and Feed Prices

"This means that the old ratios of hog prices to feed prices should change drutlcally. (The U. B. A. hog raiser has of course mechan- ized somewhat by running a water line to the hog yard and dumping

city it is the young people who go. But one of the difficulties arises from the increased mechanization we were discussing. This makes it much more expensive to set up a farm on an efficient basis, and most prospective new farmers Just haven't got that kind of money. and can't raise it through ordin- ary channels. . Provincial govern- ments are aware of this problem and realize that if a generation of farmers' sons leave the land the loss will be almost irreplace- able. Ontario, for instance, has started a special rinanclng "

to help start farrners' sons on the

lan .

"Incidentally, a good deal of financing is required to further mechanize farms in general, es- pecially in Eastern Canada; but there is no reason why our exist- ing financial institutions cannot take care of this business if they are cc-operatively inclined, since reasonable security is available in most instances.

Today's Problems

"Perhaps you would like a word about special problems of the mo- ment - especially as we hear a lot of talk about surpluses of meat and dairy products - the very items on which one would expect us to be short in the light of fac- tors we have been discussing. "Today's problems arise of course almost entirely from the foot and mouth disease crisis - combined with a shortage of dol- lars in Britain where our product should be -going. We had been ex- porting some quarter million cat- tle (or equivalent product) to the U.S.A. yearly - plus pork when we needed to do so, plus important numbers of dairy cattle. The foot and mouth embargo stopped all this suddenly in February. "We already had a moderate support policy on frozen pork, but anticipated using all this in Can- ada during the summer if surplus beef continued to go to" the Unit- ed States at high prices. This hope faded immediately, and as the freezers were soon filled, pork simply had to be canned. "With some ups and downs pork has been going into cans in large quantities ever since - a total of '15 million pounds - a lot of pork. We will discuss the mar- ket fcr it later. "Meanwhile, with the abrupt closing of the border, just when beef prices were at a peak and cattle feeders loaded with dear

"On beef, a rather ingenious three or four cornered deal was arranged to market the surplus.

"Our beef could not go to the U.s.A., but could go to Britain. New Zealand was selling.Brltain frozen beef that could legally go to the us A. It was arranged that Canada would ship up'to 60 mil- lion pounds of Canadian beef to Britain and take an equivalent quantity of New Zealand beef for sale in U.S.A. The net profit made on this beef in U.s.A. com- pared to the British pirce (l2c f.a.s N.Z. ports) would be split between Canada and New zea- land.

"The disappointment has come in selling the New Zcaland beef in U.S.: It was not graded according to U.S. standards -. it was not suitably dressed - It did not meet l3.A.l. requirements. and had to be reconditioned at great expense - Amerlcan buyers are heavily pre- judlced against frozen beef - it arrived in a very weak beef mar- ket. only some '1 mlllionlpounds has been sold out of 60 million. Prices have been disappointingly low. The loss will be cruel.

"The butter situation is fairly

well in hand. The cheese problem arose because the British market was lost. The quantity remaining is less than feared, but is a prob- lem. Heavy surpluses of canned and powdered milk have piled up and are moving slowly." In conclusl t- Mr. Carroll em- phaslzed that agricultural sur- pluses ln Canada are temporary. "With our declining farm popula- tion and our increasing urban pop- ulation on good wages, a shorter position will prevail," he said. "And a very important factor is that the same trends prevails in the U.S.A., with a very heavy pop- ulation increase - over 15 mil- lion since 1940.”

Canada Packer guests were: Mr G. A. Schell. vice-President and As- sistant to the President, and in- cludes Messrs. Norman J. McLean, Vice-President and General Mana- ger, W.R. Carroll. Vice-President and . Assistant General Manager. C. C. Polkinghome. General Sales Manager, F.W. Condon, Toronto sales Manager, 0. A. Stewart, Man- ager Fruit and Vegetable Division (Headquarters Montreal), 5.0. Prescott, Supervisor of Maritime

Bales. and the following branch

stock, a disaster seemed iminent

Once more the Federal Govem-

ment stepped in with a support" price - a bit lower than the pre- i vious market, but still quite gen-

eroua. However this floor has been

a bit shaky throughout. Freezer

space would hold only a small

fraction oftthe probable surplus,

and no satisfactory outlet has

been found. -

Government Policy "Therefore while the Govern-

in car com mechanically raised- and that is all. But such methods don't raise P.E.I. type Yorkshiresl)

"Hay and grass are the founda- tion of our cattle industry. We are only recently realizing that grass is our largest crop - in. stead of something that grew where nothing else was planted.

"But handling hay has been our most laborious harvesting op- eration.

"When we combine: Laborioua hay harvest; hand labour feeding cattle; laborious manure handling -we see that the cattle' feeder, whether for milk or beef, has had the worst of the labour deal. .

"But this situation is beginning to break: ,

"Hay baling and handling by conveyors helps.

"Forage harvesters cutting hay green for ensllage cuts labour and raises food value.

"Mechanical silage. and feeding is increasing.

"Manure loaders and spreaders help finish the Job.

"Loafing barns and milking par- lours help the dairyman.

"The livestock feeder has not been less enterprising than the Brain grower in reducing labour- the fact is he had a much more difficult job and he got much less outside help. But he is now wall on the way. which is fortunate for all of us. We like and need meat and dairy products, and if prices are to be kept within reach, production work must be reduced. Certainly on a. per hour basis we cannot expect our farmers to work any cheaper than they have been doing.

"Thus, in brief and as a. broad generality, we have had: rapid increase in farm production per man hour offsetting a rapid xeduc. tion in farm working population.

"Where are we balancing out and where are we going?

"so far overall farm production

seems to be increasing substantial- ly but barely keeping pace with the increase in populatio. In fact I think we have passed the point where food production is keeping pace with” our population increase. "There is of course nothing particularly alarming about this, We are going to have food for our people of the kinds we grow. and food to export in return for the kinds we cannot grow. But we will not maintain the balance on the basis of the present, average .. tums for an hour's work on a farm compared to an hour's work in town. l

other

Serious Unbalancs

"Surely a decline of 257:. in our farm worker population in 11

ment has taken considerable beef. they have seldom taken all the surplus at any time and the situa- tion has not been too satisfactory. They have left the pressure on the packers to market every pound possible in consumer chan- nels, and have constantly urged producers to.hold back their cat- tle until the Amerlcan market re- opened. Unlike hogs, marketing of cattle can be delayed.

"In fact. the Government have gone so far as to buy a few cat. tie themselves and rahchlng them in Saskatchewan. And on several occasions they have made rather optimistic forecasts as to when the embargo would be lifted.

"Lowering of the floor this fall with a promise to advance. it again in April has also discouraged farmers from marketing battle now. The result of all this has been a heavy hcldback of cattle- probably 300,000 that would nor- mally have come to market in 1952. When the embargo is lift- ed it is hoped to market these at reasonably good prices.

"Actually, many farmers would be surprised to know that the American cattle market has beer. below the Canadian equivalent since early last spring - and that the cattle marketed in Can- ada since April have brought bet- ter prices than they would have if the embargo had not been on.

"It should be mentioned that our dairy cattlemen have been bit harder so far than the beef men. They have been out of a market which they had nurtured carefully and with profit - and to a great extent the cows held here have lnssnwhllu added to the problem on milk products.

Most Surplus Marketing

"What about the marketing of these meat surpluses?

"First, pork. The Government programme has piled up 75 mil- lion pounds of canned pork plus a little frozen. The British mar- ket has been entirely out because of shortage of dollars, even thoughthey have had to cut their meat ration again while this aur- plus exists here. we Just haven't been able to make any deal wltn them on po .