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lovers Prince Edward Island Like The new

W. J. Hancos Publishe- Surton Lewts Frank Walker Executive Editor Editor

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De Gaulie's Altitude

In a London dispatch in Satur- day's Guardian, President de Gaulle was described as "the boulder block- ing the way" to Britain's entry into the European Common Market. He remains intransigent and immovable in the face of pleas for compromise to make it easier for Britain to join, while other members of the group are doing everything they can to co- operate. A desperate effort will he made at Brussels this week to avert failure of the negotiations; but if they fail, there is no question as to who will be responsible.

It is hard to reconcile this at- titude of the French president to Britain, even from the standpoint of selfishness and false pride in his aim of leadei'shp of a European bloc or a third world force. Harder still from the standpoint of history. It is worth recalling, as does the Winnipeg Free Press in a recent editorial, some facts in this connection about which the British themselves prefer to be Silent, but which French patriots should never forget

In the dark days of 1939-45. not only did Britain Contribute financial and military aid to rebuild a French army, but also gave the Free French forces a temporary home and afford- ed General de Gaulle personally a re- fuge in which he. could form a gov- ernment in exile and so ensure his own path to power. In her extreme moment of capitulation and defeat, Churchill even offered France Citin- mon citizenship with England, to help the bankrupt and crumbling French nation.

Ile Gaullc‘s memory must be short. Whatever the reasons for his spite- ful and ungcnerous attitude in this instance, he has done his own great reputation serious injury. Nor is it easy to see what he hopes to gain by it for his country. A strong economic community of Europe which includ- ed Britain would surely be of im. mense assurance to France’s own fu— ture security and harmony on the Continent.

Why It Dwindled

The virtual bankruptcy of the Un- employment Insurance Fuud is at- tributed by the Gill committee of inquiry to two basic causes. One is the. “gradual dissipation of the Sound actuarial basis on which the original plan was founded," and the other the change in the economic climate which set in about 1957. Nowhere in the report does one find the ugly word, politics. It seems, nevertheless, that the fund has been the victim of political parties bidding for public favor.

It was intended at the outset that coverage under the fund should be progressively extended. Even so, there was hesitancy about includ- Ing industries subject to seasonal stoppages. To meet the case, Season- el regulations were introduced in 1946; the intent was to bar pay: ments during periods when claim- ants were not normally engaged in employment. But the erosion of this berrler began in 1950. At that time supplementary benefit was provided for those who could not qualify for regqu payments and those eligible were exempted from disqualifica- tion under the Seasonal regulations.

In the revision of 1955, supple- mentary became seasonal benefit, payable at standard rates from Jan. filo April 15. The government guar- hsd already lepeed. Now see-

PAGE ' 6 noxonrfinsunav’ 14,199}.

revokedeudno

drawn up,

.; qr, .

longer apply to any industry. In 1957-58. although the fund was com- ing under pressure, the benefit per- iod was extended by a month at each end. There was a similar relaxation of regulations applying to married women.

The depletion of the' fund is not attributable. report the investiga- tors, to undue increase in benefit rates. The destructive changes have been those relating to eligibility. It has become, by manipulation, “neith- er a valid insurance plan in its pres- ent form, nor it is a socially desir- able type of income supplement." Whatever it is, it now survives merely on handouts from general revenue. The Gill committee has pro- posed a sweeping re-organization in a report which, as one commentator remarks. “is almost bound to prove a very hot potato for political par- ties in this season of maximum temptation.”

Encouraging Industry

By the extension of government aid in one way or another, the Shaw Government has been endeav- oring to bring new industries here. We had no hesitancy in supporting this policy in the recent provincial campaign, and we have become con- vinced, more and more, as to its car- dinal importance to our economy. The same trend is noticeable across Canada. The Federal Government follows it in its budgetary provis- ions, and we note now that the On- tario Government has set up a com- mittee to study how tax incentives may he created to further industrial progress in that province.

One of the possibilities being explored by this Ontario commit- tee is that of taking a certain per- iod in the past as a base, and then granting a cut in taxes to every company in the province that in- creases its exports during the base period, or makes factory shipments in excess of shipments in the base period. or makes greater capital expenditures.

It is realized that all Companies that could qualify for these tax re- ductions would be increasing em- ployment by their expanding ef- forts. and would also be increasing earnings. And more people at work, and more companies with higher earnings, will enlarge the tax field. This means, in effect, that by mak- ing tax concessions a provincial government will be making an in- vestment in higher revenues.

The Montreal Gazette gives this‘proposal its warmest indors- ation. “Insofar as provinces may adopt tax incentives of this kind," it says, “they will win the very best reputation for attracting industrial growth; for they will be the prov- inces that will attract industry by encouraging it. No doubt competi- tion in tax incentives may ensue. But competition in stimulating in~ dustry can do no harm.”

It can, of course, be of special value where the industries to be stimulated are directly connected with the basic industries of the areas in which they operate.

EDITORIAL NOTES

Nearly a fourth of the French work force is employed in farming; about a third of the Italian work force. In the United States, only about one-fifteenth of the work force is on .the farms. The Wall Street

Journal points out that if the U.S. .

devoted as large a portion of its manpower to farm work as does Italy, it wuld need nearly 25 million farm hands instead of five million.

The deadline for income tax re- turns is almost four months away but there are some bright pros- pects for people with families. Ac- cording to one tax authority, child- ren eligible for family allowances will now represent an exemption of $300, up $50 from last-year and up $150 from 1957. A $50 boost goes to families with other dependants, this being $150 more than the 1957 figure.

O O

The debate over atomic arms for Canada, suggests an exchange, would be more useful and would have a better chance of ending in a wise decision if those who oppose nuclear weapons did not assume that those who want them are secretly itching to go to war, and if those who want nuclear weapons dd not assume that those who oppose them are Secretly itching to sell out to the Commun- late. ?

$DMME or 96%

\

THE CFIANGING SEASONS

OTTAWA REPORT by Patrick Nicholson

Tokyo Would Have Welcomed Hees

1

Justice Minister Donald Flem . Ing and Fisheries Minister An-l gus Mar-Lean were appointed to : represcnt Canada at the first‘ mccting of the Canada-Japan I Joint Ministerial Committee inl Tokyo last wcck.

This commitutce stemmed from discussions during the vi- sit of the Japanese Prime Min- ister, Mr. lkeda. to Ottawa last i summer. Its purpose is to p e r- ‘ mit the periodical exchange of, views at the Cabinet level on ‘ matters of common interest. Such matters include trade. and problems which might be caus- t ed by that trade; and may even t extend to s u c II ficlds as migra- tion. for overcrowded Japan couldnvcll sock an outlet for“ emigrants In our empty areas 1

But of course the chief area for the exchange of views be- tween the two countries is the economic field. We want grow- ing outlets for our raw mater- Ials: Japan wants over-expand— ing markets for her manufact- ured products; we want capital to finance the development of our resources; Japan wants cre- dit to assist her purchases of raw materials to feed her fac- tories; and Japan also needs more quantities of more varie- ties of food to feed her popula-

on. CANADA: BLACK AND WHITE

Just as we have for long been a fairy godmother to U.S.A. ex- porters. buying from them goods enormously in excess of the val- no of what their country will

PUBLIC

FORUM

OUR MILITARY ROLE g

S‘ _ is indeed with hu- - mility that I take up pm to con. ' gratulatc Mr. C. J. Smith on its recent letter to your paper. His depth of understanding of our military role has been ably supported by Amcrica's distin. guishcd rctiring general Nor- stad whose enlightening rcvcla- tion in Ottawa recently should help plif our politicians back on the right track. ‘

These politicians of ours are, so absorbed with politics and y the election, they have forgotten ‘ we have a commitimcnt or pcr- l haps have forgotten they ever made a commitment to NATO.‘ or perhaps the boys were out seeing Paris at the time this committment was mad .

It seems to me stupid 3 it must to Mr. Smith and General and any - American, that the? U.S.A. and the U.S.A. alone Iinl

the Western campl have the only means of destroying the world many times over: I think Can- ada should take advantage ofl this generous offer fall we need I Is a few billion In U.S. curren-' cyt and secure enough nuclear material to blow the universe up at least once or twice. We would, of course. have to share the trigger of such a device with some U.S. general, and the U.S. have lots of them (generals that 15). The reason, of course, is to make sure we emotional Cana- dians don't fire the darn thing in the wrong direction, or perhaps a political group, say the Soc- ial Credit, might be supplying the thinking at some future date and decide to fire it at one or all of their political opponents. Anywa , he U. general would give Canada’s civilians more safety from unstable poli- tical or military thinking that does occur here in Canada.

I remember back in 1948 a very wise retiring U.S. general commented that the U.S. Air Force could destroy 98 percent of nuclear bombers sent again- It- her before they reached the U.S.A. This was a rather bad prospect for Canada because it meant we got the 98 percent while the U.S. got the 2 percent, but today in this missile age we only expect our rightful share.

Now being an Islander, I hope Mr. K'a predictions of ec- curecy of his missiles are as good as he says they are, in which case we Islanders need not worry. We may, wiiih in be the only survivors, because

6 I‘

we are not a get.

I can envisage our Island as e in em dey version of the Ark, but let us hope this will not come to pass. It might seem 1:7,: thing to be desired though,

dent for Shaw

eel e royal _ to study this possibility because this lime the this: should he

set right. Many of the problems

- afion from

we have today copflhe elimin- ated. We could. , mule.

\ .4

develop a race of people with one tongue, neither English nor French, but somewhere in be- tween as we now speak. We would be of one colour —— al- most white —— and we would be of one political faction, and that ing Conservative (pro- gressive that isl.

am, Sir, ctc.. RETARDED PROGRESSIVE.

HISTORIC BUILDING Sin—Recently a group of usi were discussing the history of‘ this Province and in particularI the history of the Confederationl

, Building.

am in possession of a copy of “Campbell's History of Prince Edward Island" printed in 1375 by Brcmner Bros. of Charlotte- town which has many of the answers to our questions.

Requests for the information contained In this history are ecoming more numerous as people realize the closeness of our centenary celebrations. I am therefore enclosing a quot- book trusting you will print it so all will know the answers to pass on to no visitors in 1964. "

“0n the sixteenth of May. 1843, the corner stone of the Colonial Building was laid by the Governor, Sir Henry Vere Huntley. A procession was form- ed at Government.House, an d moved in the following order: masons, headed by a band of music, then followed the Gov- ernor on horseback, surrounded by his stuff; after whom came the Chief Justice, the members of the executive and legislative councils, the building commit- tee, the various heads of depart- ments, the magistracy, —- the members of the Independent Temperance Society bringing up the rear.

"Having, with trowel an d mallet, gone through the c e r e- mony. Hie Excellency said: The legislature h eving granted means for the erection of a pro- vincial building and the corner stone having been now laid, I trust that a new era of prosper- ity will open in this colony, and am satisfied that the walla about to rise over this alone will re- sounthith sentiments expres- sive of British feeling, British principles, end British loyalty. .“A royal salute was then fir- ed, and three hearty cheers for

him-

the queen were drede who had collected to wit- nese the proceedings. The design was drafted by Isaac Smith, president of the Mechenice' In- stitute, and the building was to be composed of tone; m- ported from Nova Scotie, -- the estimated cost being nearly ele- ven thousand pounds currency.

"The Legislature met for the first time in the new colonial building in January, 1047."

Perhaps this kernel may to- ephe you to start a Menu on Ieleud My preparing Islanders for the 1m eeleln'eflous.

1 am. Ilr, etc. READER

We. , ‘

buy from us, so have we expect- ed other countries to be similar i-ai-ry godmothers to us. We have cast Britain and Japan especial- ly in that role. And this is a

me.

We sell to Britain far in 0 re than we buy from her, and our present customs procedures are designed to keep British exports to Canada as low as possible. Hence our repute in Britain to- day simply stinks, to express it frankly. We are treating Japan as badly. In 1961, for" example we sold to Japan goods w o rt h almost exactly twice as much as the goods we bought from Ja-

'in.

But trade must be a two-way street: the country which wish- es to sell must be willing to buy on a comparable scale. Despite our huge favourable balance in our trade with Japan, we have been insisting that that country

ould impose voluntary buo- tas on Its exports to us. Yet without so much as a peep we permit U.S.A. to export to us thirty times as much as Japan oes. and we willingly shoulder a deficit in our trade with U.S.A. which itself is six times the val- ue of our total purchases fr om Japan,

There can be little surprise that we hear all the time th at Japan hopes to sell more to Can- ada: she has a good case. It is perhaps unfortunate that this goodwill delegation had to be led by Donald Fleming, who typifies to Japan's traders th e flinty-faccd curbing of sales.

In Ottawa's secret conclavcs. i there are two approaches to trade with Japan. These are called "The Finance View" and “The Trade Commerce View". The former is the Flem- ing formula. dating from the years when he was our Minister of Finance. It aims to enforce "voluntary" quotas on Japan- ese exports to Canada; it is in- flexible. it. is not understanding it is unhelpful.

The other is of course the view of Trade Minister George Hees. This Is sensible and con- structive. and deserves to be known by and studied by our Japanese friends. In brief, the George Hees position is that we do not want Japan to flood the Canadian market with goods wiiich are made in Canada: that will damage our manufacturers, It might. and indeed it has, crip- pled whole industries or whole communities in Canada.

But we would welcome Jap- anese study of our Imporla from other countries. ’

Our Yesterday’s

(From the Guardian Filee)

TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO January 14, 1038

The January issue of the Can- adlan Geographical Journal con- tains an article by Stewart MacNutl. M.A., formerly of Charlottetown, on the scenic beauties of the Rhine. It accom- panies a series of magnificent illustrations.

Malcolm Morley, who for many years has been connect- ed with the theatre in London. England is to arrive in Char- lottetown January 20 lo adjudi- cate the P.E.I. Sub-Regional Drama Feelival, to be held at the Strand Theatre. January 11.

YEARS AGO

\

V

. January .

On Christmas Day e Cornwall resident had an unexpected vis- itor. l was a deer. The animal ~elallr into the yard just as the farmer was carrying a e of pulped turnips to the here. The animal stopped and sniffed the air and then came close be fed its Christmas diner from the fermer'e hand. ,

TheJuutorChemberofOom-

Order of Nurses ef- ler hearing the Henry MecWilIiem Iuhmitted at their

8

Phobias Are Said Difficult To Cure

filly Dr. Theodore B. Van Delleu

MANY widely known mani- festations of nervousness can be traced to recurrent or continu- ous apppreheusion. Those with an anxiety syndrome. for ex- ample, complaiu of palpitatiou of the heart, rapid Irregular breathing, and a heavy feeling or “load” an the cheat. Others peraplre profusely. feel flushed. develop a constrictive sensation in the throat, or suffer from butterflies in the stomach.

Sudden tremor or muscular tension occurs also, as well as a feeling of fainting. A d of I ulte faint. A definite faint, such as occurred in the swooping wom- en of a generation ago, no long- er is popular.

Some anxieties are so Intoler- able lhe mind comes to the rescue and changes the manl- fe‘stalions lo a phobia or obses- sion. These defensive traits may make the individual fear heights crowds. or other situations which he avoids by blaming his pho- bia. This may sound silly or no- reasonable buf a phobia is diffi- cult to overcome. -

Obsessions bring preoccupa~

tion with certain thoughts or fantasies. Compulsions a re somewhat different: victims of this pattern perform repetitive acts sueh as counting cars on the street, touching certain ob- jects, or other rituals. tempt by others to make the obsessive cease these practices leads to a renewal of the anxi- ety. The person with claustro- phobia is the same; he becomes panic-stricken when forced to stand In a small closet or ele- valor. . How does anxiety come about. All of us encounter problems in our daily living but some of us have trouble ad- justing to them because we ne- ver developed in childhood 3 sense of security or attitudes that led to maturity. Many of these sufferers come from un- stable homes or had difficulties adjusting to school or work.

According to Dr. Jules Mas- serman, anxiety reactions arise when the individual encounters some actual or symbolic danger to his integrity, control, or iden- tity. Dr. Masserman used as examples an impending test at school, disappointment in love, or a difficult or unwanted job. Anxiety decreases when stress diminishes.