PAGE FOUR _ THE GUARDIAN

Morning Dally (rounded In will) Authorised n: Second (Jinn Mail, Post Office Jhpnrtmrnt, Ottawa.

The Islnnrl (lunrdlnn Publishing Co. Editor and Managing illrrrtor, J. ll. Ilnrnett. Auoclnie Editor, Frank Walker.

_"The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest lnk"

CIIARLOTTETOWN. FRIDAY, DEC. 2, 1949

0ne Supreme iiourt

With the establishment of the Supreme Court of Canada as the ultimate court of appeal there is naturally a desire that its name should be distinctive and indicative of the finality of its decisions. It was to express this feeling that Mr. John Diefen- baker, Saskatchewan M. P., suggested in Parliament that the Provinces be approach- ed with the object of changing the names of Provincial courts with which it might be confused. The Supreme Court of Prince Edward Island is one of those referred to. A change in name for that court would re- sult in greater clarity even within the Prov- ince. At present the term Supreme Court may mean a judge of that court sitting with or without a jury, or it may mean a bench of Supreme Court judges sitting on appeal from a judgment of that court.

This would be an appropriate time to unite the courts of Chancery, Probate, Di- vorce and common law, making them divi- sions of one High Court or Superior Court, with a Provincial Court of Appeal. The change would be only one of nomenclature, and would result in greater popular under- standing of our judicial system.

Prominent As Historians

One native Prince Edward Islander and one gentleman who has intimate associa- tions with this Province are in the fore- front in historical achievements at tlie present time. The former is Professor Ed- gar McInnis, of Toronto University, whose recently published book, “The English Speaking Peoples", written in collaboration with J. H. S. Reid, has earned favorable notice at home and abroad, and who has now been appointed to a chair in modern history at his University. The Toronto Telegram hails this appointment as “a well merited reward for years of strenuous writ- ing activity which has attracted attention both from scholars and laymen all over the world." Professor McInnis, who belongs to Charlottetown, is perhaps best known for his six-volume work “The War” (194049 and for “The Unguarded Frontier”, which won him the Governor Generals award in 1943.

Mr. David M. Legate, son of the late Rev. Dr. Legate, former pastor of St. James Presbyterian Church here, has written a special supplement for the Montreal Stand- ard entitled “The Red Patch: The Story of the First Division." Issued on the anni- versary of the sailing overseas of Canada's First Division in World War Two, the story is of particular interest to all war veterans and is accompanied by~a foreword by Major General Pearkes, V.C., M.P., who commanded the Division for the longest per- iod of the six general officers command- ‘mg. Mr. Legate sailed with the first coil- tingent in December, 1939 and served with

soaking the rich. Nearly half of the total income of taxpaying, Canadians is made by those earning $200 a month or less. But their share of the total tax paid is only slightly more than one-quarter.

In the various income groups, the larg- est individual amount is raised from those in the $10,000 to $15,000 class. Their in- come is 3.5 per cent of the total but they pay 7.96 per cent of the total tax. The $2,- 400-$2,500 group has the same proportion of total income but its proportion of the total tax is only 2.38 per cent.

EDITORIAL NOTES

No appointment yet of a County Court Judge for Queen's. What could be the cause of the delay?

U! O O

Coming events casting shadows before. Mr. McNaught occupied a place on the Gov- ernment front bencii this week, while the “Financial Post” mentions him as a likely new addition to the Government.

O I O

Use of the term "flash floods" to describe sudden temporary inundutioiis is indefens- ible. “Flash fire" vividly describes a sud- den blaze but when applied to ivater be-

comes an absurdity.

O O

The awkwardness of the titles Secretary of State for External Affairs and Assistan, Undersecretary of State for External Affilill~ has moved politicians and newspapermen to seek for something simpler. What could be easier than Foreign Secretary and its obvi- ous abbreviation Foreign Sec.

For two generations the political pen- dulum has been swinging from laissez faire towards socialism. The Commonwealth of New Zealand has been in the forefront of the change. Now New Zealand is turning back or at least away from state enterprise. Perhaps the end of the present trend is within sight .

I

Queen’s County Liberals advocate the choosing of future House leaders by the party rather than by the elected members. That is a practice long followed by the Pro- gressive Conservative Party and results in a more democratic choice, but it also gives the chosen leader greater personal authority than when he is merely princips inter pares. I O

Hermando Cortes, Spanish soldier and colonizer, born this date 1485. He. assisted in the conquest of Cuba in 1511; took charge of the colonists sent to Mexico in 1519; founded Vera Cruz; was worshipped as a god by subjects of Montezuma, Eni- peror of Mexico whom he subsequently de- throned, and in 1521 subdued Mexico as a colony of Spain; discovered Lower Cali- fornia in 1536.

Mr. Wilfrid Lacroix, M. P., has been receiving congratulations from Quebec farm- ers on his agitation to relieve them to a. cer- tain extent of succession duty. Speaking in the budget debate, Mr. Lacroix said that farmers are prepared to pay income tax but they want fair treatment. He said that under the present law if a farmer decides to pass his farm to his son and the value of the

the First Division for three years, late? becoming Deputy Overseas Commissioner of the Canadian Red Cross.

income Tax Statistics

According to the 1949 issue of the loo- minion Government publication,‘ “Taxation Statistics", lawyers were in the elite class with incomes averaging slightly over $7,309 in 1947. Doctors, engineers and architects followed closely, all with average incomes well over $7,000. Dentists and then osteo- paths and chiropractors come next on the list. The first business group to appear on the list is that made up of business partners, with average income of slightly m9" than $4,267.

The average income of farmers is Show" as $2,616. Employees of all types have an average income of $2.137- A Surprisingly

10w average income, in view of the rates I charged, salaries received and demand T01‘ their services is, that TBPOTIBd by "urses- It is only $1,279 D91‘ Year- _

When it comes to the avoidance of in- come taxes, the most highly Sucwssful Pmc‘ tltioners among all the 81'0"!” seem t° be the farmersof Quebec. In the whole of that province, which has a farm Dfiplllailfl" °i 338,861, only 540 farmers paid 1947 income taxes and the total of the tax paid Woo $79-- 000. New Brunswick farmers came off sec- ond best, with 26o pavins only $3°»°°° m" of a total 163,706 farm population. In Prince Edward Island 230 farmers paid 000 out of a total farm population of 51,067.

A; previously indicated in our Ottawa despatciies, Charlottetown stands ninth on we 11hr of Canadian cities from the stand-

income. "°“1{,,‘1,’..?.".-°‘{.“.i§. showii III‘ the book is that 5o Wrmt of all income taxes come from peoplqmakjng $4,000 a- year or less. Even

”,_,rip,ciov0mmon¢ is a fair lob of

farm is above $4,000 a tax has to be paid. The tax is 1O per cent on the first $1,000., and 12 per cent on the second, 14 per cent on the third and so on up to about 25 per cent. This tax should be eliminated. He said farmers are not refusing to pay income tax, but they lack the education and the ex- planations necessary to understand the coin- plicated income tax system. Collectors sent out in Quebec were not familiar with farm- ing and they chose to disregard the calcula- tions made by the farmers. Only men ex- perienced in agriculture should be sent out as income tax collectors.

I

Furthering the “made in Canada” move- ment, a Quebec M.P. has given notice that he would move a resolution to the effect that the next Governor-General should be a Canadian citizen. Commenting on this, “Le Droit" says: “By such a move there would be no question of indicating that we are not satisfied by the Governors-General who have come to us from Great Britain. The change would not, for example, be intended as any unfavorable reflection on the present holder of that office, if he were to be the last from his country to hold such a high position. It would merely show that we are becoming more Canadianized. We should only be fol- lowing the footsteps of another Common- wealth country which in essence is strongly British, namely, Australia. know when the present Governor-General will leave us. He has been here three years and there is nothing in the statutes to de- termine the length of his stay. In the past, this mandate has been for a period of three to seven years. But there is nothing to hinder us from deciding that, from the time he leaves, he shall be succeeded by a Cana- dian, either English or French-speaking, to be followed alternately by one or the other to the benefit of the two great races consti-

tuting the Canadian nation,"

THE GUARDIAN. CI-IARLOTTETOWN That Road To The Isle

FERRY CROSSING

'\ D - 3199-"? ’ “~- p.€-- __~.~ F‘

'5

We do not yet s“

TIIE POETS GIFT

How many paltry, foolish. painted things,

That now in Coaches trouble ev‘ry Street.

$11311 Po forgotten. whcm no Poet snigs,

E" “WV be well wrappkj in their winding shoot?

Whore _l to thee Eternltie shall

give, When nothing else rerJi-ayneth of

these dayes,

And Quecnes hereafter shall be glad to live

Upon the Aims of thy superfluous praise.

Virgin: and Matron: reading these my Rimes.

Shall be so much delighted with tlty story.

That they shall grieve they lived not in these Times, To have seen thee, their Sexes only

gloiy.

So shalt thou fly above the vulgar Tbrong,

Still to survive ln my immortal Song.

-Mlchael Drayt-on (1563-1601)

Producing Better Sheep

(St. Thomas Times-Journal)

A discussion of much interest to sheep breeders in Canada look place recently at a meeting in Que- bec where J. W. Graham, of the production‘ services of the Domin- ion Department of Agriculture, un- folded a plan for raising better sheep.

Briefly. the "New Deal" hopes to adapt the successful production of Elfflwlhy fat lambs as carried on on mixed farms in the United Kingdom, to Canadian farms. The hope ls to persuade farmers to change their present blocks of rivcrage to poor WIlIlP-IIICIEFI ewes for cross-bred ewes (in Britain they are called half-brads) pro- tiuccri on specially designed fni-ms, using on these black-faced rams of the Down breeds. The resulting lambs would thus have a double dose of hybrid vigor, nnd should be ready for market earlier and a". heavier weights. Under the new plan all lambs would he turned off each year for four or five crops,‘ then the ewe flock would be sold and replaced with more crossbrcds.

Mr. Graham stated that the sys- tem of grading sheep in Eastern Canada is at. fault, and he felt that the cross-breeding system uscrl in Britain should be useful. He explained that. pure hrcd breed- ers of Border Leisccslcrs in the Scottish Lowlands produce the rnms which nrc crossed on North Country, Cheviot. ewes. or on the smaller Barrier Clievlots. The re- sulting cwo lambs are sold in lnrge numbers M Border and North of England auctions and are bought by .. arable farmers and rialrymen in flocks of from 50 to several hundred: Oxford, Hamp- shire, or Suffolk rams are used on these "half-breds“, producing the lnmbs which make up the bulk of commercial lamb sold in Britain Both wethers and ewes of this lat- ter Cross aresnlri, the Origin"! flock of half-breeds being sold nfter four or five years and rc- plnccd by n new flock of the half- hrccd ewe lambs.

If the cross-breeding system is nctcd upon Mr. Graham bellow-d that the planned use of hybrid vigor would ensure better lluniiiv lambs seldom attainable in any other ivny.

Protecting Us

(Winnipeg Free Press)

A remarkable degree of solicit- ude on the part. of Russia for the welfare of western nations has been made public by M1‘. Vishln-

l-lls revelation was made during a U.N. committee meeting which ivas discussing the Russian jam- mlng of rsdlo broadcasts from Britain and the United States. People in the western nation". have always assumed that. the Kremlin took this action because it. fem-ed tn expose its subjects to the truth as contained in the broadcasts.

But such s- vlew, according to Mr. Vlshlnsky‘; explanation, is completely naive and incorrect. i-ie said that. Russia jam-med the

broadcasts not because they were true hilt because they were filled

‘mcFii-oi or Radio

(Ottawa Journal)

The privately-owned radio sta- .lons again have gone crying to the Nlasscy Culture Commission that llicy are not. getting a square deal from CBC and from the Govern- ment.

One of them told the Commis- sion that the development of ru- dio in Canada. came largely from the willingness of Canadians, in the pioneering days of the indus- try, to risk their personal funds "and carry a substantial loss foi- many years". The argument seems to have been that. the broadcasting stations thereby acquired a sort of yiested right to peipetual use of the air waves. The fact is - and the situation has been observed in Ottawa as in many cities _ that almost invariably those pioneers did vcry well indeed with their investments. We think of the case of a. radio station started on ii shoestring, improved out of prof- its, presently sold for a comfort- able fortune, and we are quite sure this is not unique.

What. the private broadcasters want. is, of course, freedom from control, freedom to use the air waves for their own advantage as they see it. That. is, we think, n wholly untenable proposition. 5o intimate a thing as radio, which roaches into almost every Canad- lan home, cannot be loft. to the exploitation or those whose main

‘concern is with private profit. The

Canadian Broadcasting Corporation is far from faultless, but we are convinced that ln the main it op- crates nnd has operated in the public interest, that radio in this country ls better nml healthier be- cause CBC exists.

There is n place for private broadcasting, but only lf it accepts the pattern now well established. The alternative might be more control rather than less. Last week in the Commons we saw Mr. Cold- well urge that the Combines Act be amended to cover the private broadcasting stations. They had, Iln said, issued “e. comprehensive list of charges" which members of the Canadian Association of Broadcasters must observe, and the 00F leader declared that this constituted "a combination in re- straint of competition in radio broadcasting fees". '

Russian people were to hear these untruths they would grow so angry at the western nations that they would make co-operatlon between the Kremlin and the west exceed- ingly difficult.

Apparently this fearful prou- pect has not stopped Britain end the United States from trying to break through the kilowatt cur- tain. And according to the British U. N. delegate. Mr. Hector McNeil, the 3.13.0. has largely succeeded in the task. Its broadcasts are now getting through and nmy be hem-d regularly in the Moscow area.

So far as it ls known there has been as yet no great surge of D09- ulat indignation against Britain ln that area; not even. as may some- times be heard in this country, e demand for the soslp of the 3.3.0. announcer.

ADIIIITS HAVING TWO WIVES

TOWDNIO, Dee. 1 -(CP) --6em- uel '1‘. McNalr, 49-year-old hotel waiter who walked in to e police Still-IOU last night. and admitted having two wives. was remanded to. day to Dec. 5 on a charge of blgamy. Police said McNnir told them his conscience "bothered" him, He said he was married In st. Paul's Church. Ottawa. in 1927. and went through s form _of marriage with another woman ln Toronto lost March.

WOMAN AVIATOR A Boston lltftvspflpel‘ woman. Harriet Quimby. was the first of her sex ‘to fly the English Chan- nel in I912.

QOO

Old Charlottetown (Aha ‘r. n. Li

-¢_-

THE COLONIAL BUILDING

1t was with the modest grant of £10,000 that the government of the day undertook iimconstruct the Colonial Building. This did not absolve it from the charge of ex- travagance, as appears from the following editorial comment from The Islander newspaper of Oct. ll, i844:

"Every tax imposed upon the land, and consequently on agricul- lnre, unless it is to be expended in their improvement, is founded in folly; and if an illustration be wanting, let anyone walk into Queen's Square, and there may be seen an useless expenditure of ihoumnds. exitracted from the land. lMhICh might have been more usefully a-pplled in the construct- in-g of limekilns. or any other analogous purpose , _ _

"Nothing could have been more congenial to our wishes than to see our ca-pital adorned with e, handsome public building, to con- tain houses of legislature and pub- lic offices. But public projectors. as well as private ones. are bound to consider whether they can af- ford the required outlay; and pub- lic projectors have not only so -to consider the subject. but whether the money to be laid out might not be more advantageously orn- ploycd for the interests of those they represent . . .

"To lavish money on publig buildings may be complacent. ls it is ostentatious; to turn every resource into that course of ex- penditure which will lead to in- creased wealth, would be a better exercise of senatorial wisdom. Whilst on this topic. we might recommend the visitors and in- habitants of Charlottetown to take a walk to the site of the new Lun- atic Asylum and Hospital, in the course of erection; an edifice much more wanted than the oth- er, to which we have alluded. It is progressing, and will be n very handsome and commodious build- ing: and we feel bound to draw a marked distinction between an expenditure for a benevolent pur- pose. and that for an ostentatious

All things are of God. who hath reconciled us to Himself by Jesus Christ, and hath given m us the ministry of reconciliation: to wit. that God was in Christ: reconciling the world unm Himself. not imput- ing their tresplsses unto them.

G. F. Hutcheson 8r Son

OPTOHITBIBTB

l ‘Specialist In tbs fitting ol glusos for the correction of

ocular defoeta."

l Bil GRAFTON STREET

Electrical Contractor .

WIRING AND REPAIRING ERNEST B. RAMSAI. 129 Elm A10 Phone lllll

HARD

thraclfo in Nut and Stove

‘with untruthl him: Ruuls. If the

COAL

We are well stocked with Reading's Famous An-

slzes. We will have Welsh

Hard Coal for Furnaces, arriving next week. Also COKE, OLD SYDNEY and SPRINGIIILL, etc.

W. ll. GILLIS G0. LTII.

PHONE 1'76

DECEMBER z, 194.;

~2

It iud not seemed that there was any remaining indignity that the leaders of Soviet Russia could perpetrate against. the people of Poland. With their usual re- sourcefulness in such matters, however, the men in the Kremlin have managed to find one. They have ordered the appointment of Marshal Konstantin Rokossovsky of the Red Army as Defence Minister of Poland. and have an- nounced that he has been reliev- ed of his military duties for this purpose-illlashlngton Post.

For sn old mine whose only demise was freely predicted as long a: 10 years ago it is indeed a moment of hearty congratula- tion when that company, still with profitable years of life in sight. starts on its 25th year of continuous dividend payments. Such is the case with ‘Peck-Hughes which next year completes its first quarter century a: n dividend pay- er. Since 1928, when the first divi- dend was paid, Took-Hughes has distributed to its shareholders $9.73 per share or a total of $43,- 815,224. it is en enviable record and one which the directors and operating management can view with pai-donable pride. —— Northern Miner.

In the lost few years alarm clocks have been undergoing a revolution. They now come in all shapes and sizes. There are square clocks and round clocks, clocks shaped like towers or pillars, clocks that hang suspended like gyroscopes. and clocks that fold up into cases. The green paint of other days has been replaced by silver and gold. cream tints and imitation marble. In place of the former loud summons, we now have chimes and tinklets. The lef- ert thing ls s combination radio and alarm that wakes you up by switching on a program at. the fateful hour. This, however, is only the beginning. According to a story in the New York World- Telegram, the industry's attention L! now focused on machines that conceal their purpose altogether. At an exhibit. a reporter saw clocks disguised as a child's build- ing block; this last. we suppose. is for Junior‘: special benefit. —