i-ld! llffllff"

. labor.

‘obtained for the purpose. and

n

TOILET WAfEIR

. Thouilands of doiiars's worth of good bog feed 808s every year to the feeding of mange mites and lice. That ‘is to say, after the bogs bays fed cii the grain, milk. pasture and other good feed provi- ded them and have put it in th_e way of becoming good bacon. tho parasites swarming over the eni- meis‘ bodies take their toll and ra- duce the victims’ flesh through dis- comfort and disease, These par- asites are more numerous in the cold weather, when .the hair is thick; but Summer is an excellent time to exterminate the pests thlit remain over the season.

The instinctive habit of the hog to wallow in water when th- weather is warm may be taken advantage oi in applying treatment for externalparasites. department experts say. By lnedicsting the water in properly waliows. remedies for lice and mange may be applied in a autis- factory manner with a minimum expenditure of money. time If the results from the use of medicated wullows are to

i»

be satisfactory, however, it is. necessary to consider the nature. rind habits of the animals to be

treated and plan nccordlnglgn.

if conditions are such that hogs may exercise choice in the mat- ter. they invariably select shallow water in which to wallow. 1f the nostrils can bc kept above the surface easily. the hog will; lie down on its side and roll, then get up and repeat the OPGHIIIOII on the other side until tllc entire body is wet.

The proper depth of ilquod in the wallow depends upon the sizc and number of hogs using the will- low. For pigs weighing from i0 to 80 pounds. the wallow should be charged with liquid to the depiiiI of about 3 inches. For hogs from, 80 to 1'50 pounds, 4 inches is §\ll~i ficient. The medicated liquid should never be so deep that the llflgs arc afraid to lie in it. For a number of liogs of varied sizes, s dcivth of from 3 to 4 inches, is most practicable. No medicine should be added until the hogs have had three or‘ four days toI get accustomed to the wallow. it should not be kept medicated fol more than about 48 hours lit a tinicfas the hogs‘can get wcti soaked in that time, and constant application is liable to irritate the akin. After that. mcdicaments may be added at intervals of n week or l0 days.

Crude petroleum is one of simplest remedies’ that can

tfifil be

is the only one that will eradicate both lice and mange with treatment. No licntingequipmentl lmllbblllllry, slid any kind of reasonably good water can be userL, The oil apparently does not injure the animals if the fresh-oiled hogs receive proper care and attention Unprocessed crlide oil, as it comes from the wells, is probably the most effective crude oil dip.’ However, processed crude petro- lcum. known to the trade as fuel oii, which is the residue froln manufacturing gasoline and other liglit hydrocarbons, is conlmonly used and is effective in eradict- ing lice and mange As a rule. ills thinner the processed crude oil. the bettcr it is for a dip or wnlloiv. ' .

l

cease»: Aavsulne.

. Admirers of the "Bonnie Ayr-' shire" would be delighted to lluvei a. look over the herd of Mr. C. T. , Ferguson, Craggan Farm, Marsh- fleld, consisting of some twenty- five head of tipy» Ayrshires headed by the splendid individual Prospec- tor of Cragg-sn. {a son of Fsirvlew Milkmen. hint-small brother to Milk- maid 7th. former world's champion two year old. Prospectofs dam has a 11.0.1’; record of over 9.000 pounds milk ind 350 pounds fat. Among the metrons at Craggan are Mayflower ll, with a. R.-0.P. re- cord of 10.800 milk and 425 pounds butter. This cow and her sister Mayflower 3rd and sired by the no-

ted hull Glasgow ‘Special, whose‘

Painful Nllllraigia ‘ fortllrlng Sciatica

sorilcolvle rnoul "rue cam-z oAuas-r-uiu wareav etooo

“Most people think of neuralgia 55 B» pain in the houd or face, but IWIIFNKII may affect any nerve in the body. ‘Different names are giv- en to it when it affects certain nerves. Thus neuralgia of the sciatic nerve is called sciatica. but the-character of the pain» and the,

nature of the deseasc are‘ the. "m6- Tllc pain in neuralgia lsl caused by starved nerves. The

blood‘ which carries nourishment i“ "ifusrves has become tiitn until

Imfillrflflllfl nolobger does so. and-

tlre pain you fool, is the cry of the; "°'I'.°l M!‘ their natural food. You my ease the pains of neuralgia with not applications. but real re-' lier from the trouble comes by en-j riehisr and punlyiiit the blood._ F0!’ this purpose Dr. William‘ Pink Plllrlrs strongly recommended ' Thsls pills moles new. rich blood. "M "His act as s most effective nerve tonic. i-f you are suffering, from this most dreaded of troubles or any form oi nerve trouble‘. clve, thesclplllb s Mlrtflfl.‘ Iu4~~ note_ upd-enmtm can‘ fellow.-

‘ Avmaow can flflflflffifil UP

iron ‘m: aoee'A,.,,,,,,,,wm_u_

constructedl A5 9118mm Aryshlres are among

and~

dli-lKht-ers are making good in tbeI M!" Ffifsusou is l’! present running in m, mo? besides tthe above mentioned w... RIwWII-‘Ifd. Com of Crsggan, Em. 1""! of Crsssan inn Billy o, CW5. Bari these cows are bred from such good sires ns Fairvlew Reform" and Fnirview Kitchener and lira “ti-WE ‘up crediteible records, Com hflvlns almost 1400 pounds of 4 p. c. milk in March and April. An other splendid heifer is Jean of Crsssan ii. whose mother Jean °I Cllsflsn has lust finished a yearly “w” °I 9977 pounds milk w“ 45° pounds fat her average test being 4,51 p, .;,

All the young stuff at. Crnggsn filer-m are from the present herd I 1'8.

m" 0149M Ayrshire herds nothing but pure bred sires being used r...- ovcr thirty years the first pure bred female being "Grape Vina" bred by the late Senator Ferguson nad sired by one of our first pure bred sires, Blair No. 98. of P.E.l. he dam being Liiyim-aid. . ‘ The writer had the pleasure of looking over the register of this cow. it being issued by the P.E.l. Ayrshire Cattle Register and sign- ed by our esteemed citizen Charles C. Gardner, Esq.. who was than President of the Aynshire breed- ers of P. E. island. .'l‘bis certi- ficate is dated Jilly 24th. 1896. From Grape Vine Mr. Ferguson and h-ie father. the late John A. Ferguson have lbullt up one of the best commercial herds of Ayr- shires in the province. proof of which is the receipts obtained from

Dunetaffnage Creamery. . Craggan Ayrshires have been entered in the accredited herd

system and have passed the initial test without having one reactor. This alone should place them ir.

the front rank as ‘breeders. __--¢-o-c>—-———

HOW WE CAN MEET THE SHORTAGE OF HAY AND STRAW IN EASTER-N CANADA

(Experimental Fa rms Notefi.

The Experimental Farms Branch of the Department of Agriculture at Ottisiwtl fully applyclates the very serious condition of affairs

Qn¢ likely to result ilrom crop shortageJ were Wm be very "we

realizing that wdthout careful thought and stud-y on tllc part cf sill concerned. the live stock of Eastern Canada are in danger o depletion. The following paragraphs

(lotions nrliich it is proposed to deal with more l-n detail in the immediate future.

The general crop situation in, Eastern Canada during the pres- ent season indicates the necessity of radical changes in the feeding of roughage this winter. How may roughage he saved‘! What are the substitutes, ii‘ any? it has been shown that live stock may be maln- tnincd on ii ration of concentrates. This is neither practical. econom- icu-i. nor necessary, however. in very brief form the situation may be approached under tile following headings:

Car; in Feeding. .. i Possiblyin 75 per cent of our live stock farriis lid-it)’ and straw have been ovcrfed. With the niows full and hay cheap, our live stock have been asked to obtain the nuti-fcnts necessary for their mutu- tenanco and growth by handling large quantities of crude fibre with ii comparatively small percentage c1 nutrients. Under these partied, iur conditions they have’. come through the winter at least fuiriyl Dcii. With hay and straw at a premium. however. the question arises to what extent can roughage‘ be out out of the ration of the horse or cow and substituted with other foods which are prncuruble. Very; [ow rrl-rlcru have ever had occasion, to weigh the hay which they lire fending their live stock. The manger is filled and the operation repent- ed. When it is considered thlit the standard recommendation for the feeding nf hay to horses is at the rnte of 1 lb.. to every 100 lbs.. cf live iveiglllt it twill be appreciated that lnliny horses have. in the past. eaten buy for their ow-r. amuse- ment only. when it is realised 111st g or 9 lbs. of good clover hay and 4 or 5 lhs.. of mil straw ls all the roughage needed for the milk- ing cow supplied with a well bai- rinced meal lmlxture rind ensllage it will be cvldeni that hay is in the very great majority of cases overfed to cnttic. Even for the producing dairy hcrli Where 11° other roughage appeilffi I" ‘he "W ion and IWIIUIQ it is supplemented only by concentrates the very limit of hay that would be required would be 2o lbs. daily with as." 8 or 9 lbs. of out strarw ahd this for the cow ‘that is producing. it is safe u. say that for the herd that is being held over for better times. and thlfwllll describe the Hltllflflllfl in many districts. that cuttinll down the quantities used in past feeding practice a full 50 PEI‘ 001"»- snd substituting with n few pounds of meal would not only offset e great saving in roughaks. but lu- cidenlally would ‘bring the cattle In question through in as good or bet- ter shape than had been the case where roughage was fed in unllmlt-l ed quantities.

.1

More Silage and Roots. 6

in minty editions of Onterio par- ticnlsriy; My may be substituted of more ensliagsbnlb

run CHARLOTTETOWN GUARDIAN’

s l‘ i.

u

i‘,§‘§“,',§§,°§n*;{ '9'! my be cut to will, anew, ‘ggtluim ‘filial-abroad.- any BFBBJ! e319“; In many part8 ti; gllelllec and the greater part ofstgc er t me P i pres?" Indlzxlgflzs. according to

Melt Substitutes, T° Pfillluce one half of the r ation Iguhlzgddtrzkfflllgbage has been cal. the cow firm “he who“ ram)” or are a m" B. bran and oii cake ed D01" ‘tulariy to be recommend. 10- fl 5 in itself is from 10,10 b~ Der cent. more valuable u...“ p531‘: "gnnfgeilltlglttlproducing stand- . ,3 . fibre content. x a d fairly high All through Eastern Canada how. star. outs is a light crop and we t be forced to depend iipgn was. dernt production. Wheat imp“, lic s should he fairly readily pm. curable. Oil calke and linseed by products will lbe higii in price, but W"! apparently be available fairly geilefilily. Even ct tlils high price II is (loubtfui it‘ the feeder wlmge main desire is to cut down on Fulltlhuge cannot afford to be with- out some linseed oii meal in ration. With 10 lbs. oi’ hay of fair quality. 4 01‘ 5 lbs. ot‘ stralw and depending on the age and condit- m" ‘it the 811111181. u few pounds of ll mixture of bran. 2 parts. roots, g parts. iinsccd oil nlceil. 1 part pro duction necli not be looked for, but the animal will be -wei| maintained. Corn from ull indications will be one of tlie1litavlcst crops cver re. corded in tie United States. This means that ground corn may enter quite largely into our Canadian rat. ions. A inixturc of 4 parts bran, 2 ilflrlfl Ovrn. 2 part outs and 1 part oil mclll would hc an excellent con. centrateii slilbsiitute for n rough. 3E8. Elven ibran and corn, us tilesc concentrates are likely to be the most easily procured. could be fed. 4 parts bran. 2 parts corn.

THE USE OF STRAW.

Where roughage is scarce. straw cannot be afforded as a bedding material. particularly out straw. it ""151 Practically all be fed. The practice of feeding cattle entirely ,on straw is of course not econo- mical. but tho nutrients must have n certain amount of crude fibre. They should not. however. be ask. cd to obtain their energy from the, comparatively low percentage of nutrients contained in straw. Never

the I vic bones showing depth

a INTEREST To FARMERS

condition is readily noticeable b“; If not the hens .that have stopped laying can be easily distinguished by their shrinking comb. and fad. "l! cbior of face and watties. also by the contraction of the pelvlg bones.

These bones. slightly protruding on each side of the vent, remain spread to the width of about three finsers as long as the hen is lay- ing. iln the. poor producer they will he found closed to the width of only one finger and when the latter condition is evident early in the season. when she should he still producing. it is a fairly god indica- tion t'hat' the bird has given up too soon and is not the type that makes the high record.

Vigor. health and high producing qualitiies are shown by distinctly visible characters and all birds that don't carry these qualities in a marked degree should disappear from the flock.

The high-producing characteris- tics of primary significance are; full. red comb. bright bulging eye. long keel bone with lots of width between stern extremity and pel- ol body with capacity for feed and room for th-n producing organs. fine pel- vic bones spread well apart and an elastic. velvet texture to the skin of the abdomen.

liens that mould season and in the varieties those fade out white in sections that show pigment. namely the skin, beak. shank and ear lobe. also in- dlcate the nossihilltv of high pro- duction and should be kept in pre- ference to those that do not carry these qualities. characters that h-elp in the selec-

Therc are more intricate decisive lion of good fro layers. but the foregoing will be of some use in an elementary way to the farmer in selecting his breeders in currv nv-er to the next season. if cnrcful- l.v followed they will Bllmllillif‘ most of the undesirable specimens that are s source of expense with- out profit and rob the deserving hens of th~ flock of‘ their crcdlt- able record.

___-<o4>———

late in the yellow-skinner individuals that

THRUSH; CAUSE. PREVENTION

OE/LERY GROWING

Do not set the plants on ridges. lt is not necessary to set in a trench, but it, facilitates watering if the ground along the row is slightly below the soil level. Af- bcr planting see that the ground between the rows is kept loose with the cultivator or hoe and the surface soil around the plants kept stirred, so that less watering will be necessary. if watering is done, l.hls tends to-compact the surface soil around the plants. and as soon as dry enough this should he brokeli ‘by very shallow booing. Deep boeing close to the plant should be avoided. as the roots are shallow feeders and should not be (listunbed. A mulch of horse ma- nure may be placed along the row, which may do away with hoeing entirely. thus saving moisture and keeping the soil cool.

Bianoiiing may be started when the plants are six inches tail. by,‘ plat-ing boards at cacti side of the‘ row and holding them in place witii stakes, or earth may be press- ed up to the plant alter first gli- thcrlug the stalks together so that soil will not get into the crown. it is not necessary to bluilch all at once and a little bundling oi‘ tllc plants by working, soil up to it will tend to an upright. rather than sprcading growth until blanching is desired. Drain tile set over a plant is excellent ffor blanching. Any material that, eliminates light from the plant will serve tllc purpose and in two or three weclts under such treat-I merit White Plume or Paris Goideli will blanch if active growth is being made. _

ll sucker growths develop, these should be removed before ‘blancivl lug in ordcr to get even heads with; good stalks. Celery rust, which

AND CURE.

‘Tlirushls quit», a common lllI-

theless with some grain‘ or concen- trzites supplied. straw forms an ex- cellent crude fibre filler and

inf

meut among flirnl horses. Siifiilbilli! nloinli: its occurrence is due chief- ly to filthy stnll COIKIILIGIL. ill - though some horses seem to be

Order mm m? dlgesnvc and “He:pzirticlllzirly predisposed tothls dis

tory organs may function properly. straw may lbe mudc to take the

,orllcr. The fore fest nrc rarely nf- lfectclk-tlicy are usually kept in 11

pluce of much mun-vamwble fOHnSR-lcaner condition. 'l‘ili'ush is indi-

of rotlBhflge. it is safe to say that _ bedding wasted this winter in many pnrts o-f the Eflst- ‘Sslwdust and shavings are available in ‘many places. There is no reason why considerable bed- ding material might not be gather-

‘contain certain general recommen- ed m the mm‘ of leaves m the m"

"They have been utilized in the past.

THE MJVIBABILITY 0F CUTTING HAY AND STRAW AND MIXED FEEDS

iBy increasing the labor of feed- ing in the cutting of roughage and by mixing say cut hay. cut straw, and whatever-ducal is being fell. there is little doubt that a consid- eralble saving of roughage may be secured. Less energy is. required to lnasticute. digest and asslmllalg this cut feed and where it is mixed

the paiatubiiity is bettereil or uti (i188!!! fll/Brflgefl. Under normal. feed-l

ing practice the advisability of clit- ting roughage is doubtful in thrlt the cow is fitted by nature to do this work himself. However, this winter the object is to save rough. age and the faulner who has faci- lities for cutting the roughage ‘will find a result in saving. Cali the fuelling value of such a mixture be further improved?

uvcnlsfiso NUMBER or cows unosn TEST

A summary of cnw testing, on. der the auspices of tho Dominion Dvpertment of Agriculture. for the monili oi’ July. shows 3.706 herds of 35.266 cows unider test in a to- tui of eight provinces. Saskat- chewan figures not being given as the cow-testing work there has been taken over by the Provincial Department of Agriculture.

Tile figures show nn increase oi 30.9 per cent. for the average oi’ the provinces reported. ovcr those of Jilly, i920. Alberta comes firs: us regards incrclise effected, witii an increase of 103.3; Prince Ell- wurd island, second. witii 92.9, and Ontario. third. with 72.3. New Brunswick, shows a decrease of 57 per cent.. and British Columbin a decrease of 5 per cent.

The total increase in number of cows under test is a nlattcr for congratulation. especially since prevailing cunditons in the dairy business make it imperative that only good producing cows be kept in the dairy herds of the country.

SEASON OF’ YEAR TO CULL .. , _ FARM FLOCK . . . .

The ‘hatching season should now be over on the well regulated poul- try plant and attention directed to culling t-iie flock to make room for the growing youngsters.

in the first piece tber ghould be vigorously culled from the flock all birds that is how any pbysicial lie- fects such ss crooked beaks. backs or breasts. excessively long toe nulls. sunken eyes and long "crow" head. knock knes or other signs of poor stamina and low "vitality?

At this season. if they have not already been discarded. the hens over two years old. unless possess- ing the character of extrs high prbduction and retained as lvrw-ll- srs on this account. should be msrketgd as soon as they step lily- ing. s ow ‘signs or brbodibsss or mount,

'Wliei_i~

t, ; lIItl-Uflillfl. . this

rated by u disco cleft in the frog n; mg (out; also an unfliuisllnt. characteristic ‘small. ‘if tire-re is any sign of disease about the fro)! it is well not to use tllc knife too freely as many DIXICICSYIIILIIS are Ill- l-linod to do_ The frog should not be cut. Like the sole. it chluesofi naturally in flakes. ‘if thrush nus once started. however. ii. may be necessary tr trim off th-e ragged. ends but that is all tho- knife should he used on the Ifflll- The cleft nl' the i'rng should be thorough ly cleaned and disinfected. in cases where thrush has not "cached a serious stage. particularly if the horse has to be kept at work. it is beneficial to use some W001i L" for this purpose. fltppIylng "l Wit" mice a week. in severe chaos. aflcr the part has been thoroughly cleans ed the following application is re- commended: Ctl-ix tngelli-cr llnlf nn ounce of calomci iind two ounces of sweet oil. spread the IFIXYIIPP.

Ion a piece c-i‘ lint 0r similar subst-

ance ulld insert in the cleft of the frog anti over other diseased parts.