THE _ CHAR LOTTETOWN

w’

. l. ltiilltfium i. _,

CUARDIAN

‘ For year-a the farmer was

B! AGRICOLA

7- NEWSY NOTES - l

"IRISH M655”

A [gdy has Just sent in ‘a very ‘Famine gin; a J31‘ of a substance tun“; a stroug_ l‘€5(‘11ll)]l‘.!'l"" la aqinc-rnangc, which me s.

= it \\‘J..$ a lrclrl, r was rcurixirg gi degrees, and that uradc fcr 133.11 foozsiuifs. ‘Fhcrcicrv I put my thanlts on record in these notes. ‘ or tettci" Cirriagiiern, .5

o?

' \.

for the the: m

cu-ruavcii. ‘ I (our; in Irtl 1d; a sinun p.ac., n1 important rncirglr far the

usual run of maps, but szzll suf- ficienty so to give its nunre to a “R0109 of sca-vvced. To the Eng- lish this plant is known as Irish “ma, though it haslittle in com- mon with the furgly of mosses. 1; is, as I have . rzi, a sea-wad or alga; and 1L; sciantifl 11.1119‘. hich after all, is tne true distinc-

flnolig the hundreds ofspecies, i Chondrus crlspls. ,

Tue "Irish Moss" is not limited to Ireland. but is pentiful round all the coasts of the British Isles. Tm; jar Just received, is ctxdrnce of its presence on this side of the Atlantic.

According to Rhirui‘: "Vegetable Kingdom" (i855). the (lhundua la boiled to make a very tetraclous 'I‘hat author also says the

'. e. £12m. is prepared for food, but gives no details. However, the

donor of the jar supplies tire omis- aion by enclosing mrs recipe: "Put about half a cupful of the Moss

into a pint of milk, with one tablespoon of sugar, and half a teaspoon of salt. Cock over hot

water till the mixture is like n. tLick sauce. Strain and cool." My old English cook-book (1.176 ges) gives almost the same method ut atatea that the Moss may be flavored with cinnamon, lemon, or vanilla. It finishes up: "It is not much used, gelgi-ine being so cheap. and lcss troublesome." Maybe: but Ialwnys fancy these jelly povcolers have a “smatch" of the glue-pot about theml

COST 0F PORK PRODUCTION

An article in a popular magazine gives some interesting figures on ie“ costs Ln the production of milk, butter fat, pork, and lamb. The writer of the article (who lives in Nova Scotla) seems to be un- usually well-informed, and to have kept tab on the costs for rnnny years. This is something which few farmers do, although doing so is clearly to their own advantage.

In my own way I had it figured out that it cost me seven cents for feed, for every pound of pork that I put out on the hoof. With great- er accuracy this Nova Scotian fig- ures that on the average of the past l6 years the feed to produce

00 lbs. of pork. live weight, cost him $7.31. The average market price for the same weight and

period, was $9.20. I strggest that readers figure out. the profit that the farmer gets. under this cour- putation, on a 200 lb. pig, and con- sider whether it is fair or even roa- unable.

Ono muat admit that prices have been better this last. three years or l0. duo to exceptional circum- ltanoea. but. that does not efface the memory of the days when pork cold under 7 cents per lb. and heavy cows sold at 2 or 8 cents. selling not only pork but everything else. at a loss to the detriment of his standard of living. He was unnble to renovate his buildings. to re- place worn out machinery. and in some cases. to pay interest if he were unfortunate enough to carry I mortgage. This is a very serious matter to o. Province so entirely lkrloultural as this is: in fact one is di to look on the farmer lathe modern representative of the serf under the Fieudal System. Who it will be remembered, held hLs land by supplying his strperior with free labor. But with the com- m! of the oo-operativre movement I better day is dawning.

NATURE NOTES

Two or three families of plants like to the soil of this Island so naturally that one wonders why ll-e)! are not abundant. along our roadsidcs and in all uncultivatrd ground. My garden was a mass of Wllllé. pink, wine-colored and blue Columbine: a fortnight ago. Nzvw 91W have all gone to need, which must be clipped off and destroyed 0r they "will take the place." A “W181i species (possibly Russian. from its name) is still in bloom: it differs in having long scarlet 5711111. and bright yallow petals. It 1-1 Aquileria Jaetschnufl. but r buulk at pronouncing the name of this Cglluhmblne.

en the Columbinea go, the Bellflowers hire up the running. l0 lo spenk. As I wmite, (Juiv 1i). all available space is gay with the whito and the blue flowers or the Peach-leaved Bellflower (Cam- lmmll Mrslcacfolla). The fcvwra l" lurile. about. an inch and a half across, and shaped mere like g basin than a bell. The long l°“’""-‘>Dikcs give the plnnt an uh‘ gt distinction. If thcv ave allowed. he” plants will produce hundreds 0f seedlings to hlocm in two year's ‘time. In the rock-garden the dnllvdiells of Scotland" (F. rntun- hvlll) are making a wnndrcns g 0W. and when they are turoircrh. must clin them to nrcvcnt their M. But they will return gcnd

ml‘ "ll. and throw un a new malth of bloom as au'tmm closes b '3 "cene- A striking nltm) ir- the “order is the ‘Vidc-lcaved B01‘-

"WPT (C. lnt-ifoka): fall. with fieen Dtlrhle tubular flowers. reminiscent. °, ll" "more, t»... with rm.- cow-- i"! WWW"! to iwgcd ncinfs. This ‘Zfm “WWII wFd flower and for gale reason 1 shy weed-r: I lwvn ‘L; ,2” film" and cm alwrrva

‘ of ‘cslnv it. Tffw- ‘will ccm~ the ry-rnwanrms. '___Hq‘l“°-‘e Wlrbinurm (D. ain-

, __ ‘I It)" favorite in this rzrcun, ,_._.._"l"5 ‘"1 "vo crflors: blue. and

. .. "I 5”‘ ‘wt "vow as ta‘) ' “ “"i""' “nds. It. is n most '_.___;"‘“' HcP"er. and because It. w...‘ f h“ ll generally get! away .......,,,_t' ",,""’ T "u preWW-w for h m’. View, unfit!" Y chalk hwn "r '1 Bu‘ dM/Pns of wee-Mugs. but

"P" always pl~nty left. avail-earned

:3“ the“ days-I Pause bv the win. gig l0 Bdm-lre the fireflies corua- 118 (good!) about the creek They are smarter than I am when I came to think 01' ll. l0!‘ they can f-‘Ymufe liSht without heat. and are 1n no rdangtr of Lurning flhemgelyes_ A Pfv-fiisoi‘ of physiology at Prince- l?" Umlfefflty once described a ‘firefly BS "a. most extraordinary rilfld of lamp which is able to make ifs oil from the product; 0f 1g; own combustion." Leaving the fig- uration and descending to the technical he said that the light l5 due to the burning or oxidation of a substance called Iuciferin 1n the p'°-"9“°° °l flu enzyme or catalya‘ called luciferase. Aa in all qty-M'- fiqlnéultien ‘oxygen u involved, so uhle the f.refly is flashing oxylu- clferm is produced. and between the flashes oxyiuclferin is reduced and is now ready oxidived witih light Pfiffeil-li’ simpie-wrhat? Tue commoner “fireiies" of the Island are beetles belonging to the

genera Lucidoia, Ellycruna and Tclephorus. On one common 1 captured tihe beautiful scarlet

"lltfhmiua bug" called Eros aurora, which I am inclined to think in

IBTG.

Rece-ntl I told of the Robina Bflluul t- e seed-leaves of aun- ITOWOYS; and now comes a farmer who tells ire that they are eating We Ibroutng corn. Too bad u W1 are Mqulrina anti-soda‘. habits of this kind.

STILL ANOTHER

Ehere has Just oome in n. branch of a species of pine which I have not seen before. It is the Plum Bankslana, and was found by Mr Hflrold Mcsservy at East Bideford. where I understand it is growing abundantly. It is not. in any previous list of our nlants. Under the name of Jack Pine there is a

yery gcod description of this “scrag-

glint-Z" tree in the little 15 cent book "Trees of’ North America". publish- ed by the Whitman Co.. of Racine Wisconsin. Britten cal‘: it the Labrador or Gray Pine. Tho leaves grow in bundles of two, (as do those of our Red Pine) and arc short and flwisted; but it 1a tzho cones which take the eye. They are short "knubbly". strongly curv- ed. and of an unpleasant gray color. As they are produced in pairs and lie along the branches. they give the impression of a verv dirty. stumpy finger and thumb pinching the bought After re- maining grayish and unopened to‘ some years, says the little book, the cones finally turn brown. The w

is used only as fuel.

A FRAGRANT PAEONY

It. seems difficult to get away from the vegetabe kingdom this week! The courier has just da- livered a parcel, containing two pneony blooms. sent me by Mr Lamuel N. Brehaut. of Murray River. Mr. Brehaut had written to me before, (was it two years ago?) stating that he had raised a per- fumed paeony, and the blooms bore out. his words. for the scent was that. of the delicious old- world roses that I used to grow. I stood the blooms in a vase in the living room near the open door, and every now and then the draught brought the scent of those oaeonres across the roe-m: remind- ing me of the bowl of rose-petals (pot-pcuri, they called it) in my old heme. The flowers were of what I believe is called the "bomb" type of paeony, and in color a deep rich crimson; the petals were fring-

In accordance with custom the raiser had named it from one of his household "Beth Brehuut."

Well, if I don't recall the date when Mr. Brehaut first wrote me. I do recall what I wrote in reply. It was to the effect that he should multiply his plant by off-sets and when he had sufficient, to place them on the market here at a price to suit the farmer's pocket-book! And take it from rne, the "Beth Brehuut Paeorny" would be an ac- quisition in any garden. This plant in of a small neat. type, and rather later than the usual run of paeonies.

TIIE MOUNT PALOMAR TELESCOPE

Early in 1934 Li. Corning, New

York State, the first mirror for the big telescope at Mount Palomar Observatory, California, was oast. It was a huge mirror, nearly seven- teen feet across. twenty-six inches thick, and weighed twenty tons. It proved unsatisfactory. however, and late in the same year, another wan cast. this time perfect enough to pass all tests. It took a year to anneal. the mil being allowed to cool at the rain of one deflfl Fill- renheit daily. 'l‘he huge disc after being ground to a saucer-like shape of great smoothness. was sent. across the continent on a special railway wagon. In the spring of i936, it. was in the "optical shop an alr-ccmditioned. earthquake- proof building at Pasadena, prepar- ing for the long three-year's course of grinding. In March 1939. it- was given out that the rough rinding was completed. and the inc grinding and polishing —- which will take one year — was beginning. Preparations for erect- lng this telescope really beam in 1928. when Mr". John D. Rocke- fcllefis International Educational Board together with the California Institute of Techno ogy. voted about. seven and a quarter million dollars towards the project.

When it is completed this giant telescope with its 201 inch mirror. will gather in 640.000 times as much light as the human eye. It will increase the volume of visible space no less than eight‘ times: the astronomer will be abe to see twice as far as he can at present. It. will bring the moon. our next neighbor. w'i:hin twenty-five miles! And may solve the much-debated direction: "Are there intelligent. beings on Mars?" (If there Bl‘!- they must be verv different from those on the earth)

‘ MOTHER BIIIPTONT IDENTITY

My enquiry r-o "Mother Bhfpton"

broughtuquick results! An un-

YNE PERFECI FARM DISINFECTANT

KTIRK-ill l

m n

lrical Iur (itsurfecfing xtahlcs, fox irons, poultry houses, etc.

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0 win-new“

wmflll used m Hi.

Area and accretirteti herti work.

o ICONOMICAI

I uoa-coaaostvr - most RESISIANI Orrin-I Cooper's xsaot_umuh Made

ant! Fully c.........r<-.-l n"... Hardwarv u...“ Irfll .....1 s.-.- Slurco, 0r sun?

. CANADIAN CO-OPERATIVE WOOL GROWERS LIMITED

Qur-lrvt 1m: May-n...» Branch lvnnnxvlllc, Qur.

Community Effort To Control Warbles

‘Ewart-inane: tfdi

beef cattle for gvglbxliesowill

dividents. War-bios not only lniure the hides and cause exten- sive losses when the animals are butchered, but. result in poor gaing lessened milk production and gen- eral unthrlftiness. Experiments in warble control conducted over a Ions period of years have ghown that the application of a stand. ardized derris wash two or three ""195 during the spring will give exéfkllenlt gfsulis.

e n vul f

reduce the rliumgzfmdf fiirifrliatll his herd. but the value of commum "if action cnunot be too strongly emphasized states G. Allen Mail, Division of Entomology, 90min. ion Department of Agriculture, Studies by scientists of the Dcmin. l0" Department. cf Agriculture, have shown that. where a, herd ha, been treated over a period of years. the heaviest infestation consistently will be found in ffibose animals which graze in meadows adjoining settlements where warble treat- ment is not given. One farmer in a thickly settled district, who does not treat his herd, will he respon- sible for the treated cattle in ad- iolniuv Pastures being reinfested, ‘ft i‘! therefore advisable for co-on- oration within a community to be one hundred per cent.

An effective wash is compose-d 0r Standardized Derrls—-l pound; powdered aoap—1-2 pound; and water-one gallon. When thorough-

ly mixed tfnls wash is applied m

the backs of infested animals with a cloth of bvtrsh. It is important to be sure thy‘ the wash is well rubb- ed into each Cyst. the main batch

qf_wgsh bern sti , t

for herself. though r incline to m- former)" as "one 0g Readers . send me t.h‘s account of U16 DTODhetcss. taken from

Encyclopaedia Britannica. fnur- feenth edition: "Shfpton, Mather. a reputed

witch and pmphetess who is sup- Dqfied to have lived in early Tudor ‘Ifimes. 'I'here is no really trust- worthy evidencie of her existence. but tradition has it that her mnidrn name was Ursula Soirthill. Sowt- hiel or Scuthheil. and her parents were asants. living near the DFODD hi: Well. Knaresborough, Yorkshire. and that. she was born about 1486-88. Her mother. Agatha Sourhill, was a reputed twitch, “Ki Uliulfl. who was phenomenally "8?- WBS regarded by the neigh- bors as “the Devil's Child". When about twenty-four she married a b" "der of York, Tobias Shipton. Her most sensational prophecies had to do with Cardinal Wolsey. the Duke of Suffolk, Lord Percy and other men prominent at the court of Henry VIII. She is said to have died at Clifton. Yorkshire. in 1561. and was buried there or at Shipton. Her whole history rests on the flimsiest atrthority but her alleged prophecies had an ex- traordinary hold on the popular imagination. The suggestion that Mother Shlpton had foretold the end of the world in i881 caused "mil Dolilflant alarm in Enqland in that year. the people deserting hhcir houses and spending the night in prayer in the fields, churches and chapels. This lat- ter all prophecy was one of a series o forgeries to which Char- les Hlndley. who reprinted in 1862 a garbled version of Richard Head's Life (Le. of Mother S.), confessed 1n 1873."

‘Then follows a list of publica- tions: "See Richard Head". "Life and Death of (london, 1684): "Life, Death and tho Wirole of the wonderful Pro- phecies of Mother Shipton, the Northern Prophetess" (Le e d s, 1W9); W. H. Harrison, "Mother. Lullpl/OII investigated" (1881); Journal of the British Archae- ological Association, XIX: 308; “Mother Bhiptorfs and Nixon's Prophecies. with an introduction by S. Baker" (i797).

Many thanks. my unknown friend, for responding so well and no quickly. The "Britannica" y. an authority one cannot easily contradict, but as the resent writ- er stated last week, tere was no a. in our County-in fact the hard-headed Northerners cracked Jokes about the approaching catas- trophe. The prophecy did not set any particular night either! That. the people in other counties spent the night (what night?) in the fields is unlikely: "They're not such fools as all that." says a friend who hails from the tight lit,- tle Island. I have read of hill- bfllies and negroes getting steam- ed up over similar prophecies, but. even in Victorian times we were nct as simple as that!

WERE BEST 0F FRIENDS

IDNDON —(C‘P) -— Death from misadventure was the coroner's vericf. in the ca" of a corporal of the Reva! Air Farce killed by buffet. from a ccmr-de’; revolver. "Best. of frfenda‘ 'tr-v were prac- tising loarlwg and rwlcading when it happened.

Floor eggs ileum).-

Agrlcclais ‘

the.

Moirher Shipton“ a

R

mean lack of

TIMELY NOTES ON TOPICS CONNECTED WITH

I §i|ver Fox Farming '

The hot weather has arrived and

with it. the necessit for more care in the preservation of meat. A little laxity in this respect may cause food poisoning that will de. stroy many times more dollars worth than you can afford to lose. If you are doubtful about your meat don't feed it. Care should also be taken to exclude flies from any premises where food is kept or prepared for the foxes. Flies are disease carriers par excellence and you ahould be as doadl a foe to them as we are to Hider. A cheap way to keep fliea off prem- ises is to sprinkle liberally with a weak solution of a cheap disin- feetant. The use of Fly-Tux spray- ed around the feed room is splen- did. Then you.may hang up fly- papera and other catching de- vices. Any and all means that will do away with these pests should be tried. If you have any feed left over from the previous day do not: keep it in zinc buckets overnight as there is sometimes a possibility that the amico-acida present may form a deleterious combination with the zinc. Wooden pails are preferable as receptacles for keep- ing food overnight and be sure to keep it in a cool place free from danger or contamination from smells or flies.

Take a look over your foxes now and observe them for earmites and fleas. This hot weather is perfect for the propagation of these fox pests. Methods of deal- ing with them can again be en- umerated as earmite lotion for the earmites, one application repeat in eight (lays, and for the fleas a good flea powder dusted in thoroughly’. particularly over the head and butt of tail and along the backbone, and the premises washed out with cheap creoline or other coal tar disinfectants; In treating for errnites or fleas do an during the coolest part of the

5.’.

During the hot weather do not disturb your foxes any more than necessary. Over-excitement at this time is ‘fable to bring on fits. Do not. treat for worms until the cooler yreriod of the year has ar- rived, certainly not before the lust of August or first of September. Keep all premises clean and refuse such as straw. etc.. carted away from the ranch. You should cut down on your red meat feed. us- ing more tripe. and if you do not use fccd containing milk nowder it would be well to add skim milk ,to the ration as it has a cooling leffect on the blood and is rich in i mineral.

Last week we gave part of P. J. Williams‘ account of the first lilicld Day of the Prince Edward ls-lnnd Fox Breeders‘ and Exhibi- tors’ Association held at Summer- side. July Btu. Today we continue with the second part. of this verv interesting event and next week wil‘ complete Ml‘. Williams‘ report.

“The Chairman next u. O. Sttuvnrt.

“Mr. Stewart though one 0f our very best breeders does not wish to pose as an authority on fox ranching but as results mean more than unnrctcntiotis words. his rc- marks on this occasion were list- erred to with interest.

His spccch in part is lnwsr-(He operates a. ranch.)

“We have a regular calendar which we endeavour to follow as closely as possible. The year seems to divide itself into four main sections as f "ows:~

"11) The months of November". Deccmbc and part of January which we term the selection and irrcpnratorgv season.

“\'l) "“‘e last of January to March, which is the mating sea- son. “'13) March to May which is the whelping season.

“(ii The pup-growing season.

"During the first period is made the selection of pups to be kept as breeders. We give this a great deal of attention nnd will return to it later, as I consider it a very important part of our ranching operations. During November the foxes intended to be kept as breed- ers are placed on a regular breed- crs’ dict. whilefhose intended to be pt-ltcd are continued on a dif- fercnt dict.

"Mating Scnson: (a) During January where possible. pupa are run together. and adults. (b) Feed is watched closelv and necessary changes made as the season advances. (c) A fin- n1 check is nurdc on housing be- fore mnted females are placed in the pens in which they whelp. (d) Regular examinations are made. We endeavour not to do this of-

cnlled on

as fol- company

fener than weekly in the early part of the season. A record is kept posted in the feed house of

mating dates nf adults that have been in the rnnch in former years which eliminate considerable hand- ling or these animals. as the dates nrc reasonably consistent from _vcar to year.

"Whelpinq Season: Particular care is taken in regard to the diet nnd regular change is made from time to time as the season W0- grcsscs. We fry to keen close watch on animals‘ appetites and nhyslcnl condition (h) During lhl‘ season w‘,- keep a constant check on hottsing conditions and pnv particular attention to anv small brenks in the wire of any of the none wr- have had considerable trouble with foxes escaping from the" oer: during this season.

"Pun Growing Season: (n) The rc-"rvlur routine for the nuns la followed. tb) Clean and disinfect all feed troughs m"! water tine at least. wecklv. (c) Pups are wow-d in shod "cos M the time of the second nil""" cf about ‘our v'""k= nvnvldlm’ the" arc t") "“0l"1"l "W" nnnm Idt A cine:- rhFPk-vm n‘ fill mm, q, my!“ it 1M» “Innlrlv p‘ rInOIn-vnlqn gyms. {my} gw- not "rrlvlv-w "who nun‘! bro worked "i mo“ “"'(q'-'\ u.» up) “mflN/‘v’ h"- "l" IVc 111M fir’? them or“? l" hQVjAIR a fl-fq m“ QWV‘ do no)

any serious set back. (e) During June all adult foxes are pliied, powdered for fleas. and their ears treated. The females are done when the pupa are weaned. (f) Covered pens or shed housing is provided for peltera or animals in- tended to be shown and they are placed in them in June. (g) We endeavour to clean and spray all shed pens weekly if possible. (h) During the summer a complete clean up and disinfecting is made of all breeding pens and houses. After cleaning and disinfecting pens are closed. and not opened until the breeding season. Clean and disinfect feed houses and feed-house utensils daily. (l) Dur- ing the Fall months all adults to be kept for breeders are again pilled, powdered and their ears treated. Pups selected to be kept for breeders are also given the same treatment.

“To return again to the period I have termed as the selection per- iod. A number of chief factors are kept before us in determining those pups selected for breeders. Considerable attention should be paid to previous records of growth and weight of female pups in early Summer.

“Don't select female pups that have been poor feeders. If. after you have selected them. you find they are poor or picky feeders, eliminate them from your herd unless they are outstanding ani- mals. They are likely to give you trouble all through the season.

“If you have not sufficient con- fidence in your own judgment in selecting from your pups. by all means consult with some other

and a_rancher before making your final

selection. Errors made at this time cannot be corrected 1n the breed- ing season.

“Color always was and no doubt always will be one of the factors to be given chief consideration. Do not be satisfied with a superfi- cial examination Keep these three factors in front of you at all times:

"(l) Color of silver;

"(2) Color of underfur;

"(3) Color of black;

"Since we have of late years concentrated on pale: and full silvers, remember that the first indication of off or bad color in bad silvers can be detected in the

underfur. Insist no clear, clean underfur‘. and avoid at all costs any indication of muddy under-

fur. We have been prone to as- sume that because a fox appears clear when it is in full bloom that we have a clear-colored animal, but this is not always the case. In manv cases we have been fooled because we have not paid enough attention to the trnderftrr. Even if the silver appears clear, vet a close examination of the undcrfur. fleck fur and throat of full silvers will tell you whether or not you have an animal of good color. one that onlv blooms for a few days, or one than can take it during

the Winter. "Siva and Conformation should be given proper consideration.

Small pelts are henvilv discounted bv our present. markets, and the introduction of one or two small sires into the herd can soon givc you a herd of medium to small

sized foxes.

“Conformation: Remember that though you are producing a pelt you must realize that the cards

are stacked against you if certain fundamentals are ignored. Your herd can lose around faster than it gains it. I fully believe of late years we have paid far too little attention to conformation in our animals. In looking. ‘rack I can sce many unprofitable moves made at our ranch because suffi- cient. attention was not paid in

conformation in both males and females. We are beaten nt the very beginning if we don't have

large nnd vigorous sires with full. deep chests.

“I think it would be interesting to g0 lJGCK a good many years to the old Standard of Excellence adopted by the Can. Nat. Silver Fox Breeders’ Association. It seems so difficult to contribute unytiring new at a talk such as this. All of this information has been beforc us for a great tnzrnv years, but we have not made full use of it. Remember that this standard was adopted some six- teen years ago, and at that time we were breeding a very dark fox. which was what the market. dc- mandcd m; that time, whereas now we are endeavouring to pro- duce a completely silvered animal. Even with this almost complete

"mm- Qhgn pupg meversal of color, yet this Stand-

ard of Excellence stands up re- markably well. I was curious en- ough to compare it with the Pro- vincial standard of Excellence put out recently by our friend W. F Burke of the Dept. of Agriculture. Charlottetown. Mr. Burke's Stand- ard. of course, applies in particu- lar to a pale or full silver fox. but. in spite of the many yenrs that have intervened between the two Standards. yet essentially they are very much the same. I think ii. would be well worthwhile to take time to read these two Standards. and after having read them. to keep them in mind when selecting your breeding stock in the Full."

We note where the Department. cf Agriculture through its Fox Holdman W. Fred Burke. is offer- ing a much needed service to fox ranchers -teatin.g for parasites. It is expected that irvcrk will be start- ed in the near future and ranch- ers who wish to have their foxes tested should get in touch with the Department o? Mr. Burka so as to rn-ake complete arrangements. In the last survey that was held the f1'l of I93‘! the percentage of ranches affected with hookworm was very high. Earm‘tes and as- carids also showed up Pfiéflllenfly. No foxes will ihfive if parasites are nrzsent. and therefore if. is of l-“e greatest importance that a s‘r‘\‘§c-.\ auch as contemplated should be encouraged.

We tmdersfru“ um B Clmlram Rex-rs. Svncrvlsor c-f the Travel Rnv~nu Pvlflcifv Dmertmcn‘. has

had n ccmmtinir-aticn fr~m a l"re"r‘- er o’ p"8"l’\\ foxes in Sweden cf-

4a.».

‘.-.._.-_.

tr nrrtrii“;

WTNTNIEP Man, July IO-Duf-l past week orop prospects‘; have been well maintained in the‘ Province of Alberta, in Northern_ and Won Central Saskatchewan and in Southern Manitoba. I'm-th- or deterioration of crops 1n mum. em and east central Saskatchewan and in northern Manitoba is in evidence and immediate rains will be required to maintain prospects of wheat on summer fallow land and prevent failure of coarse grains and hay wopc in many sec- tions. There is no damage from rust and very alight insect and hall damage. aosordins to the weekly crop report of the Depart ment of Agriculture, Canadian Na- tional Railways.

Evaluating Bud Sports and Chance Seedlings

(Experimental Farms News)

Who knows. butin this season of 1940 some one may find a valuable new variety of fruit in the form of a bud sport. or a chance seed- ling. This find may take pace in t-he commercial orchard, in the home garden, or along the fence row; in fact. in any place where

-”ruit trees 0f any kind are growing.

As fruit trees do not. come true to variety when raised from seed, ev- ery seedling is a potential new var- iety. The occurrence of bud sports is due to an unexplained change in the hereditary characteristics of the bud. With respect to fruit. the variation may affect size, shape, color, time of ripening, or yield. Bud sports may be readily prorpa- gated by means of budding or grafting.

When a new bud sport or chance seedling is found, the question may

PAGE ELEVEN ._ M,

NATURAL RESOURCES

I CONSERVATION I

A WEKL! COLUMN OP PRACTICAL OPINIONS 0F Till VITAL ISSUES AFFICTING TIIE USES AND ABUSES OI

II KB. LUDLOW JENKINS

dd development of our tourist busi- ness by advertising adequato fac- ilities for entertainment.

Five billion dollars was spent on holidays by the of ti’!!! United States last year. Wnh oversea: travel out off and many facilities lacking in Mexico, Am- erican uoarrista abmrld come to Canada, "where their money will be at a. premium, and spend twice the three hundred million dollars which they spent here last year.

PUBLICITY. TRANSPORTATION AND ENTERTAINMENT

On these three together, and not on any one or two of them. de- pends the success of any country in the keen world wide competition for popularity with the tourist, on which it expects its share in the world’: greatest income producing business, the Tourist ‘Trade. PUBLICITY comes from three sources: Official — Usually a. gen- eral descriptive nature. Com- mercial-Carried on by the vari- ous Transportation Companies. Hoteh and Resorts. Thin is of a highly competitive and localized nature. And lastly, the Tree Pub- licity of the Satisfied Tourist. who pans to retum again, and who tells his friends about his holiday and tries to persuade them to take a similar holiday.

The ICODB of the first two varieties of publicity is only lim- ited by the available expenditure. Their utility depends on many oth-

orise as to the best procedure f0

follow in evaluating the new sort, 9T mlmfrs- 13°F“. Olflclal and SL395 A J_ Mam,‘ Dammlm E,“ Commercial Publicity can induce perlrnenta“ Station. Summerland. the mun“ l‘) make m5 H's‘ mp

B. C, In most instances, the chance seedling or bud sport does not measure up to modern commercial requirements. On the other hand, it may be ‘that long-looked-for storage apple. or hardy, high qual- ity. early Plum. or b1ight- resistant pear, or non-splitting cherry -—:my of which would be a boon to the fruit industry. Accordingly, the chance seedling or bud sport should be evauated. If possible. the local District Horticulturist should exam- ine the fruit on the tree before it is fully mature.

If this is not possible, the fruit should be forwarded to the near- est Experimental Station. 'I'1‘.e fruit. should be picked carefully, with- out bruising. and as near maturity as possible. At least a dozen speci- mens should then be carefuly packed and shipped. This will en- able the horticulfurist to examine the fruit ti‘ glrlv and test its

rep 1g qnul es. Beside the fruit. pa iculars should be forwarded, rorarding location, age, health, vig-‘

ous, and productivity of the tree. - -

S1118 examples of chance seed- lings which have attained com- mcrc:a1- prominence are: Yakima 131N119. Tilton apricot. winter Neils pear. ant! Awlntosh apple. this lat- ter bring crr- of the fittest varie- trc in the apple world, Of bud ts. the Fi=hcr peach. and red strains of Delicious and Jonathan are examples, These are truly worth

into our country, but only the na- ture of the tourist/s reception and entertainment here can provide that Free Publicity which is the most important of all. It must not be overlooked that while a satisfied tourist is the best kind of publicity, a tourist who goes home dissatisfied can counteract and will counteract thousands of dollars worth of advertising. Tourists free- ly and frankly discuss with each other on every opportunity all matters of interest to themsefves. but more particularly their treat- ment. at the various places where they have come in contact with the people of our country. The tourist is not a human Christmas tree. but a customer in our Na- tional Store of Entertainment and he naturally expects the same courteous treatment. and fair prices that all succesful commercial en- terprises must give to their cus- tomers. The tendency of our people is to take a local or sectional view of the tourist situation, more than to consider the matter from a national standpoint; while the 10s to Canada on account of our pec- ple smnding their holldtrvs out of Canada ls usually ignored.

Every dollar spent in British

Columbia. for instance, by tourists

obviously benefits the people of that. province. How many peope realize that this money circulated

W113;- f; , s; 1e; us be gar-g m‘; in British Columbia is of national season .f ixrcmlsing bud sports or benefit? Tllfollgh the VBT1°u5 sales. income, and other taxes

chance seedlings.

New Machines Help Fibre Flax Industry

which it creates; Through the con- squen-t reduction of our own taxes required to meet. fixed charges; Through the employment provided by the various services required by

the tourist: and that on account

of the sale of various com-

Until recently the harvesting and modities to the tourist widespread processing cf flax hnd to be pcr- employment is created in many

formed by hand. and consequently Canada (LlllCl not compete econom- ically with the ClICF-p labor of Eur- ope in the production of flax. At tire pr-esr-ht 1.311.“. said Dr. I... H. Newman. Dominion Cerealist, in a recent ad)‘ css, the situation is quite different. due to the ingenuity of certain Btlgian engineers who have tlovelopetl two remarkable ma- chines. One of these with great precision pulls the flax and ‘lays it out on the ground for retting in the clcws. The other "scutches" the retted flax approximately six times faster than before. The Fibre Divi- sion of the Dominion Experimental Farms Service. Ottawa. has been following and encouraging these developments for many years and

is of opinion that henceforth Can- consider the means of transporta-I

nda nrzry be able to compete with cheap Eirropenn labour as a result, of the introduction of these ma- chines. In that case. the production - of fibre flax, particularly in East- ern Canada where the climate is humid and retting is consequently easily accomplished. may become a fairly well-established and sub- stantial indnstryn The Belgian company which left Belgium two days before war was declared had made arrangements to start the manufacture of its machines i. Canada. and has al- ready established one of these units ntihe Central Experimental Farm. Ottawa. Other machines are being set up in producing centres in Can- ada and arrangements have been completed to have fibre flax pro- duced this year, Undoubtedly the war will give this business an con- siderable innpeiirs. Up to the be- ginning of 1940, there were only forty of thesa- new mechanical inrllers in Carmela. but according to the Fibre Division there will be 125 new ones llFPd during the pres- e.t. season. Each machine can pull seven to eight acres n day. and, therefore, is good for about 125 ae- res in one season, since the pull- in! season last: onlv from 15 to 20 davs. One large flax mill in Canada with two subsldaries will handle the production of about 8.- 000 acres in 1040. In i930 the total Canadian out.- put of flax fibre was about 1.300 ions frcm noproxmatclv 12.000 ac-

res. In 1M0. with an estimated area of 22.000 acres llflfll‘? fibre ll i ce at

Th attention

new breed of si wnwr ‘s recciwnv.

‘he . of intercstrd pnrPcs who may ms-

siblv be in n position to complete ar-rnngements in bring over some

manufacturing ccmmunities to re- place iltosc crmmoditles purchased by the tourist.

HOW’ CAN WE BEST PARTICIPATE ‘N THE TOURIST TRADE?

Int us assume the reaction of a prospective American tourist fam- ily who live in the Central States. who are planning a summer holi- dav in Canada. ‘They have secur- ed‘ a suppy of Canadian tourist literature, but have still to select that part of Canada in which they can mcst enjcyably spend a ,r_nppth or two. All literature in their pos- session ls very alluring, but being of a practical turn of mind thr)‘