THE GUARDIAN I

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SATURDAY. APRIL 28. I955

Dr. WI1ilton's Address

Dr. Whitton's address last night at; Prince of Wales College was a masterly, summing up of the principles and prac-. tice of democracy, of the evils which have crept into the system and the new direc-, tion it will have to take, through "the re-: affirmation of the spiritual,” if it is to sur-, vive itself, much less succeed in bringing; succor to others. This is not a new polit-I ical gospel; it has been proclaimed manyl times by philosophers and religious lead-; ers; but the wealth of illustration whichl Dr. Whitton brought to bear upon thel subject, the conviction with which she ex-I pressed her views, and the timeliness '1fI her warnings against inertia and indiffer- ence to electoral responsibilities. gave add- ed weight to her conclusions.

As was to be expected, the speaker placed strong emphasis on education as es- sential to an informed democracy. "One. cannot think with hopes and fears and lg- noranca, but only with a well-trained and well-filled mind,” she quoted. Nor can superiority on scientific lines carry us very far. The diallenga of Communism, she, pointed out, goes deeper than that of amied defense. Democracy must rouse it- self miritually, with a militant faith andi detemiination to put into effect the ideals, of justice and social progress it proclaims.'

Dr. Whitton's address was by no means. a pessimistic one, but it was provocative and challenging, and will repay careful reading and study by all our citizens.

The NThird Force" Theory

I was the stated hope of Prime Min- ister Nehru of India that the Bandungl Conference would stress the ”thind t.'orce'” poltioal concept in world affairs. Just how its bad figured this out ia not clear; I would soon that the presence of dale- gahoa fmn Communist China would ren- dar any such an-angement impossible; it aould hardly be suspected that Premier (lieu III-lai would refuse to ”taka sides" on the controversial subjects that were bound to coma up however hard Mr. Nehru might try to suppress them. The fact is ilat Mt. Nehru himself has not been able to star his amotiona-whatever ha has been able to do with his convictions-in a aonsiatantdy middle aouraa; for, according to news reports, he has applauded Mr. Gioula harsh speeches and remained silent at tiha and of speeches oritlcizing the Com- munists. Whether that represents his true feelings or only his fear of the Chinese Premier's displeasure is difficult to say; perhaps some day an explanation will be

forthcoming.

In any event, whatever the hopes of the Conference were, and on whatever premises they were based, the talks are coming to a conclusion on the familiar East-West controversy. With perhaps one or two exceptions, the delegates are finding it more and more difficult to hide their preferences; and it would be remarkable if they were not. There is nothing magical about a conference that might be expected to make delegates forget their prior at- tachments.

All the small nations of Asia and Africa need foreign aid for the develop- ment. of their resources and, in some in-

amount of reciprocal trade they can man- age to promote among themselves is. no doubt, of some importance; but in the main it is a question of assistance from the West or the Communist bloc--or perhaps both- cithcr independently or through the Uni- ted Nations. This does not mean that the side which provides the greater assistance will be the more popular among the as- sisted peoples: if that were so, there would be no anti-West sentiment in any Asiatic or African country, for the bulk of post- war aid to these areas has come from the free world powers. It does mean, how- ever, that the "either-or" concept of mod- em international politics is being constant- ly stimulated in the small nations. It could scarcely be otherwise; and nothing that Mr. Nehru or anyone else may at- tempt to the contrary can have much prac- tical influence on the situation.

Mr. AllIee's Speeches

It seems a pity in a way that Mr. Clem- em AttIee's visit to this country started aunt before Prime Minister Eden made his

' ' .thegeneraleIeo- I awn reasons: I toretum to

ya .,,,-I

stances, for their economic survival. The:

his speeches here have been tinged withl more political partisanship than otherwisep might have suited the purpose; for Mr Attlee is more than a party leader-he is

one of the great statesmen of the British to '

Commonwealth. - I If it is not an impertinence to say so, itI

almost looks as if the Labour chieftain was

taken with a little surprise by Sir Anth- V Had he expected it quite as soon it is reasonable to assumer

ony's announcement.

that he would have planned a shorter itin-,; I

erary or, perhaps. postponed It to a laterh As for his speeches they do not ap- 1 pear to contain very much of importance 5 that differs in any fundamental way from .

date.

the views of the Eden Government. Natur-

ally, he believes that a Labour.Government . i

would do things much better than the Con-

servatives have been doing them for the I last three and a half years-he would be a .,A very unusual party leader if he did not; T but when it comes to specific cases, he is I

less emphatic. For example, he says that,

although Russia is not a democratic coun- . try, ”we must learn to live with other peo-

ple who do not hold our own view." Has not that been the viewpoint of the British Government all along? Neither Sir Winston. Churchill nor Sir Anthony Eden cares one iota about Russia's political system as such. Peaceful co-existence-or live and let live- is as much on their minds as it is on Mr. Attleels. A What they have objected to-and what Mr. Attlee objects to with equal ferv- our-is Russia's aggressive intentions to- warda other nations.

Again, Mr. Attlea believes that Red China should be given a seat in the United Nations. That may or may not be a wise recommendation; but certainly Sir Winston and Sir Anthony have expressed the same view on mom than one occasion, though perhaps with a little less assurance of its practicability. With respect to German re- armament, the Labour leader says it is "un- palatable but necessary." Exactly. The same sentiment has been expressed by Government spokesmen tima and time again. For all we know, there may be many reasons why the British voters will prefer Mr. Attlee and his Lalbouritea to Sir Anthony IEderI and his Conservatives on May 26; but in foreign affairs, if Mr. Att- leeis recent speeches are any indication of official Labour policy-and of course they are-any difference in approach to prob- leans is very meagre indeed.

EDITORIAL NOTES

St. George's Day. 0

Newfoundland is now credited with a moose population of 40,000, all sprung from ,six pairsorf moose introduced into the Province at the turn of the century.

0 D O

A report from Washington says that Vice-President Nixon shook hands with 1400 Capitol Hill tourists in two hours. This is pre-election goodwill on a very large scale indeed. It must be that the V.P.'a personal ambitions for 1956 have. taken an upward climb.

It is a matter of satisfaction that the export controls clamped by Washington on ;the distribution of the Salk polio vaccine do not apply to shipment: to Canada. The order was believed necessary to make cer- tain there will be enough of the vaccine to I innoculate the children of the two countries

I this year.

An American archaeologist claims to have discovered skeletons of men who lived i8().0(l0 years ago. It's an interesting dis- ;covery; but there have been so many pre- lhistoric relics dug up in recent years that ,'this one comes as a sort of anti-climax,

about which there is little excitement. O I D

As will be noted from an announce- ment in today's issue, the P. E. 1. Rural Beautification Society's contests will be enlarged this year, the Home Improve- Iment. competition being divided into a Farm Home Improvement competition land a Small Holding competition. In the larger competition homes located in incor- porated villages can be entered. Also this year there will be a Village Improvement competition. The success of the Society in promoting rural beautification has been phenomenal, and every year the contests are becoming keener and more general.

According to a religious news agency there will be three summer courses this year at the Ecumenical Institute of the World Council of Churches at Oeligny, Switzerland. The first, June 1 to 5, will be for missionaries on furlough. It will deal with Africa-the problems of the in- digenous church, racial conflicts, and the clash between Christian and Islam mis-

sions. From July 18 to Aug. 8, there will be a seminar for teachers and students, the main course of study being the works of T. 8. Eliot. The 3nd course will be for layman to discuss the message of the Evanston Assembly. Representatives are expected to attend the three courses from

A Little Harder To Keep The Kiddies In

Canadian Press

Stabilization of the normally- shifting split in tax revenues be- tween Canada's various govern- ments has been the prime object- ive uf the federal-provincial fiscal agreements that coma up for dis- cussion herc next week.

other main aims are to spread money around from the wealthy to the "have not.” regions and to lessen the number of government fingers reaching into the individ- ual taxpayer'a pocket.

The agreements inviiving nine provinces-all except Quebec- expire March 31. 1957. Federal and provincial government heads are to meet Tuesday and Wednesday to arrange for a general renego- tiating conferenca later this year.

A complex history going back more than 15 years is behind the meeting. The agreements flow from a combination of recom- mendations of the Rowell-Sirois commision on federal-provincial relations and tax rental pants at- tained under the financial pres- sure of His second World War.

STORMY HISTORY

They had a stormy history in their early days, some went" .5 torpedoing a conference. others banging the table and holding out for better deals for their prov- inces. All new are in except Que- bec's Maurice Duplessis. a zealot

. Oltalwa Conference Aims

By John Lellanc

Staff Writer

simplified terms-is that the con- senting provinces federal government their rights to personal and corporation tax. along with succession duties for most provinces. in return for payments from the federal treas- u

SWBD

In the fiscal year

Rough calculations

to the

income

ry. Meanwhile. the treasury has been mining these tax fields left free by the provinces. ended last March 31. the federal government turned over to the nine provinces in the agreements return for the tax CflfICeSSi0un. by federal officers are to the effect that this is about 388,000,000 more than the nine provinces themselves would have collected had they retained the leased taxing powers and ap- plied what Ottawa consider. nor- mal tax rates.

JUST GUESSEI

However, the officials making these estimates admit little more than guesses.

For the federal fiscal year that ended March 31. these

b32'I,400.000 in

thaw are

were the

I The Aga Old Story '

Surely God wil not hear vaa ity, neither wll the Almighty ra- lard It.

ON FIRST CALL

He has emphasized that the peacetime forces going to the Malayan theatre will form part of a Commonwealth strategic reserve for the southeast Asia area. They have no direct commitment to SEATO, but it is taken for granted that they would be on first call if forces were contributed by mem- ber pations. The cost of the new obligations has not been announced, but the prime minister has indicated it should be within the scopeof cur- rent votes plus a contribution from the defence fund. which has been built up over a number of years. He has pointed out that uipment fpr a jungle division should be less costly as fewer items like Centurion tanks will be needed.

The new program has bean ani- ticlzad In detail. but than has been little confli t on psi ciploa. The opposition, Labor party. is divided over sanding troops to a colonial territory. But its lack of unity on the question has resulted in little effectiva opposition being expressed. '

for retention of provincial taxa- tion rights. Basis of the .5. emaata-in 000

Saskatche- Alberta. 331,- 800,000; British Columbia, 346.100.-

paymenta to the provinces from the federal caslibox:

Newfoundland. 312,500,000; Nova Scotia, sm.5oo.ooo; Prince Edward Island. 53,900,000; New Brunswick. 317,000,000; Ontario, Sl42,800.000; Manitoba, M6.200.000; wan. 326,600,000;

405 DIED DI LANIDILIDI

JAKARTA, Indonesia (Reuters) -A total of 405 persons were killed

small village in central Java Sun- day night. local authorities stated Thursday. First reports had put

New Zealand's

New Zealand has abandoned its traditional defence role which pre- vailed in two world wars. In I fu- ture conflict its effort will be con- fined to the Pacific. At the same time it is stepping up its peacetime share in Pacific defence.

These are the chief features of a major switch in defence policy which is gradually being revealed in government statements. The full shape of future policy is not yet clear, but the pattern now has been indicated in general outline.

The changes follow the confor- nce of Commonwealth prime ministers in London and the Seato meeting at Bangkok.

In both world wars, New Zea- land made its major military con- trlbutloii in the Middle East and Europe.

NEAREII HOME

The Second World War showed, however, that New Zealand must look to an area nearer home. Although the undertakings to send a land force to the Middle East in time of war were renewed after

1945. doubts were widely expressed about the wisdom of dividing the defence effort in such a way.

The increasing danger in the Far East made it clear that all the forces New Zealand could muster and more would be needed for the defence of its own theatre and that troops could no longer be spared

for more distant zones.

The government has been press-

ing this view at Commonwealth consultations for some time. and at the London conference Prime Minister Sidney Holland secured endorsement for a major change.

Accordingly New Zealand has been Ieleased from all commit- ment: to send troops to tha Middle East or Europe in time of war.

squa

Defense Role

3! J. 0. Graham Canadian Press, Auckland

disproportionate burden hitherto borne h this area. The new under- takings are: 1. Dispatch to Malaya of a num. hr of volunteer commando units of about 200 men, trained in air. borne operations. 1. Two and Possibly three fri- gate: will be made available for servica in Malayan waters. 3. One ground attack fighter drop is being til-ansfen-ad from Cyprus to Malaya. Half a trans- ggrtt squadroasa and half a flyas a reconna n d be sent to the " W" T" ACQUIBE CRUISER

same area.

Further new defence steps clude the acquis

modernized an latest davicas 000.000; science

At the sama

as an aasanti Britain.

flc llml

groups. including Fiji. A to

of its future ha Prime Mini

Ition from Britain of a Royaliat class cruiser, to be d fitted with the at a coat of 311,- an: new work in defence an security about which no details have been revealed. . time the country will continue its traditional role food supplier to

Until now New Zealand's Paul. defence contribution has been ' tad to protection of its own shores and certain Pacific island

rca of reduced size is still serving in Korea and no indication I yet been given. ster Holland says that in making these commit- ments. New Zeaiand's 2,000,000 people have met all tba requests made at the London conference.

the victims at 500. Many oattla man also buried when a layer of man than 15 feet of earth crashed down on the sleeping vil- lage of Pakasiran from the two 2.000-foot hills it nestled against.

by the landslide which buried a obool

Medically Speaking

SOME PAINFUL SYMPTOMS OF AN INFECTIOUI DISEASE

Infectious mononucleosis is dia- ressing to almost everyone who as it. Painful swollen lymph ,.ands, particularly in the neck. .5 the main symptom in most cases. Moving. your pack is going to hurt.

Increua la Wbiia Cells

In addition to enlarging the ,lymph glands, it causes an Icreaae in the number of white g cells In your blood. The spleen in the upper part. of your abdoman is usualLv enlarged, too.

You probably will have a alight- ly sore throat'and swallowing will be painful. Your mouth also is likely to be inflamed.

You may have a favor ranging aahigbulolaslobdeureamln adults, this fevar comes before glandular enlargement and it may last for several weeks. In children, however, the lover usual- ly accompanies the enlarged glands and often subsides after only a few days.

other symptoms an weahiall. exhaustion. and pain is tha logo. You may feel mentally depressed. nervous. have giddy spells and sweat profusely. Jaundice may develop in some instances. In a few cases. a skin rash breaks out.

Seldom Fatal

Seldom is this disease fatal. It does, howevar. cauaa an occa- sional death. Consult your physi- clan promptly if you suspect you have infection mononucleosis.

Usually. infuctioua mononucle- osis can be treated satisfactorily with an extract made from tbs adrenal glands. Ordinarily, this will relieve the symptoms.

Ganaral cars of your mouth and throat are essential. I think you'll find warm sallna solutions par- ticularly helpful as a mouhwalh. Mix on quartnr teaspoonful of salt to about half a glass of warm water. If you have stomatitis tin- flamed mouth) your doctor might advise that you use potassium perborata as a mouth waah twiea a day.

You've got to remain h bed until your doctor decrees you can get up. some victims an ill enough to got to a hospital. As with any other acute infection, your diet must be light.

QUESTION AND ANSWER

Mrs. L. P. A.: I have been ill for two years with a heart oondltton and have lost my desire for food. What can I take to restora my appetite?

Answ... Poor appetite comes from many causes. A thorough examination should be made to

in to collect we a year loss than a

N9

good. And. properly dons. should be more of tenure and an accomplishment than a cbors. - Vancouver Provinca.

Tlia St. Lawraaoa Seaway Aa- Llilrty is sacking a university-traim ad paraounal man at u.ano a year and tbraa 5.000 a your admin- latrativa-offioara "with high school graduation as-'aquivalent." Why spend money on going to college

man who went only to high school? -Brantford Expositor.

Got; an eight years staoa India bacama aall-govaralng. it top navy man still is a Briton, Sir Mark Pisey. When he retires he is likely to ba succeeded by another Briton, but aftar that Prime Min- LIIC Nehru hopaa an Indian will be ready for the job. Mr. Nehru is acting intelligently in this mat- tar, by setting abillw above the demands of nationalism. When an Indian finally reaches the top post, -wa can assume ha has what it takes. including the Nelson touch.

door star.

'11:: cud figars-skating star who has sought asylum in . the United Stataa says that the Com- munist "amateurs" are not ama- teurs at all. She ncelvod a sub- stantial salary from the stata. Ht atatamant only confirms what was already suspected. But. how could it be pouibla to be an am- ateur la a country in which all activiiial. lwrh included. are under stata ragulauou? Tho very word "amateur" means an Indo- pandaat activity. the one thing a Communist Stats moat prohibits.- Monta-aal Gaaetta.

5' E E

1'01 and over-slmplication requires dis- tortion of the truth. Hence. iao. lfacto. oratgau are liar-11.. Glisod RIIRUIIC. IPOBIII. thing of beauty. It is worth .

uaury in an o old world. 's no and to be- lieve a speaker Jllat because he's good. We can love a Munchausen

as long we rec got him The Prince: Wherld. '5

such. -

Tia prospector who doe-'t want gold so much as flu thrill of find- ing it has much in common with the sportsman. especially the amateur fisherman. If salmon-fiah- mg, for instance. were on a strictly

determine the cause of the troubla. Then proper treatment may be employed.

MARI AII. GADII WIII

OTTAWA (GP)-Sonia 19.000 air cadeta from across Canada will hold spacial pandas Sunday to of- ficially opaa Air Cadet Weak. The league is observing the , ' ' week to show Canadians what is baing done to train youth of high ago.

MGVII OONTIACI

LONDON (OP) - Virginia He- Kenna. Bridal act:-us at prauat uudar contract with J. Arthur Rank. is aapacted to sign for MGM's new

, ' -M4 I NOTES BY THE WAY fowerfollowers.

estimates the averaged about .7!

window-cleaning in tho of household accidents.

Now the black planet

businesslike bogs. it would have .

The Gum-dlz

New Brunsu t the tourist-an; 3 P01-ind salmon be caught last ye

The overhead is terrific. In rem to the ooinmerclul mon caught. But right now a of last year's fisherman are mu Ing the days until they can gm VI a pound for salmon an... Windsor

value or ,

Star. ----.... IAZABDOOI JOI

A West German survey um main can

A-....:....

VII: v. Weed

LUCIFIR If SIARLIGZ

on a atanad light Pnllaa Lam uproaa. Tired of his dark dominion tuna

the fiend

Above the rolling ball in slot

part screaa'd

Wliarahzinnon hugged their up.

of ropoaa.

Poor prey in his hot I of prh

were those,

And now upon his wutarn WII

he lean (I.

Now his huge bulk o'ar Africa

sands careen'd. shadow Arctic snows.

Soaring through wilder zones tli.

prick'd his scars

Wiii memory of the old row from Awa. ls reached a middla height, 8!

the stars,

which are the brain of liaavq

be look'd, and sank.

Around the ancient track marcl

ad, rank on rank.

'.l!Ia army of unaltarable law.

-George Mereditl .2...

Burke

Electric Authorized

Dealer

Electrical dvvg-ingu

airing an upp es Rep Oil Heating Household Appliances

Television ,

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lOIoIIaN- 'l'al.lv0ll In-aararldnl

'.l'wa' from trlot.A

ACADIAN Hora

"DOWNTOWN HALIFAX"

uoaen Brick nuu'-sin; wlun aneomnm In any loan for our Guests safety.

HALIFAX Nova scam

and Theatre Db sprinkler Symbom

NIWL WNIIII-llngla 32.50-33.00-38.50

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TORIDHEET

Toudaupm dulanawbaraisdoaalbainaolgood... ' an 'vayuuaiqunbndagaonhsgupdahu5

aavlagaoalaaIbMs.Phoaouafashaaaad-ass.

IIIGKERSON ENGINEERING (lo.

columnist Robert G. Ruai-lg.

r

YOU GET IT WITH

Rotary WALL FLAME

Burner

Peacettme contributions have alsr been cancelled and an air squad- ron stationed in Own: has been withdrawn. I

Future New Zealand military training and equipment will be based on Ju e warfare lnsteadI of an open gluing of the fypel ncountered In the Middle E.aat. RAPID MOBILIZATION I

In the event of war. New Zea- land will make available a divi- alon, with armored and ancillary units, for Pacific service. Tin bnsia exists for fairly rapid dls patch of a force of this size.

Since 1950. all youths of la haw undergone three monthr , '- sory military training. followed by three years' part-time service In territorial force units and a fur Iher period In the army reserve. gufficlant

..... .2-..-:19.-.:':.:.”-'w" -' The Increase in pest-time com-

mitments lnlthe Pacino la aimed ' at relieving amt: of some of

lfyof

dates:

L

Dr.M. E.l.aZai-ta.

Canadian Counol up-to-data survey Trans-Canada network this

ANNOUNCEMENT

famIardoaaarfaducaltan.Ualvara-

andfartan yours duainnan aftha farldueatianaflaaaarctuwlgivaan lncanadaovarclc aolningwoakonlhafalawing

ofadioal Inducing

APII. 25--ELEVDJ SCHOOLSYSTIMS IN CANADA -NOT JUST ONI

APRIL 26--WANTII-50.000 TEACHERS. APRIL 28-WHO SHOULD TEACH WHAT. APRI. 29-50!!! All MORIIIOUAI. THAN OTHERS.

Thus each night--I 0:,20'p.In. folowlng news round Q.

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