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__P_1‘+€E_F°Ul§ lllE GIIARLOTTETDWII GUARDIAN

Morning Daily (Founded in lit")

(ICING!!! Lient. Col W Chester B. MoLnre Vice-President: J. l Burnett, IJJ. Secretary: iJeut. Col l). A Maeliinnon- 0.8.0. lffor end Managing Director: J. R. Burnett, FJL Auiueinie Editors: Frank Walker and len A. Burnett

SUBSCRIPTION RATES l1 lileli In P. l. l., $4.00 per year: $2.50 for 0 month 81.25 irvr 8 months; 50o for one month | City Delivery: $5.00 per year; 53.00 for 0 month: $1.75 for 3 months

By Mall in Canada and U.S.A. 55.00 per yen

lgturday tilerktyzwilllil per year; $1.00 for 6 monllilr c

for 3 months.

‘Ilse Ohnriottetown tlunrdinn lney he ohtnlned a juggling’: New: Agency, Time: tiouere. New Yorlri Old South News Agency, Corner Mills and Wuiiington. Boltoll Metropolitan New: Agency, iii-its Peel 8t" Montreal: J. Fine, 354 Boy 51., Toronto: New: Stand, Chateau lieur-er. Ottawa; Wolfe‘: Sew: stunt]. Budbury. Ont; llub Tohneeo llrep, lloneton. N. 8.1 Ellen Robertlon. Amhoret, N. l.

_“The Strongest Memory is Weaker than fill Weakest Ink."

WEDNESDAY. MAY 28. 1941.

President Roosevelt's Speech

' President Ifooscvclfs long-awaited statement on the war situation brings the United States squarely iiitu line with Britain in her battle for freedom zrnd denrocracyu lt was accompanied by the issuing of a proclznnzrtion declaring “that an tnrlinritcd irzrtitirral emergency exists and re- quires th: strr-ngtlrciring of our (lefences to the extreme limit oi our national power and auth- ity." lIe reasscrted “the ancient American doc- trine of freedom of the seas," the “solidarity of the [\\'(‘lll_\'-OilC American reptiblics and the Do- minion of (‘arrzrrlii in the preservation oflthe illll('l)(’iitll'!lt‘t‘ of the hcruisphere," and the right oi "we in the Americas" t0 (lflcitle "Wlllfllef all‘! when and where our American interests are at- tacked or our sccirrily threatened.”

lle Cllltrgctl lhrrt it was the purpose of Nazi Gcrrnziirv 1o dominate the world and “strangle the Uniicd States of Arrrcrica and the Dominion of Canada." Every possible aid to Great Bri- tain, which stands between the Axis and such domination of the seas, is therefore a. first and fiirctnost consideration. Noting that the U. S Navy is tioiirg patrol duty in the North Atlan~ tic and stating that the ships in that area are be- ing constantly increased, he pledged “all addi- tional measures necessary to deliver the goods." If these nrczrstires lead to war, as the Nazis have threatened, America, .\ir. Roosevelt implied, has no other choice.

Two articles of ‘national policy were thus en- unciated by the President:

“First, we shall actively resist wherever ne- cessary, and with all our resources, every at- tempt by llitlcr to extend his Nazi domination to the western hemisphere, or to threaten it_ \Ve shall actively resist his every attempt to gain control of the seas. \\'e shall insist upon the vital importance of keeping llitlerism away frorri any point in the world which could be used and would be used as a base of attack ag- ainst the Americas.

“Second, from the point of view of strict naval and military necessity, we shall give every possible assistance to Britain and to all who, with Britain, are resisting lslitlerism or its equivalent with force of arms. Our patrols are helping now to insure delivery of the needed supplies to Britain. All additional measures ne- cessary to (lcliver the goods will be takcn_ Any and all further methods or combinations of methods, which can or should be utilized, are being devised by our military and naval tech- nicians. who, with me, will work out and put info effect such new and additional safeguards as may be needed."

This ringing challenge was accompanied by an appeal to “all loyal citizens to place the na- tion's nerds first in mind and action to the end that we may nroliilizc and have ready for in- slant dcfcnsivc use all of the physical powers. all of the morzrl strength and all of the material resources of this ntrtion."

The President's speech, broadcast throughout the wrirlrl, will llflVC tremendous repercussions. In Great llritzriu ii cannot fzril to rouse rene\vcrl courzrgc: rrnrl confidence. Among the Donrinioirs, it hzrs of course particular interest for Canada. To the \\'il1llC world it signifies that our Ameri- can neighbors. in all but the name, are in this ivar lo ihc finish.

The "Hood" Avenged

lll\lfl'.'_\' i» living rundc these days with a spced which is ifl't'.'llll'l.'ll(llifl'. The lizrttle for Crete has llt‘('ll \\'.'rqurl for lhc llil>l wrrk on lliiifl, sea and in thc zrir with inipr"cct-<lcrrlr~<l ferocity, but in the mczrrrtinrc another" drnrurr has been enacted in _tlre North _.\ll.'urtic, rivnlling tlre most excit- ing chzrptcr‘ in Britain's mrval annals. The sink- ing of licrm:nr_v's crzrck new battleship Bis- tnzrrcl; “in slcrn rcvcngc for the sinking of the lizrttle crrriscr‘ llliod" \\'.'lS achieved by torpedo plzrncs frrim thc zrircrzrft carrier Ark Royal—the some .\rk l\‘<i_\:rl which the Nazis claimed to hrrvr- sunk in lhv: r-zrrly days of the war, and, with cimcnl lllCli|l>l$l(‘llC_\', on iuzrny occasions since. It was just lhrcc days zrftcr the Hood went down. .\n "unlucky hit" hzrd blasted the British warshhfs priwdci" irrzrgnzinc, but there was no element of luck in the grim sequel which sent the llism.'rrrk to the brilliini. It was achieved by British tenacity and efficiency. 'l'hcy virtually combed llrc riccztn f<ir thc scurrying ciremy. Yes- terday's dispzrlchcs iurlicrrlc that the Nazi battle- ship ivrrs deserted liy lrrr escorting cruiser the Prince liugcn. “ilczrsures are being takcti," to bring hcr also tii book. ln any ease, says an Ad- miralty announcement, the destruction of Ger- many's newest battleship is “a vcry definite simplification of lhc lzrsk of nrrrintzrirring an cf- fective mastery of the northern r-CIIS and main- tcnance 0f the ll()l‘lli(‘l'l1 blockade."

There is significance for llillcr in the fact that the llisnrzrrck. aflcr eluding her pursucrs on Saturday night iit bad weather, was spotted hv a United Slnlcs built Catalina reconnaissance plane before mid-day m1 Sunday. Planes of this type are being sent to llritain in ever rncrewsmg ‘numbers and are proving of great value in long-

distance flying.

In the ivaters around Crete, British warships are described as having written a new chapter of courage uirdcr one of the heaviest air attacks in history. Losses in such circumstances are in- evitable. Two cruisers and four destroyer: of the Royal Navy have been sunk, and other warships damaged. The other side of the story is told with grim brevity in the statement: "No sea-borne cncluy troops have lmrdcd in Crate." We have also Prime Minister Churchill's assur- ance that there is “no question whatever of our naval position in the Eastern Mediterranean having been prejudicially affected."

—z EDIIURIAL NUIES .-i

Farming has had a chance the past coupleiof days, though the land is in a quagrtiire condition in many sections.

e ii- w

Parliament will be rising soon,‘ yet still there is no indication of a move on the part of our re- presentatives to obtain worthwhile \var industries for this province. Every province is getting them except Prince Edward Island.

u it n- e

The unemployment scheme does not apply to workers earning $2,000 and up annually, or to workers in agriculture, forestry, fishing, lumber- ing and logging, transportation by air or water, stevedoring and private domestic service. Only the few here will benefit any from its operation

ii- in n: v

Hon. Cyrus Macmillan, M.P., Dean of Arts and Sciences, .\IcGill University, will present Her Royal Highness Princess Alice, and bliss Dorothy Thompson for the honorary degree of LL.D. on the occasion of the annual Convoca- tion.

it. in e >l=

Speaking of Hon. Cyrus hlarcmillan our local contemporary expresses satisfaction that we have "A REPRESENTATIVE at Qttavtra with the intellectual attainments to play a leading role in the enactment of a rireasirre of national significance.” \\'lrat about the others, Col. Ral- ston, Dr. Grant arid Mr. Douglas? Are they devoid of intellectual attainments or ii it a case of comparisons being odious?

i n: m e a

King Leopold of Belgium surrendered to the Nazis this date, i940. The Germans had launch- ed a. heavy attack on May 26th. Next day the enemy crossed the Lys at several points. The British front remained intact but the French and Belgian gave way. Thousands of B elgian civilians rushed into the roadways and were ruthlessly bombed by German airmen. King Leopold without consulting his government or allies asked for suspension of hostilities which was granted, while his government went to Paris and ultimately London, declaring they would continue the fight.

e e e e

It is known that Germany, with ample re- sources of most essential supplies, is producing planes in very large nuntbers every month. The extent in which the production has been slowed by British bombardment is not known. It may be great or little but there has been no evidence yet that the Nazi air arm is weakening. British air supremacy, in these circumstances, seems conditional upon the floiv of machines from the United States, particularly in the heavy bomber class, and reports from \\'aslringtoi1 in this re- spect are interesting. The substance of them is that a rate of output beyond the Germanczrpac- ity t0 equal will be reached in the summer of 1943. This, of course, docs riot include prodric- tion in other categories, which is very large, but it suggests that complete air strprcmacy “before tnany months are out," as claimed by Rt. Hon. Malcolm MacDonald in 'l‘or0nt0 recently, is not a promise to be realized in a matter of weeks. 1t will be fullfilled, but not overnight, and irr the meantime the citadel must be held. Canada must help hold it, not with departmental blue- prints liut through the total mobilization of all its resources in the least possible time.

n: >l1 v *

Says the London News Chronicle, the leading Liberal newspaper in England, and recognized as the mouthpiece of Sir. Archibald Sinclair, Miri- ister of hlunilioris rind Libcrzil Lczrdcr:

“We, the British people, WZilli you, the Arrrcri- can people, in this war on our side —fighting. Not to save us from defeat but to help us to vic- tory-quickly.

"We are convinced we cannot lose this wtrr. We also are coirviirccd we are going to win this war. Eventually. Tihat is the rub. Time!

“\Ve (lorft want this war t0 drag on years . . . . We know, too, that unlcss you come into llris \\':rr and fight it with us it's going to take us a long time to win it. It may take us years, wasteful. wasted years.

“But if you will come in and come in fighting we can whip these savages back into their caves before the end of next year"

a v n» m

Thus writes tltc “hrslringtoir Correspondent of the Uorrtrcal Gazette :—

“The Noose Tightens: \Vlrcn the President postponed his ‘important’ speech to the nation scheduled for Inst Wcrliresrlzry, Washington 0b- servers (including this one) made many wild guesses as to the cause for this action. Some set it down to the Preside-id's illness. some to the lless incident, others thzrt public opinion had not sufficiently crystallized to receive the convoy airnoutrcenrcnt the President was expected to malt-e.

“Not until the Friday press conference with Mr. Roosevelt did we learn the real reason. The President stated it in declining to answer most of our questions on foreign policy; he said things were moving too fast, situations were changing from hour to hour tori radically, for him to give airy proper answers to questions about America and the wrrr.

President's reason came crackling over the wire- less. France had capitulatcrl completely to the

Axis; German specialists were pouring into Dakar; the French fleet might be rcquisitioncd by Hitler for the battle of the Atlantic; Martini- que in the heart of America's defence system was theoretically an Axis base of operations; in short, America. suddenly was in tnortril danger."

| "A few hours later the full significance of the

THE_QHQRLQTTETOWE_GUARPJAN

lllllTES BY TllE WAY

The people were magnificent. That pnrase has become almost rife, but. it was never more true than of the workers of the Clyde- slde. They gave the answers, not. only to the‘ Nazis, but also to those of little faith who have been say- urg consistently that. "Red Clyde- sznc", ridden WiLh defeatists, would crack. They had very little under- standing of the temper and temper- ament of the Clyde worker. lie is a prickly, awkward, opinionated cuss who won't be driven, like the Glasgow transport workers who voted solidly against driving through the blitz —and then drove through the blltzi -— London New Stateman.

J. ll. Buckingham and Company. Limited. of London, England, will

if they have lost their books through enemy action. The C. H. Smith Company in Windsor is one of the firms customers A letter to Mr. Smith tells of the head office being bombed. The company is writing to all its customers and risking them to write in saying how much the owe. No firm will want. to take a vantageof tlie Bucking- ham company's dilemma. There is honesty in business. becaure if there were not, business- could not. survive. The firms Friar keep deal- ing year in and year out with es- tablished clients have proven their reliability. Marry queer quirks have resulted frcm what ‘he people of Great. Britain so county described ast "enemy 8CDlOII".——WiIitlSOl‘ Ont, S ar.

l travelled recently ori two long journeys from England to remote parts of Scotland (writes ‘G. T. H3’) It. is not glvin military secrets away to say this in ooth directions on both journeys the trains were crammed with. naval, military, and Air Force men of every conceivable dimension, unit, disposition, and nationality. Yet. strangely. there was one thing whlchnll these men appeared to enjoy tn common; l refer (to use Mr. Mlcawberk. phraseologyi to more than e modicum of somnolerice - in short, to profound steep, For among these tralnfuls of warriors it surprised me to observe that. none prayed cards, none read books, none argued over the war or the "new order" either Hitler's or anyone elseis - in truth, I never heard Hitler's name even mentioned; only a handful rend newspapers; but. ninety-nine per- cent. indulged in almost continuous sleep. We rumbled past vulnerable strategic points, over vital bridges. alongside vast. works belching senoke and steam, through leagues of fields getting ready for spring. Hapless. nervous civilians like my- self gazed anxiously out at this marvellous and precious panorama. But to it our travelling companions turned a closed eye. As I sat. wedged among our snoring defenders and their equipment. in a crowded-ta- suffocatlon ex-dining-car only one other person seemed awake. He was an Allied airman, small, dark and with twinkling eyes. "Vet" interest- ing", he remarked, surveying the extraordinary scene. “I: do good to Hitler to see them. It would be terrifying indeed to him to hear them sleep so. ‘They are truly not worried about his war at iilL-Man- chester Guardian.

The tradition that n country will not be kept back from war because of financial problems ls amply ccri- firmed by Japan's ex; r; lflg the past fow yea. . fore the Manchurian ‘Incident’ the Japanese budget, was not. fully bel» anoed, but since then the annual deficit has grown rapidly. The 1941- 42 budget, according to the Denim- ment of Commerce's Foreign Com- merce Weekly, provides for bor- rowing 60 r cent. of total exptndj- lures for t. year estimated at. l2,- 274 million yen, or $2.872.000.000. The national debt stood at 6,003 million yen 1n December, i931; by last December the dreaded ten- billion yen mark had long since been pnst, and the total had risen to 27.750 million. The real prob- lem in Japan's military effort is not financial but productive. The level of industrial output has changed little since 1037, after hav- ing doubled in the six years follow- ing 1031. Product-ion of military supplies has continued to increase, it. is true at the expense of civilian output; but evcn its rate of expans- lon liris notably slackened in the last two years. It ls estimated that. {i0 per cent of tha enrrc national income was devoted to military purposes rii 1940. This is tar less than the 63 per cent credited to Britain and the '72 per cent. for Germany. But it docs not follow that Japan can further increase ner military effort; for Japan ts a far poorer country than the others, and its margin of output over a bare sub- sistence is far smaller. There is some reason to believe that. it is close to the practicable limits of the curtailment of civilian consump- , tlon and the reduction "if the stand- ,ard of living. No ctiirnge in the , underlying situation seems probable

iii the near future, and the press-lit

inflationary trends are therefore _likcl_y to continue. Financial dusas-

ter is not, however, to be looked for.

'I'here promises ralner to be a

fihflrllmlllg of the present trend to- - Ward a lughly centralized rind regi- mcnted economy which will at least postpone the _ problem. whatever may be its ultimate consequences -New York Times.

In Rome, as in Berlin, and even in Moscow, the news of each fresh strlkc in America's var industries is welcome indeed. And why should it. not. be? who proflrs from t-liese

‘strikes? Certainly not the Ameri- can workmen. Certainly not. the l American‘ emphyers. Certainly not | the American nation, Not. even the small ETWD 01’ Derststerri. social ren- ovators tn the New Deal gains ‘therefrom. At a critical moment |when the almost unanimous wish of Americans l; that '11; nation's Itiefenses shall be made ready as quickly as possible, the succession I of strikes ts crippling the prepared- ness program. At. a time when the ,pollcy e-f all aid for a

i”

en's wishes. —- New York Herald Tribune.

Since the arrival at Singapore last month or e large contingent of Australian troops, tensions in the Pacific have eased so-newhet, Tbs may only be the lull before another storm. one that. may possibly break out following Forel n Mlnistery Matsuokirs visit to "scow, Berlin and Rmne. Bql. the presence,

porary thcirgn i-t. may be. of two squadrons of Amerimn vvrshipr in the South Pacific should _tcnd to

collect most of their accounts, even J

Toil Aind Sweat

(Gldbe and Mall)

It is not. difficult. to credit. the rerun-k Right Hon. Malcolm MacDonald that. he would rather run : mile than make e lpeech. The popular 1m resaion that all public men are a. le to pet up and talk. to their own satisfaction, any t‘me Lhev happen to be called on Ls erroneous. Even the greatest ora- t/ors bum the midnight oll in the Dl‘€D&-BldOll of important 5-, ches. Hon. Rodolphe Lemleux, who was one of.l.he best public Speakers in Canada. once said that eloquellw was 5 per cent. inspiration and 95 per cent persplralfoti. Senator Mel- ghen. who by common consent. 1S the oiblest debater in the Canadian Parrliament speaks without notes or manuscript but when he rises he knows exrwtly What. he is 50in! to say. He has e richly etioted m rid and a marvellous memory.

The Senator's famous Winnipeg speech comes to mmd. It Wtis de- livered at the national Conserva- tive convention, and was a. oe- fense of his celebrated Hamilum speech, which had offended some people. lvlr. Meighens effort was so logical and so convincing that he swept the convention off its feet, and could eas‘ly have retain- ed the par leaderahi had he wanted it. fore lea. for the West he had given en edvecwe copy of the to a frlendlyl

used neither notes nor manuscript on the platform, the speech, as de- l lirveied. did not deviate in any particular from the manuscrpt. l The notion that. Lincoln's Getity- I

scene on the battlefield or corn- posd on a piece of cardboard going down on the train from Washing- tnn is entirely wrong. Lincoln burn- ed the midnight. oll in its prepara- tion. aooordin to the secretary who aocom ed him. and most. orators will agree that all serious speeches should be prepared in the same mariner provided they don't smell of the oil.

It Ls said of Hon. Edward Blake, one of the finest speakers Cenadal produced, that. there was no living with him for four days before he had an important speech to make.‘ And anv one who thinks that men I like Churchill and Roosevelt simply go to the microphone when they have something to tell the worldi probably would be disillusioned if he knew the facts. Mrs. Churchill a Mrs. Roweveit might be able to tell interesting stories about the incubation of memorable radio ad- dresses delivered from No. l0 Down- trig Steel and the Wlrte House. Undoubtedly Mr. Churchill and Mr. Roosevelt are able to think cm their feet. But. for their masterpieces of compelling oratory they do not trus '00 the li-isptratlcn of the mom-

sburg speech was inspired by the 1nd

WORDS ()F CHALLENGE

_.._.... A THOUGHT A DAY F03 A PEOPLE AT WAR “Each m the state must. sepiirigfeue. uorlsht- intelligent if democrat, is to survive and flourish. The greatness of the state cunnili- in the long run be new"

YIKvT Hitler Milks ' France

(Sydney Post-Record)

Under ter-nu of her armistice France isflaligeted w mo. 40o.- 000.000 francs o. day meet tho cost. of the German Amiv 0f Occup- ation. ‘These funds are provided by, advances m e by the Bank of] Fmnee and paid into the Germain