Jqpupieie wmfl endeavour to demonstrate in a re nu_mbsr.- -

nhszannm Gaznrrn

Saturday, September 8, 1856.

Scarcely a day sses that some person or other is not hear making the following in- uiry. “ I am anxious to make a remittance,

can you tell me where I can get Nova Scotia or New Brunswick £5- notes! ’ To which we, when the question is addressed to us, usually reply “ go to the Bank.” as the Bank Bill oouie out assented to? is the rejoinder. We never swear, it is against our creed, but if any-

thing could tempt one to the use of a few ex-‘

pletives, it is at absence of enterprise, that want of confidence that seems characteristic of the Island. A single-'oint stock company might be organized wit out any trouble, and would in our opinion, work better an an in- corporate body formed under the auspices of any Act of the Assembly. Let live, six or more men, of undoubted capital join together, and

t each assign in a deed of trust a certain portion of landed property as a securit each to the other, and to the public for the redemption of such notes as they might issue in the course of their trade, and let them open a bank of dis- count and deposit, and with re r care and management, an immense deaf 0 good would accrue to the people in eneral, and they them- selves and their ofiicers e handsomely remun- erated. s to risk, we see none in the world. In a small community like this, every man's means are sufiiciently well known to prevent the managing directors of the bank from ad- vancing, to an thing like a ruinous extent, upon the per ten ered. a contrary line of conduct won (I most likely be adopted and excessive caution would be rather the characteristic of its operations than rashness and temerity. And so far as the public is concerned. this would be rather a benefit than otherwise. There would be less risk of imprudent specula- tors getting into the market, and trading upon a fictitious capital, to the injur of the prudent honest man. In ajoint-stock ank where each individual is pledged, not only for the share he has in the concern, but liable to answer all claims upon it to the amount of his whole property, real and personal, it may safely be presumed, that there will be no want of due cau- tion, while in an incorporated one or where the directors are commonly among the richest men,

who if they lose the whole of their shares In‘

the bank will not be irretrievably ruined, the

same degree of minute care and attention’

cannot be ex cted. One of the principal ob- stacles wi.th some people is the fear of a sudden run for old and silver. Now nothing of the aort—un ess trade and commerce should he suddenly and miraculously augmented and hardly then—can by any possibility take lace. People who suficr their minds to be a ected with fears of such a crisis, could not, if they were asked, tell how it could be brought about. They forget the limited extent of our trade, and consequently the comparatively small amount of capital that is necessary to serve asa medium of exchange.. They seem to think, that a com- any of bankers coin a quantity of money in the shape of bank notes, which is spent, or it may be lavished on their own personal aggran- dizement. The sli htest attention to the ope- rations of a ban ing establishment would shew them, that ample security is taken for the repayment of every note that is issued in the course of its business. First, with respect to deposits. It needs no great head-piece to dis- cover, ifa person leaves in my custody a sum of mono , that I run ' no great risk in paying him bac his money in small sums as he may require it, nor if I can safely make 20 per cent. by using it, that I can afford to pay him 3, 4, or even 5 per cent., and be a gainer. Then as to discount, a man in good credit comes to the bank counter and tenders his own note for one, two, or three hundred pounds with two gfiid indorsers payable at three months. If accepted notes of the bank to that amount are counted out to him deducting the three months’ interest in this stage of the transaction, there is only a change of one kind of paper security for another, at the end of the three month’s the money lent is repaid, if in the notes of the bank, the latter is 'ust were it was before the transaction, if repa d in specie, treasury notes or the paper of t e adjoining Colonies the bank is still secured for its out-lying notes, with the additional advantage of being able to accommo- date customers who may be in need of remit- tances or who may be leaving the Island. And herein consists the benefit to the community, those who have occasion to draw upon forei

countries, go to the bank and get the value or most their bills, generally as they have occasion for claim ng such as are manifest beacons to all, it, those who wish to remit,go tojthe same place of their weakness and downward career.

y either in the notes of ‘ I, however, regard the faithful proclamation the bank or in other money, so that in cvery_ofths Goa l as the rimary and only electual transaction the bank receives afsnginc, w ich is in quid pro quo. Now were a properly constituted’ unto Salvation,” and which can alone work out establishment of the kind here, there would be‘

and purchase and phase of the

no running about afternstes, the bank would‘

be a market at which these things were bought and sold sud--customers would resort thither. im ' ' of a ruinous demand for

.‘ H

[HASZ_A,RD'S GAZET

TEMPERANCE.

On Friday the 10th inst., a Committee ap-

pointed by the Blooming Rose Oivision, of the . of T.,Belfast, waited in Pinnetts Manse upon the Rev. A. M‘Kay, M. A., new Minister of St. John's Church, with the siiniirss:

To the Rev. Alexander M‘Kay. M. A., Minis- ter of the Established Church of Scotland, &c.

Reverend and Dear Sir ;

The undersigned inhabitants of Belfast, con- nected with the Order of the Sons of Temper- ance, beg leave to congratulate you upon your safe arrival amongst us, and our assumption. of the Pastoral charge of the Presb terian Con regation of Belfast. That your abours fort e spiritual and temporar welfare of this section of the Lord‘s vineyard may. with the Divine blessing, prove a source of pleasing satisfaction to yourself and of lasting benefit and cdificationto all classes of your hearers and church members, is our most sincere and earnest prayer.

We cannot,'however, permit the present op- portunity to pass without remarking, that we

ave long been convinced, that the most serious and formidable obstacle to the progress of religion and vital piety in this community. is be ound in the long-established drinking customs of society, in which down toavery recent period, all classes have been wont to in-

following-

8

D- —-

u go. We have, however, lately felt it to be our duty to seek the suppression of these pernicious customs, by petitioning for the enactment of a ' Law to prohibit the i ortation, manufacture, ;and sale of intoxicating iquors of every dcscri - gtion, except for mechanical, medical, and re i- -gious purposes. In the further prosecution of ,this object, our Brethren, the Members of the {Blooming Rose Division will feel happy to se- gcure your valuable iii and co-operation, and ,should we be so fortunate, we have no doubt _ that im ortant and most satisfactory effects ._will be t e result. ‘ We are, , Rev. and Dear Sir, Yours very truly,

' (Sigped on behalf of DONALD i\l‘Do.\'iii.n, W. P. ,the .R.D..S. ol"l‘.) $I'IEC'l‘0R Moaaisou, R. S. I Belfast, August 10th, 1855. .~ To which the llov. Gentleman made the fol- lowing-

REPLY 2 To the Membcrsfoi" the Blcomilngl Rose Divi- .sion, of the Sons 0 ' cniperunee, ie fast. l Gentlemen; .

I beg to thank you very heartily for the vcrys friendly reception which you are pleased to Egive me as Pastor of the Belfast Congregation. I do assure you that it is my anxious and ear-

" nest desire, and it shall be my unwearicd aim —in dependence on divine aid, to promote the spiritual, and as a conse uence, the torn oral well-being of all to wlgimd may be priliii cged toministcr—an it ii or s me no sma inci- pient satisfaction and encouragement to have the assurance of the “sincere and earnest pra ers" of you, who are actuated with the phi anthrppip‘ atnd clli‘risti_an ln0fIl\'C8 ell; sesking o romo e e rue appincs o your re iern. It ii, at the same time, with much sorrow, that I am informed of the long and established ttil:'in‘l_riiitg fhalgitsh pf ipanybot; this compliunity,

e ac c w ic ias een ii on rcccn y veri- lied—as I am otherwise credibly informed,- so vast a quantity of ardent spirits having been purchased and disposed of or consumed in one or two neighbour-ingdistricts.h This vast expen- diture of means which miwht ave been devoted to charitable or religious piirposes,to say nothing of the many clumant evils which usually follow {ii the tratin of tfiie ctxceséiiveopsenpf _lnt:).IliileCl1l.ll)li% iquors i appe rs om n o yjusi s u loudly calls upon every tine lover of humaiiity, and upon all who feel the least interest in the glory of God, to make vigorous and united cfi'orts, both by precept and example to en- courage Abstinence and Temperate habits. ;Could the Sons of Temperance by thei teady {and friendly co-operation, convince a those -who drink less from love of a tracing desire, ,than from what is usually termed sociaIi'ty— fwho perha s form the majority—that it is us 'nianly an spirited, yea that it would evince 'mueh' more true moral tness, to abstain ‘from such (so called) social practices, for the

cod of others, as well as with the view to the

; tter appropriation of the means entrusted to them by the Author of our ever good gift, it

could not but produce a renovating and healthy

atmosphere, which must eventually operate

werfully as a secondary means, in re-

d “ the power of God

the complete salvation of man from every vice, and tha of intemperance with the rest, as not requirfipghtlhc least an rhudmari in.liiuence;and eve y coieci an sari-i out tem- rhynessmovamsiit, for the amelioration of our rstbrsn. as one of the real and prac-

'I‘E, SEPTEMBER 8.

to the true heaven-born spirit of caring not merely for our own‘ interest, but likewise ‘Jr the interest of our fellow-men. It has, there- fore, often occurred to me, that the real cause of failure in Temperance Societies—-where they! have failed—has been owing to the radical evil of regarding the Gospel as merely an auxiliary instead of iving it the first place in their esti- mation, an in putting their main reliance in merely human efforts. But when Tom erance Societies are formed, such as it is elievcd yours is, with truly noble and charitable de- signs of seeking to promote the highest interests of your kinsmen, the dissemination of vital religion, and the glory of God. relying solely for your success in the divine blessing resting on your elforts, the object you have in view must pros er and it will prosper ; for the great Father an Friend of our race has engaged to prosper His own works, and those who honour

im, he has promised to honour. Should you, then, be disappointed, at times, with the relapse of some and the consequent taunts of others, such must only serve-to show you the inellici- enc of human means and that self dependence stil cleaves to your best cfibrts; and the ne- cessity of rel ing more implicitly for steady success in lim, who alone can stablish and strengthen ourselves and others in every ood purpose and work. And I cannot refrain rom expressing my matured conviction, that were the truly ions and devoted, in every such society. to 'oru~ social prayer meetings for the divine blessin in their eflorts to advance the great virtue ot tem erancc, instead of making them outward disp ays, which are, sometimes made sole] for the sake of -display, there would, douhtless, be more general grounds for humble rejoicin sand less frequent cause for sorrow over the apsed.

Like yourselves, I am not prepared to de- nounce the use of spirituous liquors in every shape and form, as I believe it has its medici- nal- virtue.

[shall only add that I conceive it to be a sacred duty to employ my humble elforts, taking the powerfu instrument with which God has intrusted me, to oppose an evil so ruinous to soul and body as t at of intemper- ance, and _I rejoice in having your highly rc- spectable co-operation so promptly offered.

Yours very trul , A. .hI"Kiv.

Pinette Manse, Aug. l0tli, 1855.

440$‘

'l‘o Tits Bnrroa or liasz/liin’s GA1I‘I"l‘lE., Sir,—I have been recently put in possession of the Report of the Visitor of Schools, and from the magnitude of its dimensions and the iiiiportaiicc ofits author, [anticipated no small

some honorable exceptions.” Whether these honorable exceptions hold their situation in teachers merely from accident or because their employers possess a better sense of things than their more unfortunate neighbours, the sapieng Visitor does not state, though by employing ., few remarks on this head, he might have mndg a very good business of it. But it is uite easy to show that the statements of the isitor are incorrect. iidmit, that with respect to edu- cation the people of this Island may be behind those of some ot‘u-i- countries whose settlement is of more our-iv,-nt date, and whose inhabitant; possess reater advantages.’ But hoving my- self tang tfor several years in an adjacent ro- vince. and now on this Island, and havin re. sided sufficiently long in both places.to an acquired a thorough acquaintance with their res ective circumstances, Ifeel confident, that had) the people of this Island been settled down on similar terms, and enjoyed equal advantage; with their neighbouring colonists, they would not be found behind them in education, wealth, or respectability. But to come directly to the roof,_the expressions of the Visitor are entire. iy gratuitous, the inhabitants of this Island havin never declared that the sentiments pub- lishe in the School Report asfiheir sentiments on the subject of education are those which they entertain. On the contrary they have always shown, that they regarded literature as an object which is desirable and useful. As in all newly settled laces, Schools have been sup- rted on this Is and for a considerable period y the voluntary contributions of its inhabi- tants. As soon also as the finances of the coun- try adinitted of aid being iven to schools, pub- lic attention was directed’ to the sub'cct—the Central Academy was get up in Char ottetown for training the youth of the Island for school- teaching and other employments—a Board of Education was formed of gentlemen possessing a high share of literary and scientific informa- tion for the purpose ofascertaining and certify- ing the competence of teacliers—und ator about the sometime, public aid was ranted to Schools throughout the Island. An , more recently, the Legislature has passed the " Free Educa- tion Act,” which provides for the instruction of the children of all classes of the community upon equal and cos terms; and by virtue of the provisions of this “ Act" the author of the School Report now resides on the Island and rcccivesa yearly saliir from its overnment. Now. then, I would as how, in tie ver face of all these facts, the School Visitor coul have hazarded the publication 0 such a wanton, reckless, and slanderous untrutli, as that the inhabitants of this Island have neither sense nor dis )0Sll.l0l] to appreciate the education of their 0 spring. It is extreme] dillicult teac- count for the. conduct of the isitor upon any

gratification from the perusal of its pages. Before proceeding liir however, I became im- pressed with the truth of the adage, “ All is not gold that glitters." and it is needless to say, that iuy first transport soon gave way to an emotion which I shall not name. From beginning to end, the Report contains much that is inadmissible as coming froui the pen of the School Visitor, and of one who, besides the expense of his passage from Britain, rc- ccives an annual salary, which might secure the‘ services ofa man who would till the oflice wit more credit to himself, and greater satisfaction to the community. ’

The tirst thing contained in the Report which claims special attention is comprised in the following expressions, " Nothing can be more erroneous t.h'.in to suppose that amongst an ig- norant population, where the standard of edu- cation is ow, an unintelligent and illiterate Sclioohnaster is good enough for unenlightened, uninstructed children. 'l‘liis would be to as- sume that high motives. energy of character, a good understanding, and sound attainments, would be thrown away on the instruction and training of those who mestrequire to be taught; that an ignorant teacher is good enough for ignorant children, as though the iuore diflicult task to be accomplished, and the router the result to be achieved, the less eliicient should be the means employed. I am sorry to say that such seems to be the im ression in this Island. Icould scarce have believed, that there could have been in any part of the world so numerous a stall‘ of teachers, where so few had even the shadow of a qualification for their iuiportant ollice. With some honorable excep- tions, here and there, the education of the children of this community is in the hands of beardless youths, and of uneducated, untrained men of every age and calibre. A meagre know- ledge of English grammar, geography, arithme- tic and mensuration, with scarce the power to write a sentence grammatically or orthographi- cally correct. in preposterous title to. the oilioe ofa Schoolmaster.”

The above quotation must cxpress truth or falsehood If it express truth, the people of this Island must be in II state of degradation far below that of any other known part of the civilised world. A ording to the ipsc din‘: of the Visitor of Schoo s, they are notable to dis- tinguish a qualified teacher from a blockhead, an as a corroboration of his assertion, be

this communi is in the hands of beardlcss

youths, and o -uneducated, untrained men of

I rpprd _ tical fruits o the Gospel, inciting the movers

-4.!

every age and calibre, with here and there,

states that “ the_ education of the children of a

other supposition, than that he laboured under some unaccountable spell when he penned those ex ressions.

l‘hc second thing contained in the foregoing quotation involves a grave reproach upon the Board of Education and the teachers of Schools. I allow that the Board of Education may not be for enough sighted to notice every thing tha't should enter iizto the composition of the schoolteacher, but still I think , that some allow- ance slioul e made. Custom renders ital- most invariably neccssary that candidates for examination, previously to their appearance before the lioard, use their razors, and the

entleiiien of the Board being cognimnt of this tact are disposed to take it for granted, that the root of the matter is in them, and to proceed accordingly. 'l‘hc Board of l-ldueation are there- fore entitlcd to some indul once from the Visitor upon this point, cs ccial y as the beardis_ nqualilication,oii which t ieScliool Act is silent. But the most serious pnrtof the charge remains yet uncoiisidcred. The School Report positively uilirms that “ few of the teachers have even the shadow of a qualification for their important ollice.” The qualifications required by law of even the lowest class teacher, are readiu , writing, arithmetic, English gramimir, boo - keeping. and geograph ; but according to the School Report, few 0 the teachers can la claim to any measure of acquaintance wit either of these branches of education—not even to the shadow of an acquaintance with any of them. Now iftliis be true. nothing can justify the conduct of the Board of Education in grant- ing these people their license. But, for my rt, 1 do not believe that the assertion con- tains the least particle of truth. The teacher of the New Perth School Lot 51, can write; and I am well acquainted with another teacher who, with thq exception of formin such a piece of composition as now lies be ore him, can read, write, teach, or do anything else in that line much better than the Visitor ; and the Visitor is hereby challenged to produce even a single instance in confirmation of the truth of his assertion on this int.

But allowing that 3.0. schooltcachers may be, just such as the Visitor reports that they are, so do dingly deficient that, " in many instan- ces, t ey scarce possess the war to write a sentence grammatically or ort ogra hically cor- rect,” would it not, in this case, very com- mendable in the School Visitor to few instructions in English position, till such time as Normal School

shall hays gone into operation. I admit that

0

give them a - and dom-