Covers Prince Eéward tained Like The Dew We de Hancox, Publisher

Frank Welker

Bxecutive Editor Editor every week. day morning ‘except Sum days and holidays) at 165 Pringe Street,

Charlottetown, PEA... by Thomson Newspapers ltd. Branch offices et Summerside, Montague, Alber fon and Souris.

Represented nationally by Thomson Newspapers Advertising Services Toronto, 425- University Ave. 29-8894; Montres!, 640 Cathcart Street UNiversity 65942; Western office 1030 West Georgie Street Vancouver (MA 7037). .

Member Cansdien. Deily. Newspaper Publishers Aisociaton and The Canadian Press. The Canadian is exclusively entitied to the use for repub of all news dispatches in this paper to it of to The Associated Press or Rew and also te the local. news published here _9n_tepublic ation of special dispatches reserved. Subscription retes:

I

Hi it

z isi

‘

, gt.

mail of rural routes and areas carrier.

Island and U.K. $20.00 per elsewhere outside British Com

Ege ras

a

U.S.

t

Net over 7c per single copy. Member Audit Bureav of Circulation. PAGE 6 WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 7, 1962.

His Eighty-Eighth What was our esteemed friend— we had almost said our “guide, philosopher and friend” for many years—Dr. A.A. MacDonald, of Gouris—doing yesterday on the ov- - gasion of his 88th birthday anniver- fully told an inquisitive reporter. And since that’s been normal prac- * tice for “Doctor Gus” ever since he.

~

was able to fend for himself, we -

‘gould have spared that reporter a ’ telephone call and answered the question ourselves. ‘ ;

Dr. MacDonald commenced his” medical career sixty years ago this summer, and he has become s0 much an institution in Eastern Kings County that everyone takes ‘fei hard work for granted. His skill

and devotion are proverbial, but”)

“@ver and above these qualifications go necessary to a family doctor, ‘there is the personality of the man _ hhimself—genial, kindly, seourteous,, ~~ witty, erudite and loveable; a talent- ed musician and a master story-tell- er; solid as a rock in integrity, but _ Warm and tender in his sympathy for the distressed, and with a capas- | ity for friendship that a good fairv must have endowed him with, for he has had it all his life. - : ' It was as a member of the Leg. - felature, and later as Mr. Speaker, that we’came to know. Dr. Mac- Donald personally. We missed much by not being privileged to rank among his patients; but his politica) @areer, too, was a memorable. one, fn which his sterling qualities were acclaimed by political friend and foe alike. “Foe” is indeed too strong @ term to apply to any person who @ame within reach of Dr. MacDon- ald’s handshake. At worst he had opponents who lamented his Tory- ism, and prayed for his conversion. - But when he donned the Speaker's robes and silk hat, and ruled like

Neptune over the troubled waves of’.

atigma, and became, for every mem-

ber, the embodiment of all that is

best in our parliamentary tradition.

We had set out merely to con-

gratulate Dr. MacDonald on his an-

niversary, and got carried away.

Now we've gone too far. We wouldn't

put it past him, now, to charge us

with trying to write his obituary,

and laughing heartily ‘at our pre-

- Mature zeal in getting the job over.

That would be like the old days,

___ when he used to drop in for a

joke at The Guardian office as

often as his duties permitted. We

don’t see him now as much as we'd

like; but it’s cheering to know that

he’s in good health, still working

hard at his profession and enjoying

life as only those can who have lived

¥t worthily. A full-gun salute to him,

on. this occasion, and may his hadow never grow less!

Britain And The UN.

.. The defeat of a labor vote of @ensure on Foreign Secretary Lord Home in the British House of Com-

eral Assembly, and the dangers early bankruptcy. Too. much was at stake to do otherwise. |

There is hope for the United Na- tions only while the big powers cun- tinue to argue their differences © within the organization. At its worst, this keeps them talking when they might otherwise be reaching for their weapons. At best it creates | peaceful adjustments which are the alternatives to forcible adjustments in a world of rapid change. Nations cannot be foreed to behave as U.N. members should at all times, from the cold war point of view; but would the situation be better if every unruly land had to be oc- eupied by force? ;

Lastly, there is a basic misun- derstanding about the role of the United Nations which Mr. Macmil- lan did not deal with but which is discussed in a recent issue of the Christian Science Monitor. This misunderstanding is inherent in * the question, often voiced: “How can the U.N. hold the line against Communism, now that the neutrais control it?” The answer {s that. it is no business of the U.N.-to hold

the line against any political ag- gregation. ,

The‘ Western powers, standing in their own strength, are the guar- dians of their own safety. This Is the. ultimate right of self defense recognized in the U.N. Charter. On this: cornerstone rests the NATO. alliance, where Western arms and, policies are iftated. As for the -young and irresponsible nations, where else but in the U.N.—with all its weaknesses—can they learn to overcome irresponsibility which often is found when minor children come to age and leave their guar- dians, ready or unready, to live in ...the established world?

Milk For Pakistan

__ Of interest to our dairy farmers - is the success which has been ach- ieved in Pakistan in providing milk fér undernourished-people. This has been done by improving the herds - of the country through artificial insemination—an old techinque else- where but introduced to. Pakistan only six years ago. The progress made in these intervening years has heen_truly remarkable... =

On achieving independence, Pakistan faced a number: of prob-

¥, 2

-/ fons on Monday evening was a

lems, none more serious than the fact that it had only 5,500,000 cows and buffaloes, and needed at least 2,700,000 more if nutritional needs were to be met. There was a large annual deficit of milk. To increase the herds, however, would have re- quired huge quantities of fodder, and fodder is difficult to get in a country that has to import food just to feed its people.

At Pakistan’s request, the Unit- ed States in 1954 agreed to start a selective breeding program. The College of Animal Husbandry in | Lahore and ; partment ‘of Animal Husbandry soori: became interested in the project. Villagers, who had shown an in- itial resistance, were surprised at the results. In 1955 only seven buf- faloes and three cows were ar- tifically inseminated. In 1960, the program was used for 2,621 buf- faloes and 1,697 cows: BS

Today there are 22 selective breeding centres in_10 areas of West Pakistan, operating seven days a week, their facilities avail- able without. cost to the peasant who brings his cows and buffaloes to the centres. Local training also is given under the project to veter- inary graduates, both civilian and military, as well as to village boys. * By the end of 1960, 20 veterinary graduates and 41 non-veterinary technicians had completed their training. ;

_This is how modern techniques are helping to solve food problems . in underdeveloped countries, -The possibilities are endless, and are being expioited successfully in more ways than we realize. World tensions keep monopolizing the news reports from day to day, but in the background are these great movements for human betterment,

less spectacular but more truly noteworthy.

DON'T FLIP YouR WIG, DAD, J’ DOING IT WITH MY LITTLE HATCHET

GEORGE AND THE CHERRY TREE

The National Council of the Liberal Party met to plan its election campaign in Ottawa's Chateau Laurier Hotel last week. ’

It was one of the most disap- pointing and disappointed poli- tical rallies held here since the

astray, Baa, Baa, Baa; Gentle- men scholars out on a spree, doomed from here to eternity, | Baa, Baa, Baa.” Then they |

: OTTAWA REPORT by Patrick Nicholson etd . Liberal Political Rally Disappointing

vocational training program to | | inated

The terms of trade have been | from our dollar. But the Liberals swinging against raw materials |

correct this.

yet the Liberals refused to heed the repeated demands of the Conservative Opposition that Canadian raw materials should

‘| form of alcoholism may go on

4} lose control and develop a

chighest degree. This form of al-

The Conservatives have elim- the ruinous premium;

permitted dollar crises, so that | one winter we even could not

afford to import fresh salad. The Liberal policy? “Let them

| ait war. Four hundred delegates | increasingly be processed in Ca- at turnips,” proclaimed the | registered. But by the final day | nada by Canadians. | Liberal Finance Minister. they had run out of*steam, and | ° ae less than 50. listless Liberals ie | Et ae Hi : gathered: in the Convention Hall. | f Mi . Could b At the closing meeting,-t hey : an | ernate chanted harmoniously: “‘We are’ : - National Geographic Society little Black sheep who have gone Tf man emulates the wood- | endure tremendous doses of

chuck and hibernates, he may live 1,400 years.

But humans first must solve the mystery of true hibernation.

radiation without effect at the time, but on returning to acti- vity, they show most of the us- ual signs of radiation injury. Curled into a fyrry ball and

| that both exercise and will

heard the banner speech | Tt-is not merel 2 y a deep sleep but their leader, Hon. Lester’Pear- | state of suspended animation cold to the touch® the animals | son. And, alas for the gentlemen | that is, in effect, a vacation seem lifeless. A European dor- him | from life. all

in-its composition, so did many Canadians sitting In front of their boxes, MAJOR ISSUES SHUNNED For, of all the speeches which should have persuaded voters into a supporting mood, this was the most ‘far out". j Instead of outlining a Liberal platform, instead of explaining what a Liberal Government would attempt to achieve if elected, that speech merely taunted the present government in unsubstantiated generalities | and, in even less substantial generalities, asserted. that “Liberals are the party of econ- | omic progress’’. That speech, broadcast from coast to coast, was not good enough for a ‘country which is | today poised dangerously at the | top of a very slippery and too

* ’ Tm-— ment actions this year or last, but because of long-term world- wide developments beyond Ca- nada’s control, * and against which government precautions should have been planned five, ten and even fifteen years ago. “The election will be fought on the record of the govern- _ment,”’ declared Mr. Pearson. But that record shows that more new jobs have been creat- ed in Canada during the past four years than in any previous peacetime four-year period in| our history; and that last year Canadians earned more than _ ever before: Those are -solid praiseworthy achievements by the Diefenbaker Government. The only specific proposal made by Pearson was that “a new, Liberal Government will. start a comprehensive sys- tem of health care’. Yet the former Liberal Prime Minister, Mackenzie King, promised Ca- nadians exactle that at a Liber- al rally in Ottawa no less than 43 years ago. | GRITS SPAWNED CRISES

erals failed to notice, or at least | to act upon, between 1945 and | 1957.

Canada, undamaged by war and with an economy artificial- | ly enriched by the demands of

power which

°F°Ti 3 ih

§ z 2%

gti Hy ete z ‘ght : af Ae

i

ei : i

“Scientists see only a dim pos- | sibility of inducing true hiber- nation in man, but {ts potential | value is so promising that mahy are studying the process. Research with bats indicates, for example, that a hibernating man might live 20 normal life- times, or 1,400 years. Hibernat- ing bats apparently live 2 times longer than mammals of the same weight that remain ac- tive throughout the year:

TRIPS WHILE DORMANT Dormant humans could live through the centuries needed to make space voyages to fantas- tically distant constellations. | Their food and oxygen require. ments would be about 1-100th . that of active persons. - : Patients someday may be held in suspended animation for medical. treatment. Surgeons al-

artificial hibernation by tool- | ing and drugs, but this lethargy is less deep than natural hiber- nation. :

True hibernation profoundly | slows every measurable process | in animals. Body ‘temperature | drops dramatically, the heart beats slowly, and: breathing is reduced and irregular. |

In hibernation, a ground -isquir- rel’s heart throbs weaklythree times ‘a minute, compared to a normal 360 beats a ‘minute: a marmot takes only one shallow breath every five minutes; a bat's temperature may ap- | proach freezing.

The flame of life burns so low that a dormant. hedgehog sur- vived a 22-minute immersion in — water. Hibernating animals can

mouse was placed~in_a_ wool-lined box and shipped 140 miles through the mail without waking. One dormouse slept continuously for six months and 23 days.

But hibernators do not neces- sarily remain in a continuous torpor. Some store food in their burrows and wake periodically to eat. Others live on excess body fat and remain inactive for longer periods.

BEARS DON’T HIBERNATE

A small group of northern mammals are true hibernators, but, contrary to hundreds of cartoons, bears do not hiber- nate. They sleep deeply in the winter but without a drop in temperature or metabolic rate.

Cold-bloodéd animals, such as drogs and snakes, automati- cally become somnolent in cold weather because the. surround- ,

ing enyironment controls their |

animals must become, in ‘effect, cold-blooded in order hiber- nate. Their body heat drops as | the air gets colder. | But cold alone does not trig- ger hibernation, nor does in- creasing warmth in spring | arouse animals. Zoologists be- lieve hibernation is closely link- ed to the endocrine glands and nervous systems, but the exact cause is unknown. : Hibernation enables animals to survive long periods of cold weather and food scarcity while | safe from predators. One natur- | alist asked, ‘‘What greater boon could such creatures have than this sleep of insensibility, free from all cravings of hunger and | all danger of perishing ith cold?” }

are not’

cized by society. Drinking customs vary in dif- | ferent societies, communities, and countries. As a result, there $ species ranging from topers to drunkards. Some | are undisciplined . individuals | who drink so much their re- |

lieves their problems.

In time, this creates a drain on the family budget and leads to absenteeism from work, de- creased productivity. and often to.a nutritional deficiency. This

for 20 to 30 years unless they |

physical dependence, with be- | havior problems. The ‘majority of alcoholics remain in circula- tion, as only three per cent reach skid row. _

Those who become physically dependent on alcohol develop a greater tolerance for the drug as well as a craving, especially when liquor is withdrawn. They lose control, which impairs their interpersonal relations to the

coholism is common in tee Uni- ted States and Canada. : Other alcoholics specialize in | Periodic drinking that follows a cultural pattern. The explosive drinker often spends his pay check ina bar over the week- end. The family goes without food and the victim gets into trouble because of rowdiness or absenteeism from work, The fiesta drinker is another va- riety; his occasional drinking bout may end up in a serious (Dr. Van Dellen will answer | questions on medical topics if | stamped, self-addressed _en- | velope accompanies request.)

PATIENCE NEEDED W. S. writes: I can’t seem to

make my invalid mother

Have you any suggestions?

It is difficult to j dence in a reliable physician | who will -help settle the argu- | ment. Garlic is not the remedy | but since she is the invalid, why |

' not go along with the under-

standing that she will try your method if the paralyzed arm does not improve? | INTESTINAL CANCER R. G. writes: What are the symptoms of colon cancer? REPLY Blood in the stool and chang- | es in bowel habits, such as diar- rhea. Loss of weight, abdomin- al pain, and anemia are later

ASIAN FLU |

F. K. M. writes: Are the anti- | biotics of any value in Asian flu? +5

No, uhless

REPLY — |. complications de- |

ia rather than viruses.

CHRONIC BURPER

A bad, nervous habit, involv- ing air swallowing. : TODAY’S HEALTH HINT—

Don't trust your luck on a Patch of ice upless you are as

surefooted as a goat. |

OUR YESTERDAYS

From the: Guardian Files i

TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO |

as much as the food itself. These |

figures call for some serious study and thinking. We seem to

be reaching a ridiculous situa- |

tion. — Farmer's Advocaté.

j

PUBLIC

JAIL CONDITIONS Sir,—We feel in the interests of the Older Boys’ Parliament and our own integrity, it is our duty to reply to a letter in Mon- days Public Forum by Mr.

paud .

Mr. Myers informed the pub- lic that the accusations made in the Boys Parliament regarding the conditions of the Queens County Jail were .unfair. How- ever, the conclusions of the Boys Parliament were based on facts

comment that the Boys Parlia- ment was composed of “inno cent boys’. We would like te point out that the “boys” of the parliament range in age from fifteen to twenty-one. The pre- mier is a University student of | Prince of Wales*College, of vot- | ing age, and qualified to run for a_seat in the Provincial Legis- lature. The Minister of Physical Affairs is a nineteen-year-old

—not hearsay—which were ga university student, also at Prince

thered by their delegation. Did Mr son if they had any com- plaints? Or did he simply ask those prisoners, for whom even

the deplorable conditions of the

jail were more scrumptuous

than anything they were used to |

outside the jail.

We certainly agree that this |

is an old building—too old. ‘“‘We hope that the dark dreary con- dition of this jai] is not the com- mittee’s Idea of an institution for

“corfection’’. Is there any valid |

reason for the building to be un- clean? It would seem sensible to us that the interior should be painted in bright clean-looking

| colors, rather than the dark

shades that in themselves give the impression of dirtyness, Mr. Myers said that the jail was “reasonably clean’’ at all times. How clean does he consider “reasonably clean'’? It would

also be.interesting to have Mr.

Myers inform us of the capital expenditures paid by the com-

mittee for improvements and | -

repair on the jail in the last se- veral years.

the ‘privilege’ of visiting two Western Canadian jails. We con- sider this

“people. Perhaps she has confi- @PPears to us that this is insuf-

ficient évidence to prove that our county jail is. adaguatly. eq-

| uipped.

As for the toilet bowels, whe- ther they are so old, that they are permanently stained or whe-

ther they are dirty, they are.

still disgraceful. The argument

that the prisoners broke the toi- |

lets is also irrelevant. Our as- sertion about the parasitic in- sects remains.

The cells of Queens County | Jail which have no lights, ac- |

cording to Mr. Myers are set aside for “‘drunks’’. It appears “mittee makes an unauthorized distinction between “drunks” and other prisoners. It is obvious

that. many of the “drunks” are |

chronic alcoholics; are they re- quired to remain in these dun-

| geon-like celis for the duration

velop that are caused by bacter- | a any type of rehabilita- -

Program? . Do the ‘drunks’’ get psychia- tric or remedial treatment? In- fact, should they even be sent to an institution of this kind? Should there not be a rehabilita- tion centre within the communi- ty itself? In any event, it ap- “treatment” of-

isting for prisoners in general. | Mr. Myers said that “these | cells are not totally dark as |

light can show in from the corr ridor’’. It is questionable just how much light can enter throu- gh a solid door with a barred window approximately one square.

It_seems that there is some

actually ask the pri- |

of Wales College. We feel that young men of this age, who can | be called to defend our country, | ean recognize that the existing |. mid-Victorian penal i is

icy certainly outdated and that the.

whole issue reflects the lack of a truly Christian conscience in | the community. ; It seems that, as long as the } Older. Boys Parliament passes | resolutions of a pious nature { which have no bearing on the | problems of our country, they are hailed as fine Christian ; but when they bring forth ‘ which is a bone of con- i for those in authority are classed as “incompe- , innocent” boys. * We are, Sir, etc., ERROL SHARPE, . Premier . DON WAUGH Minister of Physical Affairs Eighth P.E.I. Older Boys Par- liament.

si

}

I

2

»

PRISONERS’ STATEMENT Sir—We, the inmates of Queens County Jail would like

marks made about the jail in Saturday’s Guardian by meme bers of the Older Boy’s Parlia- | ment.

that we asked those boys if they ever visited a jail before, and the answer was no.

Well, many of us have been in jails all across Canada, and have yet to find county jail cells equipped with chair and table, | We also wish to say that Jail- er McEachern had window pan- es replaced time and again, only to find them broken again the next morning. Young inmates are chiefly responsible for this situation.

The Older Boy’s Parliament members sharply criticized the toilet facilities in the building. We wish to state that we were present while this inspection went on and that at no time did the members enter our bath- room where those facilities are located.- 2. ©. __We noted also. that a Tawyer made.a-c

cal remar’

have been heré quite a while, and have yet to see any lawyer enter the prisoners’ quarters, namely, the cell block.

We are given orders by our chief that the floors are to be washed with lye and water, twice weekly and then disinfect- | ed with creolin. The same ap- | plies to the tdilets and wash- | rooms, except that this has to

be done daily. These orders are carried out by the ; themselves and then inspected by the jailer.

A few words can be said on the report of vermin. We readily | admit that bedbugs have been

t-various times, | We firmly believe that those un- | welcome visitors are carried in

We would like to make it plain

certain

Prison Walls And Prisoners

Ottawa Journal The figures on the number of | enough trained in selecting in-

(Feb. 7, 1937) | disagreement between the At- by the prisoners themselves

Mrs. H. S. Henderson enter- torney-General and Mr. Myers | from the outside. We have never tained at a luncheon party at | over the need for-improvements | seen vermin of any other som, the Canadian National Hotel, the-| at the jail. The Hon. Mr, .\Mc- | such as was mentioned in the guest of honor was Miss Nancy | Quaid was willing to admit that | report. We honestly believe that Reed, of Vancouver, B.C., a the conditions at the jail were | this

our allies, enjoyed a post - war |

escapes from federal peniten- |

| tiaries in the last decade show |

1951 to 71 last year. On the very |

Commons three prisoners escaped..from Joyceville, near | Kingston, as if to dramatize the |

have failed? i

The prison population in Can- ada has increased by more.

2 3 =

!

a : Ei

| i i

?

|

°F

i ua

| ;

mates for the lesser security | institutions. It is also true that

Joyceville — from which there | have now been 15 escapes since |

- “Get Canada moving,” urged | day Justice Minister Fulton put | early last Summer— was not as | Mr. Pearson. But he still ignor- the latest statistics before the | well protected as it should have es urgent factors which the Lib- |

been. A fence is now being completed around the

co

brilliant Canadian pianist who not satisfactory; Mr. Myers, on gave a delightful recital on Sat- the other hand, does not

report was greatly exagger- | ated. Thanking you, Sir, we are, Inmates of Queen’s County Jail, (25 Inmates).

was the weekend .guest of Mr. | Full.

| pre- |

i ‘ :

i i

i g

i. lf kez

Read The Label ...

3 ‘ ‘

AO OE a

| to contradict some of the re _ Mr. Myers said that he had >

about the cell block. Some of us

’