‘mBi;U,il§Y_ 12. 1938 .

NEWS Y NOTES

in aoluoou

ilklc-EsCAPI-IS "shot off in .___- s i

the appalling

,, ‘ ‘l, i. 0f 1.. iii i?‘ $1 the

Hyaclnthe,

bird of the arctlc-tundras, oni . Dearing here because of scxrgixty of food in its usual haunts. When it does a. pear it often comes in considerab numbers. It is as large as the Great Horned Owl but has Iielfiy White plumage and no ear.

ivrzrc almost useless. liow flames shooting ivindows made the iiIC-flvflpe imapssible fest of the boys, and

hccume red hot, so

inf ilic - m“ who iisrci it were sever-

lilf-éufllflill" i- tum ii h ~-~ l t th Th. s h Th‘, “was iii,,.s tia e ‘e no astro fill-cheap. prlcflw, 1‘ fipfl ls not the lad- élbl; of léiilll rattler arge game, gar-ilk." .u c so often seen, tile as d ducks, and (in Mon- bu, u covczed cnute. down ‘i one}; prairie ch1¢kqgn5_ “w, W» ould slide swiftly to 0 er Owls, common to both “my, "Ull[)?l' clltranci-s to such hreas, are they Great Grey (N0 lhoiilil be through the 370) the Richardson's (No. 3'11), vziy from windows, . the Saw-what or Acadian 1m;

372i. the Barred (No. 368) and the

hcu‘d be both fire Hawk Owl (No.-3'l7a): but all are

Some schools and

lzl Canada have al- rare in Montreal and l1 b liiiPLi such CilitlLPS, Gre e031: i-t! Worsted.“ m the iltc mipcr ance - . . ea ma on. 1' ill for safety is the le__ dealt with in this sgrlgs base ‘Li? m or __ l" fire. Will it ever beifhown to be beneficial: and even lirnieil? a rather pessimistic he offenders may be beneficial to

some extent. "Bounties on harm- iul 511d? may do more harm than tgmduto agriculture or game in. s un we earn to dlsti sDecies." says the “gum cular. and his is in accqm with my own experience.

THE BORSTAL SYSTEM

inlhthalsmlfugr

0O " or Jan. i938. there is “Bxbrstlgunllliiyttiltili onmabticleliforti? the Camp, Lincolnshire, The Sea‘

wnCill-Siufl to a piece of good ad-

rice!

A 5|-jQl'l-Il. OF FLODDEN FIELD

lhc by-paths of revealed many

uodiued in his nevertheless have iinan interest. The -, a pleasure in these =, and sometimes we

- sake of the gos- fou. or five years ublication of the an account of for my readers.

The Borstal System is a step in rehabilitation of first offenders a-

iill, and

" silrrcy, conveyed the to H1‘l‘\ViI‘k where it and enclosed in lead; ds it secretly Pilfiit‘. from which iililii fl with him to .l him-ed it. in the mon- ncnr Richmond. i . c1. viii. the clcsc of ~f Fliidricn Field.

ii ifiil nilliquary. John, ‘i n ilic story, writing is that thc hcad of

ih Kink of Scotsi

hurlci .n thc ('i‘llll‘f‘i‘l in Wiioii Strict. in

The age of the inmates of North

we might

H1811. a male ballet sometimes there are young married

land, with very many from be- tween the two places. They have foluid their way to N. S. Camp as

ingrained criminal tendencies. When a ind (after being sentenc- ed) enters the camp he is placed 1n i119 Bvsinners Grade: after three , (probably a- months he acquired by '. Liikc of Suffolk, who iil“l‘(‘. Stow had seen . lioily. lapped closely in ~ ti) the head and body" » ii. ly-iilg in a "waste

six mifiii-iii Fiilfliiy he enters the Leavers Grade, where he is allow. ed certain privileges and. is con. sidered to be capable to steering the course of his own life after a further three lnon

\‘,' 'i pleasure," hewed off iiPlTiI and one Lancelot ltl the position of . 1-» Queen Elizabeth, .i-i savor to conic from ll seeing the sami- uicisturc. and yet nfn". with tlic hair lri thc beard Nd." ~ (of iii‘. hcii=c in Wood

around. The tories,

not cells; lows have given

sexton of St. ~ "i ii'il'_\‘ it in the church, ii‘ i i_v outward monu- iirit l.".‘d what be- I~~ IrWv cf the ill-fated i» ' ii ' likely that .i'll>"(‘<i ,it of the lead, .. it to the, cltarlicl- "illt! near-by church,

themselves. But

adjoining the Wash. After

if BIONTANA BIRDS

" cared Owl, (No. 366) "inn bird, was listed as IKE I- in 1916. It is a. 111:‘: Owl. measuring lvrllcs in length. “Its gen- coini‘. size. and the two lull: of feathers (ears)

crafts are voluntary teachers

drawing, etc. A

and i' is a smaller bird. or-schemes.

Iiiilleiiu on our Island

iii“ i>'\i l< n flight feeder. and

i-liont this bird, b, l‘ ilrl-cnred Owl (No. 367) .lii\l..il‘l' moderately large species,

gramophone

likely to be contained mice, m, - small animals; ma '(‘iilf‘l" the birds “justl- h F“ i; PXiW/PHCQ. ‘The Short-ear Flinn," ‘rc protected in Montana, ,' l - is iemarked that "its iiciiiing marshes rend-

my. vulnerable to at-

' ‘ill ti-rs.

iwiud bulletin of i916 list- “d as not uncommon at therc are no later refer-

ing to watch its

practice of herding first offend ers into

law-breakers was a terribly mis

a school the newcomer completed his edu

tem gives "the

iii":

Iili'r<_

Th, c and to become a useful citizen. m, k till-pit llorneil Owl (No. m, Tin“, l1 largest of our horned hnflh "f, ‘flue nearlv two feet in

- ii is unmistakeabie in circular, Montana. to remit that mmt. liil owls have been

______.___._.___ allele-Miller seasonal chart! are fox rancher being the result scientific releareh Write for one iotllir- ~ Biseult Company once. Onia o.

mistake for the hQr-n.

DWB- ‘In the present state o! w‘ Knowledge. we are justified in controlling this bird near Chick-

Montana cir-

magazine, "Music

British Home Office has pennjtted the article, which here transcribed in short form

Prison reform which aims at the

Eliillfit the law. instead of con- ceilifa-iifl! on their punishment.

Sea Camp varies from seventeen to twenty-mill‘; ind the lads are of a wide and mixed range of typgg, 5,5 expect. There are a sollcitor's clerk, seamen, a peg-g. dancer, and

men: these come from the Chall- "ei I-iilllldfi. and these from Scot-

the result of lapses rather than of

advanced to the Trliniil! Grade, where he remains

‘is.

Anything less 11D a prison, we read, it would be Ulfflfiuit to 1m- agine: there are no high walls, the grounds stretch out to the country lads sleep in dormi- there are few locks and keys. for the young fel- their words of r nor not to attempt a getaway. m" to let down the good name of the Camp. There are none of the regulation “warders," but there are ironic-masters. young men, chiefly from the Universities, and chosen by reason of their personality, high character, and ideas. The house- masters live, cat, and sleep under the same conditions as the lads

there is no redemption without sacrifice. and the lads pay their debt to society by working at the reclamation of the marshlaind he day's work on the marsh. the ev- effing: are taken up with classes in various subjects: biology, social history, economics. and music: lads who show interest in art or handl- lnstructcd by special in metal-work. water-color painting, architcctural drama class has

~c from the forehead already produced “Journey's En " "-'.iii‘~'il it from its rela- and "Macbeth." rnlnr pattern l; differ-i There is a brief description of ""- 'i'"'.l that, of the. Great Horn- the rooms. with their modern col-

The class-rooms have light primrose walls with blue or flame borders: the gymnasium has mural decorations on athletic sub-

The remainder of the article is taken up with an account of the

introduced into Can- ada; and if so, it will be interest- rogrezs under such different con tions. The old

amongst hardened

under such circumstances where

in crime. The Borstal Sys- first offender a chance to regain his self-respect

feeding

a reliable nlde w "a;

cxpcrl cc. u“ ~RMMUHEI€T . Limited. Na?-

Entymology

THE ZEBRA CATERPILLAR

A yellow and black stripped caterpillar ha; M, times done ifinsiderable damage in part3 o: “e1 Maritlmes, stflpp whole

eds of turnips of the leaves and “i?” 19841118 on potatoes, beets

tinged! _j__ its d _ en “as r mangels, beans p"; and even .__ ill iii-u .s prn some e y n , game arms, and like h i ' _ .1, lliaiie not read else- places. As there is definite proof i,,§..‘1"',§°k;3§n°‘“°§hl>1*g"-g-_ m“ which are of the great- that it eats large nmnbi-rs o; 0mm“ n is i“ ‘O31 e i" W»-

itller institutions. harmful rodents ft should Mt be only fr] i‘ P" ° Deit Bud

; "ft. i; stated shot when found at a distance n a e y ociiur“ im destwcme

cape and '11s pole from these localities. Thar?" t m“ kw" had bee“ The Emmy owl (N°- 376) i5 a zebra cateipiiigrgegreileatlfoeggiglg“if?

ii"! early part of the summe , the other in the late summer and fall, the second generation being more destructive than the first. There.

oration individuals are seen, far-‘ mers should prepare themselves. for the more serious depredatlons

o the second generation which is

sure to follow. The eggs are laid

in flat masses on the leaves of

VBYiW-i Plants. those of the first generation hatching early July

and those of the second in August: Tiles larvae of the first generation

e for about six weeks, then en-

ter the ground to become pupae, Temllihillk there for two or three Weeks. when they emerge to lay 912s for the second generation. Individuals of the second genera-

ii°n mill! be found feeding from iii-it? Allkust up until freezing weather, the winter being passed

in the pupal state.

A YflDid and effective method of coFiimiiinB i-he Pest is by dusting Wliiii Dowoered arsenlcals, e.g., arsenate of lime, arsenate of lead or with Paris Green diluted with Bight to ten parts of hydrated lime °i‘ Wltil Poisoned Borcieau dust ap- piled iiberiliiy to the leaves. when (tihey are wet with dew. This is

0118 iIJY means of a duster, or, on a sma i scale, through coarse sack.

d. 1f liquid spraying is pragtis- leeaitfiiie fr" tWO pounds of arsenate

m bus orty gallons of water, to W 0 added four pounds of soap shaved fine and dissolved in hot kwater is effective. In all cases,

owever, the material must be ap- plied soon after the insects hatch i0 Ki" Perfct satisfaction since tléieklllalrge caterpillars are difficult

FLEA-BEETLES

Gudeil CPODS are commonly at- ioaffiked by several different. kinds b “small dark-colored jumping clef tes called flea beetles" that tfic llny ciicilial" holes Oi‘ pits in h_ eaies. ‘lu scvcre cases such

‘Jcillfg may lcsiilt in the withering itlll _ oath of the leaves and some- inles lhc_ciltu"e plant. lll most "1595 seedling plants newly cmcrg- ad {i-(lgnhfilf! ground or transplants

lu hive been ncwly set out are most MliJjUCL to attack. since most of those bcctlcs winter ovcr in thc {Rdlfilt state and are ready to at. he the plants as soon as they 3913081‘ in the - Spring. Though there are many kinds of flea beet; ifs ltlilfll! have a similar life history, S m ar habits, and are controlled in a similar manner. Hence two BXR-mbies will be sufficient.

Potato Flea-Beetle. This ‘pest, i5 Y. small beetle about 1-14 inches Orig, black in color, with “feel- izarrg and legs brownish yellow, f e over-wintering beetles are mind Bally in spring feeding on certain weeds and on the leaves of "Ppie. maple and other trees. Their faviiriii? i°0d plants are potato and tomato and other plants Q1 the sanle family, but they also freely attack many other plants inclucl. ing cabbage and turnip seedlings, cucumbers and related plants, CBiBYY. beet. etfl. as soon as they “Dim”- Thel’ eat tiny round holes in the upper or lower surface of the leaf. so that when sufficiently numerous the leaf will be riddled with holes and almost skeletoniz- ed. Such severe attacks cause the yellowing, browning and finally thc death of the leaf. Besides the direct injury that this does to the nlant in reducing the leaf area. and hence the size of the resulting CIOD. the punctures of the insect favor the entrance of the early blight fungus. Their injury lS usually most pronounced in dry seasons. _

Ti" bBBi-ies appear at first in large numbers. feed voraclously for a. time lay their eggs the“ dis- appear. The tiny white e888 are deposited in the soil around the Vilmt dlifillil the latter part, of June and early in July and from them hatch the grubs which feed upon the underground parts of the plant. These small grubs, by their feeding on thc tubers cause 5° Clliied "Dimply potatoes". 'I'lie beetles of the new generation be-

iii- ' hirti - , e it" 1c “ stomachs’ eiiiiiiinllxdlsby illitsininuatbvlsm htl-lielrzfrfeexllvgefiddthse “in i” “Due” “m” ‘he middic of S.1i.. 84 con- light cheerful atmosphere roduces agaangligntznd it is ibis Reileiaiilih i5 contained small a correspcndin spirit in e lads‘ sheltered ma” "lid" rubbish i" '\“d a quail. 5 con- work. The musc room has pictures The saiufiedimsb bh Fl l: other than ro - of composers, and of orchestral Beetles n}; h i‘ “lekl e" =ncii insects. and 15 instruments. on the walls; and is fie he'd, u“ lfev?“ "d5 °i ill Mnlliflflil. u is iin- fitted with an excellent radio- ,n,,“,urn“§§ mil cgbbgggsd ‘tllixilgclg

the most common species. The adult is about l-2 inch in length and each black wing ccvcr ls mark-

lfore when a few of the first gen- I

THE CHARLU'I"I'E'I‘UW§ GUARDIAN ‘

CONSER

A WEEKLY COLUMN OF PRACTICAL OPINIONS 0N TIII VITAL ISSUES AFFECTING THE USES AND ABUBIS 0P

SPARROW HAWK IS SMALLEST

(Continued)

The marsh hawk is the largest fellow with the white patch the size of the palm of ones hand on its rump, which wings its way slowly back and forth low over extensive fields. The sparrow heiwk is the smallest of our hawks. Its call, "a rather high, quickly re- peated kllly-killy-killy-killy" (Chap- man), and its habits of remaining poised in the air on hovering wings should easily distinguish it from the male sharp-shlnned hawk and the pigeon hawk, birds of about the same size. The sparrow hawk is one of our most bene- ficial birds and is a real friend of thefarmer. As a boy on the farm, I had a. pair of sparrow hawks to nest year after year in boxes put up for their use. An excellent opportunity to observe their habits. Hawks rarely harm quail or other game birds to any appreciable extent. Please do not misunderstand me. I have not said "never catch quail." They do try to catch quail and occasionally succeed, but because they are not naturally adapted to this form oi hunting, they do not get many un- til the quail have been weakened by disease, injury, insufficient food,

,etc.‘ Many practical game mail-

VA TI ON

NATURAL RESOURCES BY KB. LUDLOW JENKINS.

MARSIIFIELD.

The exact status of the marsh hawk in Virginia is not known, but with the above information in mind the practical game manager will give the bird tllc benefit. of the doubt until the facts are known.

What do stomach analyses show? It has been over 40 ‘years since Dr. A. K. Fisher of the Biological Survey published the results of his monumental work on the f habits of hawks. Nearly 2,500 stomachs of the beneficial species were examined, and Dr. Fisher found that 65 per cent contained mice, 27 per cent contained insects and only 3.5 per cent contained poultry or game birds. Dr. Fisher concludes his report with these words:

"Tile relentless persecution of, our birds of prey is not only un-i just. but is extremely prejudicial‘ to the interests of the farmer“ orchardist and sportsman. With‘ the exception Qt four species we, may say that apaclous birds are!

among the most, if not the most} valuable. birds that wage war: against the foes of the itgriclll»! turist” i

Other trained investigators not‘ content with Dr. Fisher's findings have examined thousands of hawks and owl stomachs taken from every section of the coun- try and in every month of the year. More than 5.000 stomachs

agers, including Stoddard, Erring-

moval of diseased or sick birds from a covey is beneficial; it would be considered so were we dealing with poultry.

BOUNTY SYSTEM CONDEMNED

Because of its inability to catch quail with any ease, it is not an uncommon‘ filing to flush a red- taiied or a red-shouldered hawk and find a covey of quail in the vicinity. While these hawks wait and watch and hope, the coopers hawk darts in. catches its quarry. and is seldom seen. Later, a hunter or farmer. upon finding a ipiie of quail feathers, swears ven- ‘zeniicc on the hawk ihzit hc saw

llcrcllcd in thc ircc top, not ub- l~t‘l‘\'ill_'l that iliis particular hawk ‘fcii on |n.~:e and insect-s. and not ‘ion quail. He forthwith unites thus jiind so to file editor of Gun and

i Rod. who zoos int-o sillasms bcciiiusc '

thc officials of the Gallic Coili- mission do not lend ll. kindly cal‘ to his "zliscovci'_v"' and support. the quack rcmcciy—ai nefarious bounty systcnv-that has been given a fair trial in Virginia and other states and found wanting.

The marsh hawk probably kills more quail than any of the other beneficial hawks mentioned. Ai- though recent investigations have shown that he is not as bad as formerly pictured, in any case his score as compared with that of the coopers hawk is negligible. To offset tne damage clone to hunt- ing and agricultural interests, for every quail he eats, the marsh hawk kills hundreds of crop-des- troying grasshoppers, rats and

, mice. Field rats and mice, in ad- dition to fhc damage done to crop, stored grains and growing trees, destroy quail were found in 1,098 pellets of the marsh hawk. while 9'35 of the pellets contain- ed remains of cotton rats. Stod- dard says that this hawk is prob- ably the best benefactor that quail has in the area under considera- _tlon_ (the Southeastern p States).

the young turnip or cabbage short- ly after it comes up, eating pits in the leaves and often killing the plants. Ill addition to cabbage and turnips they are common on other cultivated and uncultivated plants of the mustard family and have even been reported from such unre ted plants as tomato and

straw rry. Early sown plants are most subject to injury and late serious in the roots, eating off the smaller ones

plantings usually escape injury. The grubs feed

an: tunnelling the large ones.

ll species of flea-beetles are

resistant to poison and all are re-

pelled by Bordeaux mixture. The potatoes

i thorough spraying of with this mixture. as is ordinarly

i done for blight, will usually pre-

vent them from doing inuch daili- mage. On turnip and cabbage seedlings growing in the open care- ful dusting with a. dust contain- ing 15 per cent of arsenate of lead or equivalent poison. using slaked lime as n diluent has given good coiltrcl. The material is preferably applied in the morning when the ail" is still and the plants wet with dcw. Cabbage plants in thc seed bed arc sometimes effectively protected by the use of cheese cloth screens. AGRICULTURIST

ha. i- r ; ~ . ,

iii" ‘iiililzi(iii-‘iiiiiifliftgrirfiiid 0:12? ibmggui-ecfiteget Sets-Bethe rfiufffenolvfif "d Wm‘ a "B" Yeiimvish ii"°~ Li“

short 3-», mcpwbycuou, em and 8.0mm}, the, 3m" and med not the potato flea-beetle this insect

M» lynnhflnq in 'the'day- be dealt; with a; ‘present R w“ winters as an adult and attacks

l, l imnrntc thc two species. going the rounds of the press last -"* - w-"ww ' ti" meat Alumni of the year that the Borstal system was

10 Sask Robes

zsyt/oyiiliscount .

5 Beaver Coats

LIME

NUYiY all Ground Limestone used on Island iilims has been shipped from Brookville. You have seen the results.

iiikilest quality. Most finely pulverized Bulk or bags. Write for prices.

Brookvillo Manufacturing 0o. Ltd,-

Brookviile, Saint John Co., NB. H. G. S. ADAMS, Manager

25% Discount

100 Horse Rugs

25% Discount

l “Fleury" Root Cutter List Price $26.00 Special