PAGE FOUR iii: oiinnioiierowii ouiiiioinii

Morning Dally (rounded in 1887)

Author‘ -‘ u Second Class Mall. Poll Office Department. Ottawa. Prelldcut. Ian A. Burnett; Vlce-h-exldent. Wm. I. Burnett; Sonya-Trans. G. M. Burnett; Editor and Managing Director, J. R. Burnett; Associate Editor. Frank Walker.

“The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest Ink."

FRIDAY, JAZYUARY 31, 1947

Tke Hudson Bay Route

The prospect of shipping western lead grains to this Province by way of the Hudson Bay route from Port Churchill, discussed by Mr. H. K. S. Hamming in a letter in the Public Forum on January 15, has caused a good deal ofvinterest. As noted previously, the fact that ships can leave Churchill as late q; November l5, thus permitting six return trips from Chur- Chill to Charlottetown each autumn, is a mat- ter of prime importance. Mr. Hemming at the time of writing was not able ‘to obtain all the cost figures, which also are o vital factor; but it is llOpld that these will be disclosed without delay. in the meantime, something about the y» Hudson Bay route, from reports submitted at the last annual convention of the Hudson Bay Route Association, may here be noted,

Agitation for the Hudson Bay route n5 q moons of direct transportation to the United Kingdom started back in 1877. The first chor- ter to build a railway to the Boy was granted in_l880, but it took fifty-one years before the railway was built and the seaport established. Then came drought to the West, and world- wide depression. "N t very much happened with our new route,’ President Streeton con- cedos, "but we did send out twenty million bus- hels of wheat and nearly 1,000 head of cattle. We imported a few thousand tons of general cargo at a great saving in costs of shipment, thus proving beyond a doubt the feasibility of this new route. But then come World Wcr ll and the port was closed except for military use."

The port was re-opened for civilian traf- fic in June, 1945, but considerable difficulty has been encountered in making it available. lt was to combat this opposition that the Hudson Boy Route Association was formed.

In a report to the directors and membe s of this organization dated last September, the secretary writes that he discussed at Churchill plans for larger groin shipments this year with many people experienced in the handling of grain. "We arrived at the conclusion," he says, "that either the Western Governemnts or the Saskatchewan Wheat Pool should immediately acquire control of the elevator at Churchill and the internal elevator at Saskatoon. The capa- city of these two elevators is 7,500,000 bushels and they should be filled up from the 1946 crops. Much of the groin from Northern Sask- atchewan farms could be shipped immediately direct from local elevators and more ships can be obtained from overseas. As soon as naviga- tion opens next year providing the elevators re- ferred to were filled, 3S ships which should be contracted for in April or May could enter tho harbour at Churchill and carry on continued op- erations throughout the season. Each ship is capable of loading on average of 300,000 bus- hels and a conservative estimate is that we could move 30 million bushels through the porl next year."

As Mr. Hamming pointed out in his letter, to date all grain shipments from Churchill have gone to Liverpool, a distance of 3,000 miles. The distance from Churchill to Charlottetown via Hudson Strait and the Labrador Coast is only 1,500 miles. This is a tremendous advant- age, if it can be utilized for the benefit of our farm producers in coniunction with a storage elevator here. it is up to our Federal repre- sentatives as soon as possible after Parliament gets down to business; to make very thorough inquiries into this matter.

Wild ‘Ducks In Winter

The ducks and geese of North America are now being subiected to an annual inventory covering Canada, Alaska, United States, Mex- ico ond Control America. More than 1,000 ob- servers have co-operdted under the auspicesof Federal, provincial and state governments in making this inventory between January 7 and 17, when the water-fowl are relatively stationary an their wintering grounds. ln some areas, air- planes have been uscd for observational purposes and aerial photography has been tried.

information will be checked by further ob- lorvotions on migration and nesting in Spring and early Summer before the changes to be made in the regulations governing the hunting of water-fowl are decided on.

One of the first reports to be received in connection with this inventory in Canada comes from th-a St. Lawrence River between Prescott and Cornwall, where nearly 1,900 wintering ducks were found on January 8 by observers. lt - is not considered unusual for many hundreds of

ducks to winter in the swift, open water of this part of the St. Lawrence; in fact, local reports received indicate that the number of these birds in this area this Winter is less than usual. Ducks winter on similar rapid, open water In many parts of Canada, in spite of uCCtlSl0ll01 oir temperatures for below zero, because, strange o: it may seem, they are protected from cold by tho ice-water in which they live. The temperature of this fresh water is not less than 32 degrees, as long as it does not become ice, land thoroforrit is frequently much warmer than cold Winter air. The wintering ducli_s are Jvell protected by their fat and by'their plum- gt, with the air that is enveloped in it, so that they. have no difficulty in keeping warm and healthy in a medium no colder than 32 do- grew

Cf celnc thiy must have plenty of suit- ' fepd to enable them to maintain their , ilfll, but my iviiitororily where that feed ‘ , i y.“ M and, strangely enough, e great

deal of their food throughout the Winter con- sists of insects. One is not accustomed to find- ing many insects out-of-doors in Canada in Winter, but these ducks find them because they look for them in suitable places, that is, on the bottom of comparatively shallow water in the open areas where they are wintering. The larvae of such insects as coddis-flies and dragon- flies are to be found there in great quantities, and these insect forms, together with crayfish, are the principal winter reliance of the major- ity of the ducks found at this season on open areas of Canadian streams.

— EDIIURIAL NUIIIS a

Zero hour in coal situation. i i’ i i

Exception is being taken by farmers to direction of farm organizations by of- ficials in Ottawa. It was ever thus: beginning in a democracy and ending through negligence in an autocracy. Eternal vigilance is the price of safety.

n-xnx

The question of continuing Government control on life's essentials, food, clothing and rentals will provide the main subject for dis- cussion when the debate on the address opens on Monday. Associated with this will be the terms on which Canada can provide the Mother Country with much needed supplies of food- stuffs. Hcre the opportunity offers to get a market for our surplus potato crop instead of dumping it, as Washington decided to do.

The Federal Government is in a dilemma over what to do with Dr. David Shugar, former Health Department physcist who was acquitted on o spy probe charge. He has applied for re- instatement, but the powers-that-be seem r-e- luctant to acquiesce, claiming that as his ap- pointment during the war was only temporary he has no right to be re-employed. But the United Electrical Workers think differently, and have approached the C. C. F. to bring the mat- ter before the House. _

‘A

e

wow

"Admiral" William Duff, Senator, is once more off to the battle front at Ottawa, where he intends entering action forthwith in the in- terests of the fishing industry. He intends to call for an international agreement including Canada, the United States and European coun- tries for the conservation of fisheries along the Atlantic seaboard. Senator Duff said in an interview that beam trawl-sis and draggers, op- erating unrestricted on Nova Scotia's fishing grounds, were "ruining the fishing industry" and that it's "only salvation is to return to the dory

schooner."

near

Ben Jonson, English dramatist and poet, born this date 1573; began life as o brick- layer and, after a most brilliant career in liter- ature and drama, died in poverty due to killing o fellow actor in a duel, for which he was brand- cd and deprived of all his estate, being left penniless in o poor state of health. His tomb in Westminster Abbey bears the inscription "O Rare Ben Jonson." He wrote extensively, much in collaboration with Inigo Jones, his master-

‘piece being The Alchemist in which Sir Epicure

Mammon is a gem of character portroyal—the situations are good, the story absolutely coher- ent, the minor parts worked out admirably. As a sang writer, he is best known for his "Drink To Me Only With Thine Eyes": "True happiness does not consist in the multitude of friends, but in the worth and choice." ' l’ it i Q

The enterprising employees of the E. B. Eddy plant at Hull, Que, who utilize thcir posi- tions to redeem used food ration coupons and sell them to their friends, are still appearing before the courts to answer for their block market activities. The plant superintendent, described as the "king-pin" of the operations, has been fined $800, while three women have been fined $350, and $150 each respectively. Six others have been granted a week's delay. Cpl. R. W. James, who with other R. C. M. P. officers investigated the disappearance of coupons from the Eddy plant vats where they had been sent for processing into other paper products, des- cribed how one accused had obtained food cou- pons from the pulping machine and later sold them for $12. fi

Lord MocMillon, wiio was a personal friend of the late Hon. and Mrs. J. A. Mathieson, and whose guest they were when they visited England, has resigned his offic-c of Lord of Ap- peal in Ordinary. The King has approved the appointment of Lord Normand as a Lord of Ap- pcol in Ordinary in succc-ssiop. Lord Macmil- Ian, son of a Scottish Presbyterian minister, was coiled to the Scottish Bar in i897. He afterwards went to London and practised at the Parliamentary lar until he was made a Lord of Appeal in Ordinary. Lord Macmillan, who is in his 74th year, told a reporter that he was not retiring for health reasons. "l have com- pleted my full l5 years service," he said, "and 50 years at the Bar." He added that he would remain a Lord of Appeal, and his services could be used from time to time if called on.

w

I U I 5

The west is rallying to the support of the East in connection with feed shipments. The Winnipeg Tribune said Eastern Canada's entire livestock and dairy production programs are in imminent danger of collapse due to lack of Western Canadian feed grains. A virtual em- bargo against shipment of Western feeds to Eastern Canada hos existed on all railroads throughout the present crop year which began August 1, the paper added. Last weck, the Canadian Notional Railways clamped a rigid embargo on feed groin movement east in order to turn all roilwoy equipment to movement of food grains to Atlantic and Pacific ports for export to Europe. The East had been import- ing between 140,000,000 and 180,000,000 bushels of food,‘ wheat, oats, barley, low-grade rye, screenings and mill-feeds from Western Con- odo each year. The Tribune said o telegram from J. F. Davidson, feeds administrato- for Canada, to Winnipeg, reported that feed reserve stocks in Eastern Canada were "practically all

used up."

'l‘HE- CHARLOTTETOWN ouanpuuv

ilotes By The Way

As in other Winters. children are still losing their lives as a result of fires which break out in ilie absence of their parents. The law should have something to say about that. —-Brcckvllle Recorder and Times.

The 500d catalogues an; coming in again. They are always welcomed as a, PIOHllSC that. spring will be along in due time, The seed com- panies. incidentally. do more than sell seeds. In producing seed, by themselves. or with this assistance of selected growers, they do much to improve varieties of fruits. flowers and vegetables and to find (he kinds best suited to the climates and general conditions at ien-llories in which they sell.—Pori. Arthur News-Chronicle.

The conventional method o! freezing ice is slow and expensive because of the extremely low heat conductivity of both water and ice. Now a machine has been developed that. will freeze ice more than 100 times faster than present. convent- ‘llnal methods. The Rotation Mag- azine reports. A thin layer of ice is formed over a revolving core or ;drum and is conlinously scraped yoff. The ice may be used in flake form or by simple pressure. molded inlo iCe cubes or cakes of any de- sired size.

Incidentally, Canadians must be about rho worst letter '.\'1‘l1€l'5 in the svorld. thinks The Ottawa Journal. Immediately we take pen in hand l0 drop a note to a friend (cur business letters are unmea- tiauable) we become slillerl. fall into stumbling. bumbling words. for- get that a good letter should be simply good talk. Above all, a good

letter should be clear, precise. simple. IP69 from pomposliy and attempts at fine svrlting. and

sincere. Indeed, if a letter ls sincere with its author speaking the truth a; lie sees it in a good-mannered. civilized way. it can't be other than good. Jolm Bright set. o. good ex- ample in (his-in both sincerlw and l'0llllSm~'.\'l\Cll. concluding a niissive la n man he distrusted. lie wrote: "Yours with whatever resprct is due to you. John Bright."

Almost all our thinking about. illlllllfll'?llliiit (altos; ii for grained iliai Britain is a dependable source of new (lllilC-llb. Even those iii the i highest. official positions are ap-l pareutly proceeding on the theory iliai this reservoir may be tapped at any time we get around to using ‘it. A new aspect is revealed with word from tho Old Land that Britain is herself out after im- ‘migration. This is understandable. lwilh the need (here for rebuild- ‘ind industry; but it l; a reversal lot usual procedure that comes as ‘something cl a shock. This trend lmtlfil be taken into consideration hcrc. aurl it should spur Canada to action in evolving an liumi- glzition policy. If we delay loo long. we may find the United Kingdom actually reaching out to this country for settlers-Wind- sur Sinr.

Tlie Forty Plus urganilaiion which in the years before the war. was actively engaged in finding employment for men who had al- iiiined ilio age of 40 or more. re- ports that ilie demand for lis serv- ices is again risiiigDuring the ixar years. when the demand for work-

;mn-nure commercial fertilizers are

~ PUBLIC FORU M

This column l; bu“ go tho dluulalon by gnu-g- lpoudouta of quojtlon] q] interest. The Charlottetown Guardian doeo not nocoalur- lly endorlo the opinion o! carrelpondonta. wrezuauws-un-uruxmm GBOWING PICKLING CUCUMBEBS _..__.

Slf.-—'C0l‘lSld€rIblO interest i; now belng taken ln the production o1 cucumbers for plikllng pufpoggs in this Province. Th1; trim-est ha, been simulated by um lgnowlgdgg that o. ready market. now exists for such crops at guaranteed prices. The profits from this type or m- l8fpYlS9 depend; mprg on [he v01- ume of fruits marketed, within cer- (Bln size limits. than 0n total tor.- lmge- Premlum M1645 are paid for fllwnlbcra in 111g smaller sizes While large Cml-lmbfi". approaching mfllillflll’. are in small demand and are paid for at low prices. To be profitable to both the cqynpany contracting and tho grower use bulk of the fruits harvested must tlYerfl/so well below two lriclies in diameter. The crop, while not dig. ficuli to handle. does require a wn-‘ldthuiblo amount of 11132011;- for harvesting. This, for most fismers. would seem to be thg limiting fac- ior in determining this are; to Dlflllt. The cmp is Harvested over a Period of some seven or eigm weeks and requires at least two pickers l° llalldle ‘he 6WD from one acre.

since lame 5076588.! of cucum- bE-N 1°!‘ PlClKllIIB Purposes are not. Fonlmfffllv blamed in this pfCV- LlIPB, little is know regarding prob- ablcjlflds or profits. In other provinces, particularly in Ontario, yields 0f from three lo five tons per acre are wmmon and returns in excxss of two hilndred dollars an acre are possible.

The land for cucumbers should be fertile and well drained. Cu- cumber plants are heavy feeders M"! require PlBnty 0i’ barnyard manure for best production. When manure la not plentiful it l; cust- omary to place the available sup- Ply in YUITOWs Where it ls covered and mixed with the soil. Manure Dlfivod iu such n way should be Well COmP-scted to prevent drying out. For furrow applications, use only well roiled short manure. Tb supplement the available supply of

v-“sd- Ariivimis or from 50o lbs. w 1800 lbs- o: 1-. 5-10-10 Ol‘ a 4-8-10 @811 be used profitably. the amount i0 use depending on the fertility of the soil and the amount or manure on hnnd. Heavy concentrations of commercial fertilizers near the rows may injure the tender seedlings and should be avoided.

Seeding should be delayed until ilie Ground i; warm and frimblg The usual time for sowing. depend- "lf; 0n ilie season. would be from June 1st to June 15th. The rows are usually made from six to sevgn {get apart and the Plants in the mvrs thinned to eighteen inches apart. When sowing bv hand, place fqur or five seeds at iniervals at ciglii- con inches apart. ‘The plants are inter thinned to 011a or two per hill. The seed ls best. covered to a depth of about one-half inch. The amount. of seed to use depends somewhat on (he method of seed-

Whilehalb Notebook .By Stiulrt Undqhllli (Canadian Pree- Staff Writer)

Home Secretary Chutes‘ Ede. the‘ calmest man in the Commons ~- who can soothe Labor members anx- ious about Flsclpts and Conserva-

orrle bout Communists- lsivbailistvddlan (bfathot precious Jewel. By " “V” nwln‘ British citizenship. . 0"" "Wm "Mi ' ' '

Llke all who have gone before him, Ede does nothing to cheapeu it. For .the ordinary alien, British nationality is not easily Obi-lined. He must resldg in the United King- dom for at least five years before

THE SILENT LAND

Waking one morning In n pleasant lard.

whence flow ye. waters. O'er your golden sand? We come flowing

From the Silent. Land.

n

‘Whither flow ye, waters.

he makes application and then . every reference he provides ls a," your ‘linden “and? checked. ' e so "mung

In the end he is‘ visited by al To "he Sller" Land‘

special branch officer from the homel , office who makes a final review of, Qlldmvilgagtisoltg; fuilgdleum’ all the information assembled -— I gum a? darkness

some of which might surprise the on! m 88.15am Land applicant in its completeness. l e '

If the application ls approved by’ ~James Thomson. high authority, the word is sent by post, with the request for $36 for o. naturalization certificate, this o-o-o-vo-oooomo-o-oo-ooo-oo-o-ooa

being added to the s: plld at time cud Charlouelown i

of application.

When ho receivs the certificate (And PJIJ.) the alien hustles around to a corn- z " ' a misslcncr of oaths where it ls sign-Y NIW PERTH IIPIXHIINI ed and infested for 3 fee of 2s ea.‘ SOCITEY Then the alien is a. British citizen, A pioneer organization in its

field in Prince Edward lslad was iihe "Mutual Improvement Associa-

wltii all the rights and respnng-f. bilities thereof. l

‘ - 'tion" formed at New Perth, Sept. Alltarcpc.a', , , ‘r28, 1859. with the following staff's)! Britain s Positions lofflcers: President. John Hamilton; senior vice president, John Mc-

Millan; junior vice president,

(Untied Kingdom Information Office) James McDonald; secretary. Duncan - A. W. Kennedy; treasurer. James In view of the prasent public in- E. Robertson; assistant secretary. (crest ln Antarctic exploration and, Peter Macbaren. Others prominent as it; accompaniment, the ventll- Ln the organization were James utlon b! claims of different count- MacDonald. Daniel Gordon, Peter ries to tenltorlelrsoveretg-rity in the Robertson, W. D. Stewart and South Polar Regions, the following Robert Show. details of the United Kingdom There was a well-stocked library Position and United rKlngdom in connection with this society, scientific actlvles may be epivto- which caine lmo existence on the prlate. eve o1 stirring events at homo and The Antarctic Continent was abroad and developed lnta o. lively flrstidlscovered by Edward Brans- debating society. Among the