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‘ immatures-amount Allarlatlaafieoeudflaaaolallfoutfltlloa

Department, Ottawa

President: W. Cheater B. MOLII‘ ll.

' Vita-President: J. l. Burnett, IJJ. Ioflotary: lltut Col-D. A. MaeKlnnon. 0.5.0. lifter and Managing Director: I B. Burnett, FJJ. Associate Editors: Prank Walker and Ian s. Burnett

Iha Guardian may be obtained at: Hub Tobacco Shop, Moocton, N. B. The News Shop, Moncton. N. B. 00011: Mcuan. Plrtou N. S. Walker‘! While Spot. ll Salter 5L. Halifax, N-I.

"llatropolltall News Agency. i248 Peel 8t. Montreal.

United Cigar Stores. Chateau Laurler, Ottawa Out. I l. Althea, lmd Elgilfs flotel Ottawa, Ont. I. Fine, 354 Bay St., Toronto. Ont. Wolfe's News Stand, Surihury. Ont. Old South News. Cor. Milk and Washington Sta, Boston lhhllnr’: News Agency, Times auuulor. New York.

“The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest Ink.”

FRIDAY. mncll 1, ms Britain’; Achievement

_ Iritaitfs war DFUtlUCllUlI record is the 51$- JCFI vi a special isstlc of the Lam/an Titties, run- lllllil. l0 33 llflvspapcr pages. ln a foren-Qrd the l\'t. lion. Oliver Lyttclton, Minister" 0f Pro- duction in the British Government from March 194-2 w July. 1945. notes SOme features of this truly nmgnificent achievement. He points (my tllat of all the munitions used by the eight and three-quarter mcn comprising the armed forces 0t the British Commonwealth and Empire since the btcgrinning of the war, no less "than 70 per Ccnt was produced in the Unitcd Kingdom, In addition, substantial supplies were produced and sent to other .-\llics——tlte United States i??? Britllflig, the U.S.S.R., China and others o t c mtc t ZlllOilS.

“All this," writes Mr. Lyttclton, "we had to do under conditions of almost unbelievable difficulty. We were bombed from the air; against this we had to disperse our production, to black-out our cities, our railways, our roads, our factofriels); [é-btfaa; satlllr our sl1itps._‘DIl'in,rgYing ill 011i‘ 16- 00 , 0 an raw ma crta s. et, with our imports of raw materials cut by 5o per cent, we achieve the highest industrial out- put esverhattaincdgn the hifiory of our column."

uc a pro tgous e ort was ma e pos- lible only by great labburs and heavy sacrifices. All men up to age 64 and all womcn to age 59 were mobilized; food, clothes, petrol were sev- erely rationed, and supplies of other everyday things drastically limited. Exports had to bc de- liberately curtailed, so that in I943 and I944 they were less than mic-third in volume ‘of the i938 level. This released over I,ooo,o0o men and wo- men lsitherto engaged in making exports for direct war work.

The British during this time were pion- eers in radar and’ jet propulsion; in penicillin; in the invention and design of the Bailey bridge, in the design and- corlstruction of the Mulberry harbours, and the prefabricated harbours which made the invasion of France possible. British aircraft proved themselves second to none in the world; British scientists collaborated with American and Canadian scien- tists to develop and produce the atoin/[ic liombi"

Ending on a. note of optimism, r. yttc — ton says the inventiveness and ingenuity _of British scientists and engineers, and the high Itandard of quality production, "pofintl the will! to the future and show t at we s a. conqil" too the problems which peace is bringifltb"

Not forgotten in this fine fiditlon 0i Th! Times is the achievement of other Common- wealth nations, including Canada, about which there are several columns from the Ttmn Ol-

tawa correspondent- _____________.__

Wheat Versus Coarse Grains

The Monthly Review of the Bank 0f NOV! Scotia says: '

In the light 0f the situation, one of the main problems before the Dominion-Provincial Agriculture Conference was the allocation 0f land resources between food and feedtgrains- l! is obvious that thcre is some justification in the prcscnt statistical position for an expansion 1n wheat acreage — if wheat alone were to be con- sidcrcd. On the other hand, the importanceto our livestock and dairy program of maintaining or evcu increasing feed-grain acrcagcs is equally obvious. On the basis, finally, of‘ the inadvisa- bilitv of reducing either coarse-gram acrcagcs or gsunimcrfalloyv and the probability that bread-

in crops would be emphasized in Continental urope in the coming season, thus somewhat lessening the demand for whcaf, the decision was taken to reconlmcnd holding Prairie wheat Kresge at last ycar’s figure of_ 22.6 million acres. " " It seems inevitable, however, in view of the price for wheat and the strong feeling in the $21 that the present demand iustifics increas- Qdancrcagc, that there will be some transfer of d from coarse grains to wheat. Whether the It. out of coarse grains. and livestock and i reduction will continue on a large scale " no be seen. Though there is an enor- demand

bfeitnndtcidcdly attractive, particularly . ' still short. Hog production has al-

, rolls level, hog raising, with ‘i flaring; inflict-cute lul ‘et-

ltction, too, bu shown a (‘in Prtfrlerlhoviocel-dur-

Alberta became the largest hog-producing prov- ince, and in the Pfik year of 1944 the Prairie Provinces accounted for some 62% of s total inspected slaughter of 8.8 ntillion head of hogs, whereas in 1939 they supplied only 40% of a total of 3.6 million headQ 0f the record Can. sdian cattle population ‘of 10.8 million head at June 1, 1945, the Prairie Provinccsihcld 45%, against less than 40% of the smallcnpopulation of I939. Butter production rose 44% between 1939 and 1944, the major part of the increase taking place in Saskatchewan, and in _the latter year the three provinces contributed 40% of Canada's creamer! butter output compared with only 30% in I939. Under the influence of good weather and the pressures of war, livestock rais- ing was pcrhaps over-developed in areas not normally devoted to it. To some extent, there- fore, the rc-divcrsion that is taking place is nat- ural and desirable. With present price incent- ives, ltovttcvcr, it may easily proceed a long way towards rc-cslablishing that cxtrcmc dependence on wheat which marked the past experience of the West. _ V What the composition of Prairie agricul- ture should be depends to a considerable ex- tent on export markets. " It is quite true that the present market for wheat is vcry large. On the other hand, the need for meat of our best customer, the United Kingdom, is extremely urgent, and this nccd is not likely to bc met fully for some time to come. Moreover, failure. to make the largest feasible contribution toward meeting this urgent seed might well reduce our chances of obtaining an adequate ‘permanent itiarkct for bacon in the United Kingdom.

t-EDITORIAI. NOTES-

Rcadcr interest in daily ncwspapcr editorials has jumped I2 pcr ccnt since pre-tvar, accord- ing to a scientific survey by the Advertising Re- search Foundation. '

i i i II

_ Premier Jones is now_ of the opinion that his Government must practice economy. Accord- ing to the following that will not be before time: Total Liabilities as at March 31,

194$ $9,676,428.61 Total Liabilities as at March 31,

I944 9,123,613.98

Increase $ 552,814.63

iii!

During the war good people were accustom- ed to moralizc that the outcome all depended on the British Empire, and the British Empire de- pended on Divine Providence. Similarly it may be confessed that the future of the Jones Gov- ernment, and this province, depends on the out- come of the Dominion-Provincial Conference. but the Conference depends on Ontario and Quebec.

fllitfi

Festival of St. David, patron Saint of Wales; presided at the Synod of Victory at Cacrlcon-on-Usk; rclnoved the episcopal cen- tre of Wales to St. Davids, whcrc there is now a. 12th Century Cathedral, ruined Bishop's pal- ace, episcopal college of St. Mary’s, founded by John of Gaunt, and a mediate-val shrine, still vis- itcd by hundreds of tourists annually; St. David was canonizcd in‘ the 12th century.

I U 1

At Ottawa, Mr. Mackenzie King is ac- customed to blame his failures by attributing them _to the various "crown" companies he has organized for the discharge of government busi- ncss. Premier Jones is taking a leaf out of his Pmeotorfs book by charging the Sanatorium Crfimlsslon with negligence in failure to pro- vldc nurses f_or_the recently constructed addi- tion to_the building. AbaCflflCifll “goat” is very convenient, but not surely a nanny goat, as iu

this install c. a a- n a

Chilton it the name of a tiny English vil- lagc that has a good chance of becoming world famous, says Landon Calling.’ It is to be the home of a big research station for studying atonnic power, and, as may be imagined, the de- cision to carry on experiments there has act the uninitiated arguing all round the neighbourhood. Those in favour say the project is sure to put Chilton on the map. Pcssimists say that it is far more likely to blow the place off the map. The more practical-minded wondcr how it will affect the local industry of race-horse breeding, which is carried on extensively in the surround- ing Berkshire comitrysidc. But all this pother has failed to upset the inhabitants of Chilton. In fact, they are all m favour of the scheme. As one of them said in an interview with a BBC reporter: "I think it is all very fine. It will bring a lot of fresh faces and plenty of work to the village." And gnother chimed in, “It hasn't gone off yet, and, if it does, well, we shan't have to lvogyl:

Quebec seems to be among the favoured in more ways than one. As of May 1 next the system of purchase by pcnnit at the shops of the Quebec Liquor Commission will terminate. Prctnicr Duplessis asked at to the cessation of the pennit system, said that he understood that the intention is to end that system. It will be

for all products. wheat It $1-§5|recalled that the commission introduced the eye- with an apparently unlimited market. w I rem’ of purchase by penniu at a time when liquor {stocks were very scarce, and it was deemed wiic Ito ration what stocks were available. Other nurkcdc0ntra<li0n= u min vtiwnprovinces followed the same procedure, but in hum," " 11.0 fomijneome in the West has '

the Province of Quebec the ration was consider-

ably more generous than in theothcr provinces, " the Quebec commission having had more ample “l! on

stocks on hand. The, ration system ms

for which pedal-gem naubutisteren l‘ clltrgeofilfper-boolchsastocln ofglnand rum became ‘more

malt; attentional Outhou-

ina muted in Quebec with the issue of" plmllt n:

ta ..

unable tolind _ y’

°f 5"" l-"uul. l" leaf o- lcer xr i lch dllclosed

l‘ two to one

Ilainlt and that’ lmpe _

ayta," lite-added. hunts-hm‘: {£235 or. .

g oflhoa- IVO een clued and-chow that even m these cities in which our moat vetoed hougltah or. placed much . stns to e done to make the service adequate to requirements. All kinds of hos ital accommodation in sep- arate locks on central sites are needed in what are termed hospi- tal cities, but linked with these. district and county ho its]; are re ulred, all under reg enel eon. tro . —Edlnhul'Rh Scotsman.

A bachel friend ' maid mlleltrlteva wnfitillwofiuf ‘lrotllngh his apartment lu her be"

°° - . B other day he lot m1 first written communication from her l" "l"? "I"! years of association. It made him think he'd been h“.

Reports based my", ital needs tn 536mg

it 11.95"" ""5"" y. “I am nervus. The rugs around here give m; shocks. If I work in shoel, my feet

“"8 t“ hurt. My any Rot to be

more. Reva. RS. You bake u

ti: ;:§".":r.£."t.=;;"= t» mo‘? New Yorker. mo!‘ ‘Jrhe

Whether or not the Brlflull prlv cmmc" ‘Mum be the filial arbltei" on Dominion matters rather than the supreme court of Canada, ling

mil-n)’ years. ome e

authority a resarictlialle tituedistaitn rlete autonomy of um country; others as n‘ valuable tie-with (it-eh; Britain which 8110"“! be retained. It is evident, however, that the Provinces which oppose its dissolu- tion view it strictly from a utilt. galrllsatn standpoint. -Vlctorlsl ca].

lst,” Sidney theOptlmlst Club of sold today. ter when I'm a pessimist." For Mr. Sims also is official receiver in bank- ruptcy for seven counties, includ- lnK Wentworth, and when huslnesa i! 800d, it's not so good for hlm.

llton.

in Wentworth, Halton Lincoln, Welland, Haidimand, Norfolk Brant so far this year," he mourn- ed. ‘There were seven last year." Mr. Sims also is deputy registrar of the Supreme Court and rte uty clerk of the county court in ent- worth. -Hamllt'on Spectator.

There la something Eats in the fact that William P. o was horn in New York City, for it was here and in other large metropoliles that he achieved his success and fame as the “father of traffic regulations." Once, Mr. Eno became exal

. at d by a traffic jam; at that t r e

me 710

the ylesence on road ways of both horse-drawn ehlcles and lllloilliibuel- BY 1903 his rules-less

ed as a guiding principle for the New York police. Paris later in- lmui-ed ‘U! syeteme Eno", as did

el cities. His three tr butionl were the

' safety l traffic; Y bu: Circe in 1906, at ‘Iitiomphe in 190'! in cue in

nlttatton n nds and

on the Avenue in 19M. --New une.

cfitsfiain and with no certaint thorlties advance sound Why there should not be, at least resort to oleornargarlne?

The latter is

1'18 to show why this butter 1

ommonly advanced plea

Canadian dal

between claim in: But

n: industry.

ulde from a1 adlan dairy-in

alone the world-wide,

the return of modern, improved, stuff-at lent untl dtlimeltle and world v

.'°

that the in

‘Expositor.

jlcent cities and following letter, which, only twlo llnoa long, m lp for a movemen- fiction thpt ll

orencaa to amok which occasional

ttw

the t... ll

ettl ‘ hti u 1 a wlituu bottle grills

plltltlfel‘ u manor“

A I i ’ of Ia lnr on ‘rerakall t ao b" d. l° hill?‘ ' inborn fog

tftzfm I “ on. Not

I with harbour-t action, but

llldfllllezzy A

Brisbane h ' 1w» will, rm» . uv-"t8'i‘ .522 d use. chance of 63in: with

bWPlnB a Tulle rand. “Dear slr"

been a controversial subject for

“I would like to be an opflm. G. Sims, treasurer of 1i

"but business ls bet-

“There hasn't been a bankruptcy

C!‘

very llppro-

in

street laws existed, and the con- flliltm Wu worse" confounded by

early than 500 words. long-were adopt-

London, while his ideas were m]. lowed in other American and for- rtncipal can; o

rotary llt into effect at Colum. th; Arc de Plcadllly Cir- IDN and at the Round Point ea Champs-Elysee: ork Herald Trib-

Wltll the Canadian butter ratloll

will not be reduced stll further. can the governmental cu- reasons

to tide over the emergency, ‘alpine may be luclrreuons, but, ff til; "l". "my are not. to sly the least self-evident to the general public: i satisfied with acildeihlmmtzglilnigntllii or theoretical arguments purpyZr-t. tute should not be permltttedildTilld o so, has been to the effect that some- how the re-lntroductlou of oleomsr- Iurlne would be detrimental to the A: th t d - it, there is : In.“ 531.531. l pest discussions, the present. faoitndtflahatl tget Can- Y l ° Qin- able of meet n] the domeltlc, let demands bvlnl made upon 1t. whit-could be more logical, tlglsen, than to pQfltlall otmlrgarn _ odgtaltln; Iulaalllu time al con . tale to somethln: closer-ail: :11;- mal’! Or can the authorities affirm lent: necessary to the product ell of margarine are lilo in lh0rt_ supply? -lrantford

a I110 of rowel-a ln jloston and Y!

prod I

"w" ' .. tlon of imam! cglitarilelh Rklllllfll fill!!! tli lllrfelt. of ref- nl and drinking this p , we q the inl-

l!- .

as. EARL ours oilrraln.

Sin-In your lune of lob. 18th. 1 there la a news item concern. in the retirement of CapLAl-cllt. b d J. Campbell of the C. G. B. Bram. 1n which there is t misstate- ment of fact.

Your item states: “Be entered the Dominion Government marina service in 1914, his flrlt berth being aboard the C. CI. S. Mlllto, shortly afterwards he was transferred to the Earl Grey, Capt. John Read, u: . went to Archuniel asa mom- ber of the Earl Grey's crew when that ship was p rchased by Russia for us, at an lcebreaker." Capt. Campbell must have gone to Rus- sia on the "Mlnto."

The facts are that my father. the late Capt. J. J. Murchilfil wel Captain or Master of the Earl Grey and when she was sold to the Rus- sians, he delivered the Earl Grey to the British Navy who took the ship to Archangel and delivered her to the Russ ans.

Read was never captain or master of the Earl Grey at any time to lake her any place. .

Sir, etc. a. 1d. MURCHISCN, The Manse, New York City, N. Y.

THE. U. N. O.

1am

Sirz- When a man says black is black we are inclined to let. it go without question but when he says black is white we expect him to back up his assertion. May quote from a contribution‘ to your column by ‘G. A. C.; “Its concep- tion, (the U.N.O.) was unchrlstlan and undemocratic and was born in conceit and stupidity with boosters of the Caldwell and Laskl type." I take exception to the statement from every angle. Not only is your correspondent living in either lg- norance of the principles our of which the U. N’. O. was conceived. but his thinking, even along such general lines, is influenced by ex- treme virulence towards the be- efs of Mr. Caldwell, of which,_I might add, he also seems to be u} ignorance. (Refer- unchrlltlan , "undemocratic". "mflWll". smpid‘ ityf’) He shown his IKIIOFBME °t Mr. LaskPs position in the realm of politics, for the lattefls 5911938 are certainly not synonymous with those of Mr. Caldwell.

The U. N. 0.. for his information, was conceived with boosters not only of the Caldwell t pe but also of the Roosevelt, ell, K1118» Churchill and Stalin type. These people, with the probable excep- tion or King, are statesmen. Its Conception was not undemocratic. democratic principles are in evi- dance in all its decisions. The fee: that. the member nations quire! does not mean angabandsélmeéléetoy the principles of . ..- member nation of the U. 0. bras a vote in all major decisions. T; Executive Council, I Will ldm .

deals with many of the lesser urg- "

lenis without reference to the - sembly, but the Council was select- ed from the rankn of the represen- tatives of all the member "fll-hgllt» by those representatives. Is t a undemoc “tic?

Was the U.N.O. born in conceit and stupidity? (WhY 9071991”). I3 it ltu id to have a world organ!"- Lion or the propagation of broth- erhood and the insurance 0! 985C"? If it is—-can G. A. C. or anyone e159. epme up with l better idea?

one. takes obieflivfl t» We

world government, I object towchfi‘ amp

the most. money and the loudest‘

tcrm, being "run by nations ay." Would he give nations like ‘srurkey, Chile, Mexico and Switz- erland, equal say with the ILSA, Great Britain. Russia and Jhina? Is it not right that those nations

who made the greatest sacrifice in.

winning the war should have suf- ficient say to insure 1M1 efforts shell not have been ln vain.

Those nations well eqlllPDBd ‘i333: against another Brvflt

cialiy will be in a very road tion to act d relslon lf they l" voce in the . N‘. O GAO, want?

I my

given a loud . What does

tent wth that part containing the attack on Colclw national Finance that exercllel the ll

giiztgllainiil But that is what

advocated by the 0.9.?» Vim" leader l: that awful man. Cold- well. lat him stick to his guns. Interna- tional cartels. and finance attend- ant upoirl Capitalism

only of the opposition of every

one of ul. I am, Cir, etc., L l. o‘

frrestiog A Cold (laatdorn ‘lineal For the last week o!‘ 1W0

whole. country haa reverberatetl with slleezea and the bl

owing“ of notes. Everybody hal a cold. mo

are the vlct ma of something worn a fllfllOlll form of influenza, b the rest of the wail! "has a cold. Ill the ordinary a 1

I on! _