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A-Potato Tariff Issue

V 1110 tariff handicap on Canadlmpoum poduosn. and shippers "has been brought '.0'f0Kf0l1Y to the attention of Parliament by Mr.-J. Angus. MacLean. lap... and . will Clltlmhavs the strorlgstlpportofjllbrir N?-aritilns -representatives. As Mr. Mscuanl lflfhll Wt. nine-tenths of all potatoes ox- bW'hdflomCanadaa,.lsgrowninthisPmv. NOW Brunswickgnd industry have is d vital importance. to.our-"general farm economy. During lag:-yep; cu-mi. bnportsd three times ras .miny”ubl. pg. mtocft-om the United States as we export- ed to that country. and even: our--famous

In

A

what they want with violent consist-

ency. Up to the present the Communist

as it has involved nations and people for

p whom we have the deepest sympathy and ”

most sincere admiration. We are appalled at their enslavement but our sorrow is noth- ing compared to the in-famies and agonies

Russia's bestial tyranny. However, time is running out for us also, because, given the present pace of the Communist advance, it cannot be long before its encircling pincers will be turning upon ourselves.”

forcibly as they do to the United States, a fact which is the basis of our whole present

that fifteen years ago he had made a sim- ilar speech before a Legion convention, making the keynote of his remarks the

faction and not need it than need protec-

tion snd not have it." makes pretty sound sense.

Fillingly Honoured

Our former Mayors. Councillors

seed exports have barely balanced imports.

This point has been raised. by Mrf.D. A; MacDonald, chairman of-the P, E. I. Potato Marketing Board, and in-zan article in The Guardianof'January 8 last Mr. MacDonald dealt fully with the matter. He pointed out that under the General Agreement on-Tarn

iii! and Trade signed at Geneva in" 19-1.7l.devoted service in the interests of our citi-n

Canada reduced ILS tariff i-mpost schedule

on a long list of items including potatoes. I our years ago some efforts were made to obtain a' more favorable dial (in this eormnodity, without success. that time the whole Canadian industry has found itself subject to destructive sales competi-

tion from outside sources."

Originally "GATT" agreements were:

based on rates of duty existing April 1st, 1947, at which time the Canadian tariff ad- mittod potatoes free of duty except for six weeks in the year, when a rate of 37 1X2 sents per cwt. was imposed on table pota- toes. 'I'his.l-ate was bound against increase. At In same time the United States full duty rate the year rdlnd was 75 cents per ewt. on any amounts of potatoes over one and one-half million bushels of certified seed and one million bushels of tablestock. The Geneva agreements increased the seed quota at the reduced rate to two and a half million bushels and also increased the table- stock quota in the years when. United States production is below normal. . . ,

In spite of this difference in tariffs, Canadian potato exports generally were in excess of imports from the United States until the year 1950. the premium on U. S. currency in this country helping to over- some the tariff disadgantage. Now such eurrency is at a discount and sincev1950. when price support in the United States was lifted on potatoes, a downward move- ment trend has developed, withithe resulu pointed out by Mr. MacLean in hi address h the Commons. - ' '

1 Another factor in the situation has been the development in recent years of motor transport, which has not only worked to our disadvantage in potato s)DP01'" W "10 U"l' tsd States. but has placed U. S. growers in much closer proximity to the industrial centres of Quebec and Ontario which were traditionally supplied largely from the Mari- times. Our imports of vegetables and fruits generally from the neighboring republic are nowons basisofflva to oneof exports. The volume of our exports is so small in relation to the overall picture that it has little influence on the market price struc- ture of that country. On the other hand, any reductions in the U. S. tariff would be immediately reflected in higher returns to Canadian producers. In the case of pota- toes. the U. s. price level. lens the U: s. duty, puttywell determines ourcprioe level.

Therefore, as Mr. MacDonald pointed out and as Mr. MacLean.,has emphasised in his amaal to Parliament-, it not great im- portance that further be obtain- ed for our potato produoersunder the Uni- tsd States Reciprocal Trade Alrpemems not through which the President has the power to make par. cant hr the rates of duty oatlstlnelyl Januuy 1. 1016. Failing action .11 this lslrid. R is the

duty of our Canadian'Govemment to"Ise -.

tsartho unfair arduous" " -The Price -

Water Commissioners were fittingly horr- toured at Monday night's Centennial Year ;function. It is regrettable that owing to illness Mr. Rogers and Mr. Fosrer. b0lh l-former Chief Magistrates, were unable to be present, but the group was quite a large lone and the tributes paid to their years of

-zens were indeed well deserved. K

The problems and responsibilities of civic: government have grown with the years,. but they have always made exacting de-l mands on our representatives. We are anl undemonstrative people for. the most part,' especially where words of praise are inl order. On this occasion, however, there is no question but that the souvenir presenta- tions Monday night, and the appreciative words accompanying them, represent a long overdue installment of public opinion and of thanks for work well and conscien- tiously done in the past. Long may the lrecipients continue to enjoy the honour and lesteem in which they are held!

EDITORIAL NOTES

Production of creamery butter in Ire- :land last year was the highest ever record- ed. Output was about 786,000 cwt., an in- crease of 83,000 cwt. on 1953 and 127,000 on 1952.

Industry has many strange new gadgets

these days; but, according to the National.

Geographic Society, water is still its "life- blood." For example, it lakes 65,000 gal- .lons of it to make one ton of finished steel.

Anyone interested in finding the where- abouts of trout and other game fish can now purchase a gadget that never fails to point to the right spot. It is a, portable leiectronic machine that can be carried eas- lily and operated on a standard 6-volt bat- tery. There is only one little hitch lo it: it costs about 31400.

O

Candlemas. Also Ground-Hog Day, so ,called in the United states because of the tradition that if the ground-hog, or wood- chuck, sees its shadow when it comes out of hibernation touay, there will be six more weeks of winter; but if the day is cloudy. he remains above ground, confident of mild weather. Or as they say in Scotland: ”lf ;Candlemas be fair and clear, there'll be twa winters in the year."

I O U

In this country religious leaders are al- most as well pleased as the farmers when they hear of an increase in the national consumption of beef. Not so in India when the cow is held in vencration by mil- lions of faithful Hindus. Recently, ortho- dox Hindu leaders made a half-mile long procession through the streets of New Delhi and loudly protested the serving of beef in hotels and restaurants, made pos- sible by a goverrunental regulation which permits limited slaughtering of the sacred animals. They shouted "Down with the beef-eaters!" Communists, who joined them just for the political fun of it, shouted "Down with the cow-killing capitalists!" '

C O O

. Farmers already have plenty of insect posts to bother them. However, barring a miracle, they will soon have another. a de- cidedly cantankerous one known as the Kllapra Beetle. A native of India and China it made its appearance In Southern Caliomlaia few months ago; since then it has travelled as far afield as New Mexico and Arlsona. Resembling, but much smal- hr than. the common June bug, it likes to salt in residence in stored grains and oth- er woducts. lo far no-satisfactory weapon aouss against it has been found, although -large doses of methyl bromide have had rooms-dlact h a few isolated Instances. agricultural offlelsh are taking

msari d travpl that they are considering

expansion has concerned us, only insofar ;

inflicted upon the hapless victims of Red ”

These words apply to Canada just as E

defense policy. Cardinal Spellman recalled C

declaration that "it is better to have pro-

That warning still -

and

I III l 5.2-'f.'.'.ru'.3'.-an.:..-n. Msdiseliousavls-woftheriewcomer'sr-spld'

cause of its alclrcllng rings. con-

T tipn-yids quarantine against unclaarsd bah: assss hose. is unusual.

sls ofsvaslswarmdnsll lwp-lslu

Living To Learn

1 ,alswS;'areM. .

Medically Speaking 1 Hlrlllll N. IIEOIQ. K-D.

LONG CONVALESCINCI FOR VIRUS PINUMONIA

VIRUS pneumonia is one of your greatest sasmlss this time of year.

Lilia the common cold which usually prscsdes it. virus pun- monla is not often fatal. But it can keep you pretty run down and tired for several weeks at even months.

of a simple cold. Quite :. usnlly many you Ignore such cold symptoms as a mildly sore throat and nasal congestion.

You don't consider than serious enough to put you into bed until you have recovered. . . I

In about four or five days you will notice a severe headache. be- come chilly and develop a fever varying somewhere between 100 and 108 degrees.

Other Symptoms

You will probably lose your sp- petite and In a few days more you will develop a dry. hacking cough. Often the cough is worse at night than during the day. . This not only interrupts your sleep. but it will make your head- ache even worse.

For several days. the cough will remain tight and dry. Eventually though. you will cough up thin. watery sputum which may be streaked with blood.

By this time the doctor can be pretty sure you've got virus pneu- monia.

Now don't become unduly wor- ried. As a rule. in about ten to 14 days it will run its course and

PUBLICiORUM ;

ms salami: II span to the n by correspond of interest. In G scsssarlly sadsr-s -rrrsnnlldllla.

SUGGESTS FARMERS UNION

Sir.-My attention is drawn to an advertisement in your paper about the formation of a new 'pota l o producers organization. "How come?" Are we going to scrap the old one? If there is something wrong with the old

laa Ila

Panama Conlrasls '

National Geographic News Bulletin

you'll begin to get better.

But. as I said. it probably will .be several weeks before you have irecovered completely. You will be very tired, have little energy and little appetite for some time.

There isn't much we doctors can

It develops during the course comm

stated

avsr since Shakespeare's King Leader said: "The faster- aursa of nature is repose." Rest. has. since then. been sought af- ter and lauded. work deplored and avoided despite the urging: of the poet who wrote that: "Too much work itself becomes a apaln." and of the sage who de- claimed that: "Of all the foes that man should dread. the first and worst. is Late to bed and early to rise seems to be the modern motto.-Toronto Teleg- ram. .

At first sight there would seem to be no reason (writes "M".) why the Japanese Bible Society of Tokyo should be gladdened- as it doubtless is - by are gum. lag of a monthly ration of about on cigarettes to its nation's smok- ars. Not long ago. however. one of its officials. questioned about an unusually rapid spread of Christianity, as lalned the mattsr: "Now we have discovered that the quality of paper used in the 3.500.000 Bibles we have imported ls admirabls- for cigarette roll- ing." Some of these were selling

'5.”

Panama. shaken recently by the assassination of its President, is a land of variety and contrast.

Called the bridge of the world, the Republic of Panama bestrides a narrow S-shaped isthmus that connects birth and Central Am- erica wllh South America. But the 10-mile-wide Panama Canal Zone divides the republic itself into two parts.

fill."”5..”"ll?.Qh;l;?J.."1 r--' i . . , , . , is culturally atin. panis is llhm) " "135 Abmmm Lmlnln the official language. Architec-

:lYl'lIl .aid. ”llivided we fall. unn- led ue sland". Any organization. to be successful. has to have a large membership.

What we need is a Farnrl-rs" Union: then we could join up with Central and Western Canada. ;Thoy are going up to Ottawa with a tlelesalion every year. and ldemanding attention: for potatoes .is not our only marketing prob- lem. thnrllzh I'll admit it is our lblsmosl one. and most annoying. l I hope this will be a job for tho ,Fedt-ration shortly. organizing a Farmers Union.

. I am, Sir. etc. b ELDON DRUMMOND Freetown. P. E. I.

A Real Barrier (West German Information Office Built-tint

in severity minutes a motor -car can rover the distance be- tween Hamburg. the largest town in the German Federal Republic land Lubeck. its caslern-most city. l,Luherk-from which today a 12- ,minutc bus ride takes you in the from border that is the rift be-l lwccn Western Germany and East- ern Germany.

The bus returns to Lubcrk and 'you continue eastward on foot.

past a few more houses and gar-, idcns and a rusly. unused railway; ;track. You are on a road that for, lrenturics has been the highwayl ,tn Berlin. Now its pavement is linierspcrsed with weeds and east of the West German barrier pole. It has been obstructed with barb- ed wire and chevaux-de-frlse by the Russian soldiers and the Soul ,iet-zune People's Police. But not enough-beyond this barricade the road has been torn up and made5 rlmpassable by a trench. To the 'left and the right. across the Ger-l yman land. the barbed wire cntan-; glemenl stretches on as far as the. eye can reach. Along it rims the l"Pieck-Belt". so called after the- i I t -president of the East zone. From this strip of land. sev- eral metres wide. every bit vegetation has been carefully re- moved and the ground is narrow- ed almost daily under police super- vision In order to discover the footprints of West-bound refugees who may have crossed the border under cover of night. This demar- cation line is also called the "death bellz" It stretches without inter- ruption from the Baltic sea to the Bavarian forest. In daylight no one could pass through it without being seen by the guards on their beats or from the watchlowers equipped with machine-guns. 'Wliere the road is obstructed a large sign proclaims. ,"German Democratic Republic." This ll where the Soviet realm of Influ- cncs begins - less than a 15-min- ule ride from the centre of Lubeck with its 231.000 inhabitants. NJXJD of them refugees. This side of the barbed wire there are children at play and strollers look across it toward the East, where Germans. Poles. Czechs and many other peoples live In bondage. on the other side of the barrier there is bothlnl but silence: no movement except a rabbit hopping over the fallow land.

The Age Old Story

for ans. 0 Ind. fly wsl-ilk M

mom son sslura Is a unique plasst ba-

ture. dress and customs bear col- orful witness io the nation's His- panic past. the National Geo- graphic Society says.

The Panama Canal Zone covers a 552-square-mile strip under per-

elual lease to the United States. It is North American in character. The United States Government acts as employer, landlord. doc- tor. butcher. baker. hotel-keeper. recreational director and laundry- man.

FIRST SPANISH COLONY

Panama standslas the youngest American republic- "' of its territory is unexplored. let it was the site of the first Spanish colony on the mainland of the New World.

in 1502. Columbus explored the Caribbean coast of Panama and established a colony at Porlnbelo. Other settlements were set hp. Spain maintained Jurisdiction Ulltll 1821. when Panama became a part of the independent Grail Colombia federation. The little nation did not gain full independence until 1903.

Today. inure than one-thirrl of Panama's 374.000 citizens live in two modern melropollses - Pan-

.ama City. the bustling capital on

the Pacific coast. and Colnn on the Atlantic side. in the interior. however. primitive tribes exisl as they did before the gold-seeking conquerors came four and one- half centuries ago.

The face of the nallon prc.-cnls the same vivid contrasts. West- ward from the urbanized Atlantic entrance of the Canal-a great in-

l VTSplendid lye-baled

(Ottawa Journal)

The debate in the Commons on German resrmament was in The Journals view the best debate the House has put on in many a long year.

Too malty debates in the Conl- mons are not debates at all. but merely a succession of speeches with little relevancy to what has

0' gone before. This past week re-

levancy was triumphant over rhetoric, with men asking search- ing questions and others answer- ing honestly and with first rate ability.

This is what the House of Com- mons should be; what all of us should want it to be.

And all the good speech and honesty was not with the major- ity. The majority-may have had more knowledge. more logic. more awareness of reality;lt had not more lntsgrlty, more courage.

more command of moving words.

Mr. Pearson in his brilliant clos- lng effort showed understsndlns

of this; no word of superiority or mean cansurs crossed his lips.

Let nous cross the lips of the the rest of us. men who could not us their way to speak or vote for German rearn-lament were not sound in a popularity contest: many of them must have been rsvoltsd by the idea of hav- ing to walk. in this German busi- ness. with the Communists.

Yet It was not tbs part of these men to court popularity. John Bright was not popular w the Crimean War:

mobbed when he Boer War: and Churchill did not endear himself to Joseph Cham- berlain sad fallow Tor-lea when listnldthsllousstlisttlbswere a Boer would be flshtlng for the Tn svssl.

but ll was of the debate llself were Ipeaklnl. la. every way. msttsr ml Inaaasy. it was

sun! IILANIII New Guinea, la Island asrtlr

lernalional crossroads - extends one of the most rugged coaital stretches in the western hemi- sphere. The green. steaming jun- gles give way to cool highlands in

the interior. -011 the Pacific side. dry and compara-

the land lies lively open.

'lWO SEASONS ONLY

Weather follows the same pal- lem of violent contrast Panama dry. Torrents fall from April to Decem-, so searing that the earth cracks and

has two seasons: wet and

ber. The other months are

dust sometimes fills the air.

The Panama Canal has its para- doxical featurcs. too. The Canal runs northwest lAllanlicl to south- east IPacificI. not east to wesl as The Pacific entrance is about 27 miles east of

one might expect.

the Atlantic gate.

Panama ranks high in gross Ion- nage among the world's maritime It might be said that the sun never-sets on the Panamanian It is found in virtually ev-

nations. flag.

ery important shipping center. Here is another

They registry to take economies.

we ..r.-.s.:TT I7,-p7&' Wm-an

ON THE LETTER H

advantage

Twas uhispcrcd Ill Heaven. 'lu.'-lsn

mullcrctl in Hell. And cchu caught softly as if lcll;

I lit - iline l -arth 'lu-as per- " n?u'(g('l to :.c:LL lnatlon made to determine whe- Arlrl the depth ul lire ur-can its "1" ”' "oi me" l5 '9'"? 0""?-

prcsenca cunlcssctl;

Twas seen ill the lightning. ilwas

heard in the thunder. "fuill be found in the

earliest breulll.

It assists at his birth and addendsr

him in death.

Presiucs o'er his happiness. hon-

our. and health,

"Ills the prop of his house and the

end of his wealth;

It begins every hope. every wish

it must bounrl. with the husbandman toils. with monarchs is crowned;

In the lleaps of the mlser 'tis

hoarded with care.

But is sure to be lost in the prodi-

gal heir; Without it the may roam.

soldier and

Du! won: to thc wrelch whn ex-

pcls it from home; In the whispers of there will be found.

Nor o'er in the whirlwlml of pas-

sion be drowned ;

It softens the heart. and though

deal to the ear.

It will make it acutely and II-

stantly hear;

But in shades let it rest, like an

elegant flower. Oh! breath on It softly, In an hour.

-C. M. Fanshawe l17655lll34l