T H E G U A R D ' A N r maifiiflsproniise of aIO"1lC power is so

; great that many countries are not waiting for United Nations action. but have all.

"Coven Prlnso nun Islnnl Like the Dan" ready begun active develop"-lents. Yet Ve..v

' Gmf1:";,'a-":';:I"f,::'l:f';mm p few nations have had actual experience in

.......l. ...i...-. u su........-.-.i.-. hlunlazue snu Albcnnn. ml... the full-scale operation of atomic reactors

. tlCl. I'lh,Ih P.tl)'ft I) "l -I. l . uen ts sewn ass calm-vwms us I cc eparlilln pol. of atolnlc power plants. In the debme

Putm-lied en.-rx weal-day morning It I36 PFIIICI Sui-eel, Chm tout-lawn. P I-:.l.. by The Thomson Company Limiled

:,:-&.h.p.....-. mtl;,..El..;lei;;.-J) pm:-.'...:1-:;.:Tm.:is.3l:1dpel5gnmilllp at the United Nations General Assembly, PH ..m..... i the Canadian delegate, Hon. Paul Martin,

tl'I'll4ei -strongest -memory is weaker. than i Said wiihe mos. immediate need is for in- the weakest Ink." , formation and training to spread the tech- ' nology required on a wide scale . . . In or- der to construct reactors and carry on use- ful creative research in this field. not only is it necessary to have V . g , .fol-matlon on the subject-much of it al- Tms l.'i””n('9 M” Mimi mm m”w”"lreildv available--but one must also have the reslllts. if any. or the in-poi-t of D1-, . .lS(,iPn'”StsV engineers and techniciam train. G Chrmm of Johns Hupk-ms vmwlisutnitid. at least. to some degree in the use alld fl" 3" amaliriamatio" of elwuiic powmilinterpretation of these extremely compli- faf'””195 m N0” Scfma iwpdg New ?l”'n”:' cated research tools". And he proposed wick: for there seems no ieason uhy -pou- that this training hp pan of the er thus generated could not be furnlslied the mm, agency. cheaply throughout the whole Maritime This need has alwadv been recognized ”93- p , in the United States. where a School of The Molicton Traliscrlpt. in coiumeiit- Nuclear Science and Engineering was mg faVm'abl-V 0" the pmjeCt' Says the es. opened at the Argonne National Labor- fabnshmem of the pmpospd grid System atory near Chicago on March 7th last.

Tl.JESI)AY. MAI: I7. 1955

Maritime Power Resources

teciinical in-

task of

'- lance of Individual countries in the use of

m he shared 0" 3 Common amid" Sh0uldiThirtv-one advanced students from 19 na- present no physical difficulty. The NPW,,tionS. and nine from the U. S. itself. have

M I been admitted to this establishment. They

Brllnswick and Nova Scotia circuits present come within a few miles of each

other. and if the barrier of provincial poll-I each from Argentina. Australim

tics could be overcome it would seem that many advantages would accrue. It is pos- sible to envision a substantial power plant. foreseen by Dr. Christie as eventually con- suming some 500,000 tons of coal 3. year. Such s plant would produce more steam- electrlc power than would be practical for use in the Immediate area. But thrown into the common system it would be able to boost the low power in other centres. Again, such an undertaking would mean a continuation of work for the Nova Scotla coal miners. Because of the extent of this industry in Nova Scotia, any im- petus given it would result in maintenance of buying power which is bound to be re- flected throughout the Maritimes. Another point of value in griddln-g the power resources of the two provinces, says The Transcript. ls title fact that a steady flow can be maintained when emergencies urine. Plant failures or breakdowns in the distributing system now often mean power blackouts, sometimes for prolonged per- loth. Steps are being taken in New Bruns- wick to counteract this situation, but it does not lessen the value of having altern- ntio sources which can be tapped when needed. Without minimizing the import- anon of the Beechwood hydro project that is now imder way, and other sister develop- ment along the St. John river that have been proposed, New Brunswick is barely keeping up with the demand for power.

include four students from Belgium. two Egypt- France, Greece. Japan, Pakistan. Spain and Thailand, and one student each from Brazil. Guatemala. Indonesia, Israel, Mex-

Switzerland. They have now begun a seven-month study course in the design, construction and operation of reactors for nuclear research: in the principles of de- sign of nuclear power reactors; in the handling of irradiated materials; and in other peaceful applications of nuclear en- ergy. A unique international school to pre- pare the first experts of 20 nations for the new era of power is thus already in ex- istence, under the auspices of the U. S. Atomic Energy Commission.

For Good Reading

A new experiment is being tried out in the St. Catharines, Ontario, public library. (At. any rate, that is where it started. It may have travelled farther afield by now.) This, briefly, is how it. works: A special badge is given to each child in the six to twelve age group who takes six books from the library and reads them studioiisly lenough to pass a simple test given byithe i librarian at the end of a designated period. lA second badge. more elaborately designed than the first, is given upon the reading of six more books, four of-which must be non-fiction. So it goes until twenty-four

Until there is an adequate guaranteed source, and power available at an attract-l lvo cost. it. will be impossible to attract in-

dustries to the Maritimes in sufficient

numbers in change the telior of the econ- 9m.V- l

”Wit:l1 the many apparent advantages,

and the suggestion of an expert who was engaged to investigate the possibilities."

ildds our Moncton contemporary, ”ii

would seem up to the governments of New

Brunswick and Nova Scotia to explain whyl steps have not been taken towards in-i vestigating such ll development."

I

Atomic Power Conference

An itnporlant event in the new era of power will occur on August 8th. when' scientific delegates from some 80 countriesl will meet ill Geneva. to study the lechliiclil and srielilific fllclors involved and to ex- plore the niealis l'i'tlllll'P(I to develop .'-ltonlic power on an iliteruatiollal scale. llr. ll. .1. Rhahlia of India will be the pro- sldenl of the (lollfemlitw-, and Dr Walter J. Wllitmlln of the United States has hr-l-ll llppiillted Sol-relary-(ienerlll.

A new wlirlil-pit'llll'e will t"lllPI','P l'l'f)'.ll'

this lliel-ling. .klitlloi'ltlllive surveys will, be made of the world's power requil'cmellls between the years i973 and 2000. includ- ing the needs and i'i-sollrces of sp-cil'h' reczions alid eollntries that are not yet iii- dllsti'iali7.ed. of olllers that are in flilltl- sition from agi'icultllral to ili'l'istl'lal'ecri- noniy. and of countries that are 'dll'Vi'i.V Industrial. Other sessions will discuss the availability of the raw materials for atomic fuels. the economics of nuclear power. the safety and health factors in- volved in atomic installations, the produc- tion and use of isotopes in industry, medi- cine and agriculture, and the legal prob- lems involved. There will also be more tecliniral sessions on the design and oper- ation of nuclear reactors of various types and on the fundamental facts and prin- ciples of chemistry, physics and biology upon which future developments must de- pend. flncluding medical research on pro- tection agalnst radlatlon damaS9l- A ml"! session will discuss measures for the assis-

ItonIte,l)Otl!,Indthotocllfitcal educatton or - an-ts who wtll be needed. The ro- V I bI”IV' wnrllt-wldv lull! M 919

books, each series advancing in literary lweight, have been read and the ensuing

ltests passed. Then, each successful reader

is presented with an engraved certificate showing that the recipient is now a mem- ber in good standing of the ”Library Ad- visory Committee." What happens to those unfortunate enough to fail in the tests the report does not say; pr vsumably they are given another chance to strive

for the badge of excellence.

The idea was first advanced by Mr. Claude Butler of Ambassador Books Lld., a Canadian publishing firm: the money to put it to the test was provided by the Am- erican Book Manufacturers' Institute. The purpose behind the plan is, of coul'se. tlhc development of interest in reading at. an early age when. so the psychologists say, most of the normal patterns of adult life are fashioned. It will be interesting to see how it works out. CPl'l'll'llV. anvthing that will make good and inlercstvl read- ers oilt of present dav yoiillrstnrs. w'io ar up against diverting infllir-lit-as with which no other generation had to colltliiid, is worth at'enlion.

EDITORIAL NOTES

l Prime Minister I-Eden told a political gallierillg the other day that when p?opl" save six times as much one year as they did the year before-which is what Brit- ll.N'il0l'S did in i934--they can't be too bad-

Ily off. 'So far, the Labour reply has not

,hcr-n i'epm'led: it had better be good if

'thev hope to quash that plain bit of rea- lsoning. '

i The 30th anniversary of the death of

i.lules Verne. the science-fiction writer, most of whose fanciful predictions have come to pass, will be observed solemnly by writers and scientists from all over the world in Paris the 25th of this month. His books have been translated into 82 lan-

iguages, ranking close to the Bible in that

respect.

0 O O

O O O

Gradually the German war prisoners are returning to freedom and. let. us hope, to s more peaceful wuyof life. British authorities released three a few days ago. leaving thirty-one still in durance vile. The Americans bold olghty-WI. and "'9

Frendldghtcen. Aportfronlnfowtop

Nazis, who on in for life, moot C than

I rm"

-2

wihtoohsvearortwo.

ico, the Philippines, Portugal, Sweden and

l 999 Enemies Of Man

Change Of Pace

(International

Ever since manifirst appeared on the earth. he has been at- flicted by diseases caused by his predecessors: the bacteria or sin- gle-pelledl giants. thle prologue or sing e-ca e anima s. an the viruses. which some scientists be- lieve were the first living things.

Germs. through mutation. are constantly generating new species. Occasioiigally. but rarely, they are respons le for new diseases. For while mutations occur quite fre- quently, the mutant. or changel' . disappears almost as rapidly as it emerged.

As a matter of fact. nllr century has probably produced no really new disease. lllh the possible ex- ception of ailments related to mod- ern techniques, machines or chem- icals.

Another indication that man is outrunning his germ enemies comes from is recent survey con- ducted by the World Health Or- ganisation. WHO researchers con- clude that there are 999 different diseases alid causes of death lurk- ing in our world - but that no new ones have appeared since 1948.

One of the most fascinating tales

of medical detective work on dis ease concerns the efforts of Rocke- ;fl-ller Foundation scientists to ltrack down new viruses Those tiny. puzzling germs lie on the bor- 'der-llne between inert chemicals land living organisms. Tlicy are sometimes discovered as disease- lcausing warasilcs li h u in a ii is. ilsometimes in higher animals or insects. I While working on the problem of yellow fever in Africa and South America. the Rockefeller researches uuckolvered Sll viruses never before own. inc: 1949. these "new" viruses have been the obiecls of intense study. One of the germs, isolated from the hntly of an African mosquito. was in- jected into the brains of mice: even when injected in lficllllelzlllllly small amounts. the virus i e al- most all the experimental ani- mals.

0 0

The researchers then cxamiiiell African natives to determine wile- ther thc germ is capable of pro- ducing disease ln L . Delicate blood Icsts sllriwcd that. at one time or another. a majority of the population in the region had been host to the "new" germ. For- tunatcly. llowcvcr. Ill" ”il'llS. al- though deadly to lalioratory ani- mals. producctl no symptoms of disease in human beings.

Thus. the search goes on Medi- cal scientists continue to find new germs, some that are hzlmli-ss. and some that cause disease. But they also find new ways to colli- bat them. The last few years have seen the development of power- flil and sale drugs. such as the newest broad range antibiotic polycycline. as well as effective protective agents against the palm virus and other germs. When dis- case No, 1.000 is discovered. L-halil-cs are that medicine be ready for it.

A meat packer found that the butchers in his cutting room were casily fatigued, inefficient and subject to frequent illness. Th" e. was no apparent reason for their low morale -- llnlil a colours analyst was called in. The culprit, he said. was the white paint on the walls and ceilings of the cut- ting room. Because of an optical phenomenon known as retinal fatigue. the butchers saw green images of the meat they were cut- ting evcry time they looked up from their work. The problem was solved when the walls were paint- ed green.

'. c will

1 o

A manufacturer faced I similar situation. The Interior of his fac- tory had been painted a light blue in the belief that it would make things pleasant. instead, the work- ers complained of being cold in the winter. When the colour was changed to a "warm" line - yel- low - the complaints ceased.

Because bright colours make ob- jects look larger, and because same colour combinations make I deeper impression than others - black on yellow is the most vivid of all - moi-cbsndl have learn- ed that the proper of colours in Mcklsliig will crease soles.

Colour is important to llullll and '9"-Ml!!! ll the home. For ox-

inlpi-an sbhekgot. away from her own room. iv was painted h purple - her "fnvourfte" colour. The doctor perslindedIerhtakentrlp.alid willie the was ilwnv. M” we

Science News)

room repainted yellow. She neicr suffered from her old annoying symptoms again. i It is only in recent years thatl there has begun the scientific study; of the relation between emotlonali health and our senses. But we now know that colour. music and smell can often be healing agents as effective as drugs and scalpels. C is t

In many modern hospitals ,music is used to lessen the apprehension of surgical patients ,and to over- come the disturbing effects of op- erating room noises and mu- versaliolls. Whyslclans also report that mi.lic helps expectant moth- crs tn enrllire pain and pass the hours of labour with less fear and foreboding. Dentists are also turn- ing to music as a means of help- ing patients to overcome their fear of extractions and prolonged drilling. The most striking suc- cesses of musical therapy, how-

ever, have been scored in psy- chiatry. Experiiiiciils with smells as

tools of merit-inc have not yet pro- gressed as fas as with music and colours. But. because an odour can be effective in bringing a half- forgolten scene to the mind. phy- sicians are finding smells of value in the diagnosis and treatment of the mentally ill. Several hospitals in the USA are already using "scent-tlicrapy."

Ollr senses are the only way we have of perceiving and knowing the outside world. It. is little won- der. then, that the sounds we hear, the colours we see, and the scents we smell are an important means of understanding - and healing - our ills.

Executioner Speaks (0tgiwn Joni-nul)

The joint Parliamentary com- mittee on capital punishment has had an interview with an execu- tioner on the manner of his pro- fession. It was not a pleasant oc- casion for the men and women of the committee and they lie- serve credit for pursuing to the last gruesome detail the quest for information which will permit them to make a useful recom- niendation to Parliament.

The hnngman is a nightmarish apparition in an age devoted to seeking peace and gentleness in lhninan relations. The committee found a man with pride in his .occupatlon prepared to discuss fthe taking of life with the clinical attitude of a doctor who saves llifc. Yrt every Canadian who lagrccs that the penalty for mur- dcr should be death must remem- ber that. at the and of the long (rail of lilvcstigatiiln, trial and sentence. milllcs the awful mo- iincnt when the cxcutioner and the condemned meet at the gui- ':lvs an" inrrry is no more.

The cuinili..t-c, after hearing many witnl-: es. remains to be l-onvinccd that capital punishment. lSh0lll(I be f1l)0liSll":d. The 'L inf an exrlltion cannll be per- lnlittcd to extinguish the lncninry lot the mlirllcr it is ” ' " to punish. It remains to be prnvcn that the promise uf death for a murderer does not restrain would- he killers.

The committee can serve use- fully by rcporting, in light of all It has learned. whether there should be a change in the method of execution, making quick death more certain. The "pmfesslolliil" gave the committee membe a the benefit of his experience and it is possible that he unwittingly Persuaded them that the electric

LEISURE

What is this life if. flill of care. We have no time to stand and;

stare.

No time to stand beneath the boughs

And stare as long as sheep or cows.

No time to see. when woods we

pass, Where squirrels hide their nuts in grass.

No time to see. in broad daylight. Streams full of stars. like skies at night.

No time to turn at Beauty's glancef And watch her feel, how they can dance.

No time to wait fill her mouth can Enrich that smile her eyes began.

A poor life this if. full of care. We have no time to stand and stare.

--W. H. Davies.

The Age Old Story

And be strnftly charged him. and forthwith sent him away: and saith unto him. See thou say nothlns to any man: but go thy way. shew thyself to the priest. and offer for thy Iennsln those things which Moses commanded, for a testimony unto them.

MIDNIGHT SUN Alert weather station on Elles- mere island has no sunset for 141 days in the year.

Burke Electric

Authorized

0 Dealer

Electrical Wiring Repairing and Supplies 0ll Heating Household Appliances Television

156 Great Geo. SI.

Medically I Speaking

Herman N. Bluidesen. M.D- TIIE FAMILY'S IIEALTII

when you stop to think about it, Father, as me bend of the house- hold. has a real and lasting influ- ence on the physical. m0P31 Md mental health of his family.

Seeing that his children are brought up in n healthy manner is the father's responsibility - perhaps his greatest responsibil- ily in the long run. A father, by his own family attitude, can en- courage a healthy, intelligent at- titude in his children.

Wise Fatherhood

As we all know, mental dia-

lirdcrs or nellrotic complaints are on the increase. Many children develop physical complaints due to frustration, worry or mental conflicts. Wise fatherhood that in- stills self-respect. confidence and wholesomeuess in children. can avoid mental disorders of this type. A child brought up in a home of constant strife between the mother and father. or one in which competition between the children is stressed and favoritism among children is prevalent, is in real danger of growing up with an ab- normal mental attitude and is A good candidate for a nervous dis- order.

Most fathersi duties go beyond merely providing an income for their families. A father instills in-

0

Page 4 The Guardian,

I NOTES BY

A gloomy note for space ex- plorers is the 5- teixlent. by an as- tronomer that. because of the low gravity on the moon, It. will be impracticable to play baseball. cricket or golf there. -Christian Science Monitor.

Time is appropriate to sound I word of warning about farm trac- tors. Every year in this province a number of farmers are injured, sometimes killed, by. tractors overturning upon them. One hopes, that with a little care, this type of accident may be avoided in this district this year. - Brockvllle Recorded and Times.

A little restraint at the present time will ensure plenty of trllliums throughout Ontario for years to come. The demands of a trillium are small. It does not ask cultiva- tion. or open space, or fertile soil. Yet. it gives joy to everyone who admires beautiful things. It should have the minimum of protection -Cornwall Standard Freeholder.

H We cannot condemn too strong- ly this rising tendency for police- men to use their guns instead of their legs or heads. This is not meant as an indictment of police constables or their officers. but is a suggestion to police officials that the time has come When they must take steps to more strongly impress their men that guns are for protection, not for the purpose of ' x J A We must

dependen c. clean t” '-' and sportsmanship within his children. Healthy living andthinking begin in the home. Even the school, which is so important in forming a child's basic concepts, is surpass- ed by the home in its influence on clean and healthy thinking.

Then, too. it is Father's job to provide for the family in sickness. While Mother cares for the immed- iate healthy of the children, it is the father who usually insures adequate protection in case of serious illness, and sees to it that his family is provided with a healthy environment.