The Small Farm Problem Before Parliament prorogued,. the Senate committee on land use pre- sented a report, after prolonged study, dealing with small farms. This is the second report issued by the committee, and apparently its inves- tigation is ‘still far from complete.. It seems that basic material for. the ventory and assegsment of land re- swurces in Canada, which the com- mittee ‘suggests as a first require- ment. Much work has already been done in cataloging soil- types and so cn, but not nearly enough. As it is, «he committtee knows there is a small farm problem but cannot yet define its dimensions. acer There are, however, some hard | ——facts reported on about unproduc- tive farms. “Persistence of depressed income conditions on farms which have inadequate income levels,” says the\ report, “leads to inertia, apathy _-and—jimmobility of farm people and a lack of enterprise and hope. Where- ever there is a fairly large concen- tration of low income farms other economic and social problems de- velop. The area on characteristics of a slum. The ser- vices of the community reflect the situation. School and church facili-. ties are often poor, community life generally suffers and roads and other services are neglected or lacking.” How prevalent is this situation? We do not know, nor could it be shown conclusively by farm income statistics alone. Other factors. enter into the picture. But for what it is worth, the committee. notes that in ' 1956, according to the census of agri-— culture, there were 120,242 farms (out of a national total of 575,015) whose estimated total gross annual value of production of crops and livestock was less than $1,200 each. This corresponds with a study made for the Gordon Commission on Eco- nomic Prospects, “which estimated that 37.9 per cent of all farms pro- duce only 6.7 per cent of the agri- cultural products offered for sale. The committee’s solution to the ‘problem is that the Government should assist marginal farmers, through vocational education, reset- tlement ‘schemes and the like, to find employment in other occupations. This will have to be looked at very carefully. How, it may be asked, will it affect- the existin

—

ing unemployment problem, not to speak of the tacit recognition it gives to the all-too-pre- valent idea that farming is “no long- er a way of life but a business”? We have proven it to be both in Prince Edward Island, and we want to keep it that way.

However, the Senate has not fin- ished its inquiry, and it is at any rate to be commended for making a serious attempt to find answers to a major Canadian problem.

Atlantic Power Pool

Nova Scotia and New Brunswick are to be the first beneficiaries of the Atlantic Provinces Power Pool which is intended, with federal support, to provide cheap and easily accessible gources of power for industrial ex- pension. It has been intimated that Prince Island and Labrador

* willbe included in the pool “if and when it is considered necessary and irable.” So far as this Province is we think such a project is highly,.desirable, however feasible it might be under existing conditions. y i) Dracvica WE imagine, when the Strait causeway has been constructed and power lines could be laid to the mainland with little difficulty.

As for Labrador, the St. John’s Daily News finds it odd that this area should be mentioned and not Newfoundland of which it is an in- tegral part, and which has very large power resources. The south coast watershed alone has a, poten- tial of 500,000 horsepower. Labrador

_ studies, on the other hand, have been concentrated on the Hamilton Falls where the reserves have’ been established ; sl5 muuon horsepower. It would hardly seem

Olid De Cri InoOre

to industries to which a low ‘energy cost is likely to offset any disad- vantages that may be found in locat- of Newfound-

braced the completion of a highway between Bay Despair and the ,rail- Grand Falls and a major pment. A highway from uir to Goobies has also. idered as a means of tap- ping the/labour supply of Avalon for possibld industrial operations. tually, no doubt, we shall all _ share in the advantages of the Pow- er Pool. Certainly we shall do so indirectly, from the boost which it will give to industrial development in. this Atlantic area.

In A Deep-Freeze _ Electronic devices which will me- morize all the recorded knowledge in the world—the contents of the. British Museum, the Bibliotheque National, the Library of Congress, the Lenin Library and, indeed, all recorded facts past and present— will be ‘perfected in a matter of years. This was predicted by com- puter specialists attending the Inter- national Conference on Information Processing in Paris recently. The conference, organized by Un-

Fs.

ae: aren,

Py

Conquering T

Hopeful signs are in the land: the tyranny of that ‘pompous per- version of democracy, the ubiq- uitous conference is ‘loosening, undone by its own excess. To be sure conferences are still univer- Sal substitutes for hard, individ- ual and lonely thinking; they are still strong and strangling. But now brave small voices of pro- —test-are being heard. Best of _all, conferences are beitig ridiculed, something hitherto umheard of. When ridicule comes, the end is clearly in sight.

Only months ago, conferences along with togetherness, big cars and motherhood were all o ox. Now motherhood alone is left unchallenged. e

When most of us were still keeping timidivy pmvate, the Lon-

esco, brought together 2,000 experts | from 37 countries to share their | knowledge and experiences and take stock of their achievements. Com- puters today are a thousand times | faster than they were only three | years ago, and a million times fas- ter than they were ten years Ago, it was revealed.

A few years back, a giant memory might have seemed impossible be- cause of its size. Today, the équiva- lent of the human memory could bé ' embodied on a piece of glass five inches by six, the size of a photo- graphic plate. The electric circuits would be stencilled on the glass by putting a diagramatic, mask over it and depositing a fine film of metal. The film would serve as a pattern of electric wires. :

This spider’s web’ vircuit can be frozen at about 270 degrees bel zero—the temperature at which helium gas liquefies. (Liquid helium is used as the refrigerant). At that pcontontor certain metals become

r-conductors, that is to say, the © electric currents flow indefinitely, without any loss. Thus facts to be remembered are kept in a deep freeze. :

The question is, how are we go- ing to utilize this amazing acquisi- tion to our human knowledge. It has, tremendous possibilities for good or evil. So far these gadgets have done little to make men either wiser or better. The day may come when they will dominate us entire- ly, if we don’t develop moral and spiritual’ resources commensurate with the achievement of our ‘brains _and hands.

EDITORIAL NOTES

The strike of Canadian Broadcast- ing Corporation employees which started on Dec. 29 and continued | through February, resultet~in-a_loss of wages of between $350,000 and~

Bureau of Statistics report. ° * . s

“

“Ask the man who flies one,” could be the advice of the Conser- vatives to Ottawa: Liberal “experts” who claimed the F104-G supersonic fighter was a bad choice as the plane with which to equip RCAF forces in Europe. Capt. D. E. Bookout, an American ‘pilot, led a flight of the new planes to Vancouver to take part in a two-day air show. What did he

| a conference in collusion with @

| the introdyction om given words

cola Goce time as the Engineers’

$400,000, according to a Dominion }.

say? “The F194 is the best plane-

likely that any of this would be in-

‘ . ore TS

in manoeuvrability, speed and gen-_| eral flying ease.” : coe

s

i

don Economist spoke up with a splendid spoof of the conferences pretensions and vapid futility. It suggests “The Conference Game” a simple diversion played during

confidant, which has as its goai

or phrases into the context of @ meeting without discovery by the non-players OF THE CHALLENGED Skillful players will rise to the challenge of the most obtrusive terms. For a start, however, it is best not to be too ambitious, beginning with perhaps ‘Brew- ery’, “piebald”’, “hormone”, and

PUBLIC FORUM

This column ts open te the discus

sion by correspondents of question c.

(aterest.-The Guardian does not neses

sarily ex‘orse the opinion of corres - mac pondents.

CAUSEWA TIDE TABLE

Sir,—Now that Parliament has adjourned, presumably all talk about the Causeway and tidal”

tions is expected to die down

report has been presented. _

The only definite pronounce- ment so far is that there could be a differential of 10% feet in the sea level on each side of the

‘particularly if reference is made to the official Atlantic Coast, Tide and Current Tables for 1959 is- sued by the Canadian Hydrogra- Phic Service. If one refers. to Page 81 “of these tables showing

Posed causeway, and there is only 15 minutes difference be- tween the tides at Summerside and Charlottetown, where is this to come from? It has been stated (quite unofficially) that the of the causeway would cause extreme tides to rise 2% feet higher than formerly on the Char- lottetown or southerly s'de of the higher

3 or 4 miles from the causeway was told to move his buildings back to higher land to guard against flooding. He refused to do so as he felt that the eiate- mient wae foolish, and he was right: there has been no eign of = the.4 or 5 years since |

causeway was built.

I am Sir, etc..

THE GROMYKO LINE

POLITICAL FASHION SHOW

he Conference J

ournal

“neoplatonism’”’. ‘Oantafrigian” or “Ash Wednesday’’. The more advanced will welcome the test of whole phrases chosen for their promise of incongruity.

This kind of sport is undoubt- edly a blow at the unchallénzed thigh seriousness of The Confer- ence. But conferences are also undoing themselves from’ within.

ed

WORN W!ITHouT VELVET GLove

graduating slowly to Hs oss

Fgh

._ Men are finding out that while there are some things that a group can Ho, there are agreat many more and important things that must be done in splendid is- elation. Dean Pearson of Andov- er Newton Theological College Scys perceptively, ““Groups do

not think: they merely accumul- ate thought. ine a i composing the . Psalm

painting the

should have better reason in

ing to a conference than an

capacity for independent thought. The conference has even pro-

* vided a new definition of heav-

| en, no longer a place where there

:

#389

The cold blooded way in which Soviet Russia and Nazi Germany planned to carve up most of the world between them in the days of 1939-40 is recalled again in documents made public by the state department.

Russie's Molotov and Ger- many'’s Ribbentrop did the carv- ing on maps and in agreements

‘| dictated by their rulers, Stalin

and Hitler.

Most .of Europe was to be Hit- ler’s province—although from the very start he was secretly pre- paring to attack Russia and seize its share, too. The two divided Poland between them. Russia's booty was-to include Finland a base on the Bosporus either with or wi t the agreement of Tur- key, sections of Iran and Afghan- istan and recognition of Russia's claim to a sphere of influence in the far east. -

TO GERMANY’S HELP ..

Russia was to get Germany's help in convincing to give up all claims -to southern Sak- halin and other Pacific islands. Bulgaria and Yugoslavia were to be in Russia's sphere. Latvia, Es- tonia and Lithuania were to be Russia's.

Little of this is new, even if the documents the state department has now released are made pub

Exploration, of the sunken pir- ate city of Port Royal, Jamaica, is getting under way in Kingston Harbour.

lais Marden. writer-photo grapher’ of the National Geogra- phie Society, and Mendel L. Pet- erson, curator of naval hi

| for the Smithsonian Institution,

have joined the expedition.

~ Led by Edwin A. Link, deep-

sea explorer and inventor .of the Link trainer for flyers, the ex- pedition will attempt to recover and date relics from the 17th- century Caribbean port. It was reputed to be the wickedest city in the world when its loot-laden warehouses, shops, and. two ships were swallowed up by earthquake and sea in one great gulp in 1692. \ ULTRAMODERN EQUIPMENT Though murky water and the silt-covered floor of Kingston Herbour make exploration dif-

| fieult,_the—expedition has the

best in electronic “ equipment, metal detectors, diving and sal. vage gear, and camera accessor- ies. :

To aid photography, Mr. Mar- den will use a special “turbidity eliminator.” The 200-pound, 4 foot-ong device is attached to a camera to provide a sealed fun- nel of crystal-clear-diistilled, ‘fil- tered water between the lens and the object to be photographed.

The Geographic’s instrument shop also has constructed. two underwater still cameras that will be used in the. Port Royal project. author of the recent book on un- dersea adventure entitled ‘Sea Diver,’ already have arrived in

Vers is aboard : fat srtont ~ yacht Sea

ENGINEER OF 6ORTS.

Diver IL it is the first vessel de-

Only Twenty

«Milwaukee Journal ~

A Sunken. Pirate City

National Geographic Society

Jamaica. Expedition headquart- theism éw, power- |

Years Ago

| lic ‘for the first time. That Ger- | many and Russia had plans to carve up Most of the world was known almost as soon as they made the agreements. And i January of 1948 The Milwaukee Journal published, 1939-40 proto- cols seized among German docu- ments at the end of the war. The documents showed then that Mol- otov_ and Ribbentrop agreed the two nations recognized that Rus- sia’s “center of aspirations” in the middie east extended in “the general direction of the Persian gulf.”’ : OTHER ALLIES

Japan and Italy, the other “al- lies’’ of the dictator cult, weren't counted as being important en- ough to share in the major divis- ion of expected booty. And even as he plotted with Stalin, Hitler was plotting against him. In the end, he planned, the world was to be his alone and Stalin shared the same dream for himself.

These events \ must never be forgotten by Americans as they face a Communist Russia that survived the war and has become a major world power. The same motivations that led Stalin to team with Hitler and covet the world siill exist. They are still Soviet policy. World domination is. still the driving dream.

signed and especially built for underwater archeological work.

The Links are veteran explor- ers of waters off southern Florida ard isiands of the, West Indies. In her book, Mrs. Link how they became interested in Port Royal—the lair of pirates, buc- caneers, ad lians of the Spanish in. Before

investigation of the drowned city. This was followed by extensive research that led as far afield as Se ee h

By taking fixes on three -pre- 1692 structures—two sunken forts and the still-existing Fort Char- les—the Links were able to chart Port Royal. The National Geog- raphic and the Smithsonian In- stitution agreed to sponsor a full- scale expedition. :

The Links have located the ap- proximate site of the King’s House which will be the first goal of div- ers. z

Port Royal's ruins are buried beneath silt and rubble just in- side the entrance to Kingston Harbour: All that remains of the old city above water today is a stnall village on the outskirts of Kingston. :

SCOTCH PINE BEST

. ;

-Christmas—tree—in— Ontario Be

at fi

ri

z SEE

?

ecupied by the store of Poole and

| —

if fil

i

gif ne

B83 3§

pi

is made from milk. you prefer, you can sub- one and one-quarter ounc--

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pe

of cheese for one cup of your ily quota 6f four cups of milk. You need at least five serv- ings of fruit and ve every day. This provides the substanc- es needed to form smooth, clear shik, plus vitamins and minerals ‘which help. hold the baby’s body. tissues together.

Two servings of citrus fruit, such as grapefruit and oranges, are a “must” to give you ade- quate Vitamin C. ‘

Other sources of this vitamin include cantaloupe, raw cab- cage, tomato and tomato juice. Eat both cooked and raw. vegé- tables, too. ps OTHER ESSENTIALS

Two or more servings of meat, fish, poultry, eggs, beans or dried peas should also be on your daily menu. These will give the baby the important building materials needed to form sturdy muscles, healthy blood and other tissues. | A serving is at least three ounces of cooked meat, and don’t count the fat or bones. As a guide, you can,use one of four patties made from“a pound of ‘ground meat for a single serving. LIVER AND EGG os

Be sure to get gome liver at least once a week. And try to eat one egg every day’ in addi- tion to two servings of meat, fish or poultry.

You should have three or four servings of whole grain, enrich- éd or restored bread or cereals every day, These foods are ex- cellent sources of energy and also help build strong muscles, good blood and healthy body tis- sues. One serving is one slice of bread or one-half to one-third cup of cereal.

QUESTION AND ANSWER

Mr. J. H. H.: What causes a young man to grind.-his teeth at night?

sa

Answer: Teeth grinding at night is usually related to nerv- | ousness and tension. A hot bath or a hot drinnk before retiring may serve to relax the individ- ual and prevent this situation.

OUR YESTERDAYS

(From the Guardian Files)

TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO (July 23, 1934)

A new store is to be erected in

Montague by Clark Bros.’ Mr.

Stewart, on the site formerly oc-

Thompson Ltd. The contract is held by Mr. Aeneas MclInnis, Charlottetown, and the architect is Mr. James E. Harris, The building is expected to be \com- pleted by October 1. ?

Mr. William Clark’s house on Water Street East, Summerside, had the brick chimmey blown down during. Friday night's storm. Mr. Walter E. Darby's house at St. Eleanors had all the electric funzes blown out and the electric motor ‘uhed for pumping put out of working orde.r Some barns owned by Dr. Can- non of St. Eleanors were also struck. TEN YEARS AGO (July 23, 1949)

The Royal Commission on Transportation and associated | parties of over forty members ar- rived in Charlottetown last eve- sing on a six-car special train. The commission includes’ “Hon W.F.A. Turgeon, chairman; Dr. H.F. Angus and Dr. H.A. Innis. Hearings will be heard in the Law Courts Building, July 25, SH -

Mr. Raiph Green, son of Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Green, Albany, left on Saturday for Cornwallis where #@ has joined the Royal Camadian Navy. Previous to his

he was tendered a farewell party at the home of bis

| years to develop the wheel. Near-

| The Queen Elizabeth. *‘Here. for

movement. — Kitchener-Water- loo Record - Ce inca Today our roads are

of exhaust fumes to move vehi- cles. New types of vehicles will _then be in use, and these are now being considered. Atomic loco- Motives to develop the equivalent of 12,000 steam horsepower, ffom less than three and a half ounces of uranium, and drive the loco- Motives ~~ Halifax to Van- couver on this, are projected.— Woodstock Sentinel-Review.

The Age Old Story

Servants, obey in all things your masters according to the flesh; not .with eye service, as menplea-

sers; but in singleness of heart, fearing God.

MURDERER HANGED a

BOMBAY (AP) — Sadhu Val- labhdas Shamdas, 35 - year - old confessed murderer of 14 per- sons, was hanged Wednesday. He claimed that Kali, the goddess of destruction, had called on him to offer her 125 human lives and his methed was to drug beggars or recluses and then kill them with sticks and stones.

STUDY REQUEST

OSLO (Reuters) — The Nor- wegian government is studying a Tunisiah request to buy amnmu- nition from a Norwegian muni- tions plant, a foreign office spokesman said Wednesday. He said the government needed more information on whether the Tunisian government was the real buyer.

OTTAWA (CP)—Defence Mi ister Pearkes will attend Venture, the navy’s junior of% training establishment at Esqui malt, B.C.,° it™ was announ

a ie

MAXIMS |

There is a loftier ambition tm: merely to stand high in the w It is to stoop down and lift m kind a little higher.

a

| ee THE SEA SHELL Without, the enameled -beauty |

the shell

That dazzles in the sunlight proclaim oC eg

A many colored radiance, and flame .—

Tr. riotous effulgence, all too well

Delighting boatmen on the un- dulant swell <4

Of the harbor whose calm mood is prone to tame

A longing for the ocean’s bolder claim

Its darkiing habitation too se

cure

Roaring for heaven’s height and ocean's deeps:

Imprisoned symbol of the life of man

Aspiring to a reach it cannot span.

=

Wilbert Snow (In The New York Times)

. Salad Conscious Canadians -

The Mieshefiens Menwest

It took primitive man 19,386 ly a millennium elapsed between the time flying machines were thought of and when @hey actual- Ily stayed in the air. And it Has taken more than 300 years to get Canadians to eat salads.

True, some old Canadian fami- lies have grown their own let- tuce for generations but they us- ually served it with vinegar and sugar. A _ dressing containing olive oil was foreign, and there- fore suspect. Garlic was for im- migrants.

Carnivorous, like all northern peoples, the Cariadian male, es- pecially, has been reluctant to depart from meat 'n potatoes. Anything green he viewed as for-

age only for the beasts of the field, anything spicy as much too exotic. .

Only in the last quarter-cen- tury has the,salad become ac- ceptable: to Canadian diners, and this due largely to thé unreward- ed efforts of chefs and maitres dhotel. Then, as housewives learned that husbands would eat salads if properly prepared, sal- ad making. slowly became estab- lished in the home.

“If a salad catches a man’s eye, he'll order it,” says the skilled chef garde-manger at

example, is the finest Maritime lobster, but see how the bow! is

lined with shredded lettuce. Note

Pete E Eee Te

IF YOUR GUARDIAN IS LATE... OR MISSED

the capers,’ the sliced egg, the garnish of asparagus.”

Chopped celery goes with chi- cken. The tuna fish salad has ra- dishes, celery, strips of pimiento, and olives.

For a treat, there is the plain salad of Bibb lettuce. Created by the Kentucky _horticulturist Jack Bibb nearly a century ago, but still relatively unknown in Canada, this lettuce is the gour- met’s favorite, It has become.& standard, menu item at the hot- el’s Beaver Club since its open- ing last year.

Exclusiyely fresh fruits are used for the fruit salads served in Le Cafe;:. Oranges, ‘grapefruit, strawberries, ion, bananas and grapes are tucked into a large lettuce cup with cottage cheese, and are served often with a lime dressing or another of wale nuts combined with sour cream, whipped cream, mayonnaise and lemon juice.

~The fruit salad chief says that the Beaver Club’s fruit salad comes on a bed of chicory, and its fruits include canntalouve and crisp apple slices. Blueberries often ring the sizable mound of cottage cheese.

Awareness of the need for few-. er calories is attracting many Canadian diners to salads, but a greater lure is in the skill of men and women who compose and de- corate the drisp, cool salad plat- es and bowls.

DIAL

OTTAWA i i Laidler, professor of chemistry at the University of Ottawa, is to represent the university at an international research conference on radiation at New Hamilton, .N. H., July 26-31. Dr. Laidler is an ‘amrity on ex- plosives, the ch of kinet- ics and enzymes will present a paper on “radiation chemistry of oxygen ani water.”

FIRE IN MINISTRY

ROME (Reuters)—Fire broke out Wednesday in the microfilm section of the Italian ministry. of defence, spreading to four rooms

missed.

and a paper will be delivered right to your door. | Special delivery service’ a.m. to 9:00 a.m. if your paper is late — or

6561

available between 8:30

i]

oats

173 Great George St.

cause it holds its needles well.

were no casualties. Police are io vestigating. —

For the Fastest Service in Town, call

_DIAL 6561